r 



THE MAINE BUGLE. 



Entered at the Po$t Office, Rockland, Me., at Second-Ctati Matter. 

Campaign I. January, 1894. Call i 



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Losses in the First Maine Heavy Artillery. 

Of the two thousand and forty-seven regiments in the Union 
army, the First Maine Heavy Artillery sustained the greatest 
loss in battle. Not only was the number killed the largest, but 
the percentage of killed was exceeded in only one instance. 
Again, its loss at Petersburg, June eighteenth, was the greatest 
of any regiment in any one action, during the war. It made 
the charge that day with about nine hundred muskets, losing 
six hundred and thirty-two in killed and wounded. Only a 
month previous the regiment had suffered a terrible loss in its 
gallant fight on the Fredericksburg Pike, near Spottsylvania, 
May 19th, 1864, where it lost eighty-two killed and three hun- 
dred and ninety-four wounded ; total, four hundred and seventy- 
six. Among the killed were six officers, and in the battle of 
June eighteenth, just referred to, thirteen officers were killed or 
mortally wounded, besides others who were hit. This regiment 
was raised principally in the Penobscot valley, and was organ- 
ized August 2 1st, 1862, as the Eighteenth Maine Infantry. 
Major Daniel Chaplin, of the Second Maine, was appointed 
colonel. He fell, mortally wounded, August i8th, 1864, at 
Stra*vberry Plains, Va., (Deep Bottom). The regiment left the 
State August 24th, 1862, and was changed to heavy artillery in 
December. It remained in the defences of Washington until 
May, 1864, when it joined Grant's army at Spottsylvania. All 
its losses occurred within a period of ten months. During the 
spring campaign of 1865, it was in Dc Trobriand's brigade of 
Mott's Division, Second Corps. 



THE MAINE BUGLE. 



The Charge of the Heavy Artillery. 

BY JOEL F. BROWN, CO. I FIRST MAINE HEAVY ARTILLERY. 

Nearly thirty years have passed since 1864, and scenes clear 
and bright to memory once have become dim and misty now. 
Time and the smoke of the battle of life have obscured the 
recollection of those days of trial and danger. One scene, in 
which it was my lot to act an humble part, is burned on my 
memory so deeply that nothing will ever efface it. I have only 
to close my eyes and I can see it clear and distinct as I saw it 
then. It was the charge of the famous First Maine Heavy 
Artillery at Petersburg on the eighteenth day of June, 1864. 
I was a member of Co. I of that regiment, and after having lain 
in the defenses of Washington for eighteen months, where it 
was a ceaseless routine of drill six days in a week with inspec- 
tion and dress parade, supplemented with a little battalion drill 
and church service for variety, on Sunday, we joined the Army 
of the Potomac, a full artillery regiment, eighteen hundred 
strong, just in season to receive our first baptism of fire at 
Spottsylvania Court House in an action known as the fight at 
the Fredericksburg Road. 

How well I remember, when we joined the army, the old 
veterans laughed at and jeered us, called us " Abe's pets," 
" Paper collars," " Band box soldiers," etc., just as though we 
could help staying in the defenses of Washington when the 
•' Powers " thus decreed. How well I remember that first fight, 
where our heavy artillery brigade under the lead of the gallant 
Gen. Tyler confronted the whole of the rebel Gen. Elwell's corps 
and held them in check for two hours and a half until reinforce- 
ments arrived and drove them off the field. The rebs outnum- 
bered us three or four to one, and according to all the rules of 
war we were whipped several times over, but it was our first 
fight and we were green at the business, as well as being Abe's 



CHARGE OF THE HEAVY ARTILLERY. 5 

pets, etc., so we did not know we were whipped and kept on 
fighting. The rebs got disgusted with our way of shooting 
straight at them and kept behind a stone wall, and the reinforce- 
ments coming up, we did not all go to Andersonville as we 
should have done if they had been disposed to advance their 
flanks and simply scoop us all in. I well remember also that 
an old veteran came over to where we were lying in a piece of 
woods and said, " Well, you can fight if you did come out of 
the defenses." 

We lost as near as I can remember, about four hundred of 
our regiment here. I also remember sometimes, in a dim, hazy 
kind of way, of the march to Milford Station, of the North 
Anna, of Cold Harbor, and skirmishes and fights without names, 
all parts of the great battles, I suppose. Some of these mem- 
ories are dim to me; it seems as though the smoke of burning 
powder obscures them ; and some are quite sharp and clear yet. 
I recollect the march to, and the crossing of the James, the 
advance on Petersburg, of lying all night — we were in the Sec- 
ond Corps then — and hearing the roar of the trains as the 
advance of Lee's army was being hurried into the defences of 
the city; also the fighting on the sixteenth and seventeenth of 
June, and the rumors of an advance on the eighteenth, when it 
was our duty to lead ; all of this comes back to me as a dream. 
During all this marching and fighting our regiment had dwindled 
down until scarce nine hundred men remained, but we had 
learned how to fight. On the morning of the eighteenth of 
June seventy-five men of Co. I answered " Here " at roll call. 
There were one hundred and fifty at Spottsylvania. Just one- 
half was gone. I was the second man on the right of the com- 
pany in the front rank, and next but one to the regimental 
colors. Of the original eight who formed the first two files on 
the right, two were dead and three wounded, leaving but three 
in the ranks, but others had closed up to the right, and our front 
although shorter, was still solid. I think it must have been 
about three o'clock in the afternoon when we came out from our 
breastworks and began to advance. We moved a short distance 
to the front and then up to the right, down a sunken road that 



6 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

ran parallel to the line, where we halted in the line of battle for 
some time. There was a piece of open woods in our rear and 
the bank of the road was so high in our front as to completely 
cover us from the enemy. We soon found that the rest of the 
corps was being massed in our rear and were told what was to be 
done. The whole corps was to charge in mass, we to lead ; and 
then came the getting ready. Knapsacks, haversacks and blankets 
were thrown off, in fact everything that would lighten our load ; 
messages were delivered to be sent home, in case anything hap- 
pened, and good byes were said. I can call to mind how I stood 
there leaning upon my musket, looking on. I had no particular 
comrade tp say good bye to ; both were dead, one at Spottsyl- 
vania, the other at Cold Harbor. I expect my face was white. 
I know I saw other white faces there and some of them wore 
shoulder straps, but there was no flinching ; it is always harder to 
wait than to fight. At last we heard from our colonel, " Atten- 
tion, First Maine Heavy Artillery — Forward, Guide Right, 
March !" As we scrambled up out of the road, what a sight 
was before us : about ten or fifteen hundred yards away, across 
an open field having a little rise and covered with old corn 
stubble, were the rebel works, bristling with artillery, still as 
death, awaiting our onslaught. We had become somewhat 
broken in climbing up out of the road and the sight before us, 
together with a few stray shots from the sharpshooters along 
our front, did not tend to steady the line, so our old colonel, 
who was I believe, the coolest man that it would be possible to 
find, gave the command to halt, took his station as on dress- 
parade, ordered his guides on a line, dressed up the regi- 
ment, and then put us through the manual of arms as quietly as 
though we were still in the defences of Washington, and all the 
while the bullets from the sharpshooters humming about his 
ears like bees. Then came the word, " Forward, Double Quick, 
Charge," and with a wild cheer which seemed to me more like 
the bitter cry wrung out in a death agony, we sprang forward. 
I saw the works plainly before me. I saw the blinding flash of 
red flame run along the crest of those works and heard the 
deafening crash as the awful work began; then the air seemed 



CHARGE OF THE HEAVY ARTILLERY. 7 

filled with all the sounds it was possible for it to contain, the 
hiss of the deadly minie, the scream of the shell, the crackle, 
crash and roar of every conceivable missile, and through it all 
that red blaze along the crest of that work which we must cross, 
as we, with bowed heads, breasted that storm. Once I fancied 
I heard the order to fall back and glanced from right to left to 
see if it were so ; but no, the boys, bent forward with arms at a 
trail, were still rushing on. At last I could see the faces of the 
rebels and hear above the roar their shouts of " Come on, 
Yanks." Again I looked to right, to left, and found that I was 
almost alone; we were turning back. Then came the rush to 
get off the field and under cover; the ground over which we 
must return was covered thick with those who were down, the 
wounded, dead and dying together. How I ever got back I 
cannot tell ; it seemed but a moment and yet we were twenty 
minutes in that awful place. When about half way I felt some- 
thing strike my foot, numbing it, and I stumbled forward on 
my face. I remember drawing up the foot to see how bad it 
was hurt and found that only the heel of the shoe was gone, 
shot off, and I sprang up and rushed on again, but the whole 
foot was black the next day from the bruise. At last I reached 
the sunken road. But what a scene ! It is too horrible to 
attempt to describe. Those who have seen such pictures know 
all about them ; let those who have not thank God for it and 
not try to learn about them. I remember well that about the 
first thing I heard as I came into the road was this greeting, 
from the rest of the corps, " Didn't you fellows know any bet- 
ter than to go in there?" History says that Gen. Birney 
massed the Second Corps and made a desperate charge that 
day. So he did, but it was the First Maine Heavy Artillery 
that made the charge alone. The rest of the corps never 
crossed the sunken road. I went up the road towards the left 
to where the colonel was, just as Gen. Birney rode up, and 
heard him say, "Col. Chaplin, where are your men?" and I 
shall never forget his answer : " There they are, out on that field 
where your tried veterans dared not go. Here, you can take 
my sword ; I have no use for it now ; " and the old hero sat 



8 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

down in the road and cried like a child. Just as night began to 
close in, the adjutant came along and told us to get together 
and call the roll. Wc did. Company I got together; we had 
gone in with seventy-five men ; six privates had come out. 
There was no roll call in that company that night; one of our 
number wrote the names on a piece of paper and with tears 
running down his cheeks handed it to the adjutant; that was all. 
Out of the nine hundred men of the regiment about seven hun- 
dred had fallen. Late that night Lieut. Sam Oakes came to us. 
He had been knocked senseless on the field, but at night revived 
and crawled off. How we hugged him and cried over liim ! 
His coming saved our company from being wiped out, but the 
bruises he got that day cost him his life within one short year. 
Our colonel was broken hearted over his loss and threw his life 
away at Deep Bottom soon after. He seemed not to care to 
live after his regiment was gone. 

Such was the charge of the First Maine Heavy Artillery on 
the eighteenth day of June, 1864, before Petersburg. I do not 
believe there was a man came out of that charge without some 
mark about his clothes. I had a bullet through my cap, cutting 
off a lock of hair close to the skin, one took off the heel of 
my shoe, two went through my canteen, one cut the bayonet 
scabbard in two, and one went through the left sleeve of my 
blouse leaving a small splinter in the arm, where it is yet. I 
have never attempted to talk about that charge ; I cannot, nei- 
ther can I describe it; it is beyond description; but I can see 
it yet, and suppose I always shall. 



Has any regiment in ancient or modern time suffered so 
severely? Behold the record ! 

LOSSES AT SPOnSYLVANIA, MAY I9, 1S64. 

Co. A — Killed — Copl. Daniel W. Snow; Pvts. John O. Hughes, George F. Stan- 
wood, Adelhert Withani — 4. 

Wounded — Lt. Prince A. Gatchell (slight); Sgt. Benjamin Berry; Copl. Martin 
Scott; Pvts. Benjamin Dow, Thomas H. Griffin, Amos Holt, (arm amputated), Chas. 
M. Lovejoy, Hugh A. Morrison, John R. Morrill, Horace L. Peasley, William Pendle- 
ton, Bealy Runnells, Benjamin Richardson, John R. Towle, Frederick H. Tucker, M. 
Augustus Turner, Marcellus L. Fisher — 17. 



LOSSES OF THE HEAVY ARTILLERY. 9 

Co. B — Killed — Sgts. Addison C. Percival, Samuel M. Bolton, Gustavus A. Watson; 
Pvts. Warren M. Brown, James M. Call, Jethro W, Clark, Rosalvan P. Cowan, John 
C. Erskine, Austin Q. French, Herbert T. Gibhs, Nathan A. Hopkins, Henry C. 
Hutchinson, Amaziah Langley, James McGrath, Charles H. McKinney, Thornton M. 
Pierce, George B. Robinson, Henry W. Ryder, Lemuel B. Whitney — 19. 

Wounded — Lt. Isaac N. Morgan (lost an eye); Sgt. Henry L. Thomas; Copls. 
Sylvander G. Elliott, Ezra McGray; Pvts. Benjamin F. Adams, Joseph H. Barnes, 
Jeremiah T. Bowden, Artemas Butterfield, Benjamin F. Buzzell, James A. Courtney, 
Andrew M. Davis, George Delany, Isaac Duff, George S. Gates, Benjamin Jackson, 
Thomas Loran, Patrick McCue, James B. Robbins, John Speed, Charles H. Stewart, 
Moses H. Stewart, Peter Tibdo, Charles T. Twombly, William H. Kent — 24. 

Co. C— Killed— Lt. George W. Grant; Sgt. Elliot J. .Saulsbury; Pvts. George W. 
Burns, James Cain, William H. Campbell, Edward E. Emery, Sidney S, Eldridge, 
Harrison Fogg, Eben W. Foster, John P. Higgins, Francis G. Knowlton, Christopher 
Mench, Edwin G. Marcyes, George Morrill, George A. Smith, Isaac C. Staples, Elisha 
H. Wasgatt — 17 

Wounded — Capt. Zemro A. Smith; Sgt. Mark T. Richardson; Copls. William F. 
Emerson, Benjamin Frazier, Stillman Gray, Cushman E. Harden, John J. Scott; Pvts. 
Francis A. Blanchard, Smith C. Beverly, Joseph S. Bonzey, Sylvester Bowden, Edwin 
G. Brimmer, Benjamin S. Campbell, William B. Campbell, Levi Chapman, John 
Douglass, Maurice Downey, John L. Emery, William H. Fox, Alden H. Frazier, 
Newell Garland, Ezra P. Gray, James H. Grover, Jeremiah Harrington, Sewall F. 
Haskell, Richard Higgins, Charles W. Jellison, Peter McCabe, Llewellyn McGown, 
John Murphy, John Royal, Luther M. Royal, Abraham Sargent, Jr., Arthur L. Sauls- 
bury, William P. Squire, James R. Sutherland, Edwin F. Smith, Henry G. Smith, 
William H. U. Staten— 39. 

Co. D— Killed— Copl. Charles W. Smith— i. 

Wounded — Lt. George Rollins; Pvt. David Ames — 2. 

Co. E — Killed — Lt. John F. Knowles; Sgts. Charles M. Parshley, Everett M. Del- 
ano; Copls. Eben W. Bean, Cyrus S. Labree, Henry O. Smiley; Pvts. Emerson Bart- 
lett, John Bradford, Joseph F. Brown, Joshua L. Brown, Seth H. Brown, Albert 
Chadbourne, Wilson G. Cole, Samuel Flanders, Cyrus B. Hayes, Charles W. Hanson, 
Elavil B. Jackson, Francis D. Lindsey, Francis J. Lord, Leander Maxim, Almon C. 
Morton, Alfred B. Shea, Orrin A. Sidelinker, Royal H. Strout — 24. 

Wounded — Lt. Benjamin F. Rollins; Sgts. Jeremiah Daine, Charles H. Gatchell; 
Pvts. Thomas Arnold, Benjamin D. Averill, James A. Barnes, William Baitlett, Geo. 
H. Brown, Wm. H. Brown, Elisha H. Broad, Ervin Chamberlain, Lucian II. Chase, 
Alton P. Fassett, James Fish, Albion K. Fletcher, Charles Fogg, George W. Green- 
ough, Gustavus B. Hiscock, Charles J. House, Bradish B. Jackson, George P. Leighton 
Charles P. Lindsey, Henry H. Lufkin, Benjamin C. Lyford, Andrew W. Mcharland* 
Harrison P. Mclntire, Delvin B. Merrill, Randall C. Noyes, Amos D. Orne, James 
W. Overlock, David Palmer, William S. Randlett, Andrew J. Reeves, John P. Rob- 
erts, William L. Sampson, George Smith, Wentworth Staples, Domingo C. Thomp- 
son, Leonard H. Washburn, Osborn Weeman, Charles E. Weld — 41. 

Prisoner — Pvt. David J. Whitney — i. 

Co. F — Killed — Sgt. William M. Stevenson; Art. Sylvester Drew; Pvts. Franklin 
C. Barwise, Darius G. Brown, Alvah M. Chick, Charles R. Clark, Jacob B. Holmes 
Charles W. Jones, Levi K. Mayo, Thomas L. May, Harrison L. Mitchell, Andrew 



10 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Patterson, Alphonzo Smith, Samuel Snow, Rodney J. Taylor, Frank Voyer, Charles P. 
Wheeler, David B. Wiggin, Abijah T. Young — 19. 

Wounded— Capt. Roscoe F. Hersey; Sgts. Luther K. Patten, John W. Blake, Jas. 
E. Wentworth, Edward C. Tuttle, George E. Gilman; Copls. Edwin K. Stuart, Brad- 
ley W. Abbott, Melvin S. Stevenson, Daniel R. Stevenson; Pvts. David W. Barrett, 
Allison HIackden, Joseph Carter, Frederic L. Clark, Aaron W. Edgerly, Oris W. Ellis, 
Isaac W. Grant, Orrington Gowen, Amos E. Hardy, Orrin Houston, Francis E. Joy, 
Andrew S. Knight, David A. Legrow, Broadstreet Mason, Charles H. Maddocks, Peter 
Patterson, Nathaniel D. Philbrook, Henry W. Pomroy, Charles B. Smith, Lowell M. 
Stevenson, Henry F. Stubbs, James Turner, Jr., Oliver Wiley, George A. York, Heze- 
kiah Whitcomb, John W. Shaw, Daniel P. Raymond — 38. 

Co. G — Killed — ist Sgt. Sewall T. Douglass; Pvts. Timothy C. Atkinson, George 
A. Bonsey, Charles W. Gray, Charles Prue, Clinton D. Saunders — 6. 

Wounded — Sgt. James A. Ripley; Copls. Woodman C. Hun toon, John E. Ginn; 
Pvts. Joseph M. Currier, David L. Dodge, Obed Leach, John Murphy, Nathaniel 
Spaulding. Willard E. Suckforth, Elias Webber, Jr. — 10. 

Prisoner — Pvt. Kenney Depray — i. 

Co. H — Killed — Copl. Philander D. Low; Pvts. Joseph L. Downs, Granville Dun- 
ham, Alexander Parker, Edmund Perry— 5. 

Wounded — Copl. Michael Cunningham ; Pvts. Arthur D, Bumps, James H. Braz- 
zell, Hanson Cole, Benjamin H. Foss, Sherman L. Tucker, Thomas Williams or Will- 
iamson — 7. 

Co. I — Killed — Sgt. Ithamar D. Morton; Pvts. Ira Chapman, George Derocher, 
Oval Derocher, Henry H. Doane, Levi Doane, Richard Dowdell, William Grover, 
John F. Hodgkins, David Lord, Whitelield Mills, Isaiah Randall, Frank St. Pierre, 
Benjamin B. Soule, John A. Trickey, True W. Wedgewood — 16. 

Wounded — Lt. Richard V. Moore; Sgts. Charles M. Weymouth, Isaac Q. Freeze; 
Copls. John A. Cousins, John B. Curtis, Edwin F. Lord, James M. Moore, Edmund 
C. Parsons; Pvts. Eli Andrews, William S. Averill, Charles W. Bosworth, Charles A. 
Burgess, Joshua L. Clark, Elijah K. Cleveland, Joseph W. Cottle, William H. 
Doughty, John A. Dowst, Ithamar Emerson, Daniel J. Flanders, Alverdo W. Ford, 
James F. Getchell, Thomas Gilbert, John Gilpatrick, Theodore H. Graffam, Selden 
Hancock, Nicholas Harris, Rollins Hammon, William L. Holmes, Justin M. Leavitt, 
Henry Pooler, John L. Rollins, Henry Rowe, Leander Russell, Arthur G. Sawyer, 
Gilman J. Shaw, CJeorge E. Tibbetts, Lorenzo Warren, George C. Waters, Daniel W. 
Winchester, Thomas B. Worcester, Leander R. Young; Art. George T. Springer — 42. 

Co. K— Killed— Capt. William R. Pattangall; Lt. Gershom C. Bibber; Sgt. Chas. 
H. Moore; Copls. Ambrose A. Huntley, Jeremiah Loring, Henry W. Motz; Pvts. 
George E. Bradbury, Samuel Collier, John J. Dority, Reuben C. Fickett, James T. 
^ack, George P. Potter, Nathaniel Treadwell, Jr., Brazilla F. Whiting, Franklin York 

— »5- 

Wounded — Sgt. Edward B. Kilby; Copls. Edward J. Gilligan, Hiram Smith, Rob- 
ert C. Clark, Andrew Hall, Christopher C. Huntley; Arts. Isaiah L. Lincoln, George 
W. Howe; Pvts. Philander C. Brawn, John Cambridge, Arthur S. Chickering, Samuel 
J. ("■•osby, Ezra Dean, Andrew J. Harmon, George H. Hayward, Horace Howes, 
Charles T. Huntley, James Finn, Taylor Larrabee, Reuben Lyon, Barnard McDavit, 
John D. Mailer, Henry Pomroy, Josiah T. Potter, George W. Jewell, Daniel LittleBeld, 



LOSSES OF THE HEAVY ARTILLERY. \\ 

Nehemiah Littlefield, Francis McLaughlin, Elbridge G. Nelson, Charles W. Robbins, 
Stephen M. Smith, J. F. William Richter, Isaac Shaw, John P. Sprague, Isaac Wat- 
son, George E. Wilder, John W. Presley, Paron W. Cook — 38. 

Co. L — Killed — Capt. William T. Parker; Lt. Wilmot T. Vickery; Copls. Fields 
Baston, David A. Chase ; Pvts. George W. Beede, Webster Brown, Fphraim Bowley, 
Edward P. Chaplin, Franklin Chapman, John L. Crooker, Hiram S. Emerson, Charles 
S. George, Daniel W. Kilbourne, Henry H. Newman, Irad Walker, Jr. — 15. 

Wounded — Sgt. Cassius C. Roberts; Copls. David F. Gilman, James R. Creasey, 
Daniel O. Bowen, Charles H. Noyes; Pvts. Charles Call, Charles Downs, Levi W. 
French, Hiram J. Grant, Daniel Green, Henry A, Higgins, Elisha James, Jr., William 
W. Kilbourne, Stephen O. Lilley, Joseph C. Love, Herrick Luf kin, George W. Luce, 
George W. .Maddox, John V. Maxtield, Joseph R. Mears, Nathan E. Nickerson, John 
H. Qaimby, William H. Richmond, John C. Rogers, James H. Stinson, Benjamin C. 
Studley, William H. Talbot, Benson L. Trundy, James H. Towle, Horace C. Webber 
—30. 

Co. M— Killed— Pvts. Orrin W. Brann, William H. DeWolf, Alfred J. Douglass, 
Isaac H. Davis, Horace C. Griffin, Charles McMann, James Merrill, Henry H. 
Miichell, Ira B. Robbins, Charles E. Smiley, Timothy Spencer — 11. 

Wounded — Capt. Frederic A. Cummings (slight) ; Sgt. David A. Knowles; Copls. 
John S. Foster, Edward Lyford, Isaac A. Billington, William W. Pratt, Henry A. 
Ramsdell (slight); Pvts. Isaac P. Balchelder, Hiram Batchelder, Hartley B. Cox, 
William B. Cox, Andrew Clindennin, George A. Freeman, Daniel B. Friend, Charles 
Green, Mark P. Kelley, Henry O. Keith, Alvah B. Knight, Franklin R. Knowlton, 
Benjamin Leach, John A. Mitchell, Orlando Moore, Samuel W. Moore, David M. 
Morgan, Starling Mower, Timothy Nicholas, William H. Over, Charles D. Robbins, 
Smith A. Symonds, George W. Speed, Oscar Tracey, Reuben H. Turner, Hezekiah C. 
Moore — 33. 

LOSSES AT MILFORD STATION, MAY 21, 1864. 

Co. D— Killed— Pvt. Alberti J. Dunbar— i. 
Prisoner — Pvt. George A. Haskell — i. 
Co. I — Prisoner — Augustus Goodwin — i. 

LOSSES AT NORTH ANNA, MAY 23-26, 1 864. 

Co. B — Wounded — Pvts. Samuel Gibson, Charles Speed — 2. 

Co. H — Killed — Lafayette Murray — i. 

Wounded — Pvts. Wilmot N. Burk, Andrew J. Lombard, Albert C. Phinney — 3. 

LOSSES AT HANOVER TOWN, MAY 27-29, 1 864. 

Co. L — Prisoners — Copl. James P. Newell; Pvt. Franklin Campbell — 2. 
Co. M — Wounded — Pvt. John G. Tibbetts — i. 

LOSSES AT TOLOPOTOMY, MAY 3O-3I, 1 864. 

Co. B— Wounded— Pvt. William M. Erskine— i. 

Co. G — Prisoners — Pvts. Charles D. Tirrell, Roscoe Trevitt — 2. 

Co. H — Killed — Sgt. Fernando C. Plummer — i. 

Wounded — Sgt. Charles Emerson; Pvt. Ezra C. Gray — 2. 

Co. K — Killed — Pvt. Richard Sears — i. 

Wounded — Copls. Cornelius Nickerson, William H. Wilder — 2. 



12 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

LOSSES AT COLD HARBOR, JUNE 2 TO 12. 

Co. A— Killed— Pvt. Andrew J. Dill— I. 

Wounded — Pvts. John Flemming, William J. Smith (lost right hand) — 2. 

Prisoners — Pvts. Isaac E. Bowley, Addison C. Kenne, Francis L. Philbrook, 
Frederick Philbrook, Eri Rowe — 5. 

Co. C — Wounded — Pvt. Ezra N. Curtis — i. 

Co. E— Wounded— Copl. Leonard E. Howard; Pvt. Albert Hayes (slight)— 2. 

Co. F — Wounded — Copl. Fred A. Chamberlain — i. 

Co. G— Wounded— Pvt. Edwin P. Hill— i. 

Co. H — Wounded — Pvts. William L. Allen, Phineas S. Bennett — 2. 

Prisoners — Pvts. Nathaniel W. Pinkham, Enos Sawyer — 2. 

Co. I — Wounded — Pvt. George B. Stinson — i. 

Co. L — Wounded — Sgt, George H. Oakes; Pvt. Hiram S. James — 2. 

Co. M — Wounded — Wag. Joel A. Dorr; Pvts. Isaiah L. Jones, William H. Merrill, 
Rufus H. Rook, Charles M. Staples— 5. 

LOSSES AT PETERSBURG, JUNE 1 6, 1 864. 

Co. B — Wounded — Pvt. John H. Furbish — I. 

Co. C— Killed— Pvt. Franklin Morrill— i. 

Co. E— Killed— Pvt. William H. Buck— i. 

Wounded — Sgts. Albert W. Chapin, Thomas O. F^aton; Pvts. Richard P. Raynes 
(slight), Joshua Grinnell, William G. Page — 5. 

Co. F— Wounded— Copl. Samuel E. Pray— i. 

Co. G — Killed — Copl. George L. Stover — i. 

Wounded — Sgt. Isaac J. Dunham; Pvts. Daniel Davis, George P. Clark, Ivory 
Otis— 4. 

Co. H— Wounded— Pvt. Everett W. Davis— i. 

Co. L — Wounded — Pvts. John D. Edes, Willard Page— 2. 

Co. M— Killed— Sgt. Sewall I). Ramsdell; Pvt. Silas S. Bennett— 2. 

Wounded — Lt. Cyrus K. Bridges; Sgt. Dallas Knowlton; Pvts. George W. Llo)d, 
Alexander H. Maddocks, John E. Mitchell — 5. 

LOSSES AT PETERSBURG, JUNE 17, 1 864. 

F'ield and Staff — Killed — Major George W. Sabine — i. 

Co. A — Wounded — Pvts Edward Jennis, Thomas G. Libby — 2. 

Co. B — Killed — Pvts. Charles N. Leavitt, Thomas Savage — 2. 

Wounded — Pvt. George Inman — i. 

Co. C— Killed— Pvt. Stillman Smith— i. 

Co. D — Killed — Pvts. Gustavus W. Bean, Horatio B. Downer, Llewellyn Knowlton, 
Frank W. Whittier— 4. 

Co. F — Killed — Sgt. Mark T. Emerson — i. 

Wounded — Pvts. Isaac M. Lawry, Joseph Morse, Charles F. Read, Charles E. Saw- 
telle, Peleg Bradford, Jr. — 5. 

Co. G — Wounded — Copl. Thomas E. Dodge — i. 

Co. I — Wounded — Segt. Alphonzo A. Tozier; Pvt. Llewellyn H. Smith — 2. 

Co. K — Wounded — Copl. Jacob Henry; Pvts. John Fisher, Joseph Moholland 
John G. Wilder — 4. 

Co. M — Wounded — Pvts. Thomas S. Henderson, Phineas P. Jones 2. 



LOSSES OF THE HEAVY ARTILLERY. 13 

LOSSES AT PETERSBURG, JUNE 1 8, 1 864. 

Field and Staff— Wounded— Maj, Christopher V. Grossman; Sgt. Maj. Nathan M. 
Mills — 2. 

Co. A— Killed— Sgts. Jonathan Clay, Jr., Moses P. Wing; Copls. Amasa S. Tlagg, 
Daniel Fitzpatrick; Pvts. Cleorge Duren, Scribner H. Davis, Henry W. Howard, 
Cyrus A. Lord, Daniel McCurdy, John Murphy, Joseph Pooler, John C. Ritchie, 
Andrew J. Rowe, John B. Scott — 14. 

Wounded— Capt. Charles W. Nute; Lt. Samuel E. Burham; Sgts. Arthur P. 
Budge, John H. Taylor; Copls. Benjamin M. Griffin, William Harmon; Art. Ilerod 
Robinson, Jonathan G. Rideout; Wag. Lyman H. DoUey; Pvts. Jeremiah S. Bartlett, 
Manly S. Brown, Otis H. Bruce, Charles W. Carson, John P. Crowley, Levi D. Curtis, 
John A. Davis, Simon Devou, Charles H. Dill, Joseph C. Dunn, George W. Hooper. 
Nathaniel Ladd, Charles H. Lancaster, Charles H. Morrison, Horatio Nelson, Isaac 
L. Olmstead, Edward ('. Osborn, Hiram D. Raymond. George W. Sprague, Charles 
W. Stewart, William H. Stewart, Thomas Sullivan, Thomas B. Walker, James Warren. 
William C. Warren — 34. 

Co. B— Killed— Capt. Samuel W.Daggett; Lt. Albert G. Abbot; Sgt. Charles H. 
Whittier; Copls. Herbert Leadbetter, George F. Marquis; Pvts. William Alexander, 
William Allen, William Bartlett, Lysander Bragg, John Coffin, James A.Cole, Charles 
A. Colomy, Charles H. Daggett, Leander F. Elliot, John Frazier, Edward W. Gorham, 
James A. Grant, Alphonzo Miller, Daniel R. Mills, Jacob Mudgett, Hoyt R. Parks, 
Franklin S. Playze, William W. Pomroy, John S. Smith, William White, Joseph O. 
Ward — 26. 

Wounded— Lt. Andrew J. Hilton; Sgts. Herman P.Smith, William .\. Weiister, 
P'reeman D. Gove, William K. Nason; Copls. Calvin R. Billington, Isaiah B. Bolton, 
.Simeon A. Hapworth, George H. Robbins, Marion F. Tyler; Pvts. Harvey .\. Klanch- 
ard, David Braley, Nehemiah Brawn, Amos Burgess. Ferdinand C. Burr, Henry Cur- 
tis, Charles E. Dodge, George Emerson, Alphonzo Fletcher, Andrew E. Gates, Henry 
W. Hutchinson, Charles W. Johnson, John Keating, Joseph R. Langley, Joseph Le 
Belle, Charles E. Lovell, Henry A. Severance, Charles Stade, William W.Tib'-etts— 29. 

Co. C— Killed— Lt. Edward S. Foster; Sgt. Milton S. Beckwith; Copls. Geo. Kit- 
tredge, Arthur P. Hinkley; Art. James M. Parker; Pvts. Charles W. Allen, Nathan 
Brazier, Charles T. Clare, James S. Emerson, Isaiah Garland, Reuben (jragg, Jr., 
.Michael Lee, John M. Liscomb. William T. Lunt, .\lgernon Morgan, Joseph W. 
Nason, Lemuel .■\. Smith, Daniel (). Sullivan, James Williams — 19. 

Wounded— Sgts. Carlton M. Austm, James M. Smith, Hervey L. H.-istings. Frank 
T. Sargent; Copl. Eben F. Burns; Pvts William S. Butler, John H. Douglass, John 
M. Fogg, George G. Henries, Walter Jordan, William L. Miles, Nahum Murch, James 
F. Osgood, David Pottle, John A. Rodick, Charles II. Long, Asa Smith, John A. 
Smith, William Smith, William H. Stanley, Wellington Stratton — 21. 

Co. D — Killed — Lt. Thomas S. Drummond; Sgt. Frank S. Robinson; Copls. John 
Jackson, Horace W. Burleigh, Josiah E. Hurd, Sumner Tibbetts, .Albert C. Ellis; Art. 
Matthew Waters; Pvts. Charles H. .Austin, David Bishop, Charles F. Broad, George 
Brown, William C. Chamberlain, Jeremiah Cook, Adrian R. Drew, Otis Dunbar, 
William E. Dutton, Thomas Hatch, John S. Libby, Charles Parkhurst, Frank S. Pow- 
ers, Harvey H. Reed, Reuben W. Seavey — 23. 

Wounded — Lts. Henry E. Sellers, William A. Beckford; Sgts. William A. Howe, 
Henry M. Howe; Copls. Walter S. Gilman, George E. Johnson, James F. Robinson, 



14 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Corydon Ireland; Pvts. John Bowen, George H. Crosby, Thomas Donohue, William 
Dixon, Hiram Dulac, James W. Dutton, Sylvester Eaton, John Hanscom, Ebenezer 
D. Harlow, Nathan Knowlton, William Knowlton, Jr., Aaron Nason, Charles N. 
Smith, William Wallace — 22. 

Co. E— Killed— Lt. James W. Clark; Sgt. Samuel T. Hiscock; Pvts. Henry N. 
Cole, Willard G. Delano, Robert Higgins, William R. Kennerson, Lewis Lord, James 
R. Orne, Holman Staples, Lewis A. Sturtevant, George G. Thompson, Amos A. 
Withee, George S. Woodbury — 13. 

Wounded — Capt. Whiting S. Clark; Sgt. Dexter Goodwin; Copls. Charles J. 
House, William A. Fenlason. Samuel F. Tasker; Pvts. Levi I>. Curtis, John Fitzger- 
ald, David V. Fogg, William W. P. Foster, Charles A. Gates, James IL Gerrish, 
Stephen F. Harriman, Albert Hayes, Amos K. Hodgdon, Atwood Hilyard, William 
T. Newbit, Charles L. Patten, Henry W. Stearns, Cleaves C. Tracy — 19. 

Co. F — Killed — Lt. Gardner H. Ruggles; Sgt. James C. Gray; Pvts. Eugene Bur- 
rill, Augustus H. Corliss, Ransom C. Dodge, John F. Drew, Nathan D. Hanson, 
Edmund Jefferds, Charles Larrabee, Eugene Lord, Samuel H. Nason, Selden Rogers, 
Josiah Staples, Harrison R. Friend — 14. 

Wounded— Lt. George R. Fernald; Sgts. Stephen G. Waldron, Asa T. Wing, 
James Goodell, Jr.; Copls. Alonzo A. Orr, Simeon C. Whitcomb, Samuel E. Pray, 
Orville J. Dorman, Araunah Tracy, Stephen S. Sawyer; Pvts. Corydon C. Blackden, 
Goff >L Blackden, Lorenzo T. Davis, Robert C. DunafT, Michael Ford, Cyrus Heard, 
Henry Lord, James F". McKellar, John F. Montgomery, George J. Nickerson, Ezra 
Pattee, James J. Reeves, Dennis Sherburn, John W. Smith, Francis H. Snow, Martin 
V. Tripp, Thos. Wentworth — 27. 

Co. G — Killed — Capt. Frederick C. Howes; Lt. James W. Hall; Sgts. George W. 
Carr, Albert Leach, Joel K.Grant; Wag. John B. McCaslin; Art. Lyman Carley ; 
Pvts. Simeon E. Allen, William H. Betts, Jacob L. Cain, Jr., John C. Chandler, Asa 
Dore, Franklin Ellis, William C. Green, Nathan E. Gross, John F. Haynes, William 
\\. Heagan, William H. Jipson, Francis N. Leach, Aaron Saunders, Addison J. 
Strout, Moses B. Tolman, Joseph Uhr — 23. 

Wounded — Lt. James .\. Godfrey; Sgts. Rufus P. Peaks, Lewis M. Page, Hudson 
Sawyer; Copls. Charles L. Heywood, Lorenzo D. Perkins; Pvts. Daniel .\ustin' 
Joseph M. Batchelder, Charles H Bonsey, Norman S. Brown, Asa Batchelder, Nathan 
E. Burton, John B. Craig, Joseph M. Currier, Greenlief P. Curtis, Edmund N. Davis, 
Samuel T. Davis, Ezra H. Dodge, Everett Dodge, Frank B. Dore, James E. Fulton^ 
Floriman D. Furbish, Howard M. Gilley, Isaac B. Goodwin, Edwin W. Gould, Josiah 
M. Gowdy, George P. Hooper, John M. Houston, Irving C. Jackson. Seneca E. 
Keene, Edwin L. Ladd, Alonzo Libby, Gilbert L. Lurvey, John Marsh, Cornelius 
Meehan, Gilman Pike, Henry H. Sleeper, Stephen Thurston, Jesse Tibbetts, Minot 
Tolman, .\ar"n E. Williams — 41. 

Co. H— Killed — Lts. William R. Newenham, Allan E. Barry; Sgt. Alvin C. Casey; 
Copls. .Samuel H.Bussell, Horatio P.Nash. Benjamin N. Tucker; Pvts. Andrt-w F- 
Blyther, George W. Burk, William H. Gates, Richard Cannon, llillman Foss, Je emiah 
Gray, Henry W. Grant, Warren L. Hall, Samuel Hart, Calvin P. Holway, William G. 
Jackson, Leonard W. Lee, James A. Nash, John F. Norton, Howard M. Siration, 
George W. Tueslcy, Austin W. Whiitier — 23. 

Wounded— Capt. Harrison G. Smith; Lt. John A. Lancy; Sgts. Jonathan Pineo, 
George H. Coffin, Joseph W. Worster ; Copls. Charles H. Sawyer, Leverett C. Bridg- 



LOSSES OF THE HEAVY ARTILLERY. 15 

ham, Calvin Farnsworth, Elias Grirtin, Aaron \V, Kelley; I'vts. Justus Adams, Moses 
N. H. Haker, Daniel S. Bunker, Elijah C. Clark, Benjamin Cousens, William Dobbins, 
Jr., Kdwanl J. Donald, Everett W. Drisko, Jeremiah Durgan, George A. Estes, Ceorge 
L. Fitzgerald, Benjamin T. (ienthner, Benjamin M. Gilman, Jason Leighton, Rufus 
P. Sinclair, Converse Thomas, Samuel A. Thomas, William W. Warren, Nathan B. 
Watson, Benjamin Weaver, tJeorge M. Willey, Joseph F. Wakefield — 32. 

Co, I — Killed — Capt. Andrew J. Jacquith; Lt. Samuel W. Crowell; Sgt. Adelhert 

F. Sproule; Cupl. Rulus Cross; I'vts. Charles S. Bunker, Benjamin F. Cilley, Frank 
L. Dearborn, George W. Doe, James G. Dudley, James II. Harrison, James A. Hath- 
away, Job Kelley, Joseph H. Meader, Anson C. Merrill, Zina Michael, Jr., Walter S. 
Malbon, Jerome Mitchell, Thomas Neddo, Ira Scott, .\lbert Tucker, Daniel W. 
Tucker, Alexander \'eancou, Elisha Whit'aker — 23. 

Wounded — Sgts Benjamin M. Foss, .Vlbert Guppy; Copls. Chesley L. Metcalf, 
Edward J. Milton, Charles W. Southard; Wag. Charles Mercer; I'vts. .\lvin S. 
Archer, Ephraim L. Brown, John D. Cole, William Doane, Calvin Douglass, Edmund 
M. Erskine, James A. Farr;ir, Siillman Guppy, Calvin L. Hutchins, James S. Jewett, 
Alvin Overlock, William T. Partridge, Winthrop Shirland, Horatio Tibbetts — 20. 

Co. K — Killed — C^opl. John Johnson, Jr.; Pvts. Israel P. Benner, John Byrne, 
Timothy Collins, Edward Crowell, Sylvanus G. Lincoln, Samuel G. McCuUough, 
Frederic W. Patterson, James Sears, Thomas Walton — 10. 

Wounded — Lts. Hugh F. Porter, Lucius B. Gibson, Hiram F". Swett; -Sgts. Calvin 
R. Gardner, John T. Ward, Enoch L. Hanscomb; Copls. Abijah Ayer, Edgar M. 
Johnson, James \N'. Huntley; Art. George W. Howe; Pvts. John Barrell, John W. 
Bugbee, Flias Brewster, Jesse Brown, .\lonzo J. W. S. Cook, John E. Corbet, Moses 
P. Corson, Enoch S. Crosby, John H. Dearborn, Horace E. Ellis, Horace W. Getchell, 
Robert II. Gibson, Hiram Farley, George Hunter, David S. Jewell, Barnett X. Jewell, 
P^dward J. Kernin, William B. Kief, Patrick McCarthy, Gustavus Malm<|uist, James C. 
Motz, Raymond P. .Mot/., Ezekiel Merrithew, Patrick O'Xeil, John Robinson, F,ph- 
raim W. Steward, Thomas Toohey— 37. 

Co. L — Killed — Lt. Horatio N. P. Spoon r; Sgt. Charles. C. Morse; Copls. (George 
C. Cross, Richard B. Creas y; Pvts. Kingsbury W. Bowley, Otis B. Boynton, Daniel 

G. Foster, Edward Hamor, Stephen Harris, William King, Winslow H. Mclntire, 
Willard Merriam, Lo(jiiiis T. Nickerson, Aloert J. Osgood, Alfred P. Patterson, Henry 
K. Patterson, Charles E. PrescoU, Wiili.im F. Rideout, Emery O. Runnels, Charles W. 
Sanderson, Omar Shaw, Nathan S. StanHy, Isaac E. Stevens, Oscar Storer, George \. 
Tibbetts— 25. 

Wounded — Lts. Thomas Foster, George J. Brewer; Sgts. .\biathar J. Knowles, 
Aurelius H. Patterson; CopN. John H. Bmwn, William D. Dixon, Robert A. Martin; 
Pvts. Willard Andrews, .\lvah Babl)i(Ige, George M. Brown, William Berry, John H. 
Booker, John F. Boynton, Charles F". Cowan, James S. Crocker, William Dilling, 
James W. Hall, David B. Hamor, Moses G. Howard, Thornton McD. Howard. Wm. 
Judkins, Russell L. Knight, Frank Lancaster, Rufus P. Patterson, Alfred K. Paul, 
Nathan W. Pratt, Horace Tibbetts, Charles Wiley — 28. 

Co. M — Kdled — Copls. Edward E. Jennison, Andrew J. Knowles; Pvts. Thomas J. 
Bickmore, Levi Glidden, Nathan Higgins, Jr., Eilwin G. Minot, John A. Poor, Edwin 
Stanton — 8. 

Wounded— Lt. Albert P. Eastman; Sgt. Daniel W. Pettengill; Copl. John C. 
Grover; Pvts. Erastus Adams, Josiah P. Bradbury, George E. Card, Philip C. Keith, 



16 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Frederick Ordway, Ferdinand Palmer, Luther F. Rolf, Charles F. Runnels, Hosea H- 
Sherburn, Frederick Stanhope, Virgil D. Sweetland, Edwin White, Axel Woodbury — 16. 

LOSSES AT JERUSALEM PLANK ROAD, JUNE 22, 1864. 

Co. A — Wounded — Pvts. Philander W. Rowell, Albert Spearing, George W. Tucker 

— 3- 

Prisoners — Pvts. Noah Cross, Arthur F. Howard — 2. 

Co. B— Wounded— Pvts. Richard P. McGrath, John A. Whittier— 2. 

Prisoner — Pvt. Ezra R. Reed — i. 

Co. C— Wounded— Pvt. Oscar Kimball— i. 

Prisoners — Copl. John G. Remick; Pvts. Alanson Bennett, Sewall A. Bunker, 
James M. Stratton — 4. 

Co. D — Prisoners — Pvts. Hosea B. Perkins, Charles A. Peavy — 2. 

Co. E — Wounded — Sgt. George W. Labree — i. 

Prisoners — Pvts. Joseph S. Church, William S. Randlett — 2. 

Co. F — Wounded — Pvt. Joseph Appleton — i. 

Co. G— Wounded— Pvt. Charles B. Gilley— i. 

Prisoners — Copls. John Ames, Charles A. Jackson; Pvts.Eben W. Johnson, Uriah B. 
Leach — 4. 

Co. K— Killed— Sgt. Robert Smith— I. 

Wounded — Pvt. Archibald McKenzie — i. 

Prisoner — Sgt. Robert Smith — i. 

Co. L — Wounded — Sgt. George E. Dodge — i. 

Prisoners — Sgts. Joseph A. Burlingame; Pvt. Marcus M Alley — 2. 

Co. M — Wounded — Sgt. Byron W. Murphy; Pvts. James H. Buck, Philonas K. 
Martin, Charles H. Philbrick — 4. 

Prisoners — .\rt. Samuel R. Cromwell; Pvts. Stephen N. Barker, Thomas B. Drys- 
dale, Franklin Ware — 4. 

LOSSES AT DEEP BOTTOM. AUCJ. I4-18, 1 864. 

Field and Staff— Killed— Col. Daniel Chaplin— i. 

Co. E— Killed— Pvt. David O. Pollard— i. 

Wounded — Sgt. Dexter Goodwin; Pvts. George E. Ball, Sullivan Ellis — 3. 

Co. F — Wounded — Copl. Stephen S. Sawyer; Pvt Samuel E. Pray — 2. 

LOSSES IN PICKET LINE SKIRMISH, SEPT. 9, 1864. 

Co. A — Prisoner — Copl. Randall M. Davis — i. 

Co. G — Prisoners — Mus. James A. Smith; Pvt. Asa Batchelder — 2. 

Co. H — Prisoner — Copl. Warren T. Small — I. 

Co. K — Prisoner — Sgt. Edward B. Kilby — i. 

Co. M — Prisoner — Wag. Joel A. Dorr — i. 

LOSSES AT SQUIRREL LEVEL ROAD, OCT. 2, 1864. 

Co. A — Wounded — Pvt. Andrew Hooper — I. 

Co. C — Killed — Pvt. James H. Grover — i. 

Co. D — Killed— Copl. Rodolphus \. Tufts— i. 

Prisoner — Pvt. Charles A. Jones — i. 

Co. F— Killed— Pvts. Owen D. Bradford, Charles H. Maddocks— 2. 

Wounded — Pvt. Amos E. Hardy — i. 

Co. H — Wounded — Pvt. Converse Thomas — i. 



LOSSES OF THE HEAVY ARTILLERY. 17 

Co. L — Killed — Pvt. Isaac Adams — i. 

Wounded — Pvt. John Rigelow — i. 

Co. M— Wounded — Pvt. James M. Bryant— i. 

LOSSES AT BOYUTON ROAD, OCT. 27, 1 864. 

Qo. .\— Killed- Pvt, Roger Connelly— i. 

Wounded -Sgts. Thomas B. Gifford, Joseph W. Knights — 2. 

Prisoners — Sgt. Thomas B. Gifford; Pvt. Roger Connelly — 2. 

Co. B — Killed — Pvt. Leander N'ickery i. 

Co. C — Killed — Pvt. Luther Kingsman — i. 

Wounded— Lf. Carltan M. Austin; Sgt. Prank J. Sargent; Pvt. Owen O'Neil — 3. 

Prisoner— Owen O'Neil — i. 

Co. D — Wounded— Art. Amaziah Billings; Pvts. Hiram G. Bolton, Benjamin W. 
Hinton — 3. 

Prisoners — Art. Amaziah Billings; Pvt. Hiram G. Bolton — 2. 

Co. E — Wounded— Lt. Frank A. Clark; Pvts. Peter Pelkie, Benjamin W. Rollins, 
Osborn Weeman — 4. 

Prisoner — Peter Pelkie — i. 

Co. F — Wounded— Pvt. Sanford Annis — I. 

Prisoner — Pvt. Oliver P. Hodgdon — i. 

Co. G — Killed — Sgt. Lorenzo D. Perkins; Pvt. Freeman S. Hancock — 2. 

Co. H— Wounded— Lt. Ira M. Bowers— i. 

Co. I — Killed — P^•t. Lorenzo Warren — i. 

Wounded — Pvts. Francis M. Archer, George E. Tibbetts — 2. 

Prisoners — Lorenzo Warren, Francis M. Archer — 2. 

Co. K — Wounded — Sgt. David Wilbur; Pvt. Ezra Dean — 2. 

Prisoners — Sgt. I)avid Wilbur; Pvt. Ezra Dean — 2. 

Co. L — Killed — Copls. George C. Knowles, Virgil D. Bowley — 2. 

Co. M— Killed— Pvt. Elias Chick— I. 

Wounded — Pvts. Charles Conery, Josiah M. W^hittier — 2. 

LOSS ON WELDON RAID, DEC. 8, 1 864. 

Co. F — Prisoner — Sgt. Luther K. Patten — i. 
Co. H — Prisoner — Sgt .Augustus P. Nash — i. 

LOSSES IN FORT HELL AND VICINITY, SUMMER AND FALL OF 1864. 

Co. .\ — Wounded — Pvt<. Ilira n F. Savige, Fran is .\. sulliva' — 2. 
Co. B— Wouti 'ed — W.ijj. < hatles W. J mes— I. 
Co. C— Kill d-Pvt. Daniel Jclliv)n-i. 
Wounded — Pvts. Widard O. Fnjitf, \\illi\m II. St.uiL-y-2. 
Co. D— Killed -Pvt. Emerv W IhUch— i. 
Wounded — Copls. Frank R. Leach, Calvm Kirk — 2. 
Prisoner — Pvt. Chaile-. A. Jones — i. 
Co. E — Killed — Pvt. James A. Barnes — i. 

Wiiundcd — Pvts. Elisha H. Adams, Elbridge 3. Frost, Osborn Weeman, Henry II. 
Luf km — 4. 



Ig THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Co. G — Killed— J'vt. James \V. Lunt— i. 

Co. I — Wounded— Pvt. Joel F. Brown— i . 

Co. K — Killed — Pvts. John Cambridge, Thomas H. Woodman — 2. 

Co. L — Wounded — Pvts. Heman Case, John V. Maxfield — 2. 

Co. M — Wounded — Pvts. Charles K. Dunn, .\lfred Iloyt— 2. 

LOSSES AT HATCHERS RUN, MARCH 25, 1 865. 

Co. A- Wounded— Pvts. John Miller, James Warren — 2. 
Co. B — Wounded — Pvt. Joseph Jordan — i. 
Co. C — Wounded — Pvt. Jeremiah Harrington — i. 
Co. D— Killed— Pvt. James Morrill— I. 
Wounded — Pvt. Robert A. Webster — i. 
Prisoner — Pvt. Henry H. Frost — i. 
Co. F — Killed — Pvt. Loomis J. Felker — i. 
Wounded — Sgt. Orrin Houston — i. 
Co. G— Wounded— Pvt. Wilbur H Eldridge— i 

Co. H— Wounded— Copl. Robert L. Willey ; Pvts. Newell Davis, Israel .Sweet— 3. 
Co, I — Killed — Capt. Samuel J. Oakes; Pvt. Moses Davis — 2. 
Prisoners — Pvts. James Davis, Moses Davis, Erastus F. P^mery, William Harlow, Jr., 
Samuel P. Soule, Augustus Young — 6. 

Co. M— Wounded— Pvt. William F. Butters— 1. 

LO.SSES NEAR FIVE FORKS, MARCH 3I, 1865. 

Co. A— Killed— Pvt. John M. Steward— i. 
Co. E— Wounded— Pvt. Elijah Dow— i. 

LOSSES AT SAILORS CREEK, APRIL 6, 1865. 

Co. A — Wounded— Pvt. William W. Scott— i. 

Co. B— Wounded— Pvts. Albert Clements. William H. Welch— 2. 

Co. C— Wounded — Pvts. John L. Emery. James F. Osgood. Calvin J. .'>argent — 3. 

Co. D— Wounded— Copl. Stephen M. Bickford— i. 

Co. E— Killed— Pvt. Henry A. Evans— 1. 

Wounded — Sgt. Alpheus Rowell; Copl. David W. ,\dams, Pvts. David V. Fogg, 
Francis O. Nichols, John Saul — 5. 

Co. F — Wounded — Lt. John X. Batchelder; Copl. Edwin K. Stuart; Pvts. Herbert 
C. Arey, David A. Legrow — 4. 

Co. H — Wounded — Pvt. Rufus S. .Sinclair — i. 

Co. I — Wounded — Copl. Edmund C. Pars )ns; Pvt. George B. McKechnie — 1. 

Co. K— Killed— .\lonzo J. W. S. Cook— i. 

Wounded — Pvt. John P. Sprague — i. 

Co. M — Killed — Ferdinand Palmer — i. 

Wounded — Pvts. Oliver W. Bates, James .\1. Bryant — 2. 

LOSSES AT FAKMVlLl.i:, APRIL 7, 1865. 

Co. G — Wounded — Copl. John Murphy — i. 
Co. H — Wounded — Pvt. Robert Goodwin — i. 



AN OLD BLUE CAP. 



19 



S mining up the al>uve gives the fulluvving in killed, wuunded and prisoners : 



Spottsylvaniii 

Milfurd Station 

\orth Anna 

Hanover Town 

Tolopotinny 

Cold Harbor 

Petersburg, June i6.. 
Petersburg, June 17- • 
Petersliur^, June iS.. 
Jerusalem Plank road- 

Deep Itottom 

Picket skirmish 

Squirrel Level road • . . 

Hoydton road 

Weldon raid 

Fort Hell 

Hatcher's Run 

Kive P'orks 

Sailors' Creek 

Farmville 



Totals . 



152 
I 
I 



2 
I 

5 
9 
221 
I 
2 



423 



321 

5 



5 

17 

«9 

17 

328 

»5 

5 



65 



475 
3 
6 

3 

9 

25 

24 

26 

549 

38 

7 

6 

II 

40 

2 

23 
22 

2 

25 
2 



1,298 



An Old Blue Cap. 

BY KENDALL POLLARD OF CO. K. 

There's a cap in the closet, old tattered and blue, 
Of very slight value it may be to you ; 
Hut a crown, jewel-studded, could not buy it to-day, 
With its letters of honor, brave " Company K." 

Bright eyes have looked calmly its visor beneath, 
O'er the mark of the reaper, grim harvester death. 
Let the muster roll meagre so mournfuPy say 
How foremost in danger was "' Company K." 

Who faltered or shivered? Who shunned battle stroke? 
Whose fire was uncertain? Whose battle-line broke? 
Go ask it of history, years from to-day 
.\nd the record shall tell you, not " Company K." 

Though my darling is sleeping to-day with the dead 
.\nd daisies and clover bloom over his head, 
I smile through my tears as I lay it away, 
That liattle-worn cap lettered " Company K.'' 



20 THE MAINE BUGLE. 



Side Lights 

ON THE BATTLE OF THE FIRST MAINE HEAVY ARTLLEKY OF MAY I9TH. 

Col. Walker in his history of the Fourth Maine Volunteers, 
says : " Our train had been guarded by the Maine and Massachu- 
setts heavy artillery regiments, acting as infantry. It was being 
parked, and the guards had moved to a fine spot and stacked 
arms, when the rebel General Rhodes' division issued from the 
woods and attacked the rear of the train. The newly arrived 
regiments were close at hand and attacked recklessly, driving 
back the enemy and holding them in check, but meeting with 
severe losses. I was moving to the flank and rear of the enemy, 
with the determination to fight " for all we were worth," and in 
three minutes more we would have been engaged, but an aid 
brought an order from Gen. Birney, who was as usual at the 
rear, for me to withdraw from the woods to the open field, At 
this time the first brigade was to the left, on the enemy's right; 
the Maine " heavies " were engaged at their front, and if Birney 
had permitted us to attack as I desired, we would have destroyed 
the rebel force or captured it. I reluctantly withdrew to the 
field as ordered, and was assigned by Birney 's adjutant to a 
position to the right and front of the troops that had been 
engaged. The enemy retired and fighting ceased. 

I knew full well that the enemy were leaving, and called at 
division headquarters several times during the night to get per- 
mission to advance and attack, but the general was sleeping 
soundly, his staff officers refused to have him disturbed, and I 
dared not take the responsibihly without orders. At three 
o'clock I found the general awake, preferred my request, 
received orders, and both brigades advanced. The main body 
of the enemy had gone, leaving a strong rear guard and many 
non-resistant stragglers. Five hundred willing prisoners fell 
into our hands, our brigade turning over two hundred and sev- 
enty-five." 



SIDE LIGHTS. 21 

Gen. Humphrey writes : " On the 17th of May, Brig. -Gen. R. 
O. Tyler, with a temporary division of heavy artillery regiments 
serving as infantry, and the Corcoran Legion, joined the Second 
Corps, making an addition to it. General Hancock says, of 
8,000 men. General Tyler was assigned to the command of 
one of Gibbon's brigades." — Virginia Campaign of 1864-5 — 
Humphrey, p. 109. 

"Gen. Ewell was directed by General Lee on the nineteenth 
to demonstrate in his front to ascertain whether the Army of 
the Potomac was moving to his, Lee's, right, as he believed it to 
be. General Ewell says that to accomplish this he moved with 
his corps around on our right by a detour of several miles, on 
roads impassable for artillery, when he came upon us prepared 
to receive him— his force 6,000. Our position being developed 
and his object obtained, he was about to retire, he says, when 
he was attacked. Part of his line, he continues, was shaken, 
but Pegram's and Ramseur's brigades held their ground so 
firmly that he maintained his position till nightfall, when he 
withdrew unmolested ; that his loss was about nine hundred 
killed, wounded, and missing. 

Ramseur (whose account is the only one I find besides that 
of General Ewell) says that his brigade was in front, that their 
movement was discovered, and that he then attacked with his 
brigade and drove the enemy rapidly, and with severe loss, until 
his flanks were enveloped, when he retired two hundred yards 
and formed, Grime's brigade on his left. Battle's on his right; 
but that Gordon's division on their left being flanked, retreated, 
and the whole line was compelled to fall back, when it was 
repeatedly attacked by a heavy force until night, when it quietly 
and safely withdrew. Kersaw's division held Ewell's intrench- 
ments while he was absent. The force encountered by Ewell 
was Kitching's brigade and General Tyler's division, posted on 
the Fredericksburg road in the vicinity of the Harris house. 
Colonel Kitching, on the left of Tyler, perceived indications of 
the movement in the course of the afternoon, and precautions 
were taken to meet it. The firing began about half-past five 
o'clock, and it being heavy. General Hancock was at once 



22 THF. MAINE BUGLE. 

directed by General Meade to send a division in double-quick 
to Tyler, and to hold his corps read}' to nio\e up. General 
Warren, being the nearest at hand, was directed to send some 
troops over, and the Maryland brigade sent b\- him got to the 
ground in time to take an acti\e and effective part in the fight. 
The First Maryland regiment, returning from Fredericksburg, 
had at once, without waiting for orders, joined in the attack on 
Tyler's right. 

General Hancock ordered up Birney's division in double- 
quick, directed Barlow and Gibbon to be ready to follow, and 
went himself to the ground, where he found Tyler's division 
" fiercely engaged " with the enemy in front of the Fredericks- 
burg road. As soon as General Birney's troops arrived two o^ 
his brigades were thrown into action on Tyler's right, but the 
severity of the action was already over. Gen. Crawford of the 
Fifth Corps, arrived shortly after Birne)-, about dark, and was 
formed in support of Kitching and the Maryland brigade on the 
left. 

The fighting, General Hancock says, continued obstinate until 
about nine o'clock, when the enemy gave way, retreating rap- 
idly across the Ny. The loss of the enemy in killed and 
wounded was severe, and about four hundred prisoners fell into 
our hands. This was the first engagement Tyler's troops had 
taken part in, and they acquitted themselves handsomely, he 
says. Gen. Early says that his whole corps was held ready to 
co-operate with Ewell, should his attack prove successful, and 
that, to create a division in his favor, Thomas' brigade was 
thrown forward. It made a demonstration on Gen. Cutler's 
front so far as to drive in the pickets on his right flank." — Idem, 
pp. I 12-13-14. 




Dr. HENRY C. LEVENSALER, 

Surgeon 8th Me. Inf. and Bvt. Col. U. S. Vols. 

Thomaston, Me. 



EARLY SERVICES OF THE EIGHTH MAINE. 23 



Early Services of the Eig-hth Maine. 



HY KENUAI.L POLLAKl) (il CO. K. 



At the call of President Lincoln in 1861 for three hundred 
thousand men for three years, or during the war, the Eighth 
Maine Regiment sprang into existence, and the first of Septem- 
ber, 1861, found the regiment ready to go forward. It left 
Maine September 7th, 1861, with the following named officers 
in command : Colonel Lee Strickland, Lieut. Col. John D. 
Rust, Major Joseph S. Rice, Adjutant James Dingley, jr., 
Quartermaster Augustus H. Strickland, Surgeon Paul M. Fisher, 
Assistant Surgeon Jonathan S. Houghton, Chaplain Henry C. 
Henries; Co. A, Capt. Ephraim W. Woodman, ist Lieut. Aus- 
tin S. Bump, 2d Lieut. John M. Adams; Co. B, Capt. Joseph 
F. Twitchell, ist Lieut. Charles C. Perry, 2d Lieut. Luther B. 
Rodgers ; Co, C, Capt. John C. Bryant, ist Lieut. Isaac H. 
McDonald, 2d Lieut. William H. Timberlake; Co. D, Capt. 
Henry Boynton, ist Lieut. Franklin E. Gray, 2d Lieut. John 
R. Sprague; Co. E, Capt. Thomas Hutchins, ist Lieut, Thomas 
S. Hutchins, 2d Lieut. Isaac A. Phillips; Co. F, Capt. John 
Heminway, ist Lieut. Alonzo E. Kimball, 2d Lieut. John w. 
Roberts; Co. G, Capt. Augustus A. Hoyt, Ist Lieut. Wilbur F. 
Lane, 2d Lieut. Edwin B. Bates; Co. H, Capt. John F. Milli- 
ken, 1st Lieut Edward A. True, 2d Lieut. Charles P2. Howard; 
Co. I, Capt. William M. McArthur, Ist Lieut. Charles H. Rob- 
inson, 2d Lieut. John E. McUrda ; Co. K, Capt. John Conant, 
1st. Lieut. Henry Brawn, 2d Lieut. Hillman Smith, making ten 
good companies of men and officers as ever left the State ; and 
no State in the Union shows a better record for gallantry in the 
war than the Pine Tree State. Its soldiers never faltered, never 
shrank from any known duty. 

At Hampstead Plains, L. I. , we remained three days, thence 
to Washington where we arrived Monday morning just at break 



24 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

of day. While marching through the streets of Baltimore in 
the night, we could hear the rebels yell " down with the Yanks," 
" shoot them," but no hand was raised for the)' had not forgot- 
ten the Massachusetts troops. VV'e laid in the streets of Wash- 
ington all day until nearly dark, and then marched to East 
Capitol street where we pitched our tents. Up to this time we 
had received no arms, but in a day or two were supplied. 
Then began our manual drill. We remained only one week, 
then to Annapolis, Md., where we did provost duty for two 
weeks, when we were shipped on the steamship Aerial and sent 
to Fortress Monroe. We lay in Hampton Roads a week, saw 
a large fleet of steamships and gunboats steam in and anchor, 
all loaded with troops. The war ship Wabash was the most 
active. Officers rowed back and forth all of the time. It 
dawned on our minds that our destination was south. After a 
week's delay, one morning in October the signal flew from the 
Wabash and we all started out of the harbor. It was a splen- 
did sight — nearly thirty sail and steamsnips moving at the same 
time. The fleet went forward grandly until off Hatteras, when 
we encountered a heavy storm. For two days and nights, 
November second and third, our fate hung trembling in the 
shock of the seas. The fleet was scattered, the waves rolled 
mountains high, but the Aerial breasted well the storm. Men 
and officers were seasick ; one captain said to his lieutenant 
during the storm, " I should like to know where we are going," 
to which the lieutenant replied, " It looks like down to Hades." 
We knew not who had command of the land forces or the 
naval fleet, nor where bound, but one night, November fifth, 
just at dark we ran into Port Royal Harbor, S. C , and were 
saluted with a few shots from some small crafts. The Aerial 
was the first of the fleet. The next morning all of the fleet 
arrived, and after resting two or three days for the men of the 
gunboats to get everything ready, on the morning of November 
eighth, the Wabash led off" and five other war ships followed, in 
a wide circle in Port Royal river pouring a broadside of fire as 
their guns bore on the East Fort and another volley of fire as 
the West Fort came into range. The engagement lasted from 



EARLY SERVICES OF THE EIGHTH MAINE. 25 

nine o'clock A. M. until four o'clock P. M., then the troops 
landed. It was an inspiring sight for us on the steamship Aerial 
as the naval fight was in full view ; none of us who saw it will 
ever forget it. We were a happy set of men to be on land 
once more as our appetites never rallied from the vast upheaval 
of the seas off Cape Hatteias. We found the land forces were 
in command of Gen. Sherman, and were divided into three 
brigades. The Eighth was in the first brigade, with the Third 
New York, Seventh Connecticut, Forty-seventh and Forty- 
eighth New York, our brigade commander being Gen. E. G. 
Viele of New York, and that we were at Hilton Head or Port 
Royal, S. C, (known by both names) and that the naval vessels 
were under Commodore Dupont. In a day or so we were sent 
into the woods to cut timber to erect a large wharf so the boats 
could land. The Maine men were selected because they were 
familiar with the use of the axe, and knew how to handle tim- 
ber. From the ranks you could always detail men qualified to 
make a watch or to perform all kinds of work, carpenter, 
machinist, millwright, boiler-maker, or men educated to con- 
struct a railroad or run a locomotive. Then men with spades 
and picks begun extensive fortifications to render the place safe 
from the attack of the enemy. This hard, monotonous work 
continued and the only incidents to vary its dullness were the 
resignation and promotion of officers in the regiment. Col. 
Strickland resigned, Major Rice left and John Rust was made 
colonel ; Capt. Joseph Twitchell lieutenant colonel, Capt. Wood- 
man major. H. C. Henries, chaplain, also resigned; Capt. John 
Conant had resigned, and Lieut. Brawn was made captain. 
Some other changes were made but nearly thirty years have 
passed and many things of those early days are forgotten. We 
worked at Port Royal till into January, then the different com- 
panies were sent out to build breastworks on the other islands 
for the purpose of taking Fort Puluski, which controlled the 
mouth of the Savannah river. Early this year Gen. Sherman 
left us and Gen. Hunter took command, while Gen. Gilmore 
had charge of the forces building breastworks on the Tybee. 
The Eighth worked on Mud, Bird, Awfuskie and Tybee islands, 



26 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

building fortifications and mounting guns. It was an unhealthy 
locality, the water was so bad to drink and the men obliged to 
work in the mud until the tide drove them ofi", and then wait 
near by to be ready when the tide left. On Tybee the men had 
to build up places to sleep on, the ground was so damp and the 
snakes so abundant and large. The regiment landed on Tybee 
the first of February, 1862, and remained there until after the 
capture of Fort Pulaski. The Eighth helped build the batteries 
and mount the guns, and worked them during the bombard- 
ment of the fort, which lasted all one day and part of the next 
when the white flag was hoisted at four o'clock P. M. the typical 
day of April 9th, 1862. A detachment of the Eighth with its 
colors went over and hoisted the stars and stripes, which now 
wave so proudly from every public building and from every 
school house through our land. A few days after the capture 
of Fort Pulaski Chaplain Philbrook came to us and was gladly 
welcomed by the boys. 



Cavaliers at Cedar Mountain. 

The h'irst Rhode Island Cavalry held their reunion this year 
on the ninth of August, the thirty-first anniversary of the battle 
of Cedar Mountain (August 9th, 1862) — the first engagement 
in which many of our comrades took part. A very interesting 
feature of this reunion was the reading of the following poem, 
written for the occasion, by Rev. Frederic Denison, A. M., 
chaplain of the regiment, entitled " Cavaliers at Cedar Moun- 
tain," which the genial chaplain has kindly furnished for publi- 
cation in the BUGLE : 

.Again we hear the bugles blow, 

And don our sabres and our spurs; 
Comes back afresh the long ago 

That warmly every bosom stirs. 

Some heads are bald ; all locks are gra;' ; 

The print of one and thirty years 
We bear since our hot battle-day 

At Cedar Mountain, which appears 



CAVALIERS AT CEDAR MOUNTAIN. 27 

With flaming face and ihunclcrous sound 

As if it were Imt yesterday : 
And so we tread the crimson j;round 

And share again the desperate fray. 

That summer morn was cahn and bright. 

And gentle dew was on the plain; 
The mountain stood serene in might, 

And lields were k)aded with their grain. 

But ere the sun that day went down, 

How changed and marred was nature's face 
.\s if beneath some demon's frown, 

Whose foot left naught of beauty's trace. 

Battalions gather on the hills, 

The horsemen spur from side to side, 
At length the hoit the valley lills, 

When sudden breaks the martial tide. 

Our squadrons met the opening fire — 

The hail of hot and howling shell, 
As if the heavens had burst with ire, 

And fully sounded doomsday's knell, 

The mountain belched from rebel throats; 

Hot were the guns that sent reply; 
Horrific were the missiles' notes, 

Like meteors sereeching through the sky. 

We held our guidons 'mid the smoke. 

While bursting shot flew thick o'erhead, 
And felt the fiery battle-stroke 

That strewed the valley with the dead. 

There sleep our comrades in their blood, 

Who died with sabre strong in hand, 
Who at their posts unfalterinj^ stood 

To do our country's high command. 

As billows, lifted by a gale, 

Roll on in rage with bellowing note. 
So warrior-waves stretched through the vale 

And full armed hosts together smote. 

.\while eclipsed the summer sun 

By heavy, surging battle-cloud 
Of dust and smoke, inmixed and dun. 

As though the heavens together bowed. 

How splintered by the shot and shell 

The mansion house midway the field. 
Whose inmates, as the hail stones tell, 

Fled to the cellar as their shield. 



28 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Again we hear the bugle calls 

From mountain summit echoed back, 

While sulphurous clouds arose as palls 
To veil the struggling army's track. 

When charged the rebel infantry, 
They met a burning wave of shot 

From our alert artillery — 
Their corses left to mark the spot. 

What though our flag was battle-torn, 
We held it firmly in the storm; 

Nor ever standard braver borne, 
Or soldiers moved in truer form. 

When midnight mantle shut the day 
And hushed the raging battle-greed. 

Dead men and dying horses lay 
For mercy's ministries to plead. 

With twenty thousand 'gainst Banks' eight, 
Still Jackson ordered wise retreat 

Across the Rapidan in flight. 
There for a better day to wait. 

Who can forget those long trench-graves 
Dug in the valley cannon plowed. 

Filled with the forms of Freedom's braves, 
Their uniforms their only shroud. 

We see the buzzards hovering o'er. 
That smelt the carnage from afar, 

Swift hasting to the feast of gore — 
The black-winged scavengers of war. 

And we who faced the battle-blaze 
With brothers who in action fell. 

Can best declare their meed of praise, 
And their heroic conduct tell — 

How firm they stood for right and God 
Where piercing lead and iron hailed. 

And, spite the tide of fire and blood, 
In patriot courage never failed. 

We sing a single battle-flame 

Of those that filled four burning years 

And indicate the proper claim 
Of Freedom's gallant cavaliers. 

Our spurs were on the flaming front 
Till treason bowed its guilty head; 

We shared the closing battle-brunt 
When Sheridan our sabres led. 




Col. HENRY C. LOCKWOOD 

Aide decamp to General Ames. 

New York City. 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 29 

Let proud Virginia boast her knights 

Obedient to her bugle blast; 
An overmatch in raids and tights 

She found the Yankee blades at last. 

Confederates gained their dark renown 

In planning their l)arbaric power; 
They drew, from heaven, the lightning down 

That left them neither wall nor tower 

All southern soil is richer now 

That slain is demon slavery, 
And broad upon our Union's l)row 

Sharp swords imprinted Liberty. 

Thus we review our battle-day. 

And once more rally round our P'lag 
That holds triumphant, peaceful sway 
P'rom ocean-wave to mountain-crag. 

That August day! how well we know; 

Deep in our thoughts, it cannot die; 
On History's page it long shall glow 

In proof of quenchless bravery. 

No more we hear the bugles bray 

Adown the vale to call the tight; 
.\11 fields, for harvests, bloom to-day 

And joyful drink the summer light. 



A Man from Maine. 

A TRUE HISTORY OF THE ARMY .VF FORT FISHER. 

FY COLONEL HENRY C. LOCKWOOD. 

With the ex'ception of the naval engagement between the 
" Monitor" and the "Merrimac" and the sea-fight between the 
" Kearsarge " and the " Alabama," there was no event of the 
Civil VV^ar, in which the navy bore part, so brilliant in action 
and so significant in result as the capture of Fort Fisher, for it 
shut off the Confederacy from Europe, and in this way did 
much in causing the surrender of the Southern armies. 

This strangely isolated battle, in which a combined army and 
navy force attacked an immense work defended by its garrison 
alone, has many features that are scarcely known in the annals 



30 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

of modern warfare. Still, this most brilliant and dramatic event 
was largely overshadowed by the great closing battles of the 
long contest, and even at this late day new explanations are set 
forth to show that it is one thing to storm such a fort and get 
possession of one of its bastions with several traverses, and quite 
another to capture the garrison that defends the interior of 
such a stronghold inch b\- inch for seven long hours. 

As a participant in both the successful and unsuccessful expe- 
ditions against this famous fort, having ser\'ed on the staft" of 
Brevet Major-General Adelbert Ames, who commanded the 
division of attack, I held a position that enabled me to know 
what happened at this time, and to form as I think a correct 
judgment on many questions that have arisen since the capture. 
I believe that each one who took part in the leading battles, 
sieges, and expeditions of the war should state the facts as they 
appear to him. in order that truths of history maybe developed ; 
not to foment controversy, but to aid those who wish to learn 
the true history of those times. With this spirit I propose to 
set down some facts that relate more particularly to the move- 
ments of the army before Fort Fisher. 

Before proceeding to the more important part of this paper I 
desire incidentally to refer to the subject of the failure of the 
explosion of the " powder-boat." which made General Butler 
the butt of so much ridicule and called down upon him so much 
adverse criticism. 

" We all believed in it from the admiral down," says Lieuten- 
ant-Commander Parker in a paper lately read before the New 
York Commandery of the Loyal Legion, " but when it proved 
so laughable a failure, we of the navy laid its paternity upon 
Genercl Butler." 

This is a very frank admission, for the truth is that in looking 
about for a scape-goat after the failure, Butler was seriously 
charged with the fiasco. The general's plan was to run the 
powder-boat on shore before firing it, and at a time when the 
arm\' was near enough to take advantage of any damage that 
might be done. It was not carried out. The navy, that had 
full charge of the .iffair. exploded the powder at 1.30 A. M., 



.4 MAN FROM MAINE. 81 

which was an error of itself, and then again, on account of the 
faulty arrangement for ignition, but a small part of the powder 
was burnt, (icneral Butler knew nothing of the explosion until 
it was over. 

It is not generally known that although General Butler 
accompanied the expedition as commanding general of the 
Department of Virginia and North Carolina, still, Major-General 
Godfrey Weitzel was in actual command of the troops by order 
of General Grant, and upon Weitzel and Lieutenant-Colonel 
Cyrus B. Comstock, United States I-^ngineers of headquarters 
of the armies of the United States, rests the responsibilit\- for 
the withdrawal of the military forces. But I will waive this 
position, which may be called technical, and state the facts. 

While the arm\- was storm-bound in Beaufort. North Caro- 
lina, vvhere it had been driven for coal and water. Admiral Porter 
attacked Fort F'isher. The War and Navy Departments had 
determined that a combined attack of the two branches ot the 
service was necessar\- for the reduction of the fort. Porter 
made a purely naval attack on December 24. What would the 
country have said if Butler, while lying off New Inlet waiting 
for the navy, had taken advantage of the beautiful weather that 
preceded the storm and had made the attack without waiting 
for the navy? The na\'y had no more right to attack without 
the presence of the army than the army would ha\'c had to 
attack in tl^e absence of the navy. 

After ordering his transports to follow him. Butler, who had 
heard of the operations of the navy, started for and arrived off 
New Inlet between four and fi\e o'clock in the afternoon, in time 
to see the end of the first da\'s bombardment. 

A staff officer was sent on board the Hag-ship " Malvern " by 
Butler to confer with Porter, but the admiral returned word that 
he was too much fatigued to give him audience, but would 
receive General Weitzel and Colonel Comstock in the morning. 
A brigade of Ames' division were the first troops to land, at a 
point two miles and a half north of the fort. This brigade was 
immediately formed and marched towards the fort along the sea 
beach. But it was soon evident that the surf was becoming 



32 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

heavier ; already boats were swamped in their attempts to reach 
the shore. Curtis was ordered forward, but the day was fast 
drawing to an end. The fact is that the fort was not silenced 
by the fire of the navy on December 24th and 25th, but its 
firing was so slow that the navy formed the erroneous idea that 
it had been silenced. "The fire of the fleet had been diffuse," 
sa}-s Colonel Lamb, who commanded the fort, " not calculated 
to effect any particular damage, and so wild that at least one- 
third of the missiles fell into the river beyond the fort or in the 
bordering marshes." 

*' It was evident," says Butler, in his report of December 25th, 
1864, " as soon as the fire of the navy ceased, because of dark- 
ness, that the fort was fully manned again, and opened with 
grape and canister upon our picket line." It would have been 
temerity to order a charge at this time. Weitzel, however, was 
present with Curtis and could have ordered a charge if he so 
pleased. Even Curtis did not deem it wise to make an assault, 
although he had permission from Ames to do so. All the 
troops that had made a landing were pushing on through the 
deep sand to support Curtis. General Ames, who had been 
among the first to land, displayed his usual energy and dispatch 
and strained every nerve to get Pennypacker's brigade up in 
time, but it could not be accomplished. The night was dark 
and the storm that was coming up might drive off the navy and 
the transports, and the small body of our troops that had been 
landed would then fall into the hands of the rebels. There was 
no hope for immediate re-inforcements, for the now furious surf 
had cut off all communication with the fleet.* 



*" A piece of romance was sent North and got a lodgment i.i current history, and is 
actually repeated liy General Grant in his Memoirs, thuu^^h Genc-ral Huller Ciirrected 
the error in his ofiicial report of January 3d, 1865. No Federal soldier entered Fort 
Fisher Christmas d.iy except as a pMS(jner. The courier was sent out of the fort 
without my Unouledge and was killed .Tnd hiis horse captured within the enemy's 
linei. The flag captured was a small company flai{, placed on the extreme L f I of the 
work, and which was carried away an 1 thrown oft' the parapet by an enrtlading shot 
from the navy. It was during a terrific bombardment of the land force when 1 had 
ordered my men to cover themsilves behind parapet and traverses as well as in the 
bomb-proofs. Aniid the smoke of bursting shells Captain \V. H. Walling of the 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 33 

Butler requested Weitzel and C omstock, who had reported 
the condition of things on shore, to return, examine the ground, 
and decide if an assault were possible. " To me," he said, " it 
does not look possible, but I am unwilling to give it up." 
These two officers reported against the assault. 

General Butler says, " I sent to him [Admiral Porter] and 
asked what could be done. He sent me word that he had not 
an hour's ammunition, and that he must go into Beaufort to 
replenish his ships." — Report of Committee on the Conduct of 
the War. 

In causing the withdrawal of the troops Butler acted under 
the advice of two engineer officers, than whom no more skilled 
and learned members of their profession then held commissions 
in the United States army. 

" I went back to General Butler," says Weitzel, " and told 
him I considered it would be murder to order an attack > i that 
work with that force. I understood Colonel CoiT!i;tock to agrcP 
with me perfectly, and General Butler has ^ince said he did. I 
am fulh' satisfied, from all I have hoard since; fr m the result 
of the second attack and everything else, — I am fully satisfied 
that I did my duty there." — See Report of Committee on the 
Conduct of the W^ar. 

" The failure of the expedition," says General Butler, " was 
owing to the delay of the navy in Beaufort, the exploding of 
the powder-boat before the troops got there to take advantage 
of the effect of it, whatever it was, the refusal of Admiral Por- 
ter to run by the fort, and the failure of the bombardment to 
silence the fire of the fort on the land-front. ... I believe 
m)' withdrawal from F"ort Fisher to face the calumny which has 
rolled its waves over me, and which I calmly looked in the face 
when I made my decision to withdraw my troops, was the best 
and bravest act of my life." 



One Hundred and Forty-second New York, gallantly crawled through the broken 
palisade and carried oft the flag, doing what. two or more men could not have done 
without observation. The angle of the work hid him from the sharpshooters on the 
front, who behind traverses were watching for an advance." — See Col. Lamb's article 
in Battles and Leaders of the Civil War, Vol. IV., p. 646. 



34 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

The Committee on the Conduct of the War gave the subject 
a thorough examination. The testimony covers two hundred 
and sixty pages of printed matter, and after mature deUbera- 
tion the committee found as follows: "In conclusion, your 
committee would say, from all the testimony before them, that 
the determination of General Butler not to assault the fort seems 
to have been fully justified by all the facts and circumstances 
then known or afterwards ascertained." 

Whatever may be a just criticism of the distinguished officers 
who commanded our forces on land and sea on the first expe- 
dition against Fort Fisher ; as to whether a proper co-operation 
between army and navy existed ; whether the troops that had 
been landed in the face of a Confederate division, which threat- 
ened to attack them in their rear if they advanced in the direc- 
tion of the fort, and although afterwards cut off, as they were 
for two days, from the transports and fleet by surf and storm, 
whether they should have been ordered to charge during that 
night or at early dawn against this immense work, whose ram- 
parts were remanned when the firing of the navy ceased, are 
questions that have caused some discussion among military and 
naval men; but while this is true, there is, however, another 
view of this most important movement upon which all minds 
seem to agree. I refer, of course, to the fact that the Butler- 
Porter expedition constituted a thorough and careful recon- 
noissance of the fort and all its approaches. While the navy 
had an opportunity to test the strength of the work and the 
power of its guns, the troops that had been landed and pushed 
by General Ames to a point near the work were enabled not 
only to learn the conformation of the ground but to discover, 
as will be seen, the weak part, if not the key to the fortification 
itself. 

General Alfred II. Terry, who had been placed in command 
of the army branch of the second expedition after the removal 
of General Butler from his command, was an officer of experi- 
ence and ability. To him is due the credit of having, from the 
outset to the close of the movement, established that harmony 
of action between the army and navy which was so necessary 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 35 

to success. He and Porter seemed to pull together as well as 
if they were within speaking distance of each other. In fact, 
during the action an army signal-officer was stationed on the 
" Malvern," Porter's flag-ship, in communication with one on 
shore at General Terry's headquarters. In addition to these 
arrangements there were other general signals agreed upon and 
followed. Terry iiad detailed instructions from general army 
headquarters. He effectively carried them out. 

The men who composed the army force on the second expe- 
dition were picked from soldiers who had seen considerable 
field service. No one who had any disability was allowed on 
the transports. Terry's force consisted of three thousand three 
hundred men of the Second Division, Twenty-fourth Army 
Corps, under command of Brigadier-General Adelbert Ames 
(afterwards brevet major-general United States Volunteers) ; 
the same number from the Third Division, Twenty-fifth Army 
Corps, Brigadier-General Charles J. Paine; and the Sixteenth 
New York Independent Battery with four three-inch guns, com- 
manded by Captain R. L. Lee. In addition to these troops 
that were on the first expedition there were fourteen hundred 
men of the Second Brigade, First Division, Twenty-fourth 
Army Corps, Colonel J. C. Abbott; Seventh New Hampshire 
Volunteers ; and Light Battery E, Third United States Artillery, 
with six twelve-pounder guns, under command of Lieutenant 
John K. Myrick. There was also a siege-train with a detail 
from the First Connecticut Heavy Artillery, under command of 
Captain William T. Pride, and a detachment of engineers from 
the Fifteenth New York, under Lieutenant H. S. O'Keefe, for 
service in case a gradual approach was determined upon. 

At four o'clock on the morning of the 6th of January the 
transports sailed from Hampton Roads. During the day a 
severe storm arose, which greatly impeded their movements; 
but on the 8th they reached the rendezvous off the coast of 
North Carolina, although many had been damaged by the gale. 
The weather continued unfavorable, and it was not until the 
1 2th that the combined force arrived off Federal Point; the 
disembarkation was deferred until the following morning. 



36 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

At daylight on the 13th of January Porter formed his fleet in 
three Hnes, and stood in close to the beach to cover the land- 
ing. The " Brooklyn," the double-enders, and the other gun- 
boats opened fire on the woods directly in the rear of the posi- 
tion upon which it was decided to land the troops. The first 
troops were landed on the beach about three miles north of 
New Inlet. Pickets were thrown out in every direction. The 
enemy did not make any opposition to this movement. During 
this day eight thousand five hundred men were landed, with 
forty rounds of ammunition in the cartridge-boxes and three 
hundred thousand additional rounds of small-arms ammunition, 
and six days hard bread in bulk. 

The landing was accomplished amid the greatest enthusiasm 
of the soldiers. Cheer upon cheer went up, clearly indicating 
their splendid morale. The surf gave some trouble at first, but 
it subsided as the day progressed. This favorable condition of 
the surf continued through the three days of active operations 
which culminated in the accomplishment of the object of the 
expedition. 

Paine's division of colored troops having disembarked was 
marched a short distance towards the fort and then directed 
across the peninsula to the Cape Fear River, in this way form- 
ing a defensive line facing Wilmington. These troops now 
threw up a strong intrenchment from the ocean to the river. 
Colonel Abbott's brigade also formed a part of this line, and 
on the 14th, Captain Lee's and Lieutenant Myrick's batteries 
were also placed there in position. This line held Hoke's divi- 
sion of Confederate troops, under command of Bragg, in check ; 
but at no time, much to the surprise of the Federals, did this 
rebel division make any serious attempts to charge this defen- 
sive line ; it seemed to rest paralyzed before it. This move- 
ment left General Ames' division free to operate against the fort 
without any fear of an attack upon his rear. 

To this gallant young general, with his division numbering 
only three thousand five hundred men, was assigned the post of 
honor and danger, the tremendous task of assaulting and carry- 
ing by storm a permanent fortification pronounced impregnable 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 37 

by the ablest engineers in the rebel army, and as the sequel 
shows it could not have been placed in worthier hands. 

All da\- antl night of the 13th and 14th the navy continued 
such a ceaseless fire against the fort that it was impossible for 
its garrison to repair damages. The monitors and the " Iron- 
sides " bowled their eleven- and fifteen-inch shells along the 
parapet, scattering a destructive storm of shrapnel in the dark- 
ness. The defenders of the fort lost heavily in killed and 
wounded, and this fact shows that the fire of the navy was much 
more effective than on the first expedition. 

On the afternoon of the 13th Ames directed the Forty-sev- 
enth New York Volunteers, Second Brigade, under command 
of Colonel Joseph M. McDonald, to cross the peninsula to the 
river, and under the protection of its bank to push up skirmish- 
ers as near to the fort as possible. This movement was exe- 
cuted with difficulty, as it had to pass over a strip of marshy 
ground. The skirmishers were quite successful in silencing the 
gunners who were trying to serve the barbette guns on the 
parapet. 

Curtis with the First Brigade, however, had been selected by 
Ames for the advanced line, and on the morning of the 14th 
the Third New York of this brigade was ordered to relieve 
Colonel McDonald. As this regiment marched across the open 
plateau it was fired upon by the rebel steamer " Chickamauga," 
and a number of its men were killed and wounded. Colonel 
Weeks, commanding, lost a leg. This attack did not materi- 
ally check the advance of Curtis, who pushed on to the river 
and captured a rebel flat-bottomed steam-transport laden with 
stores, that had unwittingly come up to the dock at Craig's 
Landing. This brigade had been over this same ground on the 
first expedition and was familiar with it. It worked its way 
along the river-shore, taking advantage of its bank, that gave 
some protection, until the advance redoubt near the river and 
about half a mile from the main fort had been reached and 
captured. This brigade met a determined resistance, the fort 
having thrown out a company of skirmishers and brought the 
guns to bear on our position, while we on our part picked off 



38 



THE MAINE BUGLE. 



every man we could who appeared on the parapet. The fort 
was now thoroughly invested. Preparations were being fast 
made for the bloody work of the morrow. In the evening 
Terry went aboard of the " Malvern " and arranged the plans 
for the attack of the next day. 

The bright rays of the sun aided the besiegers to see the fort 
plainly. The land-face of Fort Fisher commenced about one 
hundred feet from the river with a half bastion and extended 
with a heavy curtain to a full bastion on the ocean side where it 
joined the sea-face. The outer slope was twenty feet high from 
the berme to the top of the parapet, which was not less than 
twenty-five feet thick. The revetment was five feet nine inches 
high from the floor of the gun-chambers. The guns were all 




THE GREAT MOUND AT THE ANGLE. 



mounted in barbette, on columbiad carriages; there was not a 
single casemate gun in the fort. Between the gun-chambers, 
containing one or two guns each (there were twenty guns on 
the land-face), there were heavy traverses, exceeding in size 
any known to engineers, to protect from an enfilading fire. 
They extended out some twelve feet on the parapet, and were 
twelve feet or more in height above the parapet, running back 
thirty feet or more. In each alternate traverse was a magazine 
or bomb-proof. Passage-ways or galleries penetrated the trav- 
erses in the interior of the work and under the gun-chambers, 
with openings on the interior plane. 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 39 

The sea-face for one hundred yards from the northeast bastion 
was of the same massive character as the land-face. A crescen^ 
battery intended for four guns joined this. From this bomb- 
proof a series of batteries extended for three-quarters of a mile 
along the sea, connected with an infantry curtain. On this line 
was a bomb-proof electric battery connected with a system of sub- 
terra torpedoes. Farther along a mound battery sixty feet high 
was erected.with two heavy guns. This battery was one mile from 
the northeast bastion. At the extreme point of land was Bat- 
tery Buchanan, four guns, its two eleven-inch guns covering the 
approach by land. An advanced redoubt with a twenty-four- 
pounder was added after the attack by the forces under Butler 
and Porter on Christmas, 1864. A wharf for large steamers 
was close by. This battery was also intended to cover a retreat 
by water in case of capture of the fort. The fort was also pro- 
tected by a system of subterra torpedoes extending across the 
peninsula, five to six hundred feet from the land face, and inside 
this torpedo line, about fifty feet from the berme of the work, 
from the river-bank to the sea-shore, was a heavy palisade of 
sharpened logs nine feet high pierced for musketry, and so laid 
out as to have an enfilading fire on the centre, where there was 
a redoubt guarding a sally-port, from which two Napoleon guns 
were run out as occasion required. At the river end of the 
palisade was a deep and muddy slough, across which was a 
bridge, the entrance of the river road into the fort; command- 
ing this bridge was a Napoleon gun. 

Against this immense work, in many respects the strongest 
in America, the Second Division, Twenty-fourth Army Corps, 
was to be led by Brigadier-General Adelbert Ames, upon whom 
now devolved all the responsibility of leadership in the desper- 
ate and bloody encounter that in a short time was to commence 
and not to end until after darkness had covered the earth for 
many hours. 

Scientific and literary education may assist a man to fill the 
requirements of time and station, but at the foundation of all 
there must exist those qualities of heart, character, and imagin- 
ation that alone give power to create, or to turn into success 



40 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

the great opportunities that come in hfe. This rare combina- 
tion of human virtue, cultivated mind, and heroic bravery ied 
to the favor of the gods in the distant past, and inspires the 
gratitude of the people in these prosaic times of ours. If there 
were demigods in days of yore, there were heroes in these later 
days of internecine strife. There was as much honor, fidelity, 
and fortitude displayed on the battle-fields of the Civil War as 
in the conflicts over which history casts the glamour of its 
romance and chivalry. 

One of the most distinguished and meritorious characters 
that this later period produced is Brevet Major-General Adel- 
bert Ames, who was scarcely more than a boy at the beginning 
of these days of storm and stress. This cultivated gentleman 
and distinguished graduate of West Point, entertaining the 
highest conception of duty to the cause of national unity, and 
possessing a character that combined perfect self-possession, 
chivalrous modesty, and courageous manhood, was endowed 
with a high ortlcr of personal bravery and steadiness combined 
with soundness of judgment that made him naturally and pre- 
eminently a capable and aggressive leader. He was the beau- 
ideal of a division commander, and as such there was ho more 
efficient and gallant officer in the armies of the Union. Every 
one who rode with him in battle soon discovered that Ames 
never hesitated to take desperate chances under fire. He 
seemed to have a life that was under some mystic protection. 
Although he never permitted anything to stand in his way, and 
never asked men to go where he would not go himself, still his 
manner was always cool, calm, and gentlemanly. Under the 
heaviest fire, when men and officers were being stricken down 
around him, he would sit on his horse, apparently unmoved by 
singing rifle-ball, shrieking shot, or bursting shell, and quietly 
give his orders, which were invariably communicated in the 
most polite way, and generally in the form of a request. I 
often thought when I saw him under fire that if one of his legs 
had been carried away by a round shot he would merely turn 
to some officer or soldier near by and quietly say, " Will you 
kindly assist me from my horse? " 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 41 

The outbreak of the Civil War found him a cadet at West 
Point. He was graduated with his class, and commissioned in 
a battery of regular artillery. At Bull Run, where he showed 
great gallantry, he was shot through the leg. He was soon 
promoted to the colonelcy of the Twentieth Maine and served in 
the Army of the Potomac. In the disastrous battle of Freder- 
icksburg he led his regiment in the assault of Marye's Heights, 
rendered almost impregnable by a stone wall, trenches, and 
batteries. He was soon promoted to be brigadier-general, and 
continued to serve in the field. It was a fortunate thing for the 
army before Fort Fisher and for the country at large that this 
brilliant and gallant officer commanded the division that was 
destined to charge into the imminent deadly breach and over 
the walls of this Malakoff, to stand undaunted amid the crash 
and destruction of the heaviest artillery, the deadly work of the 
murderous rifle, and to lead his men into positions that seemed 
like a forlorn hope only at last to be rewarded with victory. 

January 15th, 1865, proved to be a bright and beautiful day. 
The air was mild and balmy as a May day. The sun shed its 
bright rays upon a scene through a cloudless sky. What little 
wind there was, scented with the aroma of the pine-trees of the 
Carolinas, blew oft' shore, flattening the surf and ocean to a 
calm seldom seen on this coast. While the unruffled bosom of 
the sea glimmered in the morning sunlight and all nature seemed 
attuned to peace, the boys in blue on land and sea were not to 
have a day of rest. This mild, tranquil morning was in strange 
contrast with the storm of human conflict that was soon to burst 
forth. 

Early in the morning, Ames, at the head of Pennypacker's 
and Bell's brigades of his division, advanced towards the fort. 
Curtis, who was already at the outwork which had been gained 
the day before, was now ordered to advance against the fort, 
and to hold the position he might gain until the assault. He 
gallantly succeeded in pushing his brigade to within two hun- 
dred yards of the stronghold. In the formation of the brigade 
line the One Hundred and Seventeenth New York had the right 
towards Cape Fear river; the One Hundred and Twelfth New 



42 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

York the left, in the direction of the sailors, who were then 
forming on the sea-front. The distance from the left of this 
line to the face of the fort was much greater than on the right 
and far more exposed; the right being sheltered somewhat by 
a sand ridge to within a few rods of the stockade, which ran 
from the left half bastion to the river. There was an opening 
in the stockade through which the road from Wilmington passed. 
A bridge was here thrown across a low, and almost impassable 
marshy strip, and extended for some distance beyond the fort, 
and in front of the position held by the One Hundred and Sev- 
enteenth. This bridge and gate-way that proved so disastrous 
to the fort was protected by a single Napoleon gun. A com- 
pany of the Thirteenth Indiana, from the Third Brigade, armed 
with Spencer rifles, and fifty volunteers of Curtis' brigade, all 
under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Lent, and accompanied 
by Captain Albert G. Lawrence, acting aide-de-camp, represent- 
ino- the division staff, and provided with shovels, now volun- 
teered to go forward in advance of Curtis' line as skirmishers to 
pick off men who might appear on the fort, and also to cut 
holes through the palisading with axes, with which they vvere 
provided. A number of these men were directly in front of 
the "-ate-way, which has been called a sally-port. They ren- 
dered most important service, and in the charge that soon fol- 
lowed, aided by Curtis' men, shot down the artillerists who 
attempted to use the Napoleon gun. Over the bridge the 
stockade was reached, through which the pioneers cut holes 
near the bastion. It was along this river road, over this bridge, 
and through this opening around the west bastion that so many 
of our men afterwards gained the interior of the fort. 

The movement of putting Curtis' brigade into position was 
plainly seen by the garrison, and the parapet was manned at 
once, the enemy opening with musketry and artillery regardless 
of the pitiless storm of shot and shell which belched from every 
gun of the navy on the fort. The Napoleon guns in the redoubt 
at the centre sally-port fired on our men at this time with grape 
and canister. The garrison had to leave the gun-chambers and 
stand on the parapet to fire on our men, who on their part 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 43 

threw themselves on the sand, and using their hands, tin cups, 
or anything else that would aid them in their work, threw up 
little trenches as soon as possible. In the meantime they 
hugged the sand and fired as best they could. 

The Second Brigade under command of Colonel Penny- 
packer, was now formed also in line of battle at a position of 
about five hundred yards from the fort, parallel to, and in rear 
of, the line formed by the First Brigade. The Third Brigade, 
under command of Colonel Bell, was formed in a similar man- 
ner about seven hundred yards from the fort. This column of 
brigades was manceuvred on tne open sand plateau, directly in 
front of the land-face. It extended from a point opposite the 
west bastion to the east of the centre sally-port. The men were 
quickly in position, and then they threw themselves on the sand 
and dug small rifle-pits for protection, as has already been 
described. They were often directly over the subterra net-work 
of torpedoes placed in front of the fort, that fortunately for the 
l-'"ederal army did not explode. — the wires having been cut by 
shots from the navy. 

While these operations were taking place, General Terry and 
staff, and General Ames and staff, occupied the advance earth- 
work already described. It was situated near the river about 
eight hundred yards from the fort. It was at this point that 
Terry made his headquarters during the fight. From this posi- 
tion he could communicate with the navy and, at the same time, 
have a good view of the fort. 

General Ames gave a most minute and careful supervision to 
every detail of these preliminary manoeuvres, not hesitating to 
go himself to direct the troops into better positions and to cor- 
rect and establish the lines of attack, although at each time he 
and his staff showed themselves on this plateau of sand they 
became targets for the sharp-shooters stationed on the parapet 
and behind the palisading. It is difficult to understand how 
Ames went unscathed at this time while exposing himself, as he 
did, for he wore a brigadier-general's dress-coat, and had made 
as careful a toilet as if he were going to review. 

While these operations of the army had been going on, a 
force of sailors and marines, numbering two thousand, were 



44 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

landed on the sea-beach, under command of Fleet Captain K. 
R. Breese. The head of this column had been pushed up to 
within a few hundred yards of the fort by means of a succession 
of small intrenchmcnts and rifle-pits, behind which the men lay 
prone upon the sand, sheltering themselves as best they might, 
while tongues of flame and puffs of smoke in their frojit plainly 
showed whence arose the storm of lead that fell upon them. 
Although the navy kept up its terrific fire upon the fort, still, at 
no time was it entirely silenced. The " Ironsides " and the 
monitors hurled forth their immense projectiles, the grand old 
frigates boomed out their heavy broadsides, and the gunboats 
poured in their whistling shots upon the doomed stronghold. 

The directions that Admiral Porter issued from the " Mal- 
vern " to the sailors and marines were of a remarkable charac- 
ter. The sailors were to be " armed with cutlasses, well sharp- 
ened, and revolvers," and they were to " board the fort on the 
run in a seaman-like way." The marines were to " follow after, 
and when they gain the edge of the parapet they will lie flat 
and pick off the enemy in the works. The sailors will charge 
at once on the field-pieces in the fort and kill the gunners. The 
mouths of the bomb-proofs must be secured at once, and no 
quarter given if the enemy fire from them after we enter the 
fort. ... If, when our men get into the fort, the enemy 
commence firing on Fort Fisher from the Mound, every three 
men will seize a prisoner, pitch him over the walls, and get 
behind the fort for protection, or into the bomb-proofs." — See 
pages 194 and 195, Report of Committee on the Conduct of 
the War. 

Never before was such an order issued to brave men of war. 
It is beyond criticism because it is incomprehensible. This 
force of gallant sailors and marines should have been properly 
armed. It should have been put on shore the same day the 
army was landed, thus avoiding the undue haste that occurred. 
It should have been placed under the direction and command 
of army officers, accustomed to handle men in field operations. 
These brave but unfortunate men were strung out, by a hurried 
movement under fire, along the sea-beach, with subdivisions of 



/ 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 45 

too small fronts, giving the movement, as seen from the river, 
almost the appearance of a charge by the flank. In fact, Cap- 
tain Selfridge says that the formation was " by a flank." 

This famous "landing order" issued from the "Malvern," 
from which a quotation has been made, and which gave the 
naval officers such minute and peculiar instructions as to the 
arming, landing, and handling the sailors and marines, has never 
been equaled as a blunder, except perhaps at Balaclava, when 
the order was given to the Six Hundred to charge, while cannon 
on three sides of them " vollej-ed and thundered." 

All preparation for the assault was now completed. From 
this moment to the close of the battle the whole direction, 
manoeuvring, and fighting of the army force that operated 
directly against the fort devolved on General Ames. " To him 
more than to any living soul is due the success of the assault, 
on account of the way he put the brigades in and kept them 
there until the final surrender." 

During the entire battle of seven hours, Terry gave Ames 
but two orders, — one as Ames was about to leave the redoubt 
for the attack, and the other when it was nearly dark, and while 
he was directing the fighting of his division inside the fort. 

The memory of Brevet Brigadier-General Charles A. Carle- 
ton, who was then serving as a captain and assistant adjutant- 
general on Ames' staff, as well as my own, is perfectly clear as 
to what was said on this occasion. " I heard Terry's last words 
to Ames," says Carleton, " before we left that redoubt for the 
assault. 

" ' General Ames,' said Terry, ' the signal agreed upon for the 
assault has been given.' 

"'Have you any special orders in regard to it?' inquired 
Ames 

"'No,' replied Terry; 'you understand the situation and 
what it is desired to accomplish. I leave everything to your 
discretion.' 

" I went to the rear at least twice," says Carleton, " and saw 
Terry, reporting the condition of afi*airs as they were, and he 
told me he had no instructions for Ames, intimating that he left 
everything to his judgment." 



46 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

The only other order Ames received during the battle was in 
these words : " General Terry orders that you make one more 
effort to capture the fort, and if you fail to retreat." This order 
was delivered to Ames by a staff officer. 

On this order General Ames acted, not only in his general 
orders directing the movement of the several brigades, but in 
the successive steps of the prolonged struggle during the rest 
of the day. He it was who directed the battle, sharing its 
exposures with his officers and men, and inspiring them with 
new courage by his coolness and self-possession. 

General Ames was now ready to advance in order to direct 
and lead the assault. " Gentlemen, we will now go forward," he 
quietly said to his staff. 

As soon as he and his staff appeared on the level place in 
front of the fort, the enemy selected this bunch of officers as a 
target. Ames, noticing this firing, said, " We had better sepa- 
rate somewhat from each other." Before tiiis could be done 
Captains Dawson and Keeler were hit, — Dawson dying of his 
wounds. Captain (afterwards Brevet Brigadier-General) A. G. 
Lawrence, aide-de-camp, had been instructed by General Ames 
to order Curtis' brigade to charge. He was shot down, losing 
an arm and being otherwise severely wounded while placing a 
color on the parapet, which he was the first man to reach while 
accompanying Lent's skirmishers. The writer of this paper 
received a severe contusion on the head, disenabling him for 
some time during the fight. Ames was thus left at the com- 
mencement of the battle with but two of his personal staff, 
Carleton and Matthews, and Carleton was the only one to 
accompany him when he entered the fort, and the onlj' one not 
either killed or wounded during the assault. 

It was half-past three when the steam-whistles shrieked out 
the signal for the attack. Such vessels as could do so turned 
their guns upon the lover batteries, the others ceased firing. 
The troops and sailors darted forward, vying with each other to 
reach the parapet. The large guns of the fort were so injured 
that few of them could be used against the national columns, 
but the garrison valiantly manned the parapet to resist the 
charge. 



A MAti FROM MAINE. 47 

Keeping close to the sea, the sailors and marines charged 
against the sea- and land-face of the northeast bastion with des- 
perate valor; but the marines seemed to fail properly to do the 
work of sharpshooters according to instructions given them. A 
columbiad on the Mound Battery opened on this column, and 
the two Napoleon guns in the redoubt of the centre sally-port 
fired grape and canister into the fated ranks. The parapet now 
swarmed with rebel troops, who exposed themselves with reck- 
less gallantry. They had until then largely reserved their mus- 
ketry fire, but they now poured volley after volley into the 
faltering ranks of the sailors and marines, some of whom had 
reached the berme and sprung up the slope of the fort. It was 
a grand spectacle while it lasted. The brave Lieutenants Pres- 
ton and Porter were instantly killed. The numerous casualties 
did not at first check the exhibition of courage and nerve that 
seemed like madness, but soon the bravest began to fall back. 
The officers could not control the men, who, leaving several hun- 
dred of their comrades dead and dying under the walls of the 
fort, turned and ran, or took shelter under the slope and pali- 
sade of the fort. They were never rallied to charge again, but 
some of them were later in the day put on the defensive line, to 
take the place o{ Abbott's brigade and Blackman's (Twenty- 
seventh United States) colored regiment, that were marched 
against the fort in the evening with the object of re-enforcing 
Ames. 

Simultaneously with the charge of the sailors the recumbent 
men of Curti?" brigade sprang to their feet with a bound and 
charged forward with a wild cheer; many passing through the 
apertures in the palisade, across the dry ditch, and up to the 
parapet, the rest charging over the string-pieces of tbe bridge — 
the planks had been torn up — on the road that led around the 
left and rear of the fort. The left of this brigade was exposed 
to a severe enfilading fire, directed by General Whiting, who was 
present in the fort as a volunteer. The Confederate officers 
had scarcely ceased cheering at the repulse of the sailors when 
they were surprised to see Federal battle-flags on the left of their 
work. The ground over which the right of our column passed 



48 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

was marshy and difficult; sometimes the men sank waist-deep 
into the mire, and some of the wounded perished here. In fact, 
the Confederate commandant, Lamb, thought the marsh was 
impassable for troops. But it did not stop our men, who then 
rushed for the gate-way through the stockade, which extended 
from the bastion to the river. This entrance was covered by a 
Napoleon gun. Two reliefs of rebel gunners with their supports 
were shot down here before the enemy gave way at this point, 
but finally they could resist no longer, and over the dead bodies of 
the blue and gray the charging column entered the fort. A great 
advantage had been gained, and these soldiers now mounted the 
parapet from the inside and joined their comrades who had charged 
the front of the work. They soon had possession of the left 
bastion and of three of the immense traverses. When the fourth 
gun-chamber was reached, out men met with a desperate resist- 
ance, for that portion of the garrison that had defeated the 
"sailors was now turned against us. Now began a series of the 
most terrifir hand-to-hand conflicts ever known in the annals of 
modern warfare, only ending with the surrender of the work. 

The glory of this initial charge by which the fort was entered 
and a foothold gained which could not be broken is due to the 
steady valor of the First Brigade. 

But while we had gained a foothold our position was critical. 
Aside from the exposure from advancing over the field, the cap- 
ture of the first traverses was the easiest part of the afternoon's 
work, and the most quickly accomplished. To hold what we 
had gained tenaciously and to advance with a wise audacity, in 
the face of a determined opposition, to the complete possession 
of a work still most formidable, was the difficult problem to be 
solved by General Ames and his gallant division. There was 
need not onl\- of the valor of veteran troops, well led by their 
immediate officers, but of the personal direction and the cool 
courage of the commander of the division, the man directly 
responsible to his superiors and to the nation for the success of 
a struggle involving such vast interests. The nation should be 
thankful that we had the right man in the right place. 

Having advanced across the field with a coolness which 
elicited the admiration of officers and men, he was early in the 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 



49 



fort, and constantly engaged, with characteristic quietness, in 
directing the disposition of his troops. 

The Second Brigade, commanded by Colonel Galusha 
I'ennypacker, which had moved into the position vacated by 
the First, was now ordered up by Ames. As they rose to their 
feet they met a murderous fire. The Forty-seventh New York, 
commanded by Colonel Joseph M. McDonald, held the left 
of the brigade line, somewhat to the east of the centre 
sally-port. As the men of this regiment moved forward its 
entire color-guard was swept away, every man being killed by 
a shot from a Napoleon gun in the redoubt at the sally-port. 
A great number of this brigade gained the fort by passing 
through the openings in the palisading made by the navy fire 
and over the parapet, but the Two Hundred and Third Pennsyl- 
vania, that held the right, and some others entered the work 
aiound the left bastion. At this juncture Colonel Pennypacker 
was so severely wounded that his life was despaired of for 
many months. 

The contest continued for the fourth traverse. These two 
brigades were somewhat mingled in the fighting on the parapet, 










INTERIOR VIEW OF THE THREE TRAVERSES OF THE NORTHWEST SALIENT ADJOIN- 
ING THE RIVER ROAD. 



but temporary formations were made and rushes followed. 
The contestants fired into each other's faces. The Confederate 
Whiting was plainly seen leading and encouraging his men to 
action. It was at this time he came face to face with some 




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"'ft' ' 




S'' 




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t !t 2 5= i- 



MAl' OK TUli MILITARY AND NAVAL ASSAULTS ON l-DKT IISIIEK. 






■ :.:.rsy : .•: 







Scale of PUiit- 32grt-fi.^ 



o «. Scal^e of Section.-!. ^J. F< . I r,.^ . 
> 1 ?= 1 1 1 1 1 4^ 1 ["» 



PLAN AND SECTIONS OF FORT FISHER. 



62 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Federal soldiers. They called on him to surrender. " Go to 

h , you Yankee ! " he replied, and tried to get away. 

He was shot down, and died several months afterwards in New 
York harbor. 

Ames now sent Carleton to order up the Third Brigade, 
commanded by Colonel Louis Bell, which had been moved up 
to this position just occupied by Pennypacker. Carleton 
directed the column obliquely towards the right so it could 
enter around the left bastion. Bell's manly form was seen at 
the head of his column as it darted over the famous bridge — 
which had been repaired by replacing the planks — and in this 
way entered the fort. But it was his last charge, for at this 
point the noble soldier fell mortally wounded. The greater 
part of the brigade was now directed across the interior plane 
of the fort against the rear and inside of the sea-face. Some 
of the men joined the troops on the parapet, where the fighting 
continued for the immense traverses, which were forts of them- 
selves. The ground inside the fort over which the Third 
Brigade had to charge was obstructed by the debris of barracks 
and magazines. The enemy was also sheltered by an old work, 
which was used as a breastwork, and took advantage of every 
object that would afford cover. When Colonel Bell fell, 
Colonel Alonzo Alden took command of the brigade, and 
Lieutenant-Colonel James A. Colvin led the One Hundred and 
Sixty-ninth New York, which was the leading regiment in this 
charge. Colonel Colvin explains the difficulty that existed in 
making an advance against the enemy, who were firing from 
the sea-face, from the openings, of the galleries that ran 
along both sides of the fort, from the old interior work, from 
the magazine, from the debris of buildings, from the barracks, 
and from the hospital. It was desperate work. To make it 
worse, if that were possible, Lamb, the Confederate commander, 
went to the Mound Battery and turned two of its guns on the 
column in the fort. In this way this column received a con- 
centric fire of musketry as well as an artillery fire on its flank. 
Not only did the Mound guns open, but the guns of Battery 
Buchanan poured in shot on the western end of the work, at 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 53 

one time killing friend and foe alike. When Lamb returned 
from the Mound he brought back with him more than a hun- 
dred of his garrison and threw them in front of those already 
engaged. 

A large number of the traverses of the land-face had been 
taken, the interior plane had been occupied, but Fort P^ishcr 
was not captured. The Third Brigade was within one hundred 
feet of the breastworks inside the fort. Lamb saw he must 
make an heroic effort or all was lost. He massed what men he 
could gather, including those he brought from the Mound; he 
called upon them to follow him, but as he gave the command 
he fell seriously wounded and was carried to the rear. 

Outside the circle of flame and smoke the sun was seen 
setting in a flood of rosy light; men were gladdened at the 
sight, hoping that the fighting would now cease. 

At this time the herculean General Curtis, who had been 
fighting with his men all the afternoon, approached General 
Ames, who was then standing on the interior plane of the fort 
some little distance from the left bastion. Ames was engaged 
in giving some general instructions as to the battle, when Curtis 
suddenly threw up his arms and fell to the ground. He had 
been struck in the eye by a fragment of shell fired from Battery 
Buchanan. Carleton sprang to his relief, and picked up his 
sword, which he carried during the rest of the fight. Curtis 
was borne from the fort, not to die, however, for in a few hours 
he heard the shouts of victory. 

At last Ames stood within this circuit of fire amid the frag- 
ments of his division ; every brigade and almost all of the 
regimental commanders had fallen, as well as most of his 
personal staff, so that for necessary duty substitutes for the 
latter had to be taken temporarily from the most available 
officers at hand. Ames, who had entered the fort at the head 
of the Second Brigade, remained there fighting with his men 
until the close of the action. He had been made particularly 
conspicuous by the prominent and advanced position he occu- 
pied. There he stood among his troops. No advice to retreat, 
no suggestion to postpone the engagement until the following 



54 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

morning, found a listening ear with him. "Advance! Drive 
the enemy from the works ! " were his repeated orders, To 
his determined bravery, tenacity, and skill on this occasion the 
country owes more than to that of any other one officer either 
in the army or navy. 

It was now quite dark, but the battle was not ended. At 
some points the different brigades were mixed up. Here it 
was a soldiers' fight. The men would wait until there were 
enough together for a charge, then some officer would form 
them into line, and they would rush up a traverse and over; 
when they came against the enemy it was cold steel or the butt 
of a gun. At other places the contending forces would blaze 
away into the darkness. They would throw themselves on the 
ground and then come alternately crawling or running for 
position. Hoarse voices were shouting orders, and from the 
huge round traverses, that looked like great sea-billows toppling 
over to engulf all before them, shadowy forms of friend and 
foe were seen in confused masses. 

While the first assault of the combined forces was progress- 
ing, the fire of the navy ceased ; but after the repulse of the 
sailors and marines it was recommenced. At first it was 
directed at the southern portion of the sea-face, including the 
Mound and Battery Buchanan; but later on the fire was 
changed so as to include a large part of the land-face. It was 
attempted to fire on the traverses in front of our men and not 
yet occupied by them. But it was too close work, certainly for 
night-firing, and the consequence was that many of the shells 
fell in the traverses held by the Federals, killing and wounding 
them by the score. The enemy still kept up an impetuous 
resistance, and would not permit darkness to put an end to 
hostilities. They continued the fire from the Mound on the 
interior of the fort, while the navy maintained its fire as 
described, both navy and Confederate shot falling in many 
places amid friend and foe. The bursting of shell, the rattling 
of musketry, the shouts of the men, and the groans of the 
wounded, all united to make up a perfect pandemonium. In 
the midst of this scene Ames sent an officer to Terry to signal 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 65 

the fleet to cease firing on the land-face. The request was 
comphcd with. 

At tliis late day I retain a vivid impression of the horrors 
of war as then portrayed by the conflict raging about me. 
A lieutenant of the Two Hundred and Third Pennsylvania, who 
had had a leg shattered by a shot from the Confederates, was 
lying in one of the gun-chambers, when a shell from the navy 
tore of his arm. "For God's sake," he exclaimed, "take me 
out of here ! " The poor fellow did not live to be carried from 
the fort. The scene at this time was indescribably horrible. 
"Great cannon were broken in two, and o\'er their ruins were 
lying the dead ; others lay partly buried in graves dug by the 
shells which had slain them." The outlines of the work could 
now and then be seen by the flash of exploding shell or blaze 
of musketry, but indistinct as the creation of some hideous 
dream. A soldier was shot in the head by a rifle-ball. There 
was no outcry; simply a spurt of blood and all was over. 
"Poor fellow," said his comrade next to him, "who will be 
next?" Death does not always come in this way, for there 
arose now and then an agonizing clamor of wounded men, 
who were writhing in the sand, and in heartrending accents, 
beseeching those near them to end their suffering. The dead 
certainly, and perhaps the wounded, do not count for much on 
a battlefield. A color-bearer had fallen, and though choked by 
blood and sand, he murmured, "I am gone. Take the flag." 
An officer who had been shot through the heart retained nearly 
an erect position ; he seemed leaning against a gun-carriage. 
Some lay outstretched, with their faces in the sand, and others 
who had been near each other when a shell exploded had 
fallen in a confused mass, forming a mingled heap of broken 
limbs and mangled bodies. At times a grim and uncanny 
humor seized a wounded man. Lawrence, of Ames's statt, lay 
on his back; one arm had been amputated, and the other arm 
as well as his neck was pierced by rifle-balls. He had told the 
chaplain to write his father that he could not live. Seeing me 
approach, he motioned me to lean over him, and when I had 
done so, he whispered, as he held up the stump of his amputated 



56 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

arm, "Isn't this a devil of a bob-tail flush?" These are some 
of the scenes of this human battle-field. 

At eight o'clock the garrison seemed to weaken : its firing 
was not so rapid. Whether this was caused from want of 
ammunition or exhaustion could not at first be determined. 
The Third Brigade, now commanded by Colonel Alden, did not 
cease to press the enemy across the plane, while the other bri- 
gades were fighting on the parapet. About this time General 
Ames, wishing to make " assurance double sure," sent to Gen- 
eral Terry for re-enforcements. He immediately forwarded 
Colonel Abbott's brigade, which arrived at the bridge and left 
bastion at quarter to nine in the evening, and also Blackman's 
Twenty-seventh United States Colored Regiment, which, how- 
ever did not enter the fort. 

These re-enforcements could not well be used in the hand-to- 
hand conflict for the traverses. Nor did it seem advisable to throw 
them across the interior plane towards the rear of the sea-face 
of the work, for here the Second Brigade had been checked 
during the day, mainly because of the obstructions presented 
by ruined barracks, lumber, and other rubbish, and which would 
have inevitably thrown any force into confusion in attempting 
to pass over the ground at night. Bearing these facts in mind, 
General Ames ordered Colonel Abbott to move his command 
by flank between the palisading and the foot of the land-face 
of the work till the head of the column should reach the angle 
of the fort, then facing to the right, go over the fort in line of 
battle. The darkness and noise made this movement practi- 
cable. 

When Colonel Colvin, who commanded the leading regiment 
of Ames' Third Brigade, heard that Abbott was coming, he in 
* friendly emulation called on the men to drive the rebels out of 
their works before the re-cnforcements could arrive. At nine 
o'clock, however, a general assault was made, and the garrison 
of the fort fell back in retreat along the sea-face, the rear-guard 
keeping the Union forces engaged as they advanced in the dark- 
ness as far as Battery Buchanan. 

The writer of this paper, who had partially recovered from 
his hurt, had, by order of General Ames, taken charge of the 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 57 

movement of Abbott's brigade towards the retiring enemy. 
Skirmishers were thrown out as the brigade followed the retreat- 
ing garrison. As we approached near Battery Buchanan the 
writer, who was some distance in advance of Colonel Abbott 
and staff, dimly saw the forms of two men in his front. Up to 
this time — about ten o'clock — we did not know at what moment 
we might be fired upon, or whether the retreat to Battery 
Buchanan meant surrender or not. These men just referred to, 
who proved to be Major James H. Hill and Lieutenant George 
D. Parker, of Colonel Lamb's staff, challenged the writer. When 
they learned they were speaking to a staff-officer of General 
Ames, they stated that they wished to surrender, and asked 
what the terms would be. They were informed that no condi- 
tions could be extended. One of these officers then said, " Gen- 
eral Whiting and Colonel Lamb are lying seriously wounded 
behind the battery, and we ask that our men be allowed to carry 
them back to Fort Fisher." They were informed that there did 
not seem to be any objection to this course, but that the entire 
disposition of these two wounded officers and of the other pris- 
oners must be left to the discretion of Colonel Abbott. The 
writer then asked to be conducted to Whiting and Lamb, whom 
he found lying on the exterior slope of Battery Buchanan. He 
asked these officers for their swords, but some one standing by 
said that they had been thrown into the sea. He did not stop 
to investigate what had been done with them, and ordering 
Abbott to take charge of the prisoners and arms, he mounted 
a horse he had found near by and riding back to the fort 
reported the formal surrender to General Ames. Cheer upon 
cheer now rang out on the night air; the fact of the capture of 
the fort was signaled to the fleet. The naval vessels sent up 
rockets in celebration of the glorious event. In the excitement 
of the moment the killed, the dying, and the wounded were 
apparently forgotten. 

Consequent to the fall of Fort Fisher the enemy, during the 
nights of the sixteenth and seventeenth, blew up Fort Caswell, 
and abandoned both it and their extensive works on Smith's 
Island, at Smithsville and Reeve's Point, and all the works 
erected to defend F"ort Fisher. 



58 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

There were found in the fort one hundred and sixty-nine 
pieces of artillery, two thousand stand of small arms, commis- 
sary stores, and full supplies of ammunition. The prisoners 
numbered one hundred and twelve commissioned officers and 
nineteen hundred and seventy-one enlisted men. — See General 
Terry's Report. 

The sacrifices of the army, navy and marine corps in killed 
and wounded amounted to eight hundred men. The rebel loss 
was trifling compared to ours. 

In the language of General Ames, " The names of every offi- 
cer and man engaged in this desperate conflict should be men- 
tioned." Space will not allow the full recital of the sacrifices 
and acts of heroism of that eventful day. 

" Of General Ames," says General Terry, in his oflicial report 
of the battle, " I have already spoken in a letter recommending 
his promotion. He commanded all the troops engaged, and 
was constantly under fire. His great coolness, good judgment 
and skill were never more conspicuous than on this assault." 

Colonels Curtis, Pennypacker, Bell, and Abbott, the brigade 
commanders, led their men with the utmost gallantry. 

On the second expedition the fleet was handled with perfect 
skill, and the firing was most effective. Every request made by 
Terry of Porter was cheerfully complied with, and the utmost 
harmony existed between them from the outset to the close of 
the battle. 

The assault of the sailors and marines although it failed, 
undoubtedly contributed to the success of the army. But this 
repulse proved to be a short-lived victory, for the enemy had 
scarcely tmie to utter a shout of triumph before it found itself 
called upon to turn its entire force against the army, which it 
engaged in a hand-to-hand fight for seven hours, and during 
which time the sailors took no part in the fighting, and strange 
as it may appear, no attempt was made to rally them to renew 
their effort to " board the fort in a seaman-like manner." 

In the uncertain light of the early dawn our exhausted men 
could be seen, with here and there one of the enemy of whom 
no notice had been taken, lying on the sand wrapped in their 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 69 

blankets just where they had found themselves after the fight, 
whether they had joined their own regiments or not. They lay 
like corpses with their bronzed faces rigid in the slumber of 
sheer exhaustion. To arouse them from their death-like sleep 
they had to be rudely shaken, when with haggard eyes they 
arose like beings summoned against their wills from much 
needed rest. 

The writer comes now to the relation of an episode as dread 
as it was unexpected. 

In the northeast angle of the fort was the reserve magazine. 
It was a frame structure twenty by sixty feet and six feet high, 
covered with eighteen feet or more of sand well turfed, and 
contained probably thirteen thousand pounds of powder. It 
made an artificial mound most inviting to a wearied soldier, and 
after the fight Colonel Alden's One Hundred and Sixty-ninth 
New York Regiment found itself near it. The members of this 
regiment laid themselves there for rest. Two sailors who had 
wandered into the fort, and who, it is said, had drunk of brandy 
found in the hospital, were seen to enter the magazine. The 
next moment the green mound blew up, killing some two hun- 
dred Federal soldiers and some Confederates. The entire struct- 
ure, with a dull, heavy sound that shook the surrounding 
country, went up into the air like an immense water-spout, with 
timbers, debris, and human forms flying against the sky. The 
existence of telegraph-wires between a bomb-proof near this 
magazine gave rise to the belief that it had been purposely 
exploded from the opposite shore, but an official investigation 
traced it to the sailors already mentioned. 

The writer wishes to draw attention to the fact that Whiting 
and Lamb, through staft'-officers, had requested to be taken back 
to the fort after the battle. They would not have made this 
request if they had known the magazine was to be exploded 
the next morning. Certainly if the magazine was to have been 
exploded they would have known it. 

By a providential change of mind the life of General Ames 
was spared from this catastrophe, as he had at one time after 
the surrender decided to establish his headquarters for the rest 



60 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

of the night in a small out-building on the very spot of this 
explosion. 

Admiral Porter's theory in relation to the force necessary to 
capture the fort seems to have been that alter the navy had 
bombarded it any land force could successfully assault it, and 
that when such a force had reached the parapet, the garrison 
would capitulate. Porter makes use of the following language 
in describing the events of the first expedition : " Until late in 
the day of the 26th the fort lay at our mercy, and if the men 
had not been brought off the rebels would have surrendered 
when they marched up and the navy opened fire." (See Report 
of Committee on the Conduct of the War, page 78.) . . . 
"They [the forts] were so blown up, burst up, and torn up that 
the people inside had no intention of fighting any longer. . . 
Never was a fort that invited soldiers to walk in and take pos- 
session more plainly than Fort Fisher. . . . We have shown 
the weakness of this work. It can be taken at any moment in 
one hour's time." — See Report of Secretary of Navy, page 51. 

To the superficial observer the final capture of the fort might 
seem to prove the correctness of these views, but in fact it 
establishes the contrary. It has been shown by the experience 
of the second expedition that assaulting the fort was but a small 
part of the work to be done, for after the troops had gained the 
inside and rear of the land- and sea-face of the fort, the fight, 
which partook of the nature of a battle of infantry against 
infantry, continued for over seven hours. This great fact has 
been lost sight of by those who believe that the engineer offi- 
cers showed a lack of judgment on the first expedition. Porter, 
however, afterwards changed his mind on the subject of the 
strength of the fort and the forces necessary to carry it. In 
his testimony before the Committee on the Conduct of the 
War (see page 190) he says, " I have since visited P^ort P^isher 
and the adjoining works, and find their strength greatly beyond 
what I had conceived. An engineer might be excusable in 
saying they could not be captured except by regular siege. I 
wonder even now how it was done. The work, as I said before, 
is really stronger than the Malakoff Tower, which defied so 
long the combined power of P^'rance and England." 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 61 

All honor to the officers and men on land and sea, who, dis- 
heartened by no defeat, discouraged by no obstacle, appalled 
by no danger, neither paused nor swerved until the national 
colors floated over the ramparts of Fort Fisher, thus closing 
the gate-way of the Confederacy to the outer world. 

While the events that have just been described were taking 
place before Fort Fisher, Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, 
who had been at Savannah, in conference with General Sher- 
man, was returning north on the steamer " Spaulding." On the 
day following the capture of the fort he arrived off New Inlet, 
and called on Admiral Porter and General Terry, who had gone 
on board the " Malvern," and then learned of this brilliant 
achievement of the army and navy. After receiving the infor- 
mation imparted to him by Admiral Porter as to the navy and 
by General Terry as to the army, he proceeded to Fortress 
Monroe. On his arrival at that place he sent a dispatch to the 
President. That this famous telegram, which recites the move- 
ments and action of the army was inspired by Alfred H. Terry 
and dictated by him to Edwin M. Stanton does not admit of 
a shadow of a doubt, nay more, that portion of it which 
describes the army operations discloses its source as clearly as 
if it had been signed b)- Terry himself. 

The Secretary's dispatch to the President is marked " Official." 
It is dated Fortress Monroe, Tuesday, lo A. M., January 17th, 
1865. This was the first official statement that reached the 
people. The names, it contains, became impressed on the public 
mind, and incredible as it may appear the name of Adelbert 
Ames is not once mentioned in this dispatch to the President as 
proved by the following extracts which include every name 
occurring therein : 

EXTRACTS. 

" The rebel flag of Fort Fisher was delivered to me on board 
the steamer ' Spaulding,' off that place, yesterday morning, 
January 16, by Major-General Terry. An acknowledgment and 
thanks for their gallant achievement was given in your name to 



62 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Admiral Porter and General Terry, from whom the following 
particulars were obtained." 

" A reconnoissance was made by General Terry on Saturday." 

% ^ % ^ % ^ 'i^ 

" The front was assaulted at the hour mentioned by a column 
of seamen and marines, eighteen hundred strong, under com- 
mand of Captain Breese." 

"The assault on the other and most difficult side of the fort 
was made by a column of three thousand troops of the old 
Tenth Corps, led by Colonel Curtis, tinder the immediate super- 
vision of General Terry." — (The italics are the author's.) 

******* 

" Admiral Porter contributed to the success of the assaulting 
column by signals between himself and General Terry at brief 

intervals." 

******* 

" At about ten o'clock at night the enemy were entirely driven 
from the fort, forced down towards Federal Point, followed by 
a brigade of our troops, and about twelve o'clock at night, Gen- 
eral Whiting surrendered himself and his command to General 
Terry." 

" Colonel Curtis was severely but not mortally wounded. 
Colonel Bell died of his wounds Monday morning. Colonel J. 
W. Moore and Lieutenant-Colonel Lyman were killed. Colonel 
Pennypacker was badly wounded, also Lieutenant-Colonel Coan." 

"General Leroy reported to Surgeon-General Barnes that he 

had ample provision of surgeons," etc. 

******* 

" How the explosion occurred was not known; but General 

Terry believed it was occasioned by accident or neglect." 

******* 

" General Hoke's division, reported as five thousand, was at 
Wilmington. ... A demonstration was made by General 
Hoke against our defensive line." 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 63 

" Their respective commanders, Admiral Porter and General 
Terry, vied in their commendation of each other. Each seemed 
more anxious to do justice to the other than to claim anything 

for himself." 

******* 

" General Beauregard, a few days before, pronounced it [the 

fort] impregnable." 

******* 

" General Whiting had three wounds in the thigh. Colonel 
Lamb also, who had gone into the fort with re-enforccments 
and to relieve General Whiting on Sunday, is wounded." 

The history of the Civil War docs not afford a parallel to 
the successful assault on Fort P'isher, and the conflicts of other 
lands would be searched in vain for its counterpart, for in no 
war until the Crimean had the system of earthwork defenses 
been tested, and in the Crimea there is no instance of a suc- 
cessful assault upon any work till it had been regularly approached 
by elaborate and protracted siege operations. For the first time 
a really formidable earthwork was carried by a direct assault, 
and in a military view, therefore, the storming of Fort Fisher is 
probably entitled to be reckoned the most brilliant, as it surely 
was the most remarkable victory of the war. 

From the facts that have been set down in this paper, does it 
not occur to the reader's sense of justice that Terr\-, in failing 
to acknowledge Ames' services, and by suppressing his name in 
the recital that was about to go before the country, and one that 
would be sure to make a wrong impression that only iiistory 
could correct, did a great injustice to a gallant officer? If Terry 
had stated that the fighting and leadership of the troops had 
devolved on Ames, who led the charge over the walls of Fort 
Fisher with his division and remained fighting with it, and the 
other troops that were sent to him, until the close of the action, 
he (Terry) would have told a plain and truthful tale; but when 
he put his own name forward as personally supervising the con- 
flict — except within the scope of his action as already stated — 
he did a wrong to the actual hero of the fight, whose name 
should be a household word throughout the land. 



64 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

While there was an irony in the fate of that officer who was 
shot by an Indian and had his name spelt incorrectly in the 
newspapers, there was a refinement of injustice in the suppres- 
sion of the name and deeds of Adelbert Ames in this recital of 
the capture of Fort F"isher, inspired and dictated by the gene- 
ral commanding, as it was, and made authoritative by the sig- 
nature of the secretary of war. 

Terry's information and description given to Stanton was like 
a representation of Hamlet with the role of Hamlet omitted. 

In Major-General Terry's official report of the battle, which 
was sent to the adjutant-general of the army, he says of Gene- 
ral Ames, " I have already spoken in a letter recommending his 
promotion. He commanded all the troops engaged and \vas 
constantly under fire. His great coolness, good judgment, and 
skill were never more conspicuous than on this assault." 

This report to the adjutant-general of the army was not the 
one he gave to Secretary Stanton in person, and must not be 
confounded with it. 

The report to the great War Secretary went blazing forth to 
the whole world, and was known of all men ; the other report 
went direct to a pigeon-hole in the War Department. 

For that day's work Terry was promoted brigadier-general in 
the regular army ; Colonel Pennypacker, among other promo- 
tions, received that of brigadier-general of volunteers, and Colo- 
nel Curtis was made a brigadier-general of volunteers, while the 
record shows that Ames, who was then a brigadier-general of 
volunteers, was " promoted Brevet Brigadier-General U. S. Army 
for gallant and meritorious services at the capture of F"ort 
Fisher, N. C, January 15th, 1865 " ! 



(Official.) 

FROM SECRETARY STANTON TO THE PRESIDENT. 

(From the New York Times, Thurselay, January ig, iS6j.) 

Fortress Monrok, Tuesday, January 17, 1865, 10 p. M. 

" The rebel flag of Fort Fisher was delivered to me on board 
the steamer * Spaulding,' off that place, yesterday morning, Jan- 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 65 

uary i6, by Major-General Terry. An acknowledgment and 
thanks for their gallant achievement was given in your name to 
Admiral Porter and General Terr}-, from whom the following 
particulars were obtained : The troops arrived off Fort Fisher 
Thursday night; Friday they were all landed under cover of a 
heavy fire from the squadron. A reconnoissance was made by 
General Tcrr\' on Saturday. A strong defensive line against 
any of the enemy's forces coming from Wilmington was estab- 
lished on Saturday, and held by four thousand men, chiefly 
colored troops, and an assault was determined on The assault 
was made on Sunday afternoon at half-past three o'clock. 

" The sea-front of the fort had been greatly damaged and 
broken by a continuous and terrible fire of the fleet for three 
days, and the front was assaulted at the hour mentioned by a 
column of seamen and marines, eighteen hundred strong, under 
command of Captain Breese. They reached the parapet; but 
after a short conflict this column was checked, driven back in 
disorder, and was afterwards placed on the defensive line, tak- 
ing the place of a brigade that was brought up to re-enforce 
the assaulting column of troops. Although the assault on the 
sea-front failed, it performed a useful part in diverting the atten- 
tion of the enemy and weakening their resistance to the attack 
by the troops on the other side. The assault on the other and 
most difficult side of the fort was made by a column of three 
thousand troops of the old Tenth Corps, led by Colonel Curtis, 
under the immediate supervision oi General Terry. The ene- 
my's force in the fort was over two thousand. The conflict 
lasted for seven hours. The works were so constructed that 
every traverse afforded the enemy a new defensive position, 
from whence they had to be driven. They were seven in num- 
ber, and the fight was carried on from traverse to traverse for 
seven hours by a skillfull}- directed fire thrown into the trav- 
erses. One after another they were occupied by the enemy. 
Admiral Porter contributed to the success of the assaulting col- 
umn by signals between himself and General Terry at brief 
intervals. The fire was so well managed as to damage the 
enemy without injury to our troops. 



66 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

" At about ten o'clock at night the enemy were entirely 
driven from the fort, forced down towards Federal Point, fol- 
lowed by a brigade of our troops, and about twelve o'clock at 
night, General Whiting surrendered himself and his command 
to General Terry unconditionally as prisoners of war, numbering 
over eighteen hundred, the remainder of his force being killed 
and wounded. 

" Our loss was not accurately ascertained on Monday after- 
noon, but was estimated at between seven and eight hundred in 
killed and wounded, besides the naval loss, which was slight, 
not exceeding one hundred killed and wounded. Not a snip 
nor a transport was lost. 

" Colonel Curtis was severely but not mortally wounded. 
Colonel Bell died of his wounds Monday morning. Colonel J. 
W. Moore and Lieutenant-Colonel Lyman were killed. Colonel 
Pennypacker was badly wounded ; also Lieutenant-Colonel 
Coan. A complete list of the killed and wounded will be for- 
warded as soon as it can be prepared. 

" General Leroy reported to Surgeon-General Barnes that he 
had ample provision of surgeons, nurses, and hospital supplies 
for the wounded. They will be sent north to their respective 
States as fast as they can be placed on transports, of which 
there was ample supply. 

" On Monday morning, between six and seven o'clock, the 
magazine of Fort Fisher exploded, killing and wounding two 
or three hundred persons. 

" After the capture of the fort all the troops were withdrawn, 
except one brigade left in charge of the works. 

" How the explosion occurred was not known ; but General 
Terry believed it was occasioned by accident or neglect. 

" General Hoke's division, rei)orted as five thousand, was at 
Wilmington. A portion of it was thrown into the fcrt not long 
before the assault; and while that was going on a demonstra- 
tion was made by General Hoke against our defensive line, but 
it was found too strong for anything more than a skirmishing 
attack. 

"About eleven o'clock on Monday morning a heavy cloud 
of smoke was observed over Fort Smith, on the south side of 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 67 

New Inlet. The naval oflficer commanding that station reported 
that the enemy had fired their barracks and evacuated the fort. 
"Vou will be pleased to know that perfect harmony and con- 
cert of action existed between the land and naval forces, and 
their respective commanders, Admiral Porter and General 
Terry, vied in their commendation of each other. Each 
seemed more anxious to do justice to the other than to claim 
anything for himself, and they united in the highest commenda- 
tion of the naval and military officers and the forces engaged. 
To this harmony of feeling, and the confident spirit inspired, 
ma\-, perhaps, be attributed, in some degree, the success of our 
attack, with nearly equal numbers, against a resolute enemy in 
a work unsurpassed, if ever equaled, in strength, and which 
General l^eauregard, a few days before, pronounced impregna- 
ble. The armament of the fort was seventy-two guns, some 
of large calibre and rifled, and one Armstrong gun. The 
troops in the fort had rations for sixteen days. Their loss in 
killed and wounded was between four hundred and five hundred. 
General Whiting had three wounds in the thigh. Colonel 
Lamb also, who had gone into the fort with re-enforcements 
and to relieve General Whiting on Sunday, was wounded. On 
Monday everything was quiet as a Sabbath-day. The dead 
were being buried and the wounded collected and placed in 
transports and field hospitals. 

Edwin M. Stanton, 

''Secretary of War." 



Fort Fisher (Second Expedition). Capture. 
GENERAL AMES'S REPORT. 

Headquarters Second Division Twenty- fourth Army Corps, 
Fort Fisher, January i6, 1865. 

" Captain A. Terry, Assistant Adjutant-General: 

" I have the honor to submit the following report of the late 

movements and operations of this division : 

" On the night of the 2d the division, which had just returned 

to its camp from a demonstration against this point, received 



68 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

orders to prepare for a second expedition. I left camp on the 
3d, and embarked on ocean transports at Bermuda Hundred, 
between the hours of 7 and 9 v. M., on the 4th instant. The 
transport fleet sailed from Fortress Monroe on the morning of 
the i3th instant. 

"At 3 o'clock P. M. on the 15th, we stormed Fort Fisher. 
Brevet Brigadier-General N. M. Curtis' brigade (the First) made 
a lodgment on the northwest angle of the fort. I immediately 
ordered up Colonel G. A. Pennypacker's brigade (the Second). 
The enemy was at once driven from behind the palisading 
extending from the fort to the river, and about one-third of the 
work, its northwest angle, occupied by us. I then ordered up 
Colonel Bell's brigade (the Third), and moved it forward against 
and in rear of the sea-face of the work, the ground being much 
obstructed by the ruins of the barracks, lumber, and other rub- 
bish ; the enemy being protected by traverses, and taking 
advantage of the cover afforded by magazines, etc., checked 
our advance. Fighting of a most obstinate character continued 
till after dark, during which time we made considerable advance- 
ment on the left and captured about four hundred prisoners. 

" About 8 o'clock P. M., Colonel Abbott with his brigade com- 
pleted the occupation of the face of the work, extending from 
the ocean to the river. A general advance was now made, and 
the fort occupied without opposition. 

" The conduct of the officers and men of this division was 
most gallant. Aided by the fire of the navy and an attacking 
column of sailors and marines along the sea beach, we were 
able to pass over the open ground in front of the fort, through 
the gaps in the palisading in the ditch made by the nax-al fire, 
and finally to carry the work. 

" Where the name of every officer and man engaged in this 
desperate conflict should be submitted, I shall at present only 
be able to give a few of those most conspicuous. It is to be 
hoped that all may be suitably rewarded. 

"Brevet Brigadier-General N. M. Curtis, commanding First 
Brigade, was prominent throughout the day for his bravery, 
coolness, and judgment. His services cannot be overestimated. 



A MAN FROM MAINE. 69 

He fell a short time before dark, seriously wounded in the head 
by a canistor-sh>;t. Colonel G. A. Pennypacker, commanding 
Second Brigade, was seriously wounded while planting his col- 
ors on the third traverse of the work. This officer was sur- 
passed by none, and his absence during the day was most deeply 
felt and seriously regretted. Colonel L. Bell, commanding 
Third Brigade, was mortally wounded while crossing the bridge 
in advance of the palisading. He was an able and efficient 
officer, one not easily replaced. 

" I here submit the names of the regimental commanders, 
and in connection with the brigade commanders is the credit 
due them for the heroic conduct of their men. 

"Regimental commanders: First Brigade — One Hundred 
and Forty-second New York Volunteers, Lieutenant-Colonel A. 
M. Barney; One Hundred and Seventeenth New York Volun- 
teers, Lieutenant-Colonel F. H. Meyer; One Hundred and 
Twelfth New York Volunteers, Colonel J. F. Smith; Third 
New York Volunteers, Lieutenant E. A. Behan. Second Brig- 
ade — Forty-eighth New York Volunteers, Lieutenant-Colonel 
\V. B. Coan ; Seventy-sixth Pennsylvania Volunteers, Colonel 
J. S. Littell ; Forty-seventh New York Volunteers, Captain J. 
M. McDonald; Two Hundred and Third Pennsylvania Volun- 
teers, Colonel J. VV. Moore; Ninety-seventh Pennsylvania Vol- 
unteers, First Lieutenant J. VVainwright. Third Brigade — One 
Hundred and Sixty-ninth New York Volunteers, Colonel Alonzo 
Alden ; Thirteenth Indiana Volunteers, Lieutenant-Colonel S. 
M. Zent; Fourth New Hampshire Volunteers, Captain J. H. 
Roberts; One Hundred and Fifteenth New York Volunteers, 
Lieutenant-Colonel N. J. Johnson. 

" Colonel J. VV. Moore, Two Hundred and Third Pennsylva- 
nia Volunteers, behaved with the most distinguished gallantry. 
He was killed while passing the second traverse of the fort in 
advance of his regiment waving his colors. 

" F"ew equaled, none surpassed, the brave officer, Lieutenant- 
Colonel S. M. Zent, in command of the Thirteenth Indiana; 
his own regiment and a detachment of volunteers from the First 
Brigade, numbering in all one hundred men, were deployed 



70 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

within two or three hundred yards of the fort, and by their fire 
materially aided our advance. 

" Major J. R. Lawrence, Thirteenth Indiana Volunteers, and 
Lieutenant-Colonel James A. Colvin, One Hundred and Sixty- 
ninth New York Volunteers, also behaved in the most gallant 
manner, and rendered efficient service in collecting and organ- 
izing the troops which had become separated from their com- 
mands in the charge and in leading them to positions where 
important advantages were gained. 

" Captain G. W. Huckins, Fourth New Hampshire Volun- 
teers, and First Lieutenant J. Konig, Seventh United States 
Colored Troops, aides on the staff of Colonel L. B. Bell, com- 
manding Third Brigade, were untiring in their labors and ren- 
dered valuable services in the absence of my staff-officers, who 
had been stricken down in the early part of the engagement. 

" Privates Ulric Chapin and James Spring, Company G, One 
Hundred and Forty-second, D. O. Hotchkiss, Company A, and 
O. R. Kingsland, Company D, One Hundred and Twelfth New 
York Volunteers, volunteered to approach to a point consider- 
ably in advance of our skirmish line, which they did do, and by 
this step valuable information with reference to the ditch was 
gained. 

" Private James Cadman, wounded ; William Cabe, Company 
B, George Hoyt and S. R. Portens, Company C, D. H. Morgan 
and Edward Petue, Company E, E. H. Cooper, Company G, 
wounded; Silas Baker, Company H, missing; George Merril 
and William J. McDuff, Company I, Z. E. Ncahel and Brure 
Anderson, Company K, One Hundred and Forty-second New 
York Volunteers, volunteered to advance with the head of the 
column and cut down the palisading. Copies of the reports of 
the brigade commanders will be forwarded. In them will be 
found lists of officers and men who particularly distinguished 
themselves. It is recommended that medals be bestowed upon 
all enlisted men mentioned. 

" To my staff"-officers I am particularly indebted for their zeal 
and gallantry throughout the day : they were constantly passing 
to and fro and exposed to the hottest fire. I would respectfully 



A CAVALRYMAN IN THE ELEVENTH MAINE. 71 

recommend that they be brevetted for their services : Captain 
Charles A. Carleton, assistant adjutant-general; Captain A. G. 
Lawrence, acting aide-de-camp ; Captain H. C. Lockvvood, aide- 
de-camp ; Captain R. W. Dawson, assistant inspector-general; 
Captain J. S. Matthews, provost-marshal ; ("aptain B. B. Keeler. 
mustering-officer. 

" Captain Lawrence was the first man through the palisading, 
and in extending his hand to receive a guidon which he intended 
to place on the parapet of the works a shell exploded near him, 
taking oft" his left arm and seriously injuring his throat. He 
was afterwards shot in the right arm. For his services on this 
occasion, as well as those on a former one, I most earnestly urge 
his promotion. 

" Captain Dawson was disabled by a wound in the left arm. 

"To Captain Lockwood, General Whiting and Colonel Lamb 
surrendered with the garrison at Fort Buchanan. 

" I am very respectfully your obedient servant, 
(Signed^ "A. Ames, 

" Brigadier- General Volu)itecrs." 

Brevet Major H. C. Lockwood, 
Aidc-de-Camp to General Ames. 



A Cavalryman in the Eleventh Maine Infantry. 

CAPT. MONROE DAGGETT, ST. MARIES, IDAHO. 

After being discharged from the First Maine Cavalry, having 
served three years, two months and six days, I immediately 
accepted a commission as second lieutenant in the Eleventh 
Maine Infantry and went to Galloups Island, Boston harbor, to 
await transportation to the front. After remaining there a few 
weeks drilling recruits, we took ship for Fortress Monroe, Va., 
on the transport Mississippi. Quite a full account of that voy- 
age can be found in the National Tribune of Februar)- i8th, 
1892. under the heading, " Fighting Them Over," from the pen 
of A. C. McShane, who was a passenger on the ship. On 



72 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

arriving at my regiment I found quite as pleasant a state of 
affairs as I expected. I was well received by the officers, and 
very kindly treated. I was quite sick for two weeks from the 
effects of my sea voyage but continued on duty. We were 
camped at Chapin's farm, a few miles from Richmond, and 
about my first duty was to go on picket in front of the confed- 
erate capital, where " eternal vigilance was the price of liberty." 
My training in the cavalry came in good play. I knew all about 
picketing, and had the reputation of the First Maine Cavalry to 
sustain, for I soon acquired the title of the " Cavalry Lieuten- 
ant." Every officer felt that his regiment was equal to the best 
and deserving" quite as much credit as any other; therefore, 
coming from such a noted regiment I was not looked upon as a 
recruit, by any means, and you will pardon me, I trust, if I say 
that I did not play the part of a recruit, at least such was not 
my intention. I felt that I was a miniature Atlas, and had the 
reputation of the First Maine Cavalry on my shoulders, which 
I fully determined to carry. 

In the direction of Cold Harbor, Gen. Kautz' cavalry was 
doing picket duty during March, 1865, and when Sheridan came 
down from the Shenandoah Valley, Gen. Kautz was ordered to 
meet him. Consequently infantry had to take his place. A 
detachment was sent from my regiment and by mere chance, I 
always thought, I was sent in command. We remained four 
days on picket, and strange to state I was not relieved during 
the time. If my memory serves me right I did not sleep dur- 
ing the four days. We were finally relieved and returned to 
camp, just in time to find tents struck and all ready for a night 
march. We crossed the James and the Appomattox rivers that 
night and did not halt until the next morning, and then only 
long enough to eat breakfast. The ne.xt night we halted in front 
of Petersburg, near the camp of the Sixth Maine Battery, in 
which command I had a brother. I went to his tent, sat down 
on his bunk while he made me a cup of coffee, but before the 
coffee was ready I was asleep, and all efforts to wake me failed 
until the next morning. To my great satisfaction my regiment 
had not moved and I had not been missed, so far as I ever 



A CAVALRYMAN IN THE ELEVENTH MAINE. 73 

learned. The next mornins^, March 29th, we marched for 
Hatcher's Run, within a few miles of which place we met the 
enemy's skirmish line and they objected to our further advance, 
but we advanced all the same up to within about four hundred 
yards of their works and got down to business in earnest. We 
skirmished in the day time and did picket b}' nii^ht until the 
first day of April, when just before daylight the Eleventh Mis- 
sissippi charged our pickets, capturing several men of our reg- 
iment and one officer and killed Lieut. Ireland of Co. H and 
seriously wounded Major Baldwin in the shoulder, from which 
he is still a cripple. 

During the day much was said about the aftair, and Capt. 
Maxfield (a splendid fellow) whose lieutenant had been killed, 
was trying to smooth the affair over, when I showed a very 
large amount of indiscretion by stating in a very positive man- 
ner that in my humble opinion there was no cause for such a 
surprise, that my regiment (emphasizing the my) was never 
taken in, in any such way, and that there was not a corporal in 
the regiment that would have allowed such a surprise had he 
been in command. Col. Hill was standing near by and took in 
the conversation, as I soon learned, when Adjt. Hanscomb noti- 
fied me that I would be for picket that night. My brain was 
not so thick as to prevent my seeing through the cause of my 
detail for picket at that time, when I had just returned from 
four da}'s picket duty. The adjutant was my friend and sym- 
pathized with me, but it was the colonel's orders and I had to 
go. On reporting at brigade headquarters I found m}'self the 
ranking officer on the line that night, Lieut. Griswold of the 
Tenth company being the only officer with me. The old picket 
was relieved and we went on duty. I stationed my men in 
holes in the ground that the Rcbs had dug for picket posts, 
twelve men in each post, just far enough apart to be a heavy 
skirmish line when deployed. I walked the line that night until 
about two A. iM. when a fearful fire of musketry commenced up 
the line near Fort Hell and it seemed to me as if the enemy 
were advancing, and I looked very anxiously for the brigade 
officer of the day (my friend Capt. Maxfield of my regiment). 



74 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

He did not come. Fearing that an advance would be made in 
our front and the reputation of the First Maine Cavalry resting 
on my shoulders would not be fully sustained, I deployed my 
skirmish line (without orders) and advanced towards the ene- 
my's entrenchments. Before advancing I went along the line 
and gave directions to every post to advance or fall back as the 
center of the line did, without orders, which command was fully 
obeyed. We advanced up to the first line of abatis, very quietly 
tore it down and, as the firing up the line somewhat ceased 
and no advance from the enemy in prospect, we fell back to our 
picket posts without anybody knowing that we had advanced 
one rod. All was quiet again and I was once more happy. 

About an hour before daylight the fog fell so thick that we 
could not see six feet, and as that was the condition of affairs 
the morning before when our picket line was surprised I felt 
sure that another advance would be made by the enemy. So, 
being fully determined to sustain the reputation that I had 
given the First Maine Cavalry, I advanced the picket line a sec- 
ond time, that I might surprise the Rebs instead of being sur- 
prised by them. That time we advanced to the second or last 
line of abatis and took that down also, marched a couple of 
rods inside and halted preparatory to giving our friends a warm 
reception when they came out to carry our picket line again. 
They did not attempt this, but when daylight came they gave 
us a very warm reception indeed. My men returned their fire 
from behind stumps while they fired from behind their breast- 
works. We settled down to business and I was sustaining the 
reputation of " my regiment " with a vengeance. The First 
Maine Cavalry always obeyed orders but I was into it in Al 
shape without orders. 

About this time Lieut. George Paine of my regiment came to 
my relief with about one hundred men, took position on the 
right of the line and opened fire. I did not go to interview him 
as my position behind a big pine stump was much safer than 
out in open ground. In a short time some of my men com- 
menced calling for more ammunition, and then and only until 
then did I realize my perilous situation. I had advanced with- 



A CAVALRYMAN IN THE ELEVENTH MAINE. 75 

out orders, brought on an engagement, and was nearly out of 
animunition. and to fall back meant the loss of at least one-half 
of my men, and if I did not get killed or captured I would 
surely be cashiered, so my only chance for my life and the rep- 
utation of the old First Maine was to charge the works — and 
get captured. I did not stop to think twice but gave the order 
— ^just as we lay behind the stumps — " Fix ba)'onets ! " which 
order was promptly obeyed by every man, including Lieut. 
Paine's detachment, and at the command " Charge ! " every 
man was on his feet and trying to get over those breastworks 
before the other fellow got there. Over we went, and to our 
extreme joy the little force of ninety-two men that had been 
left to be captured b}^ us surrendered. I only had eight men 
wounded. A West V'irginia brigade on our left and across 
Hatcher's Run, commanded by Gen. Harris I think, immedi- 
ately charged and carried the works in their front, capturing 
everything. My good friend, Capt. Maxfield — brigade officer 
of the day before — put in an appearance and about the same 
time Gen. Harris showed up in the redan that we had taken and 
asked who ordered that charge. I replied that I did, and after 
inquiring our regiment he walked away with the remark, " You 
will hear from me, young man." I did not know whether he 
meant Capt. Maxfield or myself, but I hoped that he meant 
the captain for he spoke in anything but commending terms, 
but we never heard anything from him, at least I did not. 

The really interesting part was, our brigade had gone to 
Petersburg, Fort Gregg, in the night and left the officer of the 
day with Lieut. Paine's company to bring my command away 
after daylight, which he did as soon as he could get where we 
were. He remained with Lieut. Paine until after the charge, 
which was quite as dangerous as where I was. We joined our 
regiment just before the final charge on Fort Gregg. The next 
morning when the regiment was reorganized Capt. Maxfield 
was assigned to duty as major and I was given command of his 
Co. IL which positions we held until we returned \o Richmond 
after the surrender at Appomattox, our regiment taking an act- 
ive part in the last charge a few moments after Lee had surren- 



76 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

dcred. After returning to Richmond I was detached from my 
regiment and assigned to duty as assistant provost marshal, 
where I remained until the city was turned over to civil authority. 
In conclusion, I wish to say that I had a \'ery mistaken idea 
of the infantry, as all know who were there. The last campaign 
was the hardest of the war, and the infantry made cavalry time 
on that march, and I have to report that the infantry service 
except the last campaign was a picnic as compared with the 
cavalry service. I was never punished or even reprimanded 
for my action on the skirmish line at Hatcher's Run, but on the 
contrary was on the best of terms with every officer and man 
in the regiment, from the colonel down. And just here I want 
to record the fact that no better, braver, more faithful to duty 
and the cause of the Union lot of officers and men were ever 
organized into a regiment than those comprising the Eleventh 
Maine Infantry, from Col. Hill down, your humble servant 
excepted of course. After serving a full term in the First 
Maine Cavalry I ought to know whereof I speak. My service 
in the infantry was of the most pleasant and satisfactory char- 
acter, considering the time and duties to be performed, and I 
look back to the days that I spent with the Eleventh Maine 
Infantry, counting even the hard work and exhaustion of the 
time from Chapin's farm on the north side of the James River 
to Appomattox Court House and back to Richmond as among 
the most pleasant of my life. 



Eleventh Maine at Appomattox Court House. 

BY THOMAS J. HOLMES, SECOND SERGEANT, CO. G. 

I will commence my story April 8th, 1865. We commenced 
marching at the Appomattox river at a burnt bridge west of 
I'^armville, where we arrived the night of the seventh of April. 
We started before daylight in a thick fog back for the main 
road \vc left the night of the seventh. The road on which we 
continued to march all day was the road over which the cavalry 
had gone, and all along the way we saw jaded and played 



THE ELEVENTH MAINE AT APPOMATTOX. 77 

out horses which had been turned loose. About six o'clock in 
the afternoon we heard cannon firing and fighting going on in 
front of us a good distance ahead ; later on a courier came back 
and the news spread like fire running through the grass that 
Sheridan's cavalry had captured a train of cars loaded with sup- 
plies; then our officers commenced urging us on. Away we 
went, until eleven o'clock that night, the eighth of April, '65. 
We came up to the railroad and trains and to the cavalry guard- 
ing the same, pushed across the track where two cars had been 
shackled, then crossed a broad turnpike into a pine forest, and 
here lay down for the night. At four o'clock in the morning, 
April 9th, we moved up the broad pike straight ahead, with 
woods on the left side and fields on the right. We arrived just 
at daybreak at an almost square turn in the pike to the left, and 
in the field on the right side of the pike were the headquarters 
of Generals Sheridan and Custer. Our men at this time com- 
menced singing out " hot coffee." Gen. Sheridan came out and 
said something to our commander. Gen. Ord. Our division, 
the first. Twenty-fourth Army Corps, filed in to the field on the 
right of the pike and commenced cooking coffee. The water 
had not boiled when we heard rifle shots away out on the pike. 
Soon they got thicker and faster and we had orders to fall in 
quick. We kicked over the hot water and fell into line as quick 
as we could. Orders were given to double-quick, so on we 
went double-quick; a heavy growth of timber on the left side 
of the pike and scrub oaks on the right. We had double- 
quicked a long distance when we came to a down hill grade in 
the pike. Here we met some of the cavalry falling back, com- 
ing out of the scrub oak on the right side of the pike, and I 
remember well a cavalry major coming up the pike and singing 
out at the top of his voice for us to fall back, that we would all 
be taken prisoners. Gen. Hill ordered us forward, and we 
charged the pike till we came to si.x pieces of artillery — twelve- 
pound brass-pieces— in the middle of the pike. Right here 
was a road on the left of the pike leading to Lynchburg, as we 
understood at the time. Wc passed this road and the cannon, 
meeting horses without riders. We cleared our way until we 



78 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

came to a pair of bars leading into a small field, triangular in 
shape, surrounded by woods on- all sides. We tore the bars 
away and charged into the field. Here we formed a new line 
of battle and marched in line to the back end of the field, close 
to the fence. I must mention here that there were one or two 
old rebel wagons in this field, loaded with all kinds of plunder. 
I remember seeing Gen. Foster, commander of our division, 
draw his sword and demand of some cavalrymen who had fol- 
Joucd close behind us into the field and were pilfering the 
wagons, to give up the plunder as it belonged to his men and 
not to the cavalry. They gave up the plunder to Gen. Foster, 
and if my memory serves me right, one of the trophies was a 
blue silk banner that belonged to the Norfolk Blues. Here 
orders were given to fix' bayonets and charge. I was one of 
the company on the extreme left of the regiment, being in 
Company G ; our regiment held the extreme left of the divi- 
sion. We charged there from the field through a heavy growth 
of hard wood timber, through low land at first then rising 
ground. We kept on until we came to a field, sort of ox-bow 
shape. Our left at this time rested close by a small white 
house ; Company H near the house, and Company G to right 
of the house, near corn house and tobacco house, lying down 
behind the fence. When we came over the crest of the hill 
there was a rebel battery in the ox-bow field that opened a 
murderous fire on us with grape and canister, and a good many 
of our boys fell dead and wounded. I lay low with the boys 
on the left of my company behind the fence, shooting at the 
rebel artillery. Our whole attention was directed in front watch- 
ing the artillery and getting in a shot when we could, not dream- 
ing that the whole right had fallen back — even the whole right 
of our company had fallen back. The first notice I had of this 
was from five or six rebel cavalrymen, wearing red caps, and 
mounted, coming out from behind the tobacco house on our 

right, singing out " Surrender, you d d Yanks." I sung out 

" Boys, get up, the rebs are on us." I told the boys to blaze 
away at them; they did so and the cavalry fell back behind the 
tobacco house for cover. I told the boys to run for the timber. 



THE ELEVENTH MAINE AT APPOMATTOX. 79 

Wc all made for the timber, and when we got there each man 
got behind a tree and commenced blazing away ait the cavalry- 
men. While behind the trees we saw the cavalrymen take some 
of Company H prisoners, among whom was an Arabian, very 
dark and with curly hair. The rebs song out " He is a nigger; 
kill him ! " We could sec and hear the poor fellow pleading 
for his life ; that he was not a negro but an Arab. The next 
scene was the artillery in the field, limbering up and going back 
at break-neck speed towards the court house. Here we com- 
menced to fall back to see where the regiment was. We went 
through the woods some two hundred yards into low land, when 
we heard voices. I told the boys to lay low and I would see 
who was there. I picked my way from tree to tree for about 
three rods, then peaked out and saw the old flag of our regi- 
ment. It was drawn up in line of battle, with Major H. C. 
Adams in command. I sang out to the boys to come on and 
we all came from the woods together, and when the regiment 
saw us they cheered. We fell into our places, and were ordered 
to fix ba}'onets and charge. We charged through the woods 
again, coming out in the field to the left of the white house. 
Soon after reaching the field wc were called to a halt, and at 
this place the white rag came out, or the flag of truce. At this 
point, while in line, we heard yelling in the rear coming from 
the woods and shouting and cheering. We looked around and 
saw the colored troops coming up from the woods we had just 
left. Then we moved still farther to the left, as far as the field 
extended next to the woods. There was a road running straight 
along parallel with our line, past us, then through the woods to 
the field and past the house. The Eleventh did some shooting 
and skirmishing with Fitz-Hugh Lee and his cavalry. We held 
the left then and until we marched back to Farmville after Lee's 
army was paroled. All of this is just as I remember things at 
that time, and I think I am right. I do not know what hap- 
pened on the right on the first charge to cause the break, but 
have been told that a brigade of hundred day men who were on 
the right when the grape and canister came, broke and run and 
so caused the line to fall back and form again. 



80 THE MAINE BUGLE. 



Reveille. 

O voices winter-clear, awake ! 

In all the wild familiar shrines; 
In thunder on the great shores break; 

Call from the deathless mountain pines 
The chant, that lulled their cradle rest. 

The sweet refrain to heart and brain; 
Cry " Welcome ! " down each cliff and crest 

For these, our boys — the sons of Maine ! 

For two years and a half have the First Maine Cavalry skir- 
mished with the First Maine BUGLE. They have fully found 
out the lay of the land and ascertained the position of the 
enemy, and now, in the usual cavalry custom, they propose to 
withdraw the curtain of their ranks and let the infantry men of 
Maine and the red artillery do some shooting. Don't be 
alarmed about your flanks. The cavalry will be out that way, 
somewhere, and when you have defeated the opposing foe you 
will hear them yell as though they had performed all the fight- 
ing. But in good fellowship do not take umbrage at their noise ; 
for it is a military axiom that the cavalry yell on the flank or 
in the rear of the enemy's column is as efifective in demoraliz- 
ing their ranks as the sharp, close crack of repeating carbines. 
The clear field now before you is all Maine, and on the field 
thus developed and made ready for the muskets and guns of 
the artillery and infantry, )'ou are urged to take your position 
and open fire. 

We ask the attention of every reader of this first Call to its 
distinctive Maine flavor, and to the fact that such flavor is as 
upright and fragrant as her northern spruce. One feature in 
this Maine atmosphere is the adherence of her soldiers to an 
unbending devotion to the lines of duty as relentless and full of 
purpose as her northern winters. The first article — Comrade 
Brown's, of the First Maine Heavy Artillery — has aroused crit- 
icism and discussion. This is one purpose of the BUGLE. It 




Dr. HORACE C. WHITE, 

Asst. Surgeon 8th Me. inf. 

Somerville, Mass. 



REVEILLE. 81 

is to awake each and every comrade who hears its notes to 
declare in enduring form what he remembers and knows con- 
cerning " that great struggle which preserved constitutional 
liberty on the face of the earth." Such narration must be 
honest and not imaginative. It may vary from the actual facts 
but such variation must be due to the smoke and confusion that 
hangs over every participant in actual battle, and not to a desire 
to vary or wrongfully color. Every excited and actual worker 
in front of the enemy's fire sees a narrow field of view with no 
perspective and with a universal misconception of time and 
distance, but such detached pictures are the life of any regi- 
mental or other organization seeking material for history. The 
very design of the Bugle is to break up the soil that lies buried 
under thirty years or more of subsequent struggle for livelihood 
and material ends. 

The First Maine Heavy Artillery is grandly noticed in this 
issue ; next, sandwiched between a melody of poetry, appears 
an appetizing sketch of the early services of the Eighth Maine. 
Tn the April issue a bright and interesting narration of experi- 
ence in southern prisons and escape of a member of the Eighth 
Maine will appear. It is right to remark here that the Eighth 
Maine are fully awake and will crowd every issue of this year's 
Bugle with pictures of her comrades and articles of value to 
her members and of exceeding interest to lovers of Maine. 

Next in order comes the leading and most important article 
in the issue, " A Man from Maine," a true history of the army 
at Fort Fisher; a clear, honest narration of what was done, 
bearing its own justification on its face and giving the right 
proportions of the various actors by their own words and their 
positions in the fight at the time. It is an article of great and 
permanent historic value and should be carefully re-read to see 
how clear and strong its deductions are established. 

Attention is further called to the interesting and attractive 
manner in which the Eleventh Maine with two leading articles, 
wheels into line on the pages of the BUGLE and how grandly 
that regiment, which on foundation unstable as water, builded 
the resting place for the feet of the Angel, symbollically called 



82 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

from heaven to send its messages into the heart of Charlestown 
from her own inaccessible swamps, continued her serv'ices till 
the final campaign of Lee's surrender. Her losses in killed on 
the 9th of April, 1865, were only equaled by one other regi- 
ment, and that regiment was from Maine. Now follows page 
after page of distinctive echoes, all of which will interest e\'ery 
reader and are in themselves a rich reward, like " the song that 
from the heart is poured." 



A FEW CORRECTIONS AND AN IMPORTANT SUGGESTION. 

Augusta, December 26th, 1893. 
Gen. J. P. CiLLEY, 

Dear Comrade — In looking over the advance sheet, pages one to sixteen, of this 
issue, I have become interested in the article of Comrade Joel F. Brown of Co. I, 
First Maine Hea\y Artillery, on page four. For the sake of historical accuracy, I 
will give the figures of some of our losses which he gives from recollection. The list 
of killed and wounded at Spottsylvania as printed at that time numbeied four hun- 
dred and eight}'-four, with seventeen missing, ten of whom at least proved to be 
wounded and three prisoners. About twenty who were slightly wounded did not 
leave the regiment. The loss of the regiment at Petersburg has been set down at 
six hundred and four, of which Co. I lost forty-five and not sixty-nine as his article 
would indicate. The comrade must be in error as to the cause of the death of Lieut. 
Samuel J- Oakes, afterwards captain of Co. I. He was killed in action March 25th, 
1865, near Hatcher's Run. In regard to halting, dressing with "guides on a line" 
and going through with the manual of arms after starting out on the fielil at Peters- 
burg I must disagree with my comrade. Col. Chaplin never needlessly exposed his 
regiment, as his weeping over the loss of his men clearly proves. And in regard to 
his throwing away his life, he threw it away just as four hundred and twenty-live 
others of our brave boys did, in the faithful performance of a stern duty as ordered 
by a superior officer. Now in regard to being on the field twenty minutes; I think 
five would be nearer the correct time. The distance from the road to the breastworks 
is less than four hundred yards, less than h.ilf a mile out and back, over which a man 
could easily walk in ten minutes; and as we mafle no halt after starting but advanced 
on a double quick and retreated with all the speed at our command, the time we were 
on the held was decidedly brief. Every memiier of the F"irst Maine Heavy .Artillery 
who reads this number of the Bugle will at once recognize the list of losses on page 
eight accompanying the article as part of a circular letter prepared by myself and 
sent out to the members of our regiment and some others for additions and correc- 
tions. But through some misunderstanding the list was printed in the Bugle without 
my corrections, but now it is printed let us turn it to good account. Let it be under- 
stood that this list does not truly represent our losses. Since getting it out I have 
learned of over eighty wounded men whose names are not on the list, besides a large 
number that I have found are located in the wrong action, and a few will be stricken 



REVEILLE. 83 

off the list as not wounded. I have also accounted for nearly one-half of my list of 
" Not accounted for." Now let ever>' meml>er of the First Maine Hea\y, or any 
other person who has any knowledge of the facts, write me supplying any omissions 
or corrections that should be made in the list, and in the April number of the Bi'glf 
I will have all the new names and changes published. 

Yours in F., C. & L., 

Ch.\kles J. HorsE, 
Historian of First Maine Hea\"s- .\rtillerv. 



Gloucester, M.\ss., December 22d, 1893. 
Mv Dear General, 

Your kind letter, also its contents from Comrade Parsons of Dwight, 111., together 
with a part of the Blgle for January next, has just been received and tinds me sick 
and under the doctor's care; yet comrade Brown's article rouses me all up. He is in 
error, T think, about Col. Chaplin leading his regiment. Col. Chaplin wsis in com- 
mand of the brigade, Gen. Mott in command of the division, and Gen. Birney in 
command of the Second Corps. I don't remember of seeing Col. Chaplin at the time 
of the charge. Lt.-Col. Talbot was away sick. The regiment as I recollect it was 
in command of Maj. R. B. Sheppard. The order came from Gen. Mott for the charge 
to be made, and was given by his assistant inspector, Capt. Isaac ^V. Starbird, Nine- 
teenth Maine Regiment, who went into the charge with us. Only Birney "s division. 
Third Division, Second Corps, was there, consisting of the three brigades. Our 
brigade was in the center, massed into column of regiments, but our regiment being 
so ver)- large was massed in three lines of four companies each. The tirst line was 
commanded by Maj. R. B. Sheppard, second by Capt. Whitney S. Clark, Co. E, and 
the third line by Capt. Christopher V. Grossman, Co. D. The other two brigades were 
on our right and left one hundred and tifty or two hundred yards away. The brigade 
containing the First Massachusetts Heavy Artillery was at or near the O. P. Hare 
house, where afterwarils was built Fort Steadman. Now Gen. Mott writes me that 
his intention was to have our brigade make the charge, led by the First Maine Heavy 
.\rtillery, which was a new regiment, had not seen the tiger nor felt its claws, there- 
fore unmindful of its danger, and might possibly go through the rebel lines. ** Then 
it w'.s my duty," says he, " to have the old tried regiments ready to profit by any 
advantage we might gain." When I came off the lield, probably ten minutes from 
the time the charge was ordered and started, I saw Col. Chaplin coming towards our 
brigade, still massed in the road, consisting, I am informed by Gen. Starbird, of the 
First Maine Heavy Artillery, Sixteenth Massachusetts Infantry, One Hundred and 
Fifty-second New York Infantry, Seventh, Eighth and Eleventh New Jersey Infantry. 
He, Col. Chaplin, was riding towards us from our left, I think coming from Gen. 
Mott's position near the O. P. Hare house. I went towards him aiid met him about 
seventy-five yards from the brigade. He sai.1, " L<5w, isn't that a damned shame? " 
and the tears started down his cheeks. He said, "Get your men together and see 
what has happened." He then rode towards the rest of the brigade and began to 
damn them for not going in. He said, " There are the men you have been making 
fun of; you did not dare follow them. If I ever hear one of you call them heavy again 
I'll shoot you on the spot." You will see by what 1 have written that the word 
brigade should be inserted instead of corps in the sixth line, sixth page. 



84 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

January 4th, 1894. 
A week ago yesterday I went to Melrose and spent three or four hours with Com- 
rade Brown. We talked over the whole matter and he told me he had learned many 
things about the charge he never knew before. I find he corroborates the story that 
Col. Chaplin offered his sword to Gen. Mott or Gen. Birney after the battle saying 
he should not need it any more, " There is my regiment lying in that field." But it 
has been disputed by Capt. H. H. Shaw of Portland, who was on Gen. Mott's staff. 
I will send with this, a book, " Frank Wilkenson's Recollections of a Private Soldier," 
an account of its graphic description of the march of the heavy artillery into Spott- 
sylvania. It begins on page eighty-two and covers five pages. That description is 
the best I have ever seen. The march was made by the Seventh and Eighth New 
York Heavy Artillery, First Maine and First Massachusetts Heavy Artillery on May 
17th, 1864. We marched from Belle Plains Landing to Falmouth, opposite Freder- 
icksburg, crossed the Rappahannock river to and through Fredericksburg, and con- 
tinued directly on to Spottsylvania, arriving there and going into bivouac about eleven 
o'clock that night. We were held in reserve in the rear lines the next day. The 
army moved to the left the nineteenth, and this brigade, or as it was called, Tyler's 
Division of Heavy Artillery, remained expecting a wagon of ammunition and com- 
missary supplies from Fredericksburg. About four o'clock in the afternoon as we 
were lying in the woods, our arms stacked near by, we suddenly heard not far away, 
probably not over one hundred rods, the crack, crack, crack of the advancing skir- 
mish line of rebel forces who had advanced to the wagons. We jumped into line, 
took arms and were ordered forward, "right oblique, double quick, march," and in 
this order the whole line advanced. We did not stop but passed the wagon train 
just in our front, the rebel skirmishers falling back to the woods beyond the road. 
We continued to advance till about seventy-five rods beyond the wood, through a field ; 
we came up to their line of battle. Thus began our first battle. We fought over 
two hours, many of us exposing ourselves unnecessarily; over half of the killed I 
believe were shot through the head. We were relieved after expending all our ammu- 
nition by one of the divisions of the Second Corps. We came off the field dripping 
with sweat and after getting our supper were marched ali jut one and a half miles 
away and went on picket in a low swampy place where we suffered severely with the 
cold as we had lost our blankets; we had thrown them into a pile just before going 
into the woods and placed a guard over tlum. We never saw them again. I have 
always remembered the suff"erings of that night as it was very cold. I am satisfied by 
what Comrade Brown says, that Col. Chaplin went in with his regiment and came out 
on the left near the O. P. Hare house, offered his sword to Gen. Mott, then called 
for his horse, and rode down and met me as before stated. Comrade Brown desires 
the following corrections made: On page six, ninth line from boitoT strike out the 
words, "And put us through the manuel of arms;" on page seven, fifth line from 
bottom, change "Gen. Birney" to Gen. Mutt; on page eight, fourth line from top, 
change "seventy-five men" to forty-nine. In your list of losses I fmd my name left 
out. T was woui\ded April 6th, 1865, at Sailor's Creek — Co. B, Capt. Fred C. Low — 
and in Co. I, Lt. Albert White was wounded at the same time and place. I have the 
photographs of all the officers of the regiment — one hundred and nmeteen — except 
one, Lt. Whitmore, Third Maine Battery, which belonged to the regiment ten months 
and twenty-five days. Yours truly, 

F. C. Low. 



BUGLE ECHOES. 85 



Bugle Echoes, 



Blow, bugle, hlovv; 

Set the wild echoes flying. 



LETTERS FROM THE COMRADES. 

Kendall Pollard, Co. K, Eighth Maine, of Swampscott, Mass., writes: 

I am always ready in a good warfare anrl will do my best to aid you as far as I can. 
I think that every comrade ought to have a copy of the roster of the regiment. I 
should like one. 

IN TWO REGIMENTS. 

Joseph F. Twitchell, Col. Eighth Maine and Capt. Second Maine Cavalry, of 

Hiram, Me., writes: 

I received a copy of the Bucle and was very much interested in it. The articles it 
contains are or should be of much interest to the old veterans. I left the Eighth in 
June, 1863, and joined the Second Maine Cavalry, and am not so familiar with the 
doings of the Eighth Maine after June, 1863, as Col. Boynton, and he would without 
duubt be pleased to prepare an article for your BuciLE. He is a very pleasing and 
forcible writer. I think a pul^lication of the roster and addresses of the members of 
the Eighth would interest "the boys," and have no doubt a large percentage of them 
will subscribe for the Bugle. I hope that you will meet «ith good success, as you 
deserve to, as you must have been to a good deal of expense. 

WILL DO ALL I CAN. 

J. W. Caldwell, Co. B, Eighth Maine, of Sherman's Mills, writes: 

I assure you if I felt competent to perform the task properly, and could devote 
myself to it, I should esteem it both a privilege and sacred duty; but I have engaged 
in an enterprise which will occupy all my time this fall and the tirst part of the winter 
at least. I shall be glad to contribute an article or two later, but not a leader. I 
shall most gladly do all I can to extend the circulation of the Bugle in this vicinity 
during the year 1894. 

WILL write an article. 

GusTAVUS Peasr, Co. A, Eighth Maine, of Bean's Corner, Me., writes : 

1 heartily concur with you as to the value of publishing history that the " Men of 
Maine " helped to make a third of a century ago. I have thought for years that a 
publication of the character that you propose might be of great interest and benefit. 
The fact is, I am a poor ploddmg farmer who has to work day by day for his daily 
bread, and such a life is not conducive to brilliancy of intellect, and I sus])ect that 
this is somewhat the condition of nearly all of the survivors of the Eighth Maine, if 
not of all the survivors of the war. But if no one does anything the good work that 
you have inaugurated will not go on, and although 1 have not been able to do any 



86 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

work for the proposed history of my own regiment as yet, I will give you my word 
that I will take time to endeavor to write an article for your publication. But with 
many of us the dollars are so few that we can enjoy neither politics no' reminiscence. 

A WAR sroKV. 
Rev. Oliver M. Cousens, Co. F, Eighth Maine, of Dexter, Me., writes: 

You propose my writing for the BuGLE. I think 1 will do so, though perhaps 
before deciding to what extent, I will ask to hear from you again. Certain injuries 
received in war have incapacitated me for the pastorate of a church but they have 
not incapacitated me for writing. And for this purpose I relinciuished my pastorate 
at Saint Clair, Pa., and came on here to this quiet place that 1 might write out what I 
have treasured up for these years. Of course I would be glad to have such work 
yield me something pecuniarily, but I will write you something anyway. I)oes your 
publication include any fiction? I have in my mind a war story of considerable 
length, embodying some of my own actual experience, and yet, to enhance the 
interest, containing a little tissue of fiction. You will favor me by saying whether or 
not such contribution would come within the line of your plan and whether you 
could make it of use. 

Note — Our plan includes fiction, poetry, biography, travels, exp'orations and 
everything appropriate to Magazine literature, but the especial trend of all our literary 
eflort must be personal experiences and historical accounts pertaining to the war 
of the rebellion, and its effect on the development of our country. The unifying 
bond (hat encircles all the papers of the Bugle is the i)ersonal element of comrade- 
ship, that what interests one comrade will interest another. As regards pecuniary 
profits, the Bugle can pay nothing. Articles appearing in the Bugle can be 
reprinted in book form at small expense b^ using the type before distribution. 

WOULD NOT believe HALF OF IT. 

Albert W. Friend, of Brooksville, Co. G, First Maine Cavalry, writes: 

Modesty forbids my writing up my experience as a prisoner of war, although I 
stated in my letter to you that I could give a short sketch of my capture and my four 
months experience in Libby Prison and also my escape from that den of misery. I 
was only a recruit in the old First Maine, and you know what a horror old veterans 
have for recruits, and if I should make a statement of all the proceedings from the 
time I was captured up to the time I was paroUed and have it published, I am afraid 
that the old veterans of the regiment would not belief half of it, and that would 
make me feel bad. But the recruits ilid not shirk their duty, they did the very best 
they could. I enlisted for three years or during the war and served about half of my 
time. Although I did not plant any flags on little Round Top, and was not the first 
man that entered Richmond when it was taken, I tried to do my duty; if 1 didn't, 
then it was no fault of mine. I do enjoy reading stories and incidents of army life, 
and I hope to see lots of them in the coming Bugle. If there is anytiiing that I can 
contribute in the form of my army service that will help to make the Bugle interest- 
ing I will try to do so. 

Rev. H. \. I'liiLBKOoK, Chaplain Eighth Maine, of Quincy, Mass., writes: 

I have been elected president of a large corporation, and with others am eng.iged 
in establishing a new school in the city of Quincy. I am willing to be quoted as 
favoralile to your plans and to the Bugle, but I cannot take upon myself any more 
work at present. 



BUGLE ECHOES. 87 

DR. WILLIAMS NAMED. 

Dr. Loceko J. GiBBS, Co. H, Eighth Maine, of Chicopee Falls, Mass., writes : 

I feel interested in your enterprise and will certainly aid you to the extent of sub- 
scription to the Bugle and would gladly aid you otherwise if I thought anything I 
might write would be of interest to the " boys " who served in my own and other reg- 
iments. Vou know the horizon of the individual soldier in the ranks was a limited 
one and an} thing like history from him would lie limited and reasonably inaccurate. 
I would suggest Dr. Henj. Williams of your city as one well calculated to hll this 
position, and I will later try and contriliute something to fill space a. least. 

Gen. Henry Uoy.ntun, Col. Eighth Maine, of ,\ugusta, writes: 

Vour favor of the seventeenth found me helpless from a sudden and very severe 
illness, from which I am now just again getting upon my feet, b^t I am so debilitated 
as to be until to attempt to write anything longer than a brief letter. My idea is that 
a sketch ought to embody incidents, real events, and occurrences that made up the 
real life of the regiment. I shall be glad when 1 become physically able, to record 
the various interesting episodes and striking events that are the salient points of the 
old Eighth, from the many notes and recollections that I have, but first it would be 
essential to know the exact amount of space in type at my disposal. 

CAMP PENOBSCOT. 

Mrs. Perky Arnold, wife of .\rnold of Co. C, Eirst Maine Cavalry, Bangor, Me., writes : 
Inclosed you will find note for one dollar and a half ($1.50) which my husband 
owes for the Bu(;le. We waited a few days thinking we could get money to send — 
money is hard these times; we will soon have it and for the next year, for we could 
not get along without the Bucjle. I think I enjoy it as much as my husband, for I 
have to read every word of it aloud as his eyes trouble him. It is not hard to read 
its contents, no matter how tired I am. J forget self and am again with the boys in 
blue, and re-live the past again. I think it is more real to me as I was at Augusta all 
of the time the First Maine Cavalry was encamped there. What a handsome regi- 
ment it was, when marching to the front. How changed when they came home ! 
We always had to laugh at Col. Goddard. His riding ! ha ! ha ! So you see we 
have much to talk about, and we never tired of hearing of husband's army life. I 
saw in the last two Bucles mention of W. L. Boyd, now in the west. Ask him if he 
remembers going to the ball of the non-commissioned officers in old Meonian hall, 
and of a captain of one of the companies losing hat or cap and coat, he taking 
Billy's to get into camp, promising to send them right back so B. could see his best 
girl home; we waiting there till past 4 o'clock A. M., then taking table covering from 
the dressing room, to use for cap, so they could get home and he to camp. When 
he got there captain was sound asleep; when aroused he said: "I was so sleepy 
that I thought it was my own." What a laugh the boys had. It was a long walk 
from down town then (now cars make easy work of those hills). Those days were 
full of fun to all concerned, little anticipating the hardships and exposure of actual 
service. Many of those little incidents 1 remember most pleasantly. I have some 
papers taken from the Court House at Fairfax, where the regiment camped in 
April '62; the one I have is dated in the 10th year of the reign of George the Second, 
which was about the year 1741. In these papers is a very interesting description 



88 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

of the place. What was called the Happy Family at that time now sleeps in the 
old church in which our Noble Washington was mariied. The letters, I have, written 
in the field, are very interesting as they are very descriptive and cover the whole 
period of my husband's campaign; but I think you have enough of this. We have 
not much ready money but we are much better off than some of the comrades, as we 
have a good home for which we are very thankful. I hope I can send by anri by 
something to pay for the Bugle for some poor fellow who is not able to pay for it, 
for I think every one of the First Maine Cavalry should have it. 

Note. — Letters like the above are most interesting and helpful. Time after time 
I have been discouraged and have resolved not to continue my efforts to print the 
Bugle, and linie after time I have had my heart made glad, because to many the 
Bugle Echoes were as refreshing as the biblical cup of water, and 1 forgive those 
who are dead to the memories it wakens. 

"I AM A MAINE MAN." 

Hiram S. Tuttle of Oakland, Cal., writes : 

I was in Co. K, Third California Volunteers, but I had a brother in Co. D, Eighth 
Maine Volunteers. He was at Beaufort, S. C. while 1 was at Salt Lake, Utah; but 
I am a member of the Eighth Maine Association. At some future time I will write 
you my experience of thirty-eight months service. I am a Maine man, was born in 
the town of Palmyra, claim Maine as my State and any one, who says aught against 
Maine or her boys who wore the blue, says it against me. I am a member of 
Bo'sworth Post of Portland. I will forward this letter of yours to my brother 
J. P. Tuttle, Hartland, Me., and I will send you the subscription for your Bugle soon 
as I can get a spare dollar for I have an interest in the history of Maine troops more 
tnan I have in these of California, for there we were not treated right; we enlisted 
with the full assurance that as soon as the regiment was full we should be sent to the 
seat of war. 

all the readers say they want the whole. 
Eraj* JS DoBLE, Co. B, Eighth Maine, of Kingman, writes: 

Several years ago I wrote out part of my experience in rebeldom for my children 
to read over when they were old enough to understand it, so they could know 
something of what we prisoners of war had to endure if I did not live to tell them 
by word of mouth. It is very crude and I do not now see any time to rewrite it. I 
give you full liberty to use what you like of it or reject the whole or any part of it. 

"A LI'ITLE INSIDE HISTORY" PROMISED. 

Gen. Egbert L. Veile of New York City, writes: 

I thank you very much for the copy of the Bugle you have sent me. I am a very 
busy man just now and although I fully appreciate and most heartily endorse your 
praiseworthy efforts to keep alive the spirit of comradeship and spirit of patriotism, 
I fear I cannot be of much service to you. The war for the Union was with me the 
continuation of an interrupted military life. There was no novelty in it to me, as it 
was the third war in which I had been engaged. But there was a very strong sense 
of duty and a very heavy weight of responsibility, for my West Point education left 
me no excuse on the score of inexperience for any mistakes or oversights. I felt all 
this more forcibly, I think, than at any other time, when those stalwart men of the 
Eighth Maine came to report to me, fresh from their homes in the great forests 




JAMES H H. HEWETT, 

Capt. Cc. D, 8th Me. Inf and Bvt. Major U S. Vols. 

Thomaston, Me. 



BUGLE ECHOES. 89 

of their State, with the sinews of Hercules and the hearts of children, frank, 
ingenuous, and brave, yet with no more idea of discipline and a soldier's life than 
of the composition of the moon. To get them into shape seemed an almost hopeless 
task. To make them understand that I was their sincere and sympathizing friend 
while yet exercising of necessity the authority of a commander, was still more difficult; 
yet in time they made most excellent soldiers and did some very hard work for their 
country. When I have a little more leisure I will he most happy to contribute to the 
interesting data you are collecting and disseminating; perhaps a little "inside history" 
might have a spice for your reading. In the meanwhile continue to send me the 
Bl'gle. 

"it seems like meeting them." 
Mrs. Matthew W. Ellis of Searsport, writes: 

Comrade Ellis of Co. D, Eirst Maine Cavalry died 5th of June, after a long, linger- 
ing sickness. lie thought a great deal of the Bicile, and read it as long as he was 
able; after he got so low he could not read, I read it to him. I think a great deal 
of it myself and I will pay you for it as soon as I can. Continue to send the Bugle 
and I will pay you quarterly. I think a great deal of the Eirst Maine Cavalry and 
the only way I shall hear from them will be through the Bugle. My husband always 
said it seemed like meeting them to get a Bugle. 

WILL SEND something INTERESTING. 

Cornelius Harrington, Co. I, Eighth Maine, of New Bedford, Mass., writes: 

It is a pleasure to know that the history of the Eighth Maine Infantry is to be 
printed and 1 am sorry I am not capable of writing a leader for the Bugle, but if I 
can at some future time I will try and send something interesting for the Bugle. 

SHERMAN'S DAM. 

James G. Harding, Co. H, Eighth Maine, writes : 

I can give no promise of when I may be able to write something. I have thought 
I would like to give our experience in the Southern Department, building what we 
called "Sherman's Dam" (fortification at Hilton Head) and at Tybee. 

I AM ABLE TO EARN MY LIVING. 

Mrs. D. C. Huntington, of North Bradford, writes: 

I am the mother of Daniel Huntington (Hist. p. 652). I have urged him to write 
you and pay for the Bugle, but he is forgetful. He and his wife are workingjin Ban- 
gor. He was at home last week and I gave him the Bugle and papers and urged 
him to write you and pay up, but I fear he has not. I am seventy-three years old. 
My husband died twelve years ago, and I am able to earn my living, and send part 
pay for the Bugle. 

god bless the boys. 
Joseph D. Eaton, Co. I, Eirst Maine Cavalry, of Wells, writes : 

I inclose $3.50 for Bugle. Its notes bring back to us the scenes of our boyhood 
days; great changes have taken place in our land, but to us the war was a reality. 
The old Eirst Maine has no apologies to make to our Southern brothers their or 
Northern allies for the part it took in the struggle for National existence. God bless 
the boys. We are getting old and many of us are poor. 



90 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

THE MOST BEAUTIFUL CITY. 
Edward S. Frost, Co. C, First Maine Cavalry, of Pasadena, Cal., writes: 

Every time I receive the Bugle I say to myself " now I will write and remit what 
I owe to-morrow sure," but when I go to my office, I find so much to do that I don't 
think of it again until the next Buci E calls. 1 enjoyed reading the "Country for 
Which We Fought," and will say that you missed seeing the most beautiful residence 
city in the country, and an old comrade that was on the lookout for you. I was very 
much disappointed in not meeting you, for I was planning to make things pleasant 
for you even if it was hot. It was the hottest weather known in several years. 1 
trust if you come my way again, you will call on me in Pasadena. 

" I AM not ashamed TO FACE MY COMRADES." 

Daniel M. Foster, Sergt. Co. H, First Maine Cavalry, of Canaan, writes: 

I have neglected my duty in regard to Ihe Bugle, but I always tried to do my duty 
as a soldier and I am not ashamed to face my comrades in regard to my soldier life; 
I was with that curtain of cavalry at Appomattox when it stood between the rebel 
army and our colored infantry. As I look back over that life it seems like a dream 
until I look in the glass of time, where I see myself and comrades verging upon old 
age, instead of the "boys of '6i." But 1 take courage when I think and know that 
there is a life hid with Christ that never grows old. 

NOTHING GIVES ME MORE PLE^VSURE. 

William H. Kimball, (Ilist. p. 638) of Burnham, writes: 

The Buc;le has always been a welcome visitor, still, owing to the pressure of other 
business I have thus far neglected to respond, but when I received your last earnest 
appeal which spoke in words not to be mistaken, I hastened to make amends for the 
past by remitting to January, 1894, and will try to be more prompt in the future. I 
would not have you or any of the old comrades of the First Maine Cavalry think for 
a moment that I have forgotten them or the dear old regiment, to swell whose num- 
bers 1 was among the first to enroll my name. I enlisted in Co. A, First Maine Cav- 
alry September 30th, 1861, afterwards transferred to Co. L. I cannot boast any very 
eminent army service. I remained with the regiment at Augusta during the fall and 
winter. About January I was taken with a bad cold and went to Winthrop Hall 
Hospital, where 1 had a severe attack of pleurisy fever, but was able to leave Augusta 
with the boys; went to Washington, D. C, and went into hospital there, but not get- 
ting able to do duty I was discharged in May, 1862, after which I reinlisted in Co. E, 
Fourteenth Maine Infantry and served until the close of the war. But while in the 
dear old First Maine Cavalry 1 formed many pleasant acquaintances that will never 
be erased from memory. Soon we will listen to another roll call which will muster 
the last members of the First Maine into the army that shall never break up. Notii- 
jnjT gives me more pleasure than to read letters from old comrades. 

WHO REMEMBERS? 

RuFUS M. Clayton, Co. L, First Maine Cavalry, (Hist. p. 636) of LaMoure, North 

Dakota, writes: 

Inclosed find P. O. order for five dollars for the BuGLE; arrears $3.50, ahead $1.50. 
You will please pardon my negligence and I will try to be more punctual in the 
future. 1 should like to ask through the Bugle if it reaches any of the comrades of 



BUGLE ECHOES. 91 

Co. L, First Maine Cavalry who was at the battle of St. Mary's Church, June 24th, 
1864, and remained with the company for a few days after, and who can tell me who 
was in command of Co. L during those days. I had a sunstroke on the retreat about 
the 26th or 27th of June and my pension attorney asks me for the testimony of the 
commanding officer to substantiate the same. The regiment was very small at that 
time and Co. L lost by capture Capt. Carson, Lieut. Gordon, my brother Kdward B. 
Clayton, and Solomon II. Odell, and I am bewildered as to the name of the com- 
mander of the company after that, as I was soon detailed as bri<;atle commissary. 
Also if this reaches any of the comrades that can substantiate my falling in the creek 
at Hatchers' Run on the morning of C)ctoi)er 27th, 1864. I think Capt. Hoyd was in 
command. If Samuel Pinkham was alive he could testify, as he was with me at that 
point. Now if my memory is right we broke camp the morning of Octoi)er 27th, 
marched to Hatchers' Run, reached there about nine o'clock A. M. Then we dis- 
mounted and formed a heavy skirmish line and our orders were to forward and lire as 
fast as we could and you know that we could do that pretty rapidly with our sixteen 
shooters, and the captain said there was a creek ahead but not to halt but to wade in, 
and I think we did. When I struck Rowanty Creek it seems to me there was a bend 
in the creek and I struck for the centre and saitl who will follow me, and Sam Pink- 
ham said he would and we plunged in about that time. I could see lots of our boys 
in the water waist high. There I fell, losing my sixteen-shooter, and in diving for it 
I got pretty well wet and re-crossed the stream and found my horse. I had a dry 
suit of clothes in my saddle bags for which I soon made an exchange, then mounted 
and joined my company. After that time Lieut. Lee was wounded and I helped 
him into an ambulance, then went on the skirmish line for the remainder of the day, 
and at night when the regiment was ordered out in hot haste in that cold rain, I was 
nr/nber four and stayed with the company horses. In that tight, the third of the day, 
George Shay was badly wounded. Somebody came back calling for Co. L. I 
answered and they told me one of our boys was down by a stump, wuunded. I 
started in the direction he pointed, calling for Co. L. Soon Comrade Shay answered 
and I got him on my horse, but he begged me to take him off as he could not stand 
it any longer. I soon found an ambulance and got him into it. Now comrades, if 
this should reach any of you present on tl at day and night you will agree with me 
that that was a tough day and night. Now 1 am out here in this wild and wooly 
West. I don't know a Co. L comrade in this State. I met Comrade R. R. Bangs of 
Wescot, Neb., in Washington at the National Encampment in 1S92. No one knows 
the joy at such a time unless he has experienced the same. I should be glad to hear 
from any of the comrades of Co. L. 

NoTK. — If Comrade Clayton will refer to pages 70 and 71 October Biclk, 1S92, he 
will lind a most efificient commander of Co. L, who was present at St. Mary's Church, 
June 24th, 1864. During the rest of June no officer was with the company. Capt. 
Carson and Lieut. Gordan were captured. Lieut. Daggett was on duly at Dismounted 
Camp. The monthly report of June, '64, thus curtly reports the facts, " 24th, engaged 
the enemy at St. Mary's Church; U)st many valualile oHicers and men. 2bth, moved 
to James River. 2Sth, crossed the river in ferry boats, landed at l-'ort Powhattan. 
30th, moved to Prince George's Court House, and from there to a point in the left 
and rear of the army." I think II Irani M. Stevens, lirst sergeant, was in command of 
the company, who died December 29th, '64; or it may have been Sergt. William J. 
Crocker, afterwards promoted second lieutenant. As regards Rowanty Creek, Com- 
rade Clayton is mistaken concerning the ordor " to tire as fast as we cuuld." Instruc- 
tions were personally given each company commander to husband their ammunition, 



92 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

as the day was expected to be one of continued fighting. The colonel immediately 
after the forcing a passage asked each one of the companies engaged how many shots 
he had llrcd, and gave some emphatic instructions in relation to the magazine carbine 
then new in our regiment. — J. P. C. 

Capt. E. C. Bigei.ow, commissary of First Mame Cavalry, of Newton, Mass., writes: 
I am only too glad to send you the amount due for the Bugle, and can no doubt 
aid you in a measure, by paying in advance. We all should be willing to remit one 
dollar on receipt of the first number in January, which would be paying in advance 
for three numbers. 

COMPANY M COMRADE REMEMBERED. 

Y. T. Savage, Co. M, First Maine Cavalry, of Fairfield, Me., writes : 

I should have paid long ago and am very sorry that I did not. I have always 
thought that you were doing more than your part. I enclose check for four dollars. 
I see that my bill is one dollar; would like the balance sent to some deserving mem- 
ber of Co. M, and, dear comrade, if that is not enough let me know and I will try to 
pay more promptly in the future. 

Note. — Two dollars were credited to Savage's account, one being for '94 Campaign, 
and the balance, two dollars, was credited to a worthy Co. M comrade whose writings 
have appeared in the Bugle. 

JUST THE THING. 

Benj. Gould, Co. D, Eleventh Maine, of Lewiston, Me., writes: 

I am glad to see that there is some one that has the will and ability to publish such 
a paper as the Maine Bugle. It is just the thing for the old soldiers to preserve fur 
coming generations, besides being interesting for us to peruse in our declining years. 
1 will do all in my power to aid it. 

WILL .SEND SOMETHING FOR PUHLICATION. 

Hiram B. King, Co. A, First Maine Cavalry, of Mechanic Falls, Me., writes : 

I inclose P. O. order for two dollars and fifty cents on the Bugle account. I beg 
you to excuse me for not having attended to this sooner. I will send money in future 
for Bugles in season for each call as I do not feel like living without it. Will 
endeavor to send something for publication. 

CORRECTION. 

Hiram C. Jordan, Co. F, First Maine Cavalry, of 50 Union St., Portland, writes: 
The report in the October Bugle, page 71, that Chas. F. Dam and C. W. Skillings 

are the only surviving members of Co. F who enlisted from Portland, is not correct. 

I enlisted at Portland and was the fifth man on the roll, and I know of a number of 

others who enlisted from Portland and who are alive at the present time. 
f^TQ^K. — Who was the first man enlisting in Co. F? 

WILL PAY 1-OR ITS MUSIC. 

Sidney W. Clark, of Co. A, First Maine Cavalry, of Masardis, writes: 

I am a great sufferer from rheumatism and have but little money besides my pension. 
It is hard for me to hold my pen at present writing, but 1 wish you to know the cause 
of delay. I want tohcar the Bugle blow as long as I live, and will endeavor to pay 
for its music. I notice in the October Bugle a letter from Redmond O'Connell of 



BUGLE ECHOES. 93 

Milwaukee, which reminds me of our skirmish at Raccoon ford where he was wounded 
and Col. Doughty sent me to the rear with him, an account of which I will write soon. 
1 hope to hear the next ErcLK Call reinforced with an old Kirst Maine Cavalry yell. 

CiEOROK W. Getciif.i.I., of Co. G, First Maine Cavalry, of Brewer, Me., writes: 

I am well pleased with the Buglf. and will try to be more prompt in paying for it. 

THE BUGLE I MUST HA\F. 

William H. Luce, of C!o. A, First Maine Cavalry, of Rice Lake, Wis., writes: 

I am sorry I could not pay it before, but from this time on shall lie able to keep it 
]iaid up. Having just received an increase in my pension so that I now draw seven- 
teen dbllars per month, I am in hopes to be able to send for a First Maine Cavalry 
badge and regimental history during the winter. The Bugle I must have if I have 
to give up all other reading matter. Perhaps sometime during the winter I will write 
a description of my escape from Middletown and five days in the mountains fallowing. 

SHALL ALWAYS KE.ME.MKER. 

Col. Frederic C. Newhall, of Gen. Sheridan's staff, and now resident o{ London, 

Eng., writes : 

Your name at the end of your note of October 9th, and the First Maine Bugle, of 
which you kindly sent me a copy, excite many recollections which are by no means 
dim with me, but which, owing to my residence abroad and the changes time brings, 
are not often revived. I think it very likely that I know the First Maine Cavalry a 
great deal better than I am known by them, for I was a young staff officer sent here 
and there among all the regiments. In many hard fights in which the First Maine took 
part, 'I will mention only one place, which I think I shall always remember: I was 
with your brigade along Chamberlain's bed, at the battle of Dinwiddle Court House, 
where you behaved so splendi 'ly, and all that I wrote of your command in that tight 
I was an eye-\\ itness of. 

STILL LIVE IN IIOl'ES. 

Cyrus Case, Co. C, First Maine Cavalry, of Malvern, Kan., writes: 

I was disappointed in not seeing you at the National reunion; neither did I see 
any one from the dear old First Maine Cavalry. I have seen but two comrades of 
our famous regiment since coming to Kansas in '69, and as I have a great longing in 
that direction you can probably realize how I felt. Yet 1 still live in hope. 

NEWS FROM CORP. SA.MUEL HURD, JR. UF CO. F, FIRST MAINE CAVALRY. 

Mrs. Hurd writes from Stetson : 

My husband and myself attended the reunion at Pittsfield, where he joined the 
.\ssociation and paid his dues. We also attended at Dover and Bangor, each of 
which we enjoyed very much; since that time our circumstances have not permitted 
our attendance. Fourteen years ago my husband was taken sick with erysipelas, 
which went all over him ; then sciatic rheumatism set in, and for more than a year he 
was able to work but very little, and it has troubled him more or less till within the 
last two years. F'ive years ago he went to Washington, hoping to improve his health 
and better himself financially. The climate agrees with him, his lameness does not 
trouble him any to speak of now, and for a year and a half he has been at work in a 
lumber camp, driving six horses. He took up a timber claim in the town of Buckley* 



94 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

King County, got a deed of it last spring, hut times are hard now and there is no sale 
for it at present. Our family consists of four girls, one a tearher, one a dress maker, 
and the other two at school. We are all working and if God spares our lives will pay 
our debt. I have never sent the Bugle to my husband for he has no time to read. 1 
have kept them that he may have them to enjoy when he comes home, which I hope 
is not very far distant. At the reunion at Bangor we bought one of the histories. 
Six years ago I think it was we sent by a comrade who went to the reunion and got 
another which we gave to a sister as a Christmas present. 

LEGAL RIGHT TO BRAG. 

William Gardner, Sec. First Rhode Island Cavalry Association, of Providence, R. 

I, writes: 

I am waiting rather impatiently for the October number of the First Maine Bugle. 
May I inquire of you why it has not made its very welcome appearance here? I am 
an old First Rhode Island Cavalryman, and next to being a First Maine Cavalryman 
I consider connection with the First Rhode Island as great an honor as an enlisted 
Union soldier has a legal right to brag of. 

SORREL HORSE. 

Wellington P. Baker, Co. H, Chief Bugler First Maine Cavalry, of Annawan, 111., 

writes : 

I am glad to get the Bi'gle that I may keep a little track of the boys who were 
once members of the First Maine Cavalry, though it is now more than twenty one 
years since I have seen a face or grasped a hand of one of those men who once 
made up our noble regiment. Though time and distance has so long separated us 
my thoughts often go back to times when we stood shoulder to shoulder in many a 
conflict. My heart grows sad when I think of the many noble young men who fell 
from the ranks of our old regiment. It seems to me now more than it did in times 
of war that indeed it was a cruel war. In all of my remembrance of our old regi- 
ment, in all of its moves and marches, nothing comes to me clearer than the picture 
of Col. Cilley riding his little sorrel horse. I looked at you though small in stature 
as great in heart for the cause for which we were contending. 

WORTHY of support. 

Lieut. James E. Shepherd, Historian of the Ninth Maine Infantry, of Lawrence, 

Mass., writes : 

Thank you for a copy of the Bugle. It is an admirable production and more than 
worthy of support. 

IF one-half will subscribe. 
Wilbur F. Lane, 251 Tremont St., Boston, Mass., President of the Eighth Maine 

Regiment Association, writes: 

I regret that Colonel True has declined to contribute to the January number of the 
Maine Bu{;le, and I am surprised at his lack of judgment in suggesting my name as a 
substitute. If Col. True should fire he would aim well and hit the mark, whereas I 
could not furnish stuff for priming. I never wrot-* but one letter in my life for pub- 
lication. That one was written under pressure of great indignation and was more 
forcible than polite. However, your generous offer to put the job in "good form" 



BUGLE ECHOES. 95 

makes one feel very small to attempt to decline. I will therefore block out some- 
thing for you to work on, if I can purloin the time to do it and you promise not to 
publish it unless you really think it possesses a fair average of merit. I ask this 
because I never did (and don't think I ever can) write an article or letter with any 
degree of satisfaction to myself. I assure you that I will do all in my power to aid 
your work on the Bugi.k, but as for literary skill from me, don't expect any. I am 
not in it. To publish a regimental roster of the survivors of our regiment would 
interest " the boys " and probably induce many to subscribe. I do not know how 
many our Association numbers, but I think it is something over four hundred, and if 
one-half of that number would subscribe you would be in shape to go ahead. I 
herewith hand you one dollar for the Broi.E for 1894, which I trust you will blow to 
the entire satisfaction of all. 

Note, — The letter referred to above as " more forcible than polite " started a feel- 
ing and enterprise in Boston that has been remarkable in its effects and success. 
President Lane is a good man to lead. — J. P. C. 

AS LONG AS I STAY UPON EARTH. 
Chari.es a. Wentworth, Co. M, First Maine Cavalry of Ontario, Iowa, writes: 

I am sorry to have caused you any inconvenience. Will try and be more prompt 
in the future. I wish the Bugle to blow quarterly as long as I stay upon earth. 

ANYTHING that COMES FROM .MAINE SOLDIERS I WISH TO REAU. 

Reuel Tho.mas, Twentieth Maine of Cambridge, Mass., writes: 

After T read your circular, it came to my mind that we had a neijjhbor, a member 
of the Kir-t Maine, by the name of Daniel \V. Gage; to hear him talk one would 
think the First Maine Cavalry did all the lighting in the late war. Thinking he 
might have the Bugle I called at his house, and found one. .After reading the Bu(;i.E 
I said to myself this Cage was not to blame for thinking the First Maine did all the 
lighting. Now Gen. Cilley we have a book in our library that reads like this : "That 
we, the Twentieth Maine Boys, did most of the fighting in the army of the Potomac." 
I well remember the morning of the fight at Aldie ; you may remember something 
about a regiment coming to help you out — that was the Twentieth Maine. If I 
remember rightly; when we got to the woods that morning we came to a halt and 
beheld the Maine Cavalry slashing right and left among the rebel hosts. Now 
general I have come to the conclusion that if the Twentieth Maine and the First 
Maine had remained at home, the war would have lasted until now. Vou may send 
me a copy of the Buglk, it makes no difference whether it is the First Maine or the 
Thirty-first Regiment; anything that comes from Maine soldiers I wish to read and 
tell our Massachusetts boys what kind of men Maine, sent to war. 

KEEP RIGHT ON. 

.\. 1*. Lewis, (Hist. p. 474), of Orono, Me., writes: 

Keep right on sentiing the BUf.LE and I will try not to forget you so long next time. 

THE HISTORY HAS KEEN MY SOLACE. 

Zebard F. Hyson, Co. K, First Maine Cavalry of Cooper's Mills, Me., writes: 

I read the history over and over every month, it seems so good to bring to memory 
the days that have passed, the hardships that we went through; and may God bless 
all of the dear Comrades that belong to that good regiment. I am confined to my 
house most of the time and the history has been my solace. 



96 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

HIS HORSE BY THE TAIL. 

George W. White of Co. G, First Maine Cavalry, of 1229 Steiner St., San Fran- 
cisco, Cal., writes : 

I see the Bugle states that William Maloon of Auburn was at the reunion. I 
remember him well as he was bugler on our company. I also remember the Deep 
Bottom light; how our regiment was drawn up behind a little hill with the remnants 
of a cornfield in front of us; we were mounted and not firing a shot, but the bullets 
of the Johnnies were there wounding or killing some of our boys every once in 
a while. I saw a bullet strike a man in the company in front of Company G, which 
broke his arm. The poor man howled for the pain was so great and his captain 
turned to him and said sharply, "shut up." A bullet struck a comrade next to me 
and cut his jugular vein; he was just back from a furlough from Lewiston. Another 
bullet struck another one of Co. G's men; he clapped his hand where the bullet 
struck and said "I am shot in the leg," and one of the sergeants went with him to the 
rear. He returned again in a short time, for it was a spent ball. We were ordered 
to advance across a big field and were advancing when the Rebs came out of the 
woods too many for us. They broke our lines and we fell back in disorder. Our 
captain was swinging his saber shouting, "Right about and face the enemy," but I 
noticed he was glad to get towards the rear himself. I had my horse hit twice before 
he fell and pinned me to the ground. Had not Sergeant Drake came to my rescue 
my bones would be mingled with my horse's bones to-day. He dismounted, and as 
he said himself, he thought he lifted five hundred pounds to get me from under my 
horse. Me took my carbine and saber and told me to get into the woods, as the Rebs 
were close to us. Then Sergt. George E. Jumper came along and threw his foot out 
of the slirrup and told me to take the stirrup and hang on. I did until I could not 
seem to get along very well as the trail was narrow and the trees thick, so I took his 
horse l)y the tail, but soon gave out. I never shall forget the kindness of George E. 
Jumper; he then sprang from his horse and helped me into the saddle; then he took 
the horse by the tail and said, "Use the spurs and get to the rear," as the bullets 
were coming as thick as hailstones. We soon got back to our battery and were safe. 
Only three days ago I saw George E. Jumper, hale and hearty; he holds his 
age well. 

BOTH FEET FROZEN. 
William H. McPhail, Co. C, First Maine Cavalry of Perry, writes: 

I was enrolled in Co. F, First D. C. Cavalry, the 6th of January, 1864. I was in 
the fight at Nottaway river, Va., and the battle in front of Pelersliurg about the 
14th of June, 1864, and battle of Ream's station and 1 attle at Roanoke river, and all 
the others both great and small from the time the regiment went into service till the 
sixteenth of Sept. 1864, when I was taken prisoner near Sycamore church, Va. I 
was a prisoner until the 22(1 of Feb., 1865, at Florence, S. C. I lived on a pint of 
Indian meal for days. During that lime I had swamp fever, and my feet frozen so 
that all the toes of both fett were amputated and my feet badly injured other ways 
by freezing. I have had hard work lo walk all these years. I get a pension of seven- 
teen dollars per month only on my feet being injured, which is not near what I should 
have on that claim. The swamp fever has caused heart and liver troubles for which 
I have been trying to obtain an increase the last eight years. So you see I am badly 
used up. 



BUGLE ECHOES. 97 

DOWN IN TENNESSEE. 

James B. Welsh, Co. A, First Maine Cavalry of Rockwood, Roane Co., Tenn., writes : 
I am greatly delighted with the Bl'gle and prize them very highly and wish you 
success. May the Bugle blow until we are summoned to the final reunion above, in 
the presence of the great Commander. I am a son of Moses C. and Martha R. 
(Witheg) Welsh. I was born April 22d, 1845, in Dead River Plantation, Me. 
Married Maggie E. Lacy of Villisca, Iowa, Aug. 17th, 1876. .She was born in 
Rheat Co., Tenn., May ist, 1S52. Our children, Martha E., b. Oct. 12th, 1877. 
Frank L., b. Jan. 13th, 1880, died May 27th, 1S90. Annie M., b. Dec. 28, 1881 and 
James B., Jr., b. Aug. 22d, 1887. I am a republican and belong to the Christian 
church, and am a carpenter. 

ECHO, A BANK NOTE. 
Patrick F. Shevlin, Co. C, First Maine Cavalr) of Boston, Mass., writes: 

The last Call was a " Call down " and should cause the comrades to come to atten- 
tion. Let the First Maine Bi'cle blow on until the last man of Maine gives it to 
Gabriel, to sound "Taps." Vou must make some allowance, general, in time of peace 
for the slow response of cavalrymen around turkey time. A "strong weakness" or a 
"line frenzy ' has overcome them and I don't think the Bird of Freedom on their own 
Battle Flag would appease them. After winter quarters are broken the boys will raise 
the dust off a hard road and respond to the BuGLE notes. The echoes will not 
ansiver " Where " but " Here " with a bank note that I hope will not be discordant 
to your ear. 

IN THE mountains THREE DAYS AND NIGHTS. 

Asa F. Hanson, of Co. ^L First Maine Cavalry, of Atkinson, Me., writes: 

1 can write quite a letter about that awful war from '61 to July, '65. I was in a 
good many hard scrapes with you, one at Middletown, Shenandoah Valley. They 
wrote home to my father that I v\as killed, and you were also reported killed, but 
neither of us is quite dead. I was in the mountains with fourteen comrades three 
days and nights. I was knocked senseless at the second battle of Bull Run. I was 
with Major Cen. Fitz John Porter when I was struck. Again at Malvern Hill the 
morning that Sergt. Bradman of my company was wounded I had my horse shot 
from under me and I mounted his horse. 

OKO Y PLATA, FROM MONTANA. 

ArroRNEY General H. J. H.vskell, late of Co. B, First Maine Cavalry, writes: 

By to-day's mail I received Call 4, which will compare favorably with the others, 
and I extend to you thanks for the pleasures received from a careful reading of the 
same. I observe on page 63 of the Call that on motion of Major S. W. Thaxter, it 
was voted that the association cease its pecuniary responsibility for the publication of 
the First Maine Bugle after this year. In other words, the major proposes that this 
publication, if continued, must depend upon the editor, proprietors or incorporators 
for its support. If satisfactory to you, you may charge me with five subscriptions to 
the Campaign of 94, and make such disposition of four of the subscriptions as to you 
may seem advisable. Vou may know of some old members who would be pleased to 
read it for two reasons; first, that it brings to memory the clear recollection of the 
engagements which their old regiment participated in; and, second, it is in greater 



98 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

part the handiwork of your honorable self, who was so long a time regimental com- 
mander, and for which the old comrades owe a debt that cannot be repaid, except liy 
written expressions as grateful recognitions for your time and labor employed in this 
work. 

DELAYED PAYMENTS. 

Lieut. Jeff L. Coburn, late of Co. A, First Maine Cavalry, now of Coburn & Sons, 

Architects, 134 Lisbon St., Lewiston, Me., writes: 

Referring to your bill for the Buglk will say that there is nothing for you to do but 
to call out the guard and have the whole lot of delayed payments " rounded up." 1 
shall send you all dues about New Years time, also a contribution to the Buc;i,e rela- 
tive to the battle of Dinwiddle Court House. 

CHARGE THE. SAME TO ME. 

Caleb N. Lang, Co. K, First Maine Cavalry, of Portland, writes : 

I am in hopes that the Buglk will continue to blow in the future as bright and 
clear as it has in the past. I shall be glad to do all I can to help it along. Have you 
been sending the Bugle to L. O. Merrill, whose address is 25 B street, San Benar- 
dino, Cal.? If not, please send them to him, beginning with the January. '94, num- 
ber, and charge the same to me. 

Note. — Comrade Lang has suppHed nine comrades with the Bucn.E for 1894 — 
J. P. C. 

THE ARMY OF THE CUMBERLAND. 

W. R. Carter, First Tennessee Cavalry, of Knoxville, Tenn., writes: 

I am now preparing a history of my regiment — the First Tennessee dvalry — which 
demands all my time at present. I return thanks for the Bugle and ihe encouraging 
words you send out. The cavalry arm of the service never has had full justice done 
it, and I hope we will do our best to properly put before the American people a very 
important arm of the service. 1 know in the West we did our part .of the work in 
the great struggle in the Army of the Cumberland, in which I served for three jears. 

E. L. Shackford, of Non-commissioned Staff of First Maine Cavalry, of Minneap 

olis, Minn., writes: 

I receive the Bugle regularly every quarter and enjoy reading it very much. May 
you be spared to us many years to come, and continue in the good work. 

WILL WRITE A FEW THINGS. 

Pearl G. Ingalls, Co. B, Eighth Maine, of Razorville, Me., writes: 

Yours of the seventeenth instant is at hand and in reply will state that I would 
gladly comply with your request — not that 1 feel competent to fill the place of Col. 
True — if time and opportunity will permit. Like the colonel I fear that I cannot be 
depended upon at this period in my life. I lind myself surrounded every day of my 
life with little cares, and I also think the four and one-half years I spent at the front 
tell upon my powers, both of body and mind. I shall be glad, however, if I can give 
the time, after the fall business gets a little slack, to write a few things about the cam- 
paign of 1864, as I have a diary from May 4th to October, 1864, kept by myself. I 
had a complete one for all the time of my service but it was burned with my buildings 



BUGLE ECHOES. 99 

fifteen years ago. When visiting a sister at Lawrence last fall I found she had an 
extract fr ni that diary covering the period mentioned. In relation to my opinion 
al).iia the r islcr of the Kighth Maine, 1 judge it wouiij intlucnue its members to suh- 
sciilio lur the Hui.LK. 

don't you i^utcet it. 
Ai.viN HlNTKR. Hist. \t. 550, of Flintviile, Brown Co., Wis., writes: 

I ha\e ju-t rcciivcd the treasurer's report and have read it all. Inclosed please 
find ■ DC di'llar uhich will p.ny for the Bih;ll 1 believe up to and for January, 1894. 
1 v\ish 1 cuuld do more to lielp you out, but can nut at present. Now, dear comrade, 
I w ish you wuuld tell me what offence the editor of the Clinton Advertiser could take 
to my letter of January i6lh, 1S9J. that is printed in the April Blgle. I can not see 
unless it is because he did not belong to the First Maine Cavalry and is ashamed to 
have them read of the big fights that he has done with his mouth w hile we did ours 
with the rit1e. It ean"t be for lack of pay for I have kept him paitl up pretty well 
and owe him nothing now, al'nough he stopped my paper as soon as he saw the letter. 
And now, dear general, I do not know but the editor of the Bugle is going to play 
me the same trick and not blow his Bugle any more for me. But if he does not, he 
will see me down there with my rifle, and don't you forget it. 

GI,AD. 

Joshua Ray, Co. H, First Maine Cavalry, of Hermon, Me., writes : 

I am glad to belong to the First Maine Cavalry Association, and I appreciate the 
Bugle and will try to write something for its pages as soon as I can. 

WANTS A PASS. 

Alonzo Annis, Co. D, First Maine Cavalry, of Charlotte, says : 

You ask me to write something for the BuGLE. Now if you wanted a quarter of 
lamb or a fat chicken it would be all right; you would only have to give me a pass 
and I would see to the rest; but when it comes to writing for the Bugle I am not at 
home. 

MAINE MEN CAUSE A CHANGE OF CLIMATE. 
Charles H. Mero, Co. E, Twentieth Maine, of Minneapolis, Minn., writes: 

The First Maine Bugle carries memory back to my own old comrades from the 
dear old State, and to the record made by her different regiments. I am proud of my 
own regiment, the Twentieth Maine. I also feel honored by having my name on the 
rolls of a State that sent the best regiment of cavalry to the front during the war, of 
whose record every Maine soldier is proud. They made a name second to none in 
the history of the war, a name that will be honored by Maineites for all future time. 
I think your new departure in throwing open the coiumns of the Bugle to all Maine 
soliliers a good one, which should meet with a hearty response from all the Maine 
comrades, and be a medium through « hich the comrades can come together with their 
thoughts and experiences even though they are scattered all over this great Union 
they fought to save. The Maine soldiers are to be found in every State. Thousands 
of them have located in Minnesota. Six of my regiment are living in this city. 
Fourteen Maine comrades belong to my Post, while there are nearly as many in each 
of the other nine Posts of the city, besides having a fairly good representation in all 
of the other Posts in the State, as well as in Wisconsin. In fact there are so many 



100 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Maine people located in this part of the country that it has actually changed the cli- 
mate, so that instead of having a nice cold and dry atmosphere, we have been having 
just such weather as you have in Maine. Everybody lays it to the large number of 
Maineites who are living here, but we are not ashamed of the Stale that gave us birth. 
Later on I will try to send you a roster of the Maine comrades in this city, and no 
doubt many of them will want the Bugle, as through it they can hear from their own 
comrades. I will do all 1 can for the success of the Bui;lk. 

Note. — Comrade Mero sends a very interesting and bright poem recounting sime 
of the war experiences of the Twentieth Maine, which will appear in the Aprd issue. 

GREAT WHITE LETTERS, MAINE. 

Matthew S. Berry, of Brownville, Me , Co. H, writes : 

The Eleventh Maine Volunteers arrived in Washington about one o'clock in the 
morning and went into the barracks near the capitol, called the " soldiers' rest," but 
we did not get much rest there. The place was run on contract for so much a head. 
The pork looked as though it had done duty for every regiment that had arrived for 
three months. We could not eat it so we tried to see if it would stick on the walls 
of the building by throwing it against them. We found it soft enough to stick every 
time. The old fraud that run the concern came just inside the door and began to 
threaten us, when a chunk of pork struck him square across the mouth and he turned 
and ran. I went out to explore the capitol as soon as it was light, and went all over 
the building, even climbing up among the timbers in the dome — it was not finished 
then. When I got back to the " rest " the boys had gone. I looked up my knap- 
sack — we had no guns — and started down Pennsylvania avenue, enquiring for the 
regiment. I soon met an Irishman from some New York regiment, who said, " be- 
jabers " he had not seen any regiment, but if it was a squad of " greenies " I was 
looking for, with big bureaus on their backs marked with great white letters, Maine, 
they went up towards Meridian Hill, where I found them in camp. 



personals. 
Lieut. S. C". Smith, Co. L First Maine Cavalry, of Winheld, Kansas, comes to the 
rescue of the cavalry men in the January nth, 1S94, issue of the National Tribune. 

Capt. Joshua A. Fessenden, of the Fifth United States Artillery, stationed at Passa- 
dena, Cal., has been placed on the retired list of the army for physical disability. Capt. 
Fessenden will be remembered as sergeant in Co. B, First Maine Cavalry. . 

bugle i'atrons honored. 
Major Charles G. Davis, First Massachusetts Cavalry, has been appointed Assistant 
Adjutant-General on the staff of Commander-in-Chief, John G. B. Adams; Geo. 
Dcughly, Geo. H. M. Barrett, Horatio S. Libby, all of the First Maine Cavalry, and 
Geo. B. Safford, Eleventh Maine Infantry, Aides-de-camp. 

FIRST MASSACHUSETTS CAVALRY REU.NION. 

The First Massachusetts Cavalry .Xssociation, to the number of seventy-five veter- 
ans, gathered at the Lancers' armory on Bullinch street, October 25tli, 1S93, the 
occasion being the twenty-eighth annual reunion of the association. Maj D. H. L. 




EDWARD A. TRUE, 

Lieutenant Colonel Eighth Maine Infantry, 

Boston, Mass. 



THE MAINE BUGLE. 



Entered at the Post Office, Rockland, Me., at Second-Class Mailer. 

Campaign I. April, 1894. Call 2. 



Its echoing notes your memories shall renew 
From sixty-one until the grand review. 



PUBLISHED QUARTERLY, JANUARY, APRIL, JULY AND OCTOBER, AND WILL BE THE 

ORGAN OF THE "MEN OK MAINE" WHO SERVED IN THE WAR OK THE 

REBELLION. NO OTHER STATE HAS A PROUDER RECORD, 

IT WILL CONTAIN THE PROCEEDINGS OF THEIR 

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STATES AND WILL PUBLISH THE ANNUAL PROCEEDINGS OF 
THAT SOCIETY AND CONTRIBUTIONS FROM MEMBERS OF THE VARIOUS 
REGIMENTS NORTH AND SOUTH WHICH PARTICIPATED IN THE WAR OF THE REBELUON . 



PRICE ONE DOLLAR A YEAR, OR TWENTY-FIVE CENTS A CALL 



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Address, J. P. Cilley, Treasurer, RoCKI-AND, MAINE. 



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Reminiscences of Prison Life and Escape. 



By ERASTUS DOBLE. 



The majority of the Eiglith Maine Infantry, of which I was 
a member, re-enlisted in January of 1864 and arrived home on 
a thirty days furlough about the first of February. The most 
of us, excepting myself, got married, had a good time generally 
and went back to Virginia instead of Port Royal. At Port 
Royal, S. C, we performed more fatigue and pig and bee-hive 
service than fighting. Virginia was a decided change. We 
found the active duties of the campaign harder. The marching 
and counter marching in the hot sun or drenching showers con- 
trasted strongly with the peaceful scenes at home. But the 
memories of home and the loved ones, and the extreme kind- 
ness manifested towards us on our way to Maine and back, 
buoyed us up, and we lived over and over again our furloughs; 
bright dreams of home strengthened and sustained us. 

Our objective point under Butler was the rebel capitol, and 
towards it we moved on the fifteenth of May. Just at dusk our 
regiment received the Massachusetts brigade on the skirmish 
line. Our orders were to commence firing on the rebel works 
as soon in the morning as we could see. Our company, B, was 
under the command of First Lieut. Luther B. Rogers. Charles 
VV. Moore of our company was not well and I asked him why 
he was not excused and at the rear. His reply was, " I'd rather 
die than ask to be excused before a battle." So he laid down 
for the night under a pine top. We were in a slashing; it was 
a thick forest and had just been cut down to obstruct our 
advance. How well we remember the morning of the sixteenth ! 
Drizzly wet, with the landscape covered by a fog so dense we 
could see only a few rods. But oh, couldn't we hear! We 
commenced firing as soon as we could sec and were answered 
by musketry and then artillery. The roaring of cannon, crack- 



106 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

ling of musketry, whiz of cannon balls, zipping of the minnies 
and the shrieking of, the shells combined to make the grandest 
and most terrible noise I ever heard or probably ever shall hear. 
Then came the rebel yell ; they were charging on the right, with 
a shrill treble like a lot of school boys. I had not the least 
doubt of our ability to repulse them and experienced a sort of 
contempt for such effeminate cries, and my contempt was 
increased when I heard the answering shout of our boys in a 
deep bass. It sounded grand ; there was such determination 
in its tone, and my feelings changed from contempt for the 
baby cry of the rebels to pride and exultation. But they turned 
our right flank and Lieut. Rogers shouted for us to fall back. 
As we started to obey I espied Charley Moore. I could not 
leave him ; stories of sick and wounded being bayoneted by 
the rebels passed through my mind. I induced him to get up 
and let me help him along. Just then I saw Arthur Robinson 
and called him to help, and I got under Charley's arms and 
started. We saw three blue coated chaps coming from our 
right and I took it for granted that they were to relieve us as we 
had relieved the force the night before. These fellows called 
us to halt, but we did not though we made slow progress. 
They pointed their muskets and said emphatically, " Halt ! 
We did so. Said they, "What regiment do you belong to?" 
We answered, " Eighth Maine. What regiment do you belong 
to? " " Twenty-first North Carolina ! Throw down your guns 
and take off your equipments. Keep your haversacks and can- 
teens ; you'll want all the grub you've got, I reckon, 'fore you'll 
get any more. About face. Come along;" and away we 
started for Richmond. Charley Moore remarked, " We're in 
for it during the war, I guess." Robinson was exactly as sto- 
ical as ever. We were in a pretty hot nest. Stumps were 
being split and shivered to pieces all around us; dead and 
wounded were pretty thick, and the battle roared. Our captors 
took us out of range as soon as they could and we started for 
Richmond, but how different from the way we anticipated. On 
the way to the steamboat landing several attempts were made 



PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE. 107 

to rob us but our captors proved to be good fellows and would 
not allow it. 

We passed six lines of rebels and Robinson had a pretty 
sharp tilt of words with the rebel Gen. Gracie. Gracie 
demanded how large force we had and Robinson answered, 
" Keep on and you'll probably find out." Gracie presented a 
revolver and threatened to shoot, but finally his attention was 
attracted some other way, and we went on to the steam-boat 
landing where our North Carolina guards left us. These North 
Carolineans were just from Plymouth where they had captured 
their uniforms from our folks. 

One of our men, Lorenzo Racket, had been a prisoner of 
war for some time. I remembered hearing Racket tell of the 
refined barbarity of the rebels, how one of the squad to which 
he belonged was shot by a guard from the street, the victim 
being in the second story of Libby Prison, for no other reason 
than that the poor fellow got near enough to the window for 
the sentinel to see him. I confess to you I did not believe him 
although I did not say so. Well, we landed and were immedi- 
ately assailed by a crowd of dirty looking women who taunted 
us with the newspaper cry, " On to Richmond ! now you've 
got here, you black-hearted Yanks, etc." We marched to the 
door of Libby Prison, when bang went a gun, and when we got 
in we found a man had been shot and probably mortally 
wounded through a window exactly as Racket had told me ! 

I mentally begged Racket's pardon there and then. Still I 
had no idea that Racket was aware that I doubted his word till 
I told him of this event years afterwards, when he said, " You 
didn't believe me when I told you of just such a murder, did 
you? " We were soon searched and robbed of all they could 
find of value, except myself and a few others. I thought I 
would try to dodge the search, and succeeded by flanking ! 
Just before we were searched an officer accompanied by a dap- 
per little clerk with a great big book came in. The officer 
announced several times in a loud voice " that all prisoners 
possessing money or valuables would do well to turn them over 



108 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

to him, have their name recorded with credit for whatever was 
thus turned over, the same to be returned strictly and honestly 
when we were paroled or exchanged, as it was necessary for 
them to take such things from us so we could not make use of 
them to assist us to escape." I suppose this officer was the 
notorious Dick Turner. Man)' of the boys took stock in that 
enterprise. I didn't; didn't have any money anyway and was 
obliged to miss that speculation. But Arthur had some cash 
(when did any of you know him not to have?) and he was 
considering how to save it, when a sail or formerly of theCum- 
berland till that vessel was sunk, said we could rip open the 
quarters of our army brogans and put in the greenbacks and 
then sew them up and rub dirt on them, then slash the shoes 
so no Johnnie would covet 'em, and we would be all right- 
Arthur distributed some five dollar bills among us and we tried 
it with complete success. Well, our names and the organiza- 
tion to which we belonged were all taken and then they let us 
alone for awhile ; next was the search before spoken of. We 
were in the second story in the up-river end of Libby Prison. 
There was an old sign nailed on to the corner of the prison 
reading on the down-river side E. B. Libby & Son, Ship Chan- 
dlers and Grocers ; on the upper side of the board was E. B. 
Libby & Sons, Ship Chandlers and Groceries. We had room 
enough but the room was dirty and hot. We had some of our 
rations left and did not get very hungry till the next day, but 
nothing came for us till about nine o'clock in the evening of 
the next day. Now what do you suppose the noble and chiv- 
alrous Southerners brought us ! I'll tell you ; it was a few tubs 
of dirty-looking swill, called bean soup. The men were half 
famished and gathered around the swill tub and squealed and 
swore and acted very much as real swine do, till finally poor 
John Maloney, an Irishman of a New York regiment, dove his 
hand into the hot stuff and began to eat, then there was a gen- 
eral rush and a few who had dippers or plates got what there 
was of the stuff. I did not get a taste, but the next morning 
got a biscuit of hard bread somehow and got along. After that 



PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE. 109 

we had corn bread instead of swill. We staid in Libby Prison 
one or two weeks and then marched over to Manchester and 
took the cars for Andersonville. We went away around Peters- 
burg because our folks were there, by way of Lynchburg. On 
the way we saw many evidences of war. At one station we 
saw the ruins of the depot and other buildings that were burned 
the day before by a raiding party of Yanks. Oh, how I did 
wish that party would come and recapture us, but it was not to 
be. We arrived at Danville, N. C, that night and I wrote a 
letter home which was recei\'ed by my folks in Lincoln in just 
about eight months time. It just informed them that I was 
captured alive and well, instead of being probably killed as 
Lieut. Rogers supposed I was and reported to my father. Our 
next trip was from Danville to Charlotte, N. C, a distance of 
fifteen miles or so, but we were all day working the old loco- 
motive along. We would go a piece and the old machine would 
give out. No event occurred till we arrived at Macon, Georgia, 
of any interest, except we were well fed with nice hard bread 
and bacon. There we were separated from our few officers who 
were captured with us. The next stopping place was Anderson 
station, and we got a glimpse from the cars of the prison. We 
were marched out onto a rise of ground where we could look 
into the stockade. My first mental ejaculation was " Do human 
beings live in there?" I soon found out. Our first introduc- 
tion to the demon of Andersonville, Capt. Henry Wirz, was 
here. We were again counted and searched, and I flanked as 
before and escaped being searched, though what I did it for I 
can hardly tell for all the money I had was one of Comrade 
Robinson's V's in my shoe. While we were waiting I noticed a 
few of our men who were out on parole of honor, and among 
them was a boy. Some one asked him why he didn't stay at 
home with his father and mother, when he answered distinctly, 
" General Morgan killed my father." I now suppose him to be 
" Little Red Cap," Ransom T. Powell, whose story appeared in 
the National Tribune a year or so ago. " Attention Battalion ! " 
screamed out old Wirtz, " Left Face ! Column Forward, 



110 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

March ! " and we were soon filing into the south gate of the 
infamous prison. The prisoners inside were eager to meet us 
and learn what had transpired since their capture and to see if 
any of their respective comrades were among the unfortunates, 
and they pressed forward and made quite a crowd. " Fall back 
there," shouted the sentinel from his box by the gate. Old 
VVirz yelled to the guard in a rage, " Don't speak to 'em, shoot 
'em." The sentinel did not fire on the prisoners then, but Wirz 
wanted one or more murders set down against his name there 
and then just the same. I will tell you how this prison was 
built and situated. It was built of hard pine logs sided 
with an ax and set in a trench four to six feet deep, the sided 
sides being placed together. The stockade stood about eighteen 
feet high. To hold them in place there were two tiers of poles 
trunnelled or spiked on to the outside, one near the ground, the 
other near the top. Then a little platform was put up with 
roofs and bushes over them high enough for sentry boxes, so 
the guards could shoot inside conveniently. Inside, sixteen 
feet from the stockade was a line of stakes about two and a half 
feet high, with board edgings nailed on top of them. This was 
the dead line. Sometimes if a prisoner touched the line with 
his hand bang would go a rebel bullet at him and often would 
wound or kill some one ten or fifteen feet away, while the one 
who touched the deadline was unhurt. However, it satisfied 
the rebels just as well. We found a few old acquaintances in 
the prison and they posted us up on the customs in vogue as 
well as they could, and cautioned us against " Mosby's Raid- 
ers." This was a gang of bounty jumpers and thieves and 
criminals of all sorts who had most of them deserted to the 
enemy and made so much trouble for him that they were finally 
put in with the prisoners of war. They lived well on what they 
robbed from the other prisoners, had whiskey and fights and 
enjoyed themselves generally in their way. The prison was sit- 
uated on both sides of a small brook which flowed into the 
Flint river. As we went in we filed to the right down a narrow 
path and crossed the brook, then filed to the left, clear across 



PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE. HI 

the stockade and stopped on a piece of marsh that had just 
been covered with dirt taken from the side hill. Now I must 
tell you about one of Col. Shaw's poor negro soldiers. You all 
remember Col. Shaw of the Fifty-fourth Massachusetts. They 
were colored troops. Col. Shaw fell while assaulting Fort 
Wagner and was buried in the trench beneath the bodies of his 
own men who fell there. We found one of his wounded heroes 
lying up in the dirt close to the bank made by taking this dirt 
out to make dry land of the marsh. Some of the Massachu- 
setts boys who were captured with us were acquainted with him 
and said he was a student in one of their colleges when he 
enlisted. It was very hot weather then, which must have been 
the first part of June, and we had a heavy thunder shower every 
afternoon. After a few days I thought of this poor fellow and 
wondered what shelter he had there from these showers, and 
that afternoon when the shower commenced I left our shelter 
and went over where we had seen him. There he was under 
that bank lying on his side, a muddy stream of water running 
over him from up on the hill. He was about half buried by 
the sand that had washed over him. A stream was running 
directly across his face and sand had washed into his mouth and 
eyes and he was just gasping his last breath ; and while I stood 
looking at him, paralyzed by the horror of his situation, he vvas 
dead. Hasn't somebody suffered that we and our children and 
children's children might have a bright and pleasant and free 
country to live in? 

We were divided into detachments of two hundred and sev- 
enty, sub-divided into three squads of ninety each, and they 
into messes of forty-five men each. We were in the second 
mess, called by the rebel roll-call sergeant, " 45-2." The 
members of our regiment who staid together were Orderly 
Sergt. Wallace Smith, Co. C, Corp. Delance Young of Co. B, 
Arthur Robinson, myself, Henry L. Burnell, William H. Norris 
of Co. I. Then we took in Dennis Hagan of the Ninth Maine, 
one of Howe's comrades and two of the One Hundredth New 
York, Alexander McLain called " Sandy " for short, and Joe 



112 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Lynch, a simple but plucky true hearted Irishman. We afterwards 
added Alvah J. Rideout of Co. B, who was captured the twenty- 
ninth of June on Kautz' and Wilson's raid. I shall always 
remember when I first saw Rideout in prison. I was going 
down to the brook after water, and I saw him standing like a 
statue gazing at the prison and its scenery in a kind of mute 
horror and despair. I sung out cheerily as I could, " Hulloo, 
Rideout; when did you come?" His answer was, " For God's 
sake, do men live here?" "Oh, yes, and quite well, too," I 
answered. " Where do you stop? " " I came in last night and 
have wandered around all night and I don't know what to do." 
I took him home with me and we soon learned the news as far 
as he was posted. The war was going on all right and the 
rebels were being driven towards that " last ditch " of theirs. 
He told us how he had volunteered to go with the raid and 
drive an ambulance; was captured and robbed of everything — 
wallet, money, jack-knife, testament, and even the picture of his 
wife and little children. He begged for them but was answered 
with coarse jokes and told that he and all the Yanks that were 
taken with him would be in hell in less than three hours. Pres- 
ently they were placed in line, a shooting party detailed before 
their eyes and ordered to load and shoot the damned Yankees 
through their black hearts. The shooting party were in posi- 
tion and Rideout and his comrades were informed that they 
were to be shot for being plunderers and robbers, etc. The 
men supposed their time had come and nerved themselves to 
die like men and were waiting in — I can't tell you what frame 
of mind — when the order was changed and they were sent to a 
slower death in the hands of that refined torturer of Jeft' Davis, 
Gen. John H. Winder, with such assistants as Henry Wirtz, the 
Dutch captain, and L. M. Williams, one of the Baltimore " Plug 
Uglies," who was in the Baltimore riot that assailed the Sixth 
Massachusetts. 

I have been running along so fast that I have neglected to 
describe fully the prison. The rebels told us it contained forty 
acres, and in June it became so crowded that an addition was 



PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE. 113 

put on of what they called fifteen acres. It has since been 
found to contain about fifteen acres all told. A brook, as I 
said before, ran through it, and on the bank of the brook was a 
cook house where bacon was boiled for us, also stock beans or 
" cow beans " as the rebels called them, and corn bread made of 
meal, ground cobs and all, was baked there. All the greasy 
water and filth was drained into the brook and came in through 
the chinks of the stockade for us to wash in and drink, and as meat 
was cooked for the large number of prisoners, there was consid- 
erable filth. Many of the men dug little wells near the brook 
and got pretty good water. But there was a very large number 
who had no other place to get water but the brook, and as the 
only place where water obtained from the brook could possibly 
be used was close to the dead line, there was always a crowd 
there getting water. The dead line, as I have told you was 
edgings or scantlings nailed on the top of stakes. In this 
place the stakes each side of the brook were on higher ground 
than where the prisoners stood dipping up water. The guard 
from his sentry box always watched sharp there and whenever 
he could see a man or part of a man by looking under the dead line 
he would fire at him. Man}- and many a poor fellow fell dead 
or mortally wounded there by the brook. I say mortally wounded, 
for if the skin was broken it was as bad as to have the throat cut 
from ear to ear. It seemed our blood was so poisoned that 
healing even the smallest wound, was impossible. I was going 
down' to the brook one day when I heard a shot and then our 
boys yelling like angry demons. When I got to the brook I 
saw a party carrying a dead man off, and on the ground was a 
piece of his skull, blood and brains. We always yelled at the 
rebels and called them cowards and all the names men could 
think of, notwithstanding all the threats the rebels might make. 
I do not remember of their ever firing on us for it. At another time 
a man near my " shebang " put his hand on the dead line, when 
the bloodthirsty coward on guard fired and slightly wounded 
one man and killed another ten feet from the dead line. He 
was just as well satisfied as if he had hit the one aimed at. I 



114 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

tell you we were crowded together about as thickly as we could 
be and all have a chance to lie down. So if any of the valiant 
Georgia militia chose to fire he was pretty sure to hit some one. 
As far as my experience goes the men who shirk danger think 
they are the bravest because the most savage. Now these reg- 
iments of Georgia militia were made up of rich men who 
wouldn't go to the front, and sickly and make believe sickly 
boys and men who would rather have the honor of killing 
Yankees when those Yankees were unarmed and defenseless. 
It was said that every one who shot a Yank got a furlough, but 
I do not know how true it was. We did find two good strong 
Union men among our guards but they were of the weak sort. 

Here's another incident. Whenever new prisoners arrived 
these raiders or prison robbers would watch them and almost 
always get considerable plunder from them, although the older 
prisoners always warned them to look out for the robbers and 
keep money or watches out of sight. This time the new squad 
of prisoners were from Sherman's army and among them were 
two great swarthy, broad-shouldered Indians. The rebels would 
sing out to them as they were on their way to the prison, "What 
tribe do you Indians belong to?" Their answer was, "The 
Union tribe." Well, they came in and that night laid down by 
a well near our shanty. Along in the night two of the prison 
robbers came stealthily along, and as the poor Lo appeared to 
be very sound asleep they felt his pockets and haversacks and 
were making a general examination of them, when one of them 
who was lying on his bark with his head resting on his arm, 
brought that arm out from under his head suddenly, the gleam 
of a knife was seen as he struck one of the thieves with it, and 
with a yell of pain and rage they both ran away. 

Up to this time we had been allowed to go out under guard 
after wood. I can not give you even a faint idea how pleasant 
it was outside. The air seemed sweet, it was so nice to be 
out of the misery and filth and stench of the stockade even for 
a few minutes. But there was one hardship connected with the 
pleasure of going outside: that loathsome rebel flag we could 
see plainer than in prison. 



PETERSBURG TO APPOMATTOX. 115 

I wish I could skip everything else now and tell you the wild 
ecstasy of deli<;ht I experienced when I saw what many of the 
boys called " God's flag," the good old stars and stripes, but 
words utterly fail to express the joy. 

[ To be Coiilinueil.'\ 



From Peiersburg to Appomattox Court House 

i;V Kl.\'. J. K. M. WKICIIT. 

The office and duties of an army chaplain in the late war 
were unlike those of any other man. But to one who was con- 
secrated to his work, and prompted by love of country and love 
to his men, a thousand nameless ways would present themselves 
by which he could become a helper in promoting patriotism, 
general morality, manliness and the best types of true religion. 
He was not in the line of promotion, and could not aspire to mil- 
itary honors. He was not a fighting man, and he had no occa- 
sion for the study or practice of military tactics. But he would 
shrink from no hardship and avoid no danger when these lay in 
the path of duty. His conduct must win the respect of every 
man in his regiment from the rank and file to the commanding 
officer. His work and his influence should tend to make all 
better men and better soldiers. Such is my ideal of an army 
chaplain. I do not claim to have attained to my own standard, 
but to come as near to this as possible was my constant aim. 
To accomplish this I strove to become personally acquainted 
with as many as possible, and in this way I came to know much 
of the inner life and private character of many who came to me 
with the story of their heart sorrows and joys and hopes as sons 
come to a father. I can truly say I never found nobler, truer 
men than I found in the I'Lighth Maine Infantry. I had sum- 
mered and wintered with them before the spring campaign of 
1865 opened, and I often found among them, hidden sometimes 
under a rough exterior, traits of the noblest Christian character. 



116 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Much of this hidden life and private personal history must 
remain unwritten as it is too sacred for the public gaze. These 
men, even the best of them, had their faults, but after the lapse 
of almost thirty years their \'irtues seem to me to far outshine 
their failings. I cannot write of campaigns and battles, of per- 
sonal valor and militarx- prowess. I must write from a chap- 
lain's standpoint. Lieut. Col. E. A. True was in command on 
this last campaign, and having shared the same quarters, and 
partaken of the same army fare with him, and seen him in a 
great variety of circumstances, I am prepared to say he could 
not have been more appropriately named. He was a true man, 
a true soldier, and a true patriot. 

I will not now speak of the campaign previous to that memo- 
rable Sabbath in the history of the war, April 2d, 1865. On that 
day I had witnessed the battering of the enemy's works, the 
capture of his forts and the breaking of his lines in front of 
Petersburg, the news of which reaching Jefferson Davis in 
church, interrupted his worship, and turned the city of Rich- 
mond into a scene of confusion and conflagration, and hastened 
the departure of the Confederate army, vainly seeking a place 
to make a successful stand against the Union forces. Blissfully 
ignorant of these scenes of terror and confusion in the rebellious 
city, we lay on our arms that night, and slept the sleep of the 
innocent. Our regiment had been in the midst of the fight 
that day and seemed to heed the command, " Stand fast, quit 
you like men, be strong ! " Some had fallen, killed or wounded, 
we scarcely knew which. One orderly sergeant was wounded 
in the abdomen. He eagerly but calmly inquired as to the 
nature of his wound, and I told him as nearly as I could. His 
reply was, " Then of course I cannot li\'e." Taking his diary 
and j)ocket book from his pocket he gave them to me, giving 
directions how to send them ; he then dictated a tender, verba] 
message to his widowed mother. I arranged his blanket and 
placed his knap-sack for a pillow, and when all was ready he 
lay down, " calmly as to a night's repose." He thanked me 
with his accustomed politeness, and we bade each other good- 



PETERSBURG TO APPOMATTOX. 117 

bye, expecting that a few hours at most would end his mortal 
life. But thanks to a pure and virtuous youth and early man- 
hood, the skill and faithfulness of the army surgeons, and the 
lox'ing kindness of our Heavenly Father, he still lives in com- 
fortable health, I am told. Many such scenes I was compelled 
to witness, but ven' few with such happ\' results. 

I had waked very early Monday morning, anticipating a 
renewal of the conflict, but feelings can better be imagined than 
described when we were officially informed that Richmond had 
been evacuated in the night and that no enemy lay in our front. 
A part of our corps with others entered Richmond that day, 
but our division were ordered to fall in and march out on the 
Lynchburg turnpike, with our faces towards the great unknown. 
As we halted for further orders the question, man\- times 
repeated, fell on my ear, "Where are we going, chaplain?" 
" To Richmond," was my brief reply, although our backs were 
turned upon that rebellious city, referring siK)rtivcly to the 
familiar rallying cry " On to Richmond." But little did we 
think that we were to reach that point by so long and eventful 
a march, and that before we reached it we should participate in 
the most important event of the war. Orders came to march I 
think about lO o'clock A. M. The men looked a little disap- 
pointed, but I heard not a word of complaint. I will not 
attempt to describe the particulars of that march, for it is 
impossible. It seemed to me that the men were taxed to their 
utmost capacity, marching, not by day only, but by night as 
well, and I cannot describe the inviting look the earth gave us 
when we halted late at night, to make it our bed for a few hours. 

My readers will get some idea of the wearing effect of that 
march by an incident. A large bundle reached me when we 
halted for dinner the first day, from a ladies' benevolent society 
near Boston, (The Soldiers' Mission). Red tape would not 
allow it a place in an army wagon ; so I placed it on the pom- 
mel of my saddle and carried it through to Appomattox Court 
House. On opening it I found it contained more than a hun- 
dred pairs of fine, hand knit woolen stockings. I felt paid for 



118 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

my labor and inconvenience of carrying that cumbersome bun- 
dle so many miles when I saw those soft, clean stockings encas- 
ing worn and bleeding feet till every pair was gone. Could the 
donors have witnessed that scene, the sight would have been 
compensation enough for them. On Thursday, April 6th, we 
met the enemy near Rice's Station and our regiment was hotly 
engaged. Several were severely wounded, but I think that 
none from our regiment were killed. One, who was danger- 
ously wounded, leaned upon my shoulder while the surgeon re- 
moved the ball, and there told me he was glad he enlisted 
though he might have to give up his life. Nineteen years later 
he called to see me and showed me that ball. The greatest 
loss was to the cavalry and among them Gen. Read of Ohio. 

Near High Bridge the next morning I met a Farmville lawyer 
who told me that having received his collegiate education at 
Amherst College, Mass., and spent four years at the North he 
had a peculiar regard for northern people, that personally he 
was opposed to secession ; but when Virginia voted itself out of 
the Union he felt compelled to go with his State. He told me 
he had volunteered to superintend the burial of the dead who 
fell the day before, both Union and Confederate, without dis- 
tinction ; that he placed boards at their heads marked with 
name, regiment and company, speaking with peculiar satisfac- 
tion of the care he had taken in the interment of Gen. Read's 
body. An hour or two later I saw that body disinterred under 
the direction of the medical directors, and there was not more 
than six or eight inches of earth over it and its only clothing 
was a flannel under shirt. It showed the haste in which the 
labor had been performed and the demoralizing effect of the 
need of clothing in the rebel army. I realized we were in an 
enemy's country who had little love for northern people, living 
or dead. Soon after meeting the lawyer I met a man who 
awakened both my curiosity and my pity. A tall, erect figure, 
dark complexion, black e\'es, and hair sprinkled with white, 
features of a decidedly intellectual cast, face haggard and pale 
and thin, the picture of despair, and might have been a model 




WIL6ER F LANE 

Captain Co. G, 8ih Me. Inf.. President 8th Me. Vet. Asso. 

Boston, Mass 



PETERSBURG TO APPOMATTOX. 119 

for one of the characters in Peel's " Court of Death." He was 
dressed in a suit of fine black, shiny with age. His whole look 
and bearing, and his command of the choicest language indi- 
cated that he had been no ordinary man. His mind had evi- 
dently been unbalanced by the events of the war; and he would 
talk of nothing else. He declared that he alone was responsible 
for the war, that he alone had brought it upon the country; 
and he alone must be held accountable for all the loss of blood 
and treasure that had come upon the land. How this was he 
could not tell, but to his wrecked and shattered intellect, and 
morbidly sensitive conscience it was a reality. Who he was or 
what his history I could not learn. We passed on, and I saw 
him no more. But a picture of wretchedness and despair was 
left on my memory that the lapse of nearly thirty years has not 
been sufficient to efface. 

April 9th, another Sabbath dawned upon us, calm and beau- 
tiful, and destined to be memorable not only in personal ex- 
perience but in our country's history, when the great Confeder- 
ate army in rebellion against the government of the United 
States surrendered to Gen. Grant and that great bubble of 
southern pride and arrogance, the Confederate States of 
America, collapsed to be seen no more. 

My first recollection of that morning is that of finding myself 
in the midst of unmanageable cavalry horses carrying hatless 
and excited riders in all directions, the din of battle drowning 
our voices, and in this scene of confusion finding Colonel Hill of 
the Eleventh Maine disabled and lying helpless on the ground, 
a fragment of shell had struck his knee rendering it useless. He 
had previously given an arm for his countr\', and had but re- 
cently returned to duty with his regiment, I think. In the ab- 
sence of stretchers we pressed a dilapidated confederate buggy 
into service and hurrying him carefully into it, we took him to 
the nearest house and placed him under the care of the sur- 
geons. Our own regiment was in active service that day, but I 
think escaped any serious casualty. Company B under Capt. 
Walton, and Company F under Lt. Murray were deployed as 



120 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

skirmishers, and were on the skirmish line at the time of the 
final surrender. I think the opinion has generally prevailed 
that there was not much fighting on the day of the surrender 
and as compared with many other days, this was true. There 
was no set battle, yet many noble lives were yielded up, and 
many were severely wounded. I remember riding along a 
short road where lay our dead in the joints of Virginia 
fence that lined the road, some with eyes wide open, still grasp- 
ing their rifles, the muzzles of which were scarcely cold. But 
the vital spark within every bosom had been quenched forever. 
Immediately after this scene I was stopped by the cry " Chap- 
lain, Chaplain ! " and on turning I was told that a soldier in a 
house close by, from the State of Maine, needed my services. 
Here I found lying on a feather bed on the floor one with the 
downy freshness of youth on his cheek and the film of death 
gathering in his eye. He had been cruelly mangled by the 
piece of shell that struck him. I told him who I was, and on 
inquiry learned from broken sentences that he belonged to the 
Eleventh Maine and was the grandson of one whom I had long 
and favorably known. He was greatly comforted when I told 
him this, and seeing that the time he had to live was only a 
question of minutes I told him I would not leave him. He at 
once clung to me as a child would cling to a mother, and I 
drew from him in those brief moments some cf the noblest sen- 
timents of patriotism I heard during the war ; his expressions of 
christian resignation and trust made that dingy room appear a 
spot, " Privileged above the common walks of life quite on the 
verge of heaven." He sent a loving message to his mother, ac- 
cepted the words of Jesus, " I go to prepare a place for you," 
and closed his eyes in death. I was surprised at the expres- 
sions of patriotism, faith and resignation from one so young. 
But when afterward I received a letter from his mother con- 
taining sentiments worthy of a Spartan mother, imbued with a 
true christian spirit, the mystery was solved, and I have often 
thought we made light estimate of the cost of the war when we 
computed it in gold, and added to this the sacrifice of ordinary 



PETERSBURG TO APPOMATTOX. 121 

human lives. The sacrifice made b}' that noble mother and 
thousands of others like her, with that of wives and sisters and 
daughters swells the cost bc)'ond human computation. Later 
in the day we laid his torn body in a quiet nook, a part of our 
drum corps having been detailed for this duty. I placed at his 
head a board with his name, regiment and letter of his company 
inscribed upon it. I also put the same upon a slip of paper 
and putting it in a glass bottle with a glass stopper I placed it 
in the grave. Just as words of prayer were about to be spoken 
two gentlemen in citizens clothes approached us. When the 
services were over, they introduced themselves as pastors of two 
churches in the city of Gardiner, Maine, delegates of the Chris- 
tian Commission. I thought it quite a remarkable meeting, all 
representatives of the Pine Tree State. The young soldier in 
his earthy bed far away from home and kindred, the drum 
corps, the two pastors, and the chaplain officiating. Only a few 
rods away, in a house built of hewn timber, laid up loghouse 
fashion, we found a colored man and his wife. She was sick 
with fever and unable to be moved. As she lay upon her bed, 
a solid shot had passed through one wall of the house at just 
the right hight to strike her arm, and then passed out through 
the opposite wall. Her arm was very large and fleshy and a 
concave wound was made corresponding to the size and shape 
of the ball. I hardly knew which the more to pity, the wife in 
her intense physical pain, or the husband in his helpless sym- 
pathy, both almost dead with fear. Dr. Williams, our assistant 
surgeon, came to their relief with as much care, skill and ten- 
derness, as I had seen him display in dressing the wound of a 
major general conmianding a corps, he dressed the wound of 
this poor unknown colored woman, and with encouraging, 
cheering, hopeful words we left them. We soon learned, be- 
yond doubt that Gen. Lee had asked for terms of surrender of 
Gen. Grant. Rumors like this had floated along our lines for 
the last two or three days, but when we learned that it was an 
assured fact I called upon all near me to join in the tune of 
"Old Hundred" and sine: " Praise God from whom all Blessings 



122 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Flow." And hundreds, perhaps thousands of glad hearts gave 
voice to that old doxology. 

Sweet was the rest of that historic Sabbath and at the early 
dawn of Monday the very atmosphere seemed to breath forth 
peace, with this came the most intense longings for home, and 
desire to breath again the air of the dear old Pine Tree State. 
But every thing in the movements appeared to say " Not Yet." 

Our rations were necessarily divided with the prisoners, leav- 
ing us a little short; but who murmured? the war was virtually 
over, these prisoners were no longer our foes and the most 
kindly' feelings seemed to prevail towards them among the 
"Boys in Blue." Preparations were now made for delivering up 
the rebel arms, and as column after column marched in and 
stacked guns, now^ silent and harmless, we thought of the 
promised time when "swords shall be beaten into ploughshares 
and spears into pruning hooks," and we were glad. But there 
came somewhat of a check to our joy when we saw tliat the of- 
ficers were allowed to retain their side arms ; and we did think 
that the terms of surrender, granted by our magnanimous com- 
manding general, were unwarrantedly generous. Yet who shall 
say that the magnaninity that dwelt so richly in the heart of 
Gen. Grant did not infuse itself into the breasts of many of the 
ex-soldiers of the Union making them better men and better 
citizens. -> 

I went down into the Confederate camp on Monday or Tues- 
day, and such a picture of wretchedness among men and suffer- 
ing among beasts I have never seen. Meeting a little company 
of North Carolina soldiers, one of them declared, " I am glad 
this thing is over." " So am I," heartily responded every one. 
They tried to depict to me the sufferings they had endured from 
hunger, cold and fatigue on that forced march, from the 2d, to 
the 9th, of April they had had nothing to eat but dry corn on 
the cob, an ear to a man, morning and night, each day, except 
two rations of corncake when they first left Richmond. Their 
emaciated form clothed in rags told more than their words 
could. And from that moment the last spark of enmity in my 



A REVIEW OF ALDIE. 123 

heart went out, quenched by the tears of pity, and I felt we can 
not afford to be otherwise than generous towards men who have 
suffered so much. On Tuesday after the surrender I rode with 
Lt. Col. True to the famous apple tree, and while I held his 
horse he chopped out a chip for himself and one for me which 
we brought away in our saddlebags. 

I have a small piece of mine left after many divisions among 
friends. It still retains the marks of the army axe which will re- 
mind one of that passage in Eccl. " If the iron be blunt and he 
do not whet the edge then must he put to more strength." 
What though Gen. Lee did not actually surrender under that 
tree to Gen. Grant? yet the fall of that tree was to the minds of 
hundreds of soldiers' Union and Confederate, who carried away 
pieces of it t\'pical of the fall of the most gigantic and unright- 
eous rebellion of modern times. 



A Review of Aldie. 

BY CAIT. GEORGE N. BLISS, KIRST RHODE ISLAM) CAVALRY. 

The history of the First Maine Cavalry is, in my opinion, th<:; 
best regimental history ever published, but the narrative of its 
gallant fighting at- Aldie, Va., June 17th, 1863, leaves the im- 
pression that the rebel cavalry was forced from the pass by the 
Union troops in its front, and to correct this I send you my 
tale of a soldier. 

Early in the morning of June 17th, 1863, the following order 
come to our regiment: " Col. A. N. Duffie, First R. I. Cavalr}': 
You wiN proceed with your regiment from Manassas Junction 
by way of Thoroughfare Gap, to Middleburg; there you will 
camp for the night, and communicate with the headquarters of 
the Second Cavalry Brigade; from Middleburg you will pro- 
ceed to Union; thence to Snickerville ; from Snickerville to 
Percellville ; thence to Wheatland, and, passing through Water- 
town, to Nolans Ferry, where you will join your brigade." 



124 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

The bright June sunshine was flooding the fields and woods 
as our regiment, two hundred and eighty strong, moved out of 
camp to obey this remarkable order, to march through the cen- 
ter of the rebel cavalry. At Thoroughfare Gap we struck the 
rebel pickets, and by our sudden and rapid advance cleared the 
pass before the main body of the enemy could advance to sup- 
port the picket line. After passing through the Gap we skir- 
mished with the enemy, losing a few horses by rebel bullets and 
then took the road to Middleburg fifteen miles away, leaving 
behind us some twelve hundred of the enemy under Col. J. R. 
Chambliss. At 4 P. M. our troops struck pickets and charged 
them at once, driving Stuart and his staff out of Middleburg, 
who escaped capture because their fresh horses could run faster 
than ours, weary with the long days march. We were then only 
five miles from Aldie where for two hours the battle had been 
raging between Kilpatrick's troopers and Fitz Lee's brigade, and 
had we turned the head of our column in that direction we 
would have struck the rebel rear, hurling ruin and disaster on 
their battle lines and giving the First Maine an open road 
through the pass. The glorious opportunity for such a blow 
warms an old soldiers heart, even in these piping days of peace, 
but this is imagination, not history; the order was to camp at 
Middleburg for the night and communicate with the head- 
quarters of the Second Cavalry Brigade. 

Col. Uuffic was a veteran French offtcer and went into camp 
in the center of this rebel hornets' nest as calmly as though sur- 
rounded by the Union Army, and the following report shows 
how he obeyed the second part of his order for that day. 

Camp First Rhode Island Cavalry, 
Alexander, Va., June 22d, 1863. 
Col. a. N. Duffie, 

Sir: — I have the honor to report, that about five o'clock p. 
M., on the evening of the 17th inst. I was sent from Middleburg, 
where the regiment was then engaged with the enemy, to carry 
a despatch to General Kilpatrick at Aldie, accompanied by two 



A REVIEW OF ALDIE. 125 

men. I first attempted to proceed by the main road, but was 
halted and fired upon by a body of the enemy who said they 
were the Fourth Virginia Cavalry I tiicn returned towards 
Middleburg, and leaving the road attempted to make my way 
across the country. I found the fields and woods in every di- 
rection full of bodies of the enemy; by exercising the greatest 
care, I succeeded in making my way through them to Little 
River. Here I encountered five of the enemy, and forced them 
to give me a passage. Following the river down, I struck the 
main road about one mile from Aldie, and on inquiry learned 
that our pickets were on that road. I reached Aldie and deliv- 
ered my dispatch to Gen. Kilpatrick at 9 P. M. Gen. Kilpatrick 
informed me that his brigade was so worn out that he could not 
send any reenforcements to Middleburg, but that he would re- 
port the situation of our regiment to Gen. Gregg. Returning, 
he said that Gen. Gregg had gone to state the facts to Gen. 
rieasanton, and directed me to remain at Aldie until he heard 
from Gen. Pleasanton. I remained but received no further 
orders. Respectfully submitted, 

Frank Allen, Capt. ist, R. I. Cav. 

The rebels were gone from your front then, and an hour and 
a half march would have put the Union troops against Stuarts 
forces near Middleburg and saved many brave Rhode Island 
troopers from starving to death at Andersonville. Somebody 
blundered. The Generals are dead now and we shall never 
know why the First Rhode Island was left to its fate without 
help from brave comrades, who if they could have known the 
situation would have begged for the order to advance. The full 
story of the First Rhode Island Cavalry at Middleburg, Va., 
June 17th and i8th, 1863, is given in a paper read by me before 
the Rhode Island Soldiers' and Sailors' Historical Society and 
published by the Society, being Fourth series No. 4 and it is the 
purpose of this paper only to fully set forth the cause of. the 
rebel retreat from Aldie on the night of June 17, 1863. 

The battle of Bunker Hill was upon the 17th, and that of 
Waterloo on the i8th of June. It was the fortune of the First 



126 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Rhode Island Cavalry to be in action upon both anniversaries 
in the year 1863, and the history of the regiment for these two 
days is one of disaster, but not of dishonor. The good conduct 
of the regiment is praised by its enemies as will appear in the 
confederate documents here given. 

Lexington, Ky., July ist, 1884. 
Capt. George N. Bliss, Providence, R. I. 

My Dear Sir: — your favors of recent date are received. I 
think I can answer your questions satisfactorily, and you will 
find that the statements which I shall make are, in the main, 
verified by Gen. Stuart's report, to which you doubtless have 
access. On the morning of the 17th of June 1863, Stuart 
moved Fitz Lee's brigade, commanded by Col. T. T. Munford, 
from Piedmont to Aldie. Robertson's brigade was stationed at 
Rector's Cross Roads, and W. H. F. Lee's brigade, commanded 
by Col. Chambliss was left near Salem to picket Thoroughfare 
Gap, and to keep open communication with Hampton, who was 
still in the rear. Stuart detached from Fitz Lee's brigade two 
squadrons to accompany himself as body guard and for picket 
duty, and with these two squadrons took station at Middleburg 
as a central point of communication between his brigades. It 
was doubtless Stuart's intention to move Chambliss and Robert- 
son towards Middleburg later in the day. When Col. Dufiie 
reached Thoroughfare Gap there was no confederate force in 
his front but the picket from Chambliss command and this 
picket was no doubt instructed to report to the brigade head- 
quarters, and was not instructed to report to Stuart at Middle- 
burg. Hence Stuart was not aware of Duffie's advance until it 
encountered the picket thrown out by his body guard from 
Middleburg. The distance from Salem to Thoroughfare Gap is 
about eight miles, and from Salem to Middleburg perhaps 
twice as far; so you will readily see that unless the 
picket at the Gap had been instructed to report direct to Stuart, 
the news of Duffie's advance could not have reached Stuart in 
time to prepare him for it. Dufiie's movement was certainly a 



A HE VIE IV OF ALDIE. 127 

surprise, in the sense that Stuart had no notice of it, but the 
(for him) very unusual precaution which he had taken of at- 
taching to himself a strong body guard, showed that he was 
prepared for unexpected developments, and although unable 
to dispute the road with Col. Duffie, he had sufficient time to 
notify Munford, at Aldie, of the danger in his rear, and then to 
retire in safety from Middleburg. There is no doubt whatever 
about the fact that Munford's withdrawal from Aldie Gap was 
caused by the order sent by Stuart, when he was driven out of 
Middleburg by Duffie. Munford could and would have held 
his position in spite of all his opponents could do. One of his 
best regiments had hardly fired a gun, and another had been 
but little hurt. His position was a strong, one and the fighting, 
while severe, had only served to warm up his men and give 
them confidence. But what else could Stuart do but order him 
to retire? Munford was now between two forces, and Stuart 
could not count upon the arrival of either Chambliss or Rob- 
ertson in time to relieve him. Had Duffie been aware of the 
state of affairs at Aldie, and had he moved up in Munford in- 
stead of stopping at Middleburg, your regiment would have es- 
caped the disaster which befell it, and have inflicted serious 
damage on Munford. 

In my article reviewing the Comte de Paris, I have stated the 
loss in the First Rhode Island Regiment as given by Col. Duffie 
in his official report. This, report justifies me in asserting the 
annihilation of the regiment, for Col. Duffie states the survivors 
to be " four officers and twenty-seven men." I find no subse- 
quent report contradicting this, or in any way mitigating the 
disaster to the regiment. Duffie's report was, however, written 
on the same day on which he reached his brigade, and it seems 
reasonable that others, of whom he was not at that time aware, 
might have made their escape and rejoined their friends at a 
later day. I will be glad if you can give me any exact and au- 
thorative information? Was it ever restored and did the regi- 
ment again come into the field? I am anxious, not only to make 
no error on this point, but also to do full justice to a gallant 



128 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

body of men, who were overwhelmed by a disaster, which was 
in no sense the result of any fault of their own. 

If there are any other points upon which I can give you in- 
formation, please command me. 

I am yours, very sincerely, 

H. B. McClellan, 
General. Stuart's Chief of Staff. 

Lexington, Kv., lothjuly 1884. 
Capt. Geo. N. Bliss, R. I. 

My Dear Sir: — I thank you for your kind favor of the 5th 
inst. and for the History of the First Rhode Island Cavalry, 
which you present to me in the name of your Veteran Associa- 
tion. Please convey to the Association my thanks for this val- 
uable and highly appreciated gift. I shall not fail now that the 
facts are before me, to correct some errors into which I have 
been led by the absence of full reports in the official records. 
The force which attacked the First Rhode Island Cavalry at 
Middleburg on the 17th day of June 1863, was Robertson's 
Brigade, which consisted of the Fifty-ninth North Carolina 
State troops (Fourth Cavalry) Col. D. D. Ferrebce ; and the 
Sixty-third North Carolina State troops (Fifth Cavalry) Col. 
P. G. Evans. These two regiments were fresh from the camp 
of instruction, and on the 31st of May reported about lOOO 
aggregate present for duty. They were present, but not engaged 
at the battle of. the 9th of June near Brandy Station. They 
probably had 900 men in the saddle on the 17th of June, but 
this was the first time they came under fire. They were armed 
with Enfield rifles and sabres; they were badly cut up in the 
fight of the 19th and 21st of June, but subsequently under 
Gordon and Barringer, become veteran regiments and did ex- 
cellent service. Col. Evans was killed at Uppervillc, on the 
2 1st of June. I regret that I cannot answer your question con- 
cerning the force engaged with your regiment on the i8th of 
July, 1863. Perhaps General Stuart's report on the Gettysburg 
Campaign may throw some light on that point, see Southern 
Historical Society papers vol. 7, page 428, at the bottom of the 
page. I am, dear sir. Yours very sincerely, 

H. B. McClellan. 



A HE VIE IV OF ALDIE. 129 

The following extract is from the Campaign of Stuart's Cav- 
alry, by Major H. B. McClcllan, pages 303, 304 and 305. 

Early in the morning Col. A. N. Duffie had crossed the Hull 
Run Mountain at Thoroughfare Gap. His orders directed him 
to encamp at Middleburg on the night of the 17th, and to pro- 
ceed the next day towards Nolan's Ferry, extending his march 
to the west as far as Snickersville : These orders seem to have 
contemplated a somewhat extended scout by this regiment on 
the left flank of Gen. Gregg's division, a hazardous movement 
in the presence of an enterprising enemy. Col. Duffie reached 
Thoroughfare Gap at 9.30 A. M. and was somewhat delayed in 
crossing the mountain by the picket from Chambliss command. 
By eleven o'clock however he was fairly on his way towards 
Middleburg. At four o'clock P. M.,he struck the pickets which 
Stuart had established for his own safety outside the town, and 
drove them so quickly that Stuart and his staff were compelled 
to make a retreat more rapid than was consistent with dignity 
and comfort. Having with him no force adequate to contest 
the ground with Duffie's regiment, Stuart retired towards Rec- 
tors' Cross Roads. Munford was notified of his danger and di- 
rected to withdraw from Aldie, and Robertson and Chambliss 
were ordered to move immediately upon Middleburg. The only 
hope for Duffie's regiment now lay in an immediate advance 
upon Aldie, where he might have created considerable commo- 
tion by attacking the rear of the First Virginia Cavalry on the 
Middleburg road. But he did not know this, and his orders 
were positive, requiring him to encamp for the night at Middle- 
burg. He therefore made the best of the situation by dis- 
mounting one-half of his regiment behind stone walls and barri- 
cades, hoping he might be able to hold his position until rein- 
forced from Aldie, whither he sent Capt. Frank Allen to make 
known his situation at brigade headquarters. Capt. Allen 
reached Aldie, after encountering many difficulties, at nine 
o'clock P. M. He says in his report: " Gen. Kilpatrick informefl 
me that his brigade was so worn out that he could not send any 
reinforcements to Middleburg, but that he would report the sit- 



130 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

uation of our regiment to General Gregg. Returning, he said 
that Gen. Gregg had gone to state the facts to Gen. Pleasanton, 
and directed me to remain at Aldie until he heard from Gen, 
Pleasanton, I remained but received no further orders." Thus 
Col. Duffie was left to meet his fate. 

At seven o'clock in the evening he was attacked by Robert- 
son's brigade. His men fought bravely, and repelled more than 
one charge before they were driven from the town, retiring by 
the same road upon which they had advanced. Unfortunately 
for Duffie this road was now closed by Chambliss brigade, 
which surrounded him during the night, and captured next 
morning the greater part of those who escaped from Robert- 
son on the previous evening. Col. Duffie himself, escaped cap- 
ture, and reached Centerville early in the afternoon with four of 
his officers and twenty-seven men. He reports the loss in his 
regiment at twenty officers and two hundred and forty-eight 
men. This however, was an exaggeration of the calamity, for 
other officers besides himself had taken to the woods, and suc- 
ceeded in making their way back to the federal lines on the 
1 8th and 19th. Major Farrington, who was separated from his 
regiment on the night of the 17th, in Middleburg, thus brought 
in two officers and twenty-three men ; Lieut. Col. Thompson 
brought in eighteen men ; Sergt. Palmer, twelve men ; and Capt. 
George N. Bliss, six men ; Col. Sergt. Robbins. who was 
wounded and captured, was left in Middleburg, and fell into 
the hands of his friends when Stuart retired from that place. 
This reduces the loss to two hundred. This regiment was com- 
posed of good materials, and it rapidly recuperated. On the 
17th of August following it assembled three hundred men at 
Warrenton, and was attached to Mcintosh's brigade, ofG regg's 
division. 

TiiK Meadows in Abington, Va., April 26th, '84. 
Gen. Thos. T. Munford; 

Dear Sir: — In reply to yours will state that the orders I car- 
ried you from Gen. J. E. B. Stuart, were delivered under diffi- 



A REVIEW OF ALDIE. 181 

culties that vividly recall them. Heand staff were very uncere- 
moniously driven out of Middleburg by the sudden and un- 
expected ap[)roach of a lari^e body of Federal Cavalry. Shortly 
afterwards Gen. Stuart called me and gave the following orders: 
"Go back and find Munford about Aldie, explain matters, and 
order him to fall back and immediately join me as best he can 
at Rector's Cross Roads tonight." Less than an hour after- 
ward these orders were given you at Aldie, and as I remember 
quite late in the evening. I found you sharply engaged, but 
recall no impression of the enemy's pressing or having anything 
to do with your falling back, which, of course, immediately 
followed my orders from Stuart, 

Yours very truly, 

Frank S. Roukrisun. 

Lynchburg, Va., April 26th, 1884. 
Major Geo. N. Bliss: 

Dear Sir: — I have your letter enclosing a copy of my letter 
to you fourth of March, 1882. I was in command of Fitz Lee's 
Brigade at Aldie, Va., June 17th, 1863. Gen. Fitz Lee had been 
kicked by a mule or horse in passing a wagon, and was com- 
pelled to take an ambulance until nearly at Gett)'sburg. My com- 
mand was composed of the Second Virginia Cavalry, my own 
regiment, and the First and Third Virginia (Rosser had been 
sent off to the right, commanding his regiment, the Fifth Vir- 
ginia and Wickham with the Fourth Virginia had been sent off, 
but both were sent to report to me at Aldie.) The First, Second 
and Third Virginia were feeding their horses at Carter's about a 
mile and a half from Aldie, when I was notified of the advance of 
the enemy. Rosser arrived just before my reserve regiments 
got up and had a short skirmish. 

When I arrived I put the First Virginia on the Upperville 
Pike, with the sharpshooters dismounted behind the two stone 
walls. The triangle or V-shaped land between the two pikes 
rises to the west ; at the apex was a meadow with some stacks 
of hay; my position was a very strong one. The enemy did not 



132 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

try to go up the Upperville road but once ; but they charged 
repeatedly up the Snicker's Gap road. The sharpshooters be- 
hind the stone wall with a stake fence on their right had a 
splendid position. The federals could not turn it; they would 
charge up the lane and receive a galling fire ; my mounted reg- 
iments would counter charge and drive them back down the 
lane and they would get a second volley. This was done six or 
eight times by different squadrons and regiments, but they had 
not dislodged me. I never saw men show better spirit than the 
federals did, and they would have run over me if two or three 
regiments or a brigade had been thrown in at one time. I was 
ordered to retire by a staff officer from Gen. Stuart. I would 
have preferred to attempt to hold on, to leaving, as my men had 
gained confidence and we believed we could keep them off. I 
did retire upon the Snicker's Gap road, but was not pressed. I 
never saw so many dead and wounded men and horses in the 
same space before or after as we had before us. I made a re- 
port at the time, and sent in the report of all the colonels. We 
captured about one hundred and thirty men and officers. 
Rosser lost heavily. I was the ranking officer. Gen. Stuart 
had been held in check and kept out of Middleburg by a very 
inferior force compared to his command, and we never had the 
credit from our side for what was done by us. My command 
was, like the Rhode Island regiment fighting with five times its 
numbers. I believe Major McClellan, who was Gen. Stuart's 
adjutant, will write a fair account of that battle in his narrative 
of Stuart's Campaigns now in progress. I do not send this as a 
report and do not care to appear in print, but I am responsible 
for the truth of what is said, and I don't care how you use it. 
I hope you will excuse a hurriedly written letter and a very slight 
sketch of Aldie as I remember it. 

Yours very truly, 

Thomas T. Munford. 

I have written this, hoping much of it might be new and in- 
teresting to those who fought so bravely in the ranks of the 
First Maine Cavalry at Aldie, Va., June 17th, 1863. 



RECOLLECTIONS Of APPOMATTOX. 133 



Some RL-collections of Appomattox. 

HV MAJOR H. C. HALL, LATE OK FIRST MAINE CAVALRY. 

Un the eighth of April, Custer, with liis Third Division of the 
Cavalry Corps had the advance and at Appomattox Station, 
early in the evening, intercepted and after a short but sharp 
fight, captured four rebel railroad trains loaded with supplies 
that had been sent up from Lynchburg for Lee's suffering army ; 
It was late when our division, the Second, commanded by 
Gen. Crook arrived. The fighting was all over and some of the 
cars had been broken open and the men seemed to be helping 
themselves to whatever they could find that would be of use or 
service to them. They had been obliged to subsist for several 
days upon what could be picked up in a poor and impoverished 
country and their stomachs were thoroughly in need of support; 
their search, therefore for food was thorough and earnest. 

Our halt was short and when we started out again our 
division took the advance; we marched until between eight and 
nine o'clock when we went into camp with a joyous prospect of 
a much needed nights rest. After the horses were picketed and 
were enjoying the fruits of the Virginia farmer's cornfields, I 
looked for my darkey to take my honse and prepare my supper, 
but no darkey could I find nor could I hear that he had been 
seen since we left the field of Custer's capture. I thought he 
had probably got left somewhere by accident, not an uncom- 
mon thing on the march in the night time, and that he would 
eventually come in. In about an hour he did come, but minus 
his mule. He rode one horse and led the mule on which was 
packed mv blankets and spare clothing, provisions, cooking 
utensils and the forage for the three animals. The darkey was a 
big, black, faithful fellow and was feeling very badly. He said 
that while we were halted near the captured trains he left the 
mule in charge of another man and went up to the broken cars 



134 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

to see what he could find in the line of food or forage and that 
when he returned the column had moved on and he had been 
unable to find the man or the mule I saw it would be useless 
to tax the strength of wearied horses to make further search 
that night, and as he appeared to be feeling worse than nn-self, 
I tried to console him with the thought that he would un- 
doubtedh' recover his loss as soon as it was light in the morn- 
ing. Well, the prospect for the comfort of life, even field and 
camp life, for the present and immediate future were not flatter- 
ing, nor pleasant to contemplate for I thought then, I would be 
fortunate to recover even the mule. "But a good fire of hick- 
ory rails and a saddle for a pillow made a ver)' acceptable sub- 
stitute for a bed and I was soon forgetting my discomfort and 
the displeasing suggestions of my loss. So much sleepless and 
exciting labor, with the cares and anxieties incident to such 
service, seemed to have distended every nerve and fiber of my 
body, and when I got into a restful position the internal pres- 
sure began to subside and a pleasing and most delightful sensa- 
tion came over me, which took away all thought or desire for 
sleep. While lying in this happy condition an order came, 
" Saddle up and be ready to move out immediately." The tired 
men were quickly aroused, the wearied horses once more under 
the saddle, and we were soon in column moving away again to 
the left. Only our brigade, the Third of the Second division, 
commanded by Gencr'al C. H. Smith, Colonel of the First Maine, 
and one section of artillery had been ordered out. General 
Smith's orders were to seize the Lynchburg road, the only 
avenue of escape for Lee's army and to hold it. Soon after 
midnight we reached the road, turned to the right and moved 
forward to a little eminence a short distance west of Appomat- 
tox Court House, called Clover Hill, where we encountered the 
outposts of the enemy whom we quickly drove in ; after a few 
moments surveying in the darkness, General Smith wisely de- 
termined to form his line and make his stand here. 

Accordingly a portion ot the command was dismounted and 
moved forward into line, the right of the First Maine resting on 



RECOLLECTIONS OF APPOMATTOX. 135 

the road and the left in the air, the Sixth Ohio on our right the 
balance of the brigade elsewhere. The section of artillery was 
in the road to the right of the First Maine. The night was dark, 
damp and cold, and as we could have no fires our only source 
of warmth and comfort was in vigorous exercise, and that our 
exercise might profit as well as warm and comfort, we set out 
to construct some kind of works that would be at least a little 
protection to us when the attack should be made, which we 
momently expected. Some time before daylight we had, on 
my part of the line at least, quite a formidable bullet-proof 
breastwork, made of fence rails, and such dirt as could be dug up 
with pointed sticks and sharp ended rails, and were impatiently 
waiting for darkness to disappear and speculating upon the 
probable events of the coming day. Just as the glimmer of 
the new day appeared in the eastern sky, the enemy was an- 
nounced by the sharp crack of the carbines of our videts in 
front. The attacking force proved to be a strong reconnoiter- 
ing party of the enemy, that had been sent out to ascertain what 
rude force had insulted their outposts in the darkness and had 
boldly planted itself squarely across their only remaining line of 
retreat. A few rounds from our carbines and a few quick suc- 
cessive shots from our artillery, gave them the information they 
sought and sent them flying back to their lines. The firing of 
our artillery was continued some minutes, firing into the dark- 
ness, into we knew not what. The sound of those guns echoing 
over the hills on that early morning air was inspiring, and it ef- 
fected a two-fold advantage to our forces which I think has 
never been publicly reported nor fully appreciated. At that 
hour although unknown to us, Lee's whole army was in our 
front, a large part of it only a mile away resting on the hill 
slopes and in the valley before us, and the little hamlet of Ap- 
pomattox Court House lay between us and his main force. The 
shells from our guns must have passed over the town and into 
his camps beyond. The sharp crack of our carbines and the 
quick successive shots from our artillery must have magnified 
our small force in his eyes and caused a more perfect and ex- 



136 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

tended preparation for his contemplated advance, while it 
quickened the wearied pace of our brave boys of the Fifth, 
Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Corps ; who had marched all 
the long night that they might be with us in the contest that 
would be inevitable in the morning. Indeed, General Chamber- 
lain broke off his brigade from its division of the Fifth Corps 
and came three miles on the quick march while the Twenty- 
fourth and Birney colored boys of the Twenty-fifth Corps took 
the lively step of our artillery music and came timely into posi- 
tion, where they could be effectively used under the eye of Gen- 
eral Sheridan. All this too, at this time, was unknown to us. We 
only knew that Sheridan was in command and that he never 
failed to afford us needed help. 

Full daylight appears and our line is intact and undisturbed. 
The sun comes up over the wooded hills and soon begins to 
drink up the cold dew that sparkles in its morning rays, and yet 
quiet reigns along our lines ! 7 o'clock comes and all is still ! 
7 : 30, silence ! 7:40, ditto! 7:50! They rome ! See! On our 
left front ! A force many times larger than we have to resist 
them ! And such a force ! As we look down on them from 
our position and see them moving slowly towards us, they ap- 
pear an unorganized mass, no military formation of any char- 
acter. More than an army, they resemble an armed mob of mad 
men ; determined, desperate. When they came within range 
we opened on them with our carbines, but our fire produced 
no perceptible effect on them. Still on they come and hotter 
grows the fire from our carbines but it does not impede their 
progress nor turn them from their purpose. When they come 
so near as to threaten our capture we are ordered to fall back 
to our right and rear. They see us in retreat and still come 
howling after us. To us, weak and wearied as we were, the re- 
treat was most sad and painful. Ordinarily, cavalrymen on 
foot are but little better than loons on land, but I think after 
the first quarter of a mile we would willingly have exchanged 
our powers of locomotion for the comparative strength and 
facilities of the loon. We passed over perhaps half a mile of 



RECOLLECTIONS OF APPOMATTOX. 137 

open or cleared land, and a short distance to the rear of this 
point was a dense woods, to which we were directed and when we 
got there, a gladder sight never greeted waiting eyes than met 
ours. Concealed a few yards back from the front of the woods 
was a long line of troops, of colored troops, only waiting for us 
to retire behind their line that they might advance without 
bringing us between two fires. The sight was most cheering, it 
revolutionized our feelings and our hopes ! We had no idea 
that there were any infantry within twenty miles of us, and we 
wondered why Sheridan did not attack with his whole cavalry 
force and not let us be driven from the field. The mystery was 
now solved, Sheridan proposed to end the war right there and 
then ; and that with the least possible loss of life. The colored troops 
were in position ; the Twenty-fourth Corps to their left and across 
the Lynchburg road, the Fifth Corps coming into position and 
the Cavalry massing on the right for a final charge. Just as we 
got in the rear of the colored troops, sergeant Foster of Co. H. 
who had charge of the lead horses of the third battalion, came 
to inform us where our horses were and to report for orders; I 
took his horse and gave him necessary instructions. I was so 
fascinated with that splendid line of troops extending in the 
woods to the right and left farther than I could see, I could not 
leave them and, besides, I had never seen colored troops under 
fire and had a great desire to witness their bearing in action. 
Here was my opportunity. The great strain our cavalry bri- 
gade had sustained especially in the last twelve hours, I knew 
had totally unfitted both men and horse for further service un- 
til they could rest and get refreshed, so that I should run little 
risk of censure for a short absence from my command. The 
line officers of the colored troops were all worthy young white 
men who, as non-commissioned officers as privates, had been 
tested in active service in other regiments, and had been recom- 
mended for promotion, and who, after having passed a rigid 
examination by a board of army officers, had been com- 
missioned and assigned to duty where their services were most 
needed. I stood and watchQ<^ them with increasing interest. 



138 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

They seemed to be vying with each other to see who could in- 
fuse the most enthusiam into their men ; and the men were as 
eagerly imbibing the ardor and the spirit of their brave young 
officers, and each seemed to feel that he could whip twice his 
weight in angry Rebs. 

The men had not yet seen the enemy who was diagonally ap- 
proaching their line, but they had not long to wait, for in a few 
moments the welcome command was given and they sprung for- 
ward in the most perfect order I had ever seen troops move in- 
to action, and, as that long line of shining faces and bristling 
bayonets emerged from the thick woods into the open field, it 
presented a most gorgeous and thrilling spectacle ; — a memor- 
able sight, — the last line of troops I ever s.aw move into action. 
The exultant Reb's were still coming on and had already pre- 
sented a flank to this line but when their eyes met this most 
unexpected sight they seemed for an instant paralyzed, and 
then as quickly recovering their senses turned on the run to the 
rear. I have thought a thousand times how I would value a 
photograph of that scene as I saw it then and as I remember it 
still: — along line of armed men, for whose enslavement the war 
had begun and had been continued to that moment, with a back- 
ground of deep dark wood a few paces in the rear, out of which 
they had just come, and bravely marching into the open fields 
towards the east in the early morning sunlight, while the great 
army of their once proud masters, reduced to a sad remnant, 
was fleeing before them. Just then a white flag appeared be- 
fore Custer's line; a halt was ordered; hostilities ceased. The 
War Was Over ! 

I returned to my regiment and found the men quietly rest- 
ing. I looked for my darkey and he was missing again ; pre- 
sumably looking for the mule; presumably he is looking for the 
mule yet; presumably he will return when he finds the mule. I 
have waited patiently more than a quarter of a century for his 
return. During the day some of our men had permission to go 
over the ground of our morning conflict to gratify their curiosity 
and to pick up some trophies of value or interest from that 
memorable field. 



RECOLLECTIONS OF APPOMATTOX. 139 

I. C. Mosher of Co. H, while prosecuting his search, discov- 
ered by the side of a dead confederate, a Hving memento, a Httle 
pup no more than four or five weeks old, crying and moaning 
piteously. It was a custom quite common among the confed- 
erate soldiers, much more so than among the Union, to keep 
pets, cats, dogs, and smaller animals, and sometimes birds in 
rude cages, and to take them along on the march and even into 
action. This little dog had undoubtedly been brought all the 
long way from Richmond or Petersburg and had endured the 
hardships of that sad march and shared the scanty rations of 
his kind master, whose life had gone out on the field in that 
last battle. Mosher took the wee little rebel along to camp, fed 
him and in a little time he was thoroughly reconstructed except 
in name. Rebel, and as happy and playful as his little doggish 
nature could be. The little dog continued with his new master, 
growing finely until sometime in the summer when we were on 
duty at Chesterfield Court House, he was sold and taken to New 
York. 

We remained in camp near by until the next morning, the loth 
when our cavalry corps set out in the return march. But before 
we set out, at the suggestion of Grant, Smith, or Sheridan, we 
were permitted a farewell look upon the brave men and the rep- 
resentatives of other brave men, who had fought us in vain so 
hard and long. As we approached their shelterless camps, 
their little fires still smoking, and unarmed men lying idly about 
them, our regimental band struck up " Yankee Doodle " and 
played it in the liveliest manner possible. Our men were cau- 
tioned, if we rode among them to make no remarks that would 
irritate or in any way injure the sensitive feelings of those erring 
men, whose cause had expired there and whose political hopes 
were being buried on that field ; but there was no need of such 
an order, for whatever of bitterness or of enmity we may here- 
tofore have entertained towards them was now forgotten, and 
only worthier and kindlier feelings actuated us. Close down by 
their camp stood gallant " Little Phil," our cavalry idol, who 
had contributed so much genius, wisdom, and skill to the sue- 



140 ^^^ MAINE BUGLE. 

cess that had at last crowned our united efforts, and as oui reg- 
iments came up to him they vied with each other in giving him 
the heartiest welcome. He acknowledged the generous greet- 
ing with a genial smile and with no sign or show of selfish pride, 
but with a look and expression more forcible than words, that 
spoke "God bless you boys! You have nobly performed your 
part in accomplishing the great result before us; I have done 
no more." 

As we looked afar, on that great body of men whom we 
hoped, whom we expected to meet in arms no more forever, in 
all our joy and gladness we could not prevent a feeling of sad- 
ness as we realized their humiliating condition and thought of 
the sorrowful homes that would welcome them, of the desola- 
tion and destruction they had invited to that portion of our 
common country, and of the army of the dead that could not 
return with them. 

We camped at night at Prospect Station where Gen. Grant 
joined us. In the morning of the i ith, our brigade was de- 
tailed and escorted Gen. Grant to Burkesville, where at 4 P. M. 
we drew rations and forage. At Burkesville, General Grant 
took train for Washington, and we saw him no more in the mili- 
tary service. 



The Twentieth Maine in Rhyme. 

BY CHARLES 11. MERO, CO. E, TWENTIETH MAINE INFANTRY. 

'Twas when I was a little lad, 

Just turned nineteen years old, 
I enlisted for a soldier boy. 

Because I was so bold ; 
No better feeling chap, 'twas said, 

Had ever been enrolled; 
We thought to have a picnic time — 

In fact we were so told. 

Our uncle Abe had sent out word 

Of trouble way down South, 
And wanted soldiers, l)rave and true. 

Who'd stand both rain and drouth. 



THE TWENTIETH MAINE. 141 

And so for him we volunteered, 

But felt down in the mouth 
To leave our sweethearts here at home, 

While we fought in the South. 

We landed down in Washington 

One bright Septeml)er day. 
Resolved that we would whip those rebs 

As well as draw our pay. 
Then with our knapsacks on our backs 

We started for the fray — 
The girls all flirted with us then. 

Just as they do today. 

No Johnnies had we seen as yet, 

But hoped from day to day 
To meet some of' those graybacks who 

Would dare to stop our way. 
We wanted Uncle Abe to see 

We'd fight as well as play. 
And let those Southern nabobs know 

They couldn't have their way. 

We had not many days to wait 

Before the fun begun ; 
We met them on Antietam fields, 

And as they wouldn't run. 
We opened fire upon them sharp 

And pounded them like fun, 
Until they did skedaddling go, 

Before the set of sun. 

At Fredericksburg again we met. 

But it was different there; 
They had those heights all fortified — 

No weak place anywhere ; 
Their bullets, schrapnel, shot and shell 

Completely filled the air. 
So after fighting two long days, 

We quit and left them there. 

At Chancellorsville we met again — 

What shall we say of that? 
We thought old " Fighting Joseph " was 

Just "talking through his hat;" 
' Twas mystery to most of us 

To know " where we were at" — 
The Johnnies made us scamper like 

A frightened Thomas cat. 



142 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

At Gettysburg once more we met, 

Both armies fresh and strong, 
With open fields between us ; ah ! 

The fight was fierce and long; 
But when we gained those Round Tops from 

That fierce and hungry throng, 
And turned the tide against them there, 

They sang a different song. 

Down in the wilderness we met — 

The brush was awful thick, 
But the Johnny Rebs were thicker still, 

And seemed inclined to stick; 
We fought them and we flanked them, too. 

And voted Grant a brick 
At changing corps from right to left 

Upon the double quick. 

At Petersburg we settled down, 

Resolved to stay right there. 
While Sherman through old Georgia marched 

And left the hen roosts bare; 
We had to live beneath the ground 

On common hard-tack fare 
While Grant was entertaining Lee 

So he could go nowhere. 

And when at Appomattox, Lee 

Surrendered all he had, 
You can your bottom dollar bet 

"That we weren't feeling bad. 
The Johnnies looked defiant, some. 

And some were awful mad 
Because Secession had gone bust. 

But the Nation's heart was glad. 

The war has long been over, and 

We boys are bald and gray. 
But closer now we'll keep our ranks 

As we march on life's highway. 
Although our steps are slower, we 

Still claim the right of way. 
For we, that dear old emblem, saved 

That floats o'er all today. 



CORRECTIONS AND ADDITIONS. 143 



Corrections and Additions 

To the list of losses in the First Maine Heavy Artillery, as pub- 
lished in the January number of the Bugle by Maj. Charles J. 
House, Historian F'irst Maine Heavy Artillery. 

LOSSES AT Sl'OTTSYI.VAMA, MAY 19th, 1 864. 

Co. A — Killed — Add, Pvt. Bealy Runnels. Wounded — Add, Sgt. Luther Clay. 
Omit, Pvts. Benjamin Dow, Thomas IL Griffin, Bealy Runnels. 

Co. B — Wounded— Add, Copls. Herbert Leadhetter, Isaiah B. l^olton, Willard B. 
Emery; Pvts. George Emerson, .\lphonso Fletcher, John Frazer, Charles W.Johnson, 
William W. Pomroy. Omit, Pvt. Moses H. Stewart. 

Co. C— Killed— Add, Wag. John Lynch. Wounded— Add, Pvts. William H. Stan- 
ley, Wellington Stratton, Ambrose H. Wasgatt. 

Co. D — Wounded — Add, Copl. Lorenzo D. Hoyt; Pvt. Isaac Dunning. Omit, 
PVt. David Ames. 

Co. E — Wounded — Add, Pvts. Henry A. Evans, Aaron W.Jackson, James R. Orne, 
David O. Pollard, Henry W. Stearns. 

Co. F— Killed— Omit, Pvt. Charles P. Wheeler. Wounded— Add, Pvts. Robert C. 
Dunaff, Selden Rogers, John W. Smith, Charles P. Wheeler. Omit, Pvt. Daniel P. 
Raymond. 

Co. G — Wounded — Add, Pvts. Asa Batchelder, Henry W. Casey, Charles H. Frazier, 
Floriman D. Furbish, John McLaughlin, Thornton E. Peavey, Oilman Pike. 

Co. H— Wounded— Add, Pvt. Geo. W. Low. 

Co. I — Killed — Add, Pvt. Jerome Mitchell. Wounded — Add, Capt. Andrew J. 
Jaquith; Sgt. Adelbert F. Sproule; Pvts. Ephraim L. Brawn, Charles H. Hardy, 
Upham A. Hoyt, George H. Smith. 

Co. K — Wounded — Add, Sgts. Robert Smith, Pmoch L. Hanscomb, John T. Ward; 
Corp. Abijah Ayer; Pvts. David Page, William B. Kief, Walter Owen, F^phraim W. 
Stewart. Omit, Art. Geo. W. Howe. 

Co. L — Killed — Add, Sgt. Charles C. Morse. Wounded — Add, Sgts. Cieorge E. 
Dodge, Joseph A. Burlingame; Art. John M. Hamlin; Pvts. George NL Brown, Virgil 
D. Bowley, Heman Case, Nelson W. Edwards, William King, Loomis T. Nickerson, 
Albert J. Osgood, John E. Potter. 

Co. M — Wounded — Add, Copl. William C. Bridge; Pvts. Henry G. Barlow, Charles 
G. Herrin, Charles ^L Staples, Virgil D. Sweetland, Josiah ^L Whittier. Omit Pvts. 
Isaac P. Batchelder, Charles Green, Henry O. Keith, Franklin R. Knowlton, John A. 
Mitchell, Samuel W. Moore. 

LOSSES AT MILFORD STATION, MAY 2ISt, 1864. 

Co. D — Wounded — Add, Pvt. David Ames. 



144 ^^^ MAINE BUGLE. 

LOSSES AT NORTH ANNA, MAY 23d,-26th, 1 864 

Co. A— Killed— Add, Pvt. Thomas H. Griffin, 

LOSSET AT TOTOPOTOMY, MAY 30,-3 1 St, 1864. 

Co. A — Wounded — Add, Pvt. Benjamin Dow. 
Co. C— Wounded— Add, Pvt. Bloomfield T. Richardson, 
Co. D — Wounded — Add, Pvt, Ebenezer D. Harlow. 
Co. K — Wounded — Add, Pvt, Hiram Farley. 

LOSSES AT COLD HARBOR, JUNE 2d-I2th, 1 864. 

Co. A — Wounded — Add, Pvts. Nathan C. Cole, Levi D. Curtis. Prisoners — For 
Addison C. Keene read Addison C. Keen. 

Co. D — \younded — Add, Pvts. Roscoe G. Johnson, Nathan Knowlton, Edward K. 
Moulton, Theodore C. Stevens, Lorenzo Parks. 

Co. L— Wounded— Add, Pvt, Willard Page. 

Co, M — Wounded — Add, Pvts. Ferdinand Palmer, Frederick Stanhope. 

LOSSES AT PETERSBURC, JUNE 1 6th, 1 864. 

Co. K — Killed — Add, Pvt. James Sears. Wounded — Copl. Jacob Henry. 
Co. L— Wounded— Omit, Pvt. Willard Page. 
Co. M — Wounded — Add, Pvt. Thomas Leighton, 

LOSSES AT PETERSBURG, JUNE 17th, 1 864. 

Co. B — Wounded — Add, Wag. Charles W. Jones. 

Co. D— Killed— Omit Pvt. Frank W. Whittier. 

Co. K — Wounded — Omit Copl. Jacob Henry. 

Co. L— Killed— Add, Pvt. Charles E. Prescott. 

Co. M— Killed— Add, Pvt. Edwin G. Minot. Wounded— Add, Pvt. Charles Green. 

LOSSES AT PETERSBURG, JUNE 1 8th, IS64, 

P~ield and Staff — Wounded— Add, Maj. Russell B. Shepherd. 

Co. A— Wounded— Add, Lt. Charles Merrill. Omit, Pvt. Levi D. Curtis. 

Co. B — Killed — Add, Copl. Calvin R. Billington. For Daniel R. Mills read David 
R. Mills. Wounded— Add, Pvt. Moses H. Stewart. Omit, Copls. Calvin R. Billington, 
Isaiah B. Bolton. 

Co. C — Killed— Add, Pvt. Charles H. Long. Wounded— Add, Pvts. Henry A, Car- 
ter, Henry L. Lunt, Omit Pvts. Charles H. Long, Wm. H. Stanley. 

Co. D— Killed— Add, Pvt. Frank W. Whittier. Wounded— Add, Sgts. Jonathan C. 
Lane, Albert Haskell; Pvts. Albion K. V. CJrant. Edward K. Moulton, Horace A. 
Smith. Omit, Pvt. Nathan Knowlton. 

Co. Y — Wounded — Add, Pvts. Ephraim K. Drew, Daniel P. Raymond, John L. 
Robinson, Altheus O. Wing. Omit, Copl. .Samuel E. Pray. 

Co. G — Wounded — Add, Pvts. George W. Joy, George W. Kcnney, James W. Lunt. 

Co. I — Killed — Add, Pvt. Stillman Guppy. Omit, Pvt. Jerome Mitchell. Wounded — 
Omit, Pvts. Stillman Guppy. 

Co. K — Killed — Omit, Pvt. James Scars. Wounded — Omit, John Rarrell, William 
B. Kief. 



CORRECTIONS AND ADDITIONS. 145 

Co. L — Killed — Omit, Sgt. Charles C. Morse; Pvt. Charles E. Prescott. Wounded — 
Add, Pvt. James H. Stinson; Omit, Pvt. George M. Brown; for Nathan W. Pratt, read 
Nathan N. Pratt. 

Co. M — Kille<l — Add, Copl, John C. Grover. Omit, Pvt. Edwin G. Minot. For 
Copl. Edward E. Jennison read Sgt. Edward E. Jennison. Wounded — Add, Pvts. 
William F. Butter. Franl<lin R. Knowlton. Omit, Copl. John C. (jrover; Pvts. Ferdi- 
nand Palmer, Frederick. Stanhope, Virgil D. Sweetland. 

LOSSES ON JERUSALEM PLANK ROAD, JUNE 22d, 1864. 

Co. A — Wounded — For Albert Spearing read Albert Spearen. 
Co. C — Killed — Add, Pvt. Alanson Bennett. 
Co. K— Wounded— Add, Pvt. John Barrell. 
Co. M— Killed— Add, Pvt. Edward P. Clary. 

LOSSES .\T DEEP BOTTOM AUGUST I4th,-l8th, 1 864. 

Co. F — Wounded — Add. Copl. John II. Kcllcy; Pvt. John Heard; For Pvt. Samuel 
E. Pray read Copl. Samuel E. Pray. 

Co. M— Wounded— Add, Pvt. Mark P. Kelley. 

LOSSES AT SQUIRREL LEVEL ROAD, OCTOHER 2d, 1 864. 

Co. A — Wounded — Omit, Pvt. Andrew Hooper. 

Co. C — Killed — For Pvt. James H. — read James H. Grover. 

Co. D — Wounded — Add, Pvt. John Potter. 

Co. F — Wouniled — Add, Copl. Fred A. Chamberlain. 

Co. H — Wounded — Omit, Pvt. Converse Thomas. 

LOSSES AT BOYDTON ROAD, OCIOBEK, 27th, 1 864. 

Co. A — Killed and Prisoners — For Pvt. Roger Connelly read Pvt. Roger Connoley. 
Wounded — Add, Lt. Warren A. Huntress. 

Co. B— Wounded— Add, Pvt. William H. Welch. 

Co. H — Wounded — Add, Pvts. Benjamin T. Genthner, Converse Thomas. 

Co. M — Prisoner— Add, Pvt. Josiah M. Whittier. 

The name of Hiram G. Bottom of Co. D is included in the official list of wounded in 
this action, but a neighbor of his has written me to the effect that he was not wounded, 
or if at all so slightly that he never mentioned it after returning from prison. 

The wonnding of Roger Connoley is also questioned. He died in prison soon after 
capture. If any one has any personal knowledge or positive information in regard to 
either case I would like to hear from them. 

LOSSES IN EOKT HELL AND VICINITY, SU.MMER AND 1-ALL OK 1864. 

Co. A — Wounded — Add, Pvt. Andrew Hooper. 

Co. B — Wounded — Omit, Wag. Charles W. Jones. 

Co. K— Wounded— Add, Sgt. Fred O. Talbot; Pvt. John Corbet. 

LOSSES AT HATCHERS RUN, MARCH 25th, 1 865. 

Co. C— Wounded— Add, Pvt. William L. Eldridge. 
Co. D— Wounded— Add Copl. Charles H. Calif. 
Co. E— Wounded— Add, Pvt. John Saul. 



146 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Co. F — Wounded — Add, Pvt. Martin V. Tripp. 

Co. L— Wounded— Add, Pvts. Charles R. Brown, Charles O, Cowan. 

LOSSES NEAR FIVE FORKS, MARCH 31st, 1865. 

Co. E— Wounded— Add, Pvt. Edward B. West. 

LOSSES AT SAILORS CREEK, APRIL 6th, 1865. 

Co. A — Wounded— Add, Copls. William Hr.rmon, Frederick H. Tucker; Pvt. Ben- 
jamin G. Grover. 

Co. B — Wounded — Add, Capt. Frederic C. Low; Pvt. P^ancis McKenna. 

Co. E— Wounded— Omit, Pvt. John Saul. 

Co. F — Wounded — Add, Sgt. James E. Wentworth. 

Co. G— Wounded— .\dd, Pvt. John B. Craig. 

Co. H — Wounded — Vild, Pvts. James II. Braz/.ell, Arthur D. Bumps, Timothy Cun- 
ningham. 

Co. I— Wounded— Add, Pvt. Michael Ryan. 

Co. M— Wounded— Add, Lt. Arthur P. Budge; Pvt. John Noyes. 

The above comprises all the additions and corrections I have thus far been able to 
make to my list which was printed in the January number of the Bugle. The follow- 
ing members of the regiment are still unaccounted for, that is ihey were absent at the 
muster out of the regiment and no record has been found of their discharge or death. 
I give name, residence and cause of absence. Any person who can do so will confer 
a favor by writing me what information they may possess in regard to any of Them. 

Co. A — Pvts. Michael Boucher, Calais, sick; Walter K. Kelley, Dexter, sick. 

Co. B — Pvt. Moses H. Stewart, Wellington, wounded. 

Co. C — Pvt. Owen O'Neil, Cherryfield, paroled prisoner, wounded. 

Co. D — Pvts. John H. Partridge, Hampden, sick. James A. Scullin, Bangor, sick. 

Co. E — Pvt. Peter Pelkie, Brewer, (a French Canadian) paroled prisoner, wounded. 

Co. F — Pvts. David W. Barrett, Hermon, wounded; Ambrose Nason, Bradley, 
wounded. 

Co. G—Copl. Charles L. Shaw, Orneville, sick; Pvts. Kenney Depray, J^""ksport, 
missing in action May 19th, 1864; James E. Fulton, New Brunswick, wounded. 

Co. H — Pvts. Campliell A. Fickett, Columbia, sick; Franklin Foss, Machias, sick; 
Cyrus B. Millett, Winterport, sick; Seward W. Tucker, Webster Plantation, sick; 
Benjamin Weaver, Foxcroft, wounded; George M. Willcy, Dixmont, wounded. 

Co. I — Pvt. James F. Getchell, Orono, wounded. 

Co. K — Pvt. Philander C. Brawn, Corinth, wounded. 

Co. L— Copl. James P. Newell, Bath, prisoner; Pvts. FVanklin Campbell, Calais, 
prisoner; James W. Hall, Bethel, wounded. 

Co. M — Pvts. Hiram Batchelder, Montville, wounded; Philonas K. Martin, Lewis- 
ton, wounded; David M. Morgan, Greenwood, wounded; Charles D. Robbins, Har- 
rington, wounded. 



FIFTH NEW YORK IN THE VALIEY. 147 



1 he Fifth New York Cavalry in the Valley. 

liV V. S. DICKENSON, l-llTIl NEW YDKK CAVALRY. 

Recruiting for the cavalry service was commenced as early as 
the twenty-first day of April 1861, in New York city, by Au- 
gustus P. Greene, who spent much time, and a large amount of 
his own money, in enlisting and caring for his men, and the 
necessary expenses attending his efforts to get the government 
to accept them. The government persistently declining men 
for this branch of the service until the twenty-sixth day of July 
of that year, when by the efforts of Senator Ira Harris of New 
York, his son-in-law, O. D. Forest was authorized by the War 
Department to raise a regiment of cavalry called the First Regi- 
ment, Ira Harris Guards, which proved the nucleus of a fine 
cavalry brigade. The first battalion of the Ira Harris Guards, 
was recruited principally in New York City. The Second, one 
company in each of the following counties; Alleghany, Wyom- 
ing, Tioga, and Essex. The Third, principally in Albany and 
Troy, New York. The first rendezvous was at Camp Herndon 
near Stapleton, Statcn Island, then to Camp Scott, where the 
first lessons of the trooper dismounted, was diligently taught by 
competent drill masters. The first and second battalions re- 
ceived their horses and equipments during the. month of Octo- 
ber and the regiment moved to Baltimore on the eighteenth of 
November; during their stay of one week the Third battalion 
was mounted, and sabers were issued to all. On the twenty- 
fifth, the regiment made its first march mounted, from Balti- 
more to Annapolis, Maryland, and bivouacked in Saint Mary's 
College grounds. Moved from there to Camp about three 
miles from the city, and pitched our little A tents in a muddy 
cornfield covered with snow. 

The government furnished one of these tents for each non- 
commissioned officer and five men, crowding six men into space 



148 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

barely capable of accomodating three. But a few cornstalks 
placed in them for the double purpose of beds and floor made 
things quite comfortable. Our cooks were sadly deficient in the 
culinary art, yet our rations were much superior to those re- 
ceived on Staten Island. The snow soon disappeared and the 
sun came out bright and warm, drying the sandy field in which 
we were camped and making it an excellent place for a cavalry 
camp. Thus the winter of '6i and '62 found the First Regi- 
ment, Ira Harris Guards (Fifth New York Cavalry) in camp of 
instruction under competent drill masters, and the regiment 
soon became proficient in horsemanship, the sabre drill and the 
tactical evolutions of the trooper mounted, and the foundation 
was laid for a brilliant career in a gigantic rebellion, whose 
magnitude was not dreamed of at that date. Although the men 
were attentive to instruction and subordinate, they had increas- 
ing desire to escape from the monotony of drill and put in 
practice the lessons taught in Camp Harris, before the rebellion 
was put down by the infantry troops. Early in December, Sib- 
ley tents were received capable of accomodating fourteen men 
comfortably and placed on stockades in nicely arranged streets 
by companies with a corresponding row of stables for the horses. 
At the head of each company street was the officers' wall 
tents, at the foot, the cook tent, occupied by a soldier detailed 
for that purpose. With a stove in each tent purchased by each 
tent squad, they were very comfortable and pleasant. On the 
first day of March orders were received to break camp. Much 
as we enjoyed our pleasant quarters these marching orders were 
received with cheers and rejoicing. The regiment moved to 
Annapolis and bivouacked in the navy yard. On the following 
month April first, we took cars for an unknown destination. But 
after a pleasant ride along the B. & O. R. R. on the tops of 
freight cars, we landed at Harper's Ferry in the evening in the 
midst of a heavy snow storm, and bivouacked in the ruins of the 
Government Arsenal, made famous as the place of refuge of 
John Brown and his party. On the following day wc occupied 
government buildings on the plateau between the Potomac and 



FIFTH NEW YORK IN THE VALIEY. 149 

Shenandoah rivers. Revolvers were received and issued, and 
our saddles exchanged for the new McClelland saddle. The 
twentieth of April again set us in motion towards Winchester, 
through Halltown and Charlestown. While passing the latter 
place the boys sang "John Brown's body lies mouldering in the 
grave etc," much to the disgust of the citizen spectators, stand- 
ing in front of that old Court House where John Brown received 
his death sentence on the second day of December, 1859. We 
arrived in Winchester in the evening in the midst of a cold rain, 
and bivouacked two days. 

Resuming the march on the twent>'-sccond, up the Shenan- 
doah Valley, we passed the battle ground where Gen. Shields 
fought the battle of Kernstown, on the twenty-fifth of March, 
and on to Newtown, Middletown, and Strasburg, thence to 
Woodstock, Mt. Jackson and Newmarket, where a rcconnoiter- 
ing party in their hunt for game, captured four rebels, which 
was the first game of the kind caught by the regiment, and was 
considered quite a lucky thing. The remark was made, that it 
was not much of a day for rebels either. Gen. Banks forces be- 
ing at Harrisburg, Co. A of the Fifth New York Cavalry ( that 
is the number we go by now) made a reconnoisance in the di- 
rection of Fort Republic, running into a brief skirmish and los- 
ing one man captured. The first man lost in an engagement. 

The regiment moved to Harrisburg on the third of May and 
back to Newmarket on the fifth. Colonel Ashby, a brilliant 
young officer of the rebel army, who had made himself famous 
by his frequent daring and generally successful raids on the 
pickets of our forces in the valley during the previous winter 
and early spring, was now reported at Harrisburg and advanc- 
ing down the valley. Co. E and a portion of I and M were sent 
up to meet them under the command of Major Vought. When 
within five miles of Harrisburg the advance guard commanded 
by Adjutant Hasbrouck came upon the vidette outposts of the 
rebels, a charge was immediately ordered and continued the 
whole distance of five miles to Harrisburg. Up the pike like 
the wind flew this little band of eager cavalrymen through the 



150 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

thick blinding, stifling dust; the dust being so dense at times as 
to completely hide the heads of our horses; yet on and on we 
went at the highest speed of our horses, following close on the 
heels of those vidcttes, who were straining every nerve of their 
horses to carry the news in advance of the approaching Yanks, 
to their own comrades. Past their line of pickets, flew the pur- 
sued and pursurers and into their reserve who were found to be 
lying on the ground and a part of them unsaddled. Our boys 
made lively work for a few minutes with their sabres killing 
three, wounding five, capturing seven, and many good horses, 
while the Johnnies were making the liveliest kind of move- 
ments to get away from such society. 

When the firing was heard in front. Major Vought ordered a 
halt, and excitedly rode up and down that little column enquir- 
ing for a fresh horse. "Who's got a fresh horse?" " Is there a 
bugler on the ground, sound the recall." While this scene was 
being enacted, the enemy's pickets were running past in the 
field on either side of us, and the advance, through lack of ex- 
perience and a knowledge of what course to pursue under such 
exciting circumstances, came back to the column, having lost 
Adjutant Hasbruck their commander, and Sergeant Whitcomb, 
captured, Ashleal A. Spencer, killed, and William Mills wounded. 
Sergeant Whitcomb however was only retained a few minutes 
as a prisoner of war. His quick perception revealed an opportu- 
nity which he improved to escape almost as soon as captured, 
and he returned to the command in time to hear the Major en- 
quire for a fresh horse and volunteered the information that a 
fresh codfish could be found as readily. The command im- 
mediately returned to camp at New Market, where they received 
the plaudits of their fellow soldiers and a grand serenade by 
Gen. Bank's headquarter band, and flattering eulogistic articles 
from the pens of the army correspondents, eager for crumbs of 
army news that one year later would not have been considered of 
sufficient magnitude to deserve a passing notice. But this little 
afi'air caused a great deal of talk in army circles, for the reason 
that little was expected of cavalry, because McClellan had said 



FfF'lII NEW YORK IN THE VALLEY 151 

cavalry was needed only for escort dut\', but the truth dawned 
upon him a few weeks later, when the rebel cavalry, commanded 
by Stuart, marched all around him and broke his communica- 
tions and burned his supplies at the White House landing. As 
has been said before, this little affair at Harrisburg, Va., 
on the sixth day of May 1862, small as it was. had a very im- 
portant bearing on the future of the cavalry, superinduced by 
the army correspondents. Here is some of their " gush" quoted 
verbatim ; " The brilliant charge of which you were informed by 
telegraph, has established beyond a cavil the reputation of the 
Ira Harris Guard. Hereafter the rebels will not forget that 
there is cavalry in this department, capable of driving back 
tlieir mounted guerrillas in confusion and consternation, capable 
of using the sabre, the proper instrument of the trooper in close 
hand to hand conflict. This is the first time that wj have 
heard from this bod\' of New York Cavalry, and they have made 
a good report of themselves, and done honor to their state." 
(Correspondent New York World.) 

Our pickets were constantly being annoyed by the bush- 
whacking guerrillas, who were hovering about on all sides of the 
army, watching for opportunities to kill or capture any small 
squad of men who chanced to stray a little distance from camp. 
A party of Co.'s I and L while bathing in the river near New 
Market were fired upon and two men of Co. I killed and one of 
Co. L captured. While the army was falling back, Ashby's 
caxalry followed closely on our rear, every movement of ours 
being faithfulK' reported to him b)' citizens within our lines 
whose property was being protected by our guards. They 
claimed to be good Union men, but clandestinely furnished in- 
formation to our enemies. Thus the rebel chief was always 
ready to move nearly as soon as we were. At W'oodstock on 
the twelfth he again made his appearance and attacked our rear 
guard, and again at Toms Brook. At the latter place, Gen. 
Hatch took one hundred and fifty men and sent the band flee- 
ing up the valley several miles, killing and wounding several 
and capturing three, and returning without the loss of a man. 



152 7'//£: MAINE BUGLE. 

With this force driven away the army rested quietly at Stras- 
burg until the twenty-third, when messengers arrived from Co.'s 
B and D who had the day before been sent to reinforce Col. 
Kenly at Front Royal, with information that Kenly had been at- 
tacked by an overwhelming force under Stonewall Jacksofi and 
urgently calling for reinforcements. Gen. Banks did not appear 
to think that the trouble at Front Royal serious; but gave im- 
mediate orders for the Second Massachusetts Infantry and some 
other troops, all he could spare from his already depleted army to 
go to his assistance. Pursuant to an order dated Washington, D. 
C, May 15th, 1862, Gen. Banks had sent Gen. Shield's division 
to report to Gen. McDowell then in command of the depart- 
ment of the Rappahannock, vvhich left him only Gen. Wil- 
liam's division and some cavalry, barely seven thousand men in 
all, nine hundred of which were at Front Royal. Banks was 
aware that Jackson was within striking distance of him, for he 
had learned that there had been an engagement between him 
and Gen. Milroy in the Bull Pasture mountains on the seven- 
teenth. But Ashby's Cavalry kept Jackson's movements so 
well covered that he came down on the unsuspecting little gar- 
rison at Front Royal twenty thousand strong, with all the assur- 
ing confidence that great strength gives over the weak. 

That little band under their gallant leader, Col. Kenly, made a 
brilliant and stubborn fight as did also Co.'s B and U of the 
P^ifth New York Cavalry under their brave leader Capt. A. H. 
White, who subsequently became Col. of the regiment. As be- 
fore stated Banks had been informed of the attack at Front 
Royal by messengers, one of whom, Sergeant Greenleaf of Co. D 
asked for a fresh horse of Gen. Banks and immediately set out 
to return to his company. Before reaching them he met some 
mounted soldiers standing by the roadside, who in answer to 
his inquiries, replied that they were a part of Gen. Jackson's 
staff. As they did not halt him, he rode a short distance be- 
yond them and met another man with a nuiskct on his shoulder 
who informed him that he belonged to the ICighth Louisiana 
regiment and that Jackson was advancing on that road twenty 



FIFTH NEW YORK IN THE VALLEY. 153 

thousand strong. Instantly wheeling his horse he made his es- 
cape and returned to Gen. Banks at Strasburg and gave him this 
information Banks said " You have saved the army." The 
logical conclusion was that the force at Front Royal had been an- 
nihilated, or if not, had retreated towards Winchester, and Jack- 
son was moving his main force to intercept Banks at Middletown 
or Newtown. 

At this point a brief description of the principle topographical 
features of this region will the better enable the reader to more 
fully understand the critical position in which the Union army 
was placed, and the skill and promptness displayed by the com- 
manding General in extricating it. The beautiful and fertile 
valley of the Shenandoah lies between the Blue Ridge and the 
Shenandoah or North mountains, which are a branch of the 
Allegheny Ridge and is drained by the Shenandoah river and 
its tributaries, rising in Augusta County near Staunton, flowing 
northeasterly and debouching its waters, between the high bluffs 
into the majestic Potomac at Harper's Ferry. Near the center 
of the valley, two ranges of high hills rise out of the nearly level 
valley, extending from Mount Jackson to Strasburg and ter- 
minating with the Massanutton mountains, which lie between 
the Shenandoah and the North Fork, which winds close around 
its bold and abrupt base to its confluence at Front Royal. Two 
great public macadamized roads extend from Staunton to Win- 
chester, one along the east fork of the Shenancjoah via Front 
Royal, and the other along the north fork via Strasburg. Each 
of these places are situated in their respective valleys where 
the\' open out into the broad open plain, traversed by good 
roads, which converge at Winchester twenty miles farther north. 
As Front Ro\al is almost due east from Strasburg and twelve 
miles away, it will be seen that to give up that position was to 
give the enemy the opportunity to place his army by an easy 
march between Banks' army and Winchester. Being thoroughly 
alive to the responsible situation. Colonel Kenly's only hope 
was to delay the enemy a sufficient length of time to enable 
Banks to retreat to Winchester. Hence the necessity of holding 



154 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

the position, even at the sacrifice of his command, in that des- 
perate, hopeless fight, that delay might save the army. It was 
nine hundred against twenty thousand, yet thev succeeded in 
causing a delay of sufficient duration to enable Banks to get his 
baggage train through and nearly all of his troops. All honor 
to the gallant Kenly and the brave bo}s with him. Being over- 
whelmed by numbers and his command nearly surrounded, 
Kenly retreated across the north fork of the Shenandoah and 
attempted to burn the bridge, that it might delay the enemy 
still further, but they were so close upon him that they ex- 
tinguished the fire before any damage was done. A few miles 
farther on he was overtaken by Ashby, with eight hundred cav- 
alry, and defeated after a spirited resistance, losing his train and 
seven hundred men killed, wounded and missing. 

Bell Boyd, the famous female rebel spy, undoubtedly had 
much to do in this campaign of Jackson in his eftorts to destroy 
or capture Banks. Many years later she made this, the theme 
of an interesting lecture, telling her audience how information 
was gained and how she transmitted it. When Sergeant Green- 
leaf reported the enemy advancing on the Middletown road. 
Banks immediately recalled the troops sent to reinforce Kenly 
and set his whole army in rapid motion towards Winchester. 
The wagon train followed closely with the First Vermont and a 
part of the Fifth New York Cavalry as train guard. At Mid- 
dletown the er^emy's advance struck the train, and in spite of 
the gallant conduct of the guard succeeded in capturing and 
burning some of the wagons and dividing the train, thirty-two 
wagons escaping back to the rear guard, which was efiectually 
cut ofi" from the main column. Col. DeForest with only six 
companies of his regiment now finding himself encumbered with 
thirt}'-two heavily loaded wagons resolved to make the attempt 
to save them by taking the mountain road, the trend of which 
led through the little North mountain to the Potomac via Cherry 
Run. Co. E, being detached to cover the rear, became separated 
from the rest of the command in the darkness, and took a 
road that led to Winchester via the Moorfield Pike, where it ar- 



FIFTH NEW YORK IN THE VAILEY. 155 

rived and joined Banks before daylight on the 25th. After tak- 
ing a short rest we, of Co. E, were again in the saddle and 
moved out in front of the Union Hotel, which was used as a 
storehouse for commissary supplies, and told to help ourselves 
to the extent of filling our haversacks with anything we wanted. 
While this was being done, the building was set on fire to de- 
stroy all supplies, and prevent them from falling into the enemy's 
hands, who were then planting a battery in that same street. 

Our Infantry troops were retreating through the other streets 
in good order, although there was a great tumult from the 
groans and jeers of the citizens and the firing of guns from the 
windows, on our troops as they fell back from the yelling 
exultant, victorious foe, bent on the destruction of Banks' little 
army. Again we found ourselves in the rear, and we were face 
to face with that rebel battery in the street who were beginning 
to throw their shot and shell down the street. Being ordered to 
support one of our batteries, that was then taking position, we 
moved out of the uncomfortable position to one outside of the 
city and formed for the battery's support. As the enemy's shot 
and shell began to search for victims, one of Co. E's former 
lieutenants said "Boys if you want to stay here and be killed 
you can, I'm going;" and he went. The captain who proved to 
have lots of " sand " said " There goes your sabre, bo}s." That 
was a vital thrust, for that sabre was presented to that lieutenant 
by the company, partly as a token of esteem and admiration 
and partly as a slur on the captain, whom they despised. Can 
Co. E ever forget the expression of disappointment, shame and 
regret depicted on those faces as they were turned towards that 
departing sabre ; or the exultant smile of that captain as he 
viewed the departing figure of the finest looking officer in the 
regiment, mounted, as he was, on that beautiful cream colored 
mare; or the glitter of that bright scabbard in the morning sun 
as it receded from view, in the direction of Harper's Ferry? 
Co. D joined E here and together supported the rear guard bat- 
tery as it retired from point to point to repell the enem\-'s cav- 
alry, who followed us as far as Bunker Hill. During the night 



1^6 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

we reached the Potomac and crossed the following day near 
Williamsport, Md. Thus ended a very successful retreat, in 
that, the army succeeded in escaping from a superior force. 

( To be continued^ 



NoTK. — ^The encounter with the enemy on the dirt road to the Front Royal pike was 
the first real fight of the First Maine Cavalry, and a reference to some of the original 
reports will lie of interest to members of that regiment. 'Ihe return of a detachment 
of cavalry with two pieces of artillery is not mentioned in their history and it would he 
an interesting (juestion to have the names of this cavalry and artillery known. The 
United States official records show that Jackson, all of Ashby's cavalry, and most of 
his own infantry advanced on this road to Middletown with Chew's battery and two 
rified guns of Capt. Poague's battery. Had Jackson advanced towards Winchester on 
the Front Rt)yal jiike he would have caught lianks with his army ensnared with a 
wagon train; and had his cavalry in hand instead of near Middletown and Strasl)urg 
looting a few army wagons and thus useless lo him. The following official reports will 
show the events, as viewed by the parties at the time. 

KEl'ORT OK LIEUT. COL. CALVIN S. DOUTY, FIRST M.'VI.NE CAVALRY, OK OI'KKATIONS MAY 24- 

(U. S. Official Reports, Vol. XII., p. 575.) 

Hdqrs. First Battalion, First Maine Ca\ai.ky, 
Williamsport, Md., May 27th, 1862. 

CiENERAL: — On Saturday morning last I proceeded to Middletown, and left my bag- 
gage there according to orders. A detachment of cavalry with two pieces of artillery 
had just returned from a reconnoissance on the road leading across to the Winchester 
and Front Royal turnpike. They had seen nothing of the enemy. I immediately 
started across, and struck what I at first took to be their pickets, but afterward proved 
to be their advance guard. Shots were exchanged, and the enemy fell back. This 
was about a mile and a half from the Front Royal pike. I here learned from a per- 
son who had just come up from that direction that the enemy was in force upon the 
road and moving across toward Middletown. I threw out skirmishers to the right and 
left and awaited their movements, at the same time sending back intelligence of what 
had happened to the signal officer at Middletown. Seeing no signs of the enemy, 
after waiting an hour I fell back toward Providence church, leaving vedettes along the 
road and small parties at a distance each side to look out for any flank movement of 
the enemy. My object in so doing was to conceal my force and delay the enemy, in 
order to save time for the baggage trains, knowing they had a large force of infantry, 
which would render opposition on my ])art ineffectual. 

At Providence church I halted my command, expecting to be reinforced frt)m Mid- 
dletown. At about 12 o'clock, after waiting an hour or more, the most advanced 
vedettes came in and reported the enemy's cavalry and infantry advancing. Others 
coming in and confirming this statement I drew up my command in order of battle, to 
deceive the enemy and gain time. Their advance guard soon came in sight, and halted 
at a respectful distance. Their infantry soon came in sight, and also halted. I re- 
mained in position, determined to hold them in check as long as possible, at the same 
time sending intelligence of the condition of affairs to the signal ofticer, to be for- 
warded to General Hanks. 



FIFTH NEW YORK' IN THE VALLEY. 157 

After a delay of half an hour the enemy opened on us with artillery, throwing shell 
into my column. 1 drew off my force, and proceeded slowly to Middletown. I there 
learned that General Banks had gone on toward Winchester, and that you were com- 
ing up with your command. I determined to wait for your arrival. The enemy 
quickly ajipeared and commencetl shelling the t(nvn. I was ai)out giving the oriler to 
fall back toward Strashurg when I saw you approaching. I formed my command in 
column of fours in the main street, and awaited orders. Major Collins, of the l-'irst 
Vermont Cavalry, was attached to my command, and took place with his two com- 
panies at the head of the column. After the end of five or ten minutes I saw the head 
of the column in motion, as I supposed by your order. My position was then near the 
rear of the column, looking after Captain Cilley, of Company H, who had l)een severely 
wounded I)y a shell. I rode forward as fast as possible toward the head of the column, 
which was charging up the pike amid a shower of shell and bullets. The dust was so 
thick I could neither see nor tell any thing in particular, except close by me. I passed 
over the botlies of men and horses strewn along the road till I had come up to near 
the center of Company M, the third company from the rear, where I found the bodies 
of men and horses so piled up that it was impossible to proceed. I saw they were re- 
treating, and heard the order for the same from ahead. 1 fell back, and reformed the 
remainder of my command in the street about the middle of the town. At the same 
time a company of rebel infantry, across the street at the upper end, opened fire on us. 
1 saw that a second attempt to advance was useless and fell back a few rods, when I 
made a turn to the left and struck into the fields and proceeded toward Winchester, 
falling in with your command after marching about two miles. 

(Jur loss is as follows: A, forty-four men missing; B, Captain Cilley wounded severely 
and left, and ^\\t men missing; E, Captain Putnam and forty-two men missing; II. 
one man missing; M, thirty-three men missing. It is impossible to tell how many ot 
these were killed and wounded. Probably some may yet come in who have escaped. 
Companies A, E, and M lost nearly all their horses also. 

I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

C. S. DOUTY, 
Lieutenant-Colonel, First Maine Cavalry. 
Brig. (ien. John P. Hatch. 

Note. — ^The actual loss of the First Maine Cavalry in this engagement was three 
killed or mortally wounded; twenty-one wounded; si.\ty-one prisoners, of whom six 
died. 

KKl'ORT Ol" C.\1T. WILLIAM T. ro.\(;rE, VIK<;INL\ (ROCKHRIDCE) ARTILLERY, OF dl'ER- 
ATION.S MAY 23-JlNE 9. 

(U. .S. Rebellion Record, Vol. XII., p. 760.) 

Cami' ney\r Wlnxhe-ster, Va., May 27, 1S62. 
Caitain : — I have the honor to report that on the twenty-third ultimo, at about 4 p.m , 
when distant i\\c and one-half miles from Front Royal, I was ordered to report, with 
my two parrott pieces, to Major General Jackson, near Front Royal. I proceeded as 
rapidly as the jaded condition of my horses would permit, but was unable to get to the 
scene of action before the retreat of the enemy. I reached the Shenandoah river at 
dark, and finding the road blocked by artillery and infaniry, and not l)eing able tti find 
General Jackson, I went into camp, and awaited the arrival of the brigade. 



158 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Following with the brij^adc the next ilay, I received orders to report, w ith my ])arr()tt 
guns, to Major-deneral Jaclison, who directed me to report of Colonel Ashl)y, on the 
road leading to Middletown. I found the colonel aliout four miles from Middletown, 
driving the enemy's pickets before him. Following along with Captain Chew's Ijattcry, 
supported by a few companies of infantry, we came up with a train of the enemy's 
wagons escorted by a consideral)le l)ody of cavalry, making its way toward Winches- 
ter. A few rounds drove their cavalry in great confusion down the road. Following 
on in the pursuit, and firing as often as I could get within range, I finally came up 
with a regiment of infantry about a mile from Newtown, which seemed disposed to 
make a stand, but was soon dispersed by a few well-directed shells. 

Here I was orilered to halt until an infantry support should arrive. Proceeding with 
these, and when less than one mile from Newtown, three guns of the enemy opened fire 
upon our infantry and cavalry. This was abont five P. M. I at once took a position 
on the left of the road and opened fire upon their battery. The firing was kept up on 
both sides until al)out dusk, when the enemy's guns withdrew. In this combat three of 
my men were wounded. Two of my horses were killed by a shell. I was then ordered 
by Major-General Jackst)n to proceed in advance. Afterward a company of infatntry 
was placed on each side of the road, a little in advance of my pieces, and a company 
of cavalry in front. On arriving at Barton's Mill the enemy fired a volley into the 
cavalry, which immediately whirled and retreated in great confusion, running over and 
disabling two of my cannon-drivers. After this two of my pieces marched in rear of 
the brigade until dawn, when they were again ordered to the front. At this point 
commences my report of the operations of the battery on the twenty-fifth, which has 
been sent in. Very respectfully, yt)ur oliedient servant, 

Wm. T. PoAci i:, 

Cajitain of Battery. 
C.M'IAIN J. F. OTSkien, 
A. A. C, First Brigade, Valley District. 

RKI'URT OK COL. OTHNI'.II. HI'. I'l iRKST, KlI-TH NEW VoKK IA\ALRV, OK Ol'EKA- 

I'Ki.NS MAY 24-27. 

(U. S. Rebellion Record. Vol. XII., p. 5S1). 

Camp near Williamsport, Md., May 29, 1862. 

I have the honor to make the following report of my movements from noon of Sat- 
urday, the twenty-fourth, until evening of Tuesday, the twenty-seventh: 

Leaving camp at Tom's Brook somewhat after noon on Saturday, the twenty-fourth, 
and moving toward Strasburg, I received orders on the way to order forward I lamp- 
ton's battery and the First Vermont Cavalry, and to bring up the rear with the si.\ 
companies ( A, C, E, C, K, M,) remaining with me. Companies B and 1), under com- 
mand of Major Vought, having gone to Front Royal to join Colonel Kenly on the 
twenty-third and companies F, H, I, and L having gone forward to Strasburg. under 
Major (Jardner, according to ])revious instructions. 

{ )n the road I received instructions from yourself to destroy the Covornnient stores 
in Strasl)urg. I lalting my command at the south end of the village, I emjitied the 
church of the ordnance stores and burned them, and then partly emptied the freight 
depot after loading a supi)ly train of thirteen wagons with clothing; but lieing jiressed 



FIFTH NEW YORK' IN THE VALLEY. 159 

for time, I linally lircd the depot, as well as a large outbuilding to the south, containing 
tents, and the various jjiles of tents, poles, etc., lying near together, with some half- 
dozen vacant wall and A tents that were jiitched close l)y. 

Moving now to the summit of the hill north of Strashurg, I found that my own 
command, as well as a jjortion of the First Vermont C avalry, a portion of (ieneral 
Hanks' body guard, and Hampton's battery, were cut off from the main body by the 
rebels. Infantry, cavalry and wagons were streaming back in wild confusion along the 
road and the fields on either side as far as the eye could reach. The battery having 
been at once ordered to the summit of the hill, I supported it with my cavalry, formed 
in line of l)attle in the (ield on either side. A few shell checked the small force of 
rebels who were jiressing on us from Middletown. After a hasty consultation Colonel 
Tompkins, Captain Hamilton, and myself decided to try and rejoin the main body by a 
mountain road on the west of the pike. Colonel Tompkins stating that he had a cap- 
tain who could guide us. Colonel Tompkins, forming the advance with a portion of 
his regiment, was to move out the cross road a jiiece and halt until the column should 
be formed, the battery and my own command following. I ordered forward companies 
A and F. to support the battery. I would earnestly call your attention to the fact that 
'I have not since seen Colonel Tompkins and his command, and to the critical 
situation in which I was placed by his desertion, as he took with him the only guide 
we had, the \'ermont cajitain. I have subse(|uently learned that Colonel Tompkins 
pushed on without the battery, and that cimipanies .A. and E, of my regiment, entered 
Winchester about I A. M. on Sunday with the battery. Captain Hampton and his two 
l)altery wagons remained with me. 1 halted a few minutes for Captain Hampton to 
bring u|) tiiese two battery wagons from the rear, and llien moved rapidly on, hut could 
not overtake the battery. 

Hefore moving 1 ordered Capt. Foster, of Ct)mpany M, to bring out of the village a 
loaded supply train of thirty-live wagons that remaineil there, which he did in the face 
of a large bt)dy of rebel cavalry who ajipeared to the south of the village. I also 
i)rought up a portion of (ieneral Hank's body guard, and some of the First Maine, 
I'irst Michigan, First Maryland, First Virginia, Tenth Maine, and Fifth Connecticut, 
some telegraph operators, one of the signal corps, etc., who had been cut off near 
Midilletown. 

Now, about five 1'. M., I moved forward as rapidly as the battery wagons allowed, 
and without halting, along rough roads i)arallel with the pike, making inijuiries at 
every step. Late in the evening we reached a grade running to Winchester and join- 
ing the Strasburg pike, say one and one half miles south of Winchester. 

At one time, just before reaching this grade, we heard the beating of the enemy's 
drums, and I ascertained that they were not more than three-tiuarters of a mile from 
us. About eleven miles from Winchester 1 came upon a road runnmg westerly again 
to I'ughtown, fourteen miles, easterly six miles to Newtown. Learning that the grade 
I was on entered the Winchester and Strasburg pike, and thinking I might be com- 
]>elled to take a more westerly road, I halted here, to be sure of a way of retreat, and 
throwing out j)ickets on the Newtown road, ordered forward Captain Hammond's com- 
pany to reconnoiter as far as the pickets of (General Hanks', if possible, and send me 
report. While standing here signaling was going on from a height many miles in our 
rear for a long lime, and two rockets, possibly in reply, were sent up from near Win- 
chester. 



160 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Standing to horse some hours about daybreak two orderlies returned to me, report 
ing that Captain Hammond had forced the enemy's pickets and entered Winchester, 
Init that they occujjied the pike near the fork of the grade and the Winchester and 
Strasburg pil<e, rendering it extremely hazardous for us with our train to attempt to 
enter Winchester there, I concluded at once to enter the Pughtown road and seek 
a mountain road that would lead me into the west side of Winchester. 1 soon discov- 
ered a (jerman Unionist, who conducted us through the woods a mile or so to a grade 
running direct and entering Winchester near Mason's house. Halting on the grade 
only long enough to bring my train on the rough road well up with the column 1 lost no 
time in approaching Winchester, spurred on by the hope of rejoining the main column, 
so as to assist in the battle 1 supposed to be raging, as from dawn we heard heavy firing. 

At nine a. m. llie head of the column was within a mile of Winchester, moving cau- 
tiously lest I might betray our presence to the enemy, whose picket was suspected to be 
o\\ that road, as we took prisoner a i)rivate of Colonel Dudley's Twenty-sixth Ken- 
tucky Regiment, who said he had come from Winchester, and that there was a picket 
on that road, th(5Ugh he refused to tell what it was. Ascertaining through my vedettes 
that General Banks had nearly evacuated Winchester, closely followed by the enemy, 
I decided to search for a mountain road to Martinsburg. Counter-marching at once 
and striking over a bad road for some three miles, guided by a Union refugee, we 
struck the mountain road to Martinsljurg, and runniijg parallel with and about three 
miles from the Winchester and Martinsburg pike. Moving rapidly to within about 
four miles of Martinsliurg and a mile north of tjerardstown, we halted about two hours 
to graze our horses w hich were much jaded, and meanwhile Pratt, the scout, went for- 
ward to within two miles of Martinsiiurg, and returned, reporting that the enemy were 
shelling the town. Cut off now the thirti time, I resolved to cross the mountain to the 
west and strike for McCoy's l""ord on the Potomac, j)assing through Hedgesville 
Counter-marching the column a mile, I passed through tierardstown and to the west, 
crossed the mountain by the jiass, and ti^iok the roatl to the fortl, picking up some 
guides by the way. 

Learning subsequently that a spy had gone to inform the enemy of our intention to 
cross at McCoy's P'ord, I moved the column instead to Cherry Run Ford, arriving 
within a mile of it about two A. M. on Monday, the twenty-sixth. I have since learned 
that McCoy's Ford was occuined Sunday night by a force of the enemy's cavalry and 
infantry. Finding some hay here, we baited our horses while waiting for dawn, that 
we might reconnoitre the ford. 

At daybreak I became satisfied, l)y a personal reconnoissance, that fording was im- 
practical)le, on account of the rise of the river. I then resolved to move on Hancock 
with the view of crossing, there l)eing some facility for ferrying there. While passing 
along the river with my command a man reported to me that he had that morning 
forded the river twice, though it was (juite deep, and volunteered to ford it again in 
my presence. Convinced, on seeing him ford it, of the feasibility of fording, I ordered 
my cavalry to ford at once, the infantry to cross i>y the ferry, and the wagon train with 
Company K, under command of Lieutenant Colonel Johnstone, to move at once to 
Hancock and cross. The ford, though rapid and shoulder-deep to the ordinary sized 
horse, was, I am hapjiy to report, made without a single casualty. 

We marched fnmi Slrasburg S.iturday, at five v. M. and moved before halting that 
night eighteen miles, hronidawn on Sunday we moved, say, eleven miles, to Win- 



MASSACHUSETTS BRANCH ASSOCIATION. IfJl 

Chester, and thirty-seven to Cherry Run T'ord, making on Sunday forty-eight miles. 
f)n Monday we marched to Clear Si)ring, seven miles; on Tuesday to Williamsport, 
eleven miles — in all eighty-four miles. 

The number of men that came in with us was not ascertained, any further than that 
there were two hundred and lifty of the I'irst X'ermont Cavalry, sixty-five of ( General 
Bank's body guard, and some frcmi the First .Maine, I'irst Virginia, hirst Maryland, First 
Michigan, and Eighth New York Cavalry, of the Fifth Connecticut and Tenth Maine 
Infantry, four companies of the Fifth New York avalr/, some sutlers, telegrajih oper- 
ators, and wagoners, one of the Signal Corps, and some of the First Maryland Artillery. 
Three of the thirty-five wagons I was obliged to abandon on the road; the remain- 
ing thirty-two I brought in, with an unknown cjuantity of CJovernment stores. 
I have the honor to be, your most (jbedient servant, 

' ). DkFdkkst, 
Colonel I-'iflli New \'ork Cavalry, 
(lener.il Hatch. 



Massachusetts Branch Association. 

Tlie First Maine Cavalry Association of Massachusetts held 
its si.Kth annual reunion and banquet at the Hotel Bellevue 
Boston, March 27, 1894. A business nieetin<;" was firsl held at 
which the following ofificers were elected : President, Alfred 
Pierce of Arlington; first vice president, P. F". Shevlin of South 
Boston ; second vice president, A. L. Ordway of Medford ; 
treasurer. Col. Albion C. Drinkwater of Braintree ; sccretar\', C. 
A. F. Emery of Medford ; executive committe, G. N. Harris, P. 
V . Shevlin, Albert Fdgeconib. 

A social hour was much enjoyed by the ladies and gentlemen, 
followed by the banquet, the tables being arranged in an uiuisti- 
ally attractive manner. At one end of the table sat Geo. P\ 
Jewett, president of the association for the past year, and at th(i 
other end the genial sccrctar}', C. A. F. PLmery. Among those 
present were: Lieut, and Mrs. George F. Jewett, General J. P. 
Cilley, Lieut. Thaddeus Little, Major S. W. Thaxter, Lieut F. 
P. Tobie, Alfred Pierce and lady, Col. A. C. Drinkwater, Mrs. 
A. C. Drinkwater, Horace Drinkwater and two Misses Drink- 
water, Mr. and Mrs. D. W. Gage, Miss Gage, Mr. and Mrs. H. 
M. Thompson, Mrs. E. P. Davis, Mr. and Mrs. A. L. Ordway, 



162 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Stephen S. Goodhue, Mr. and Mrs. C. O. Stone, Mr. and Mrs. 
A. C. Souther, Mr. and Mrs. U. R Lincoln, Mr. and Mrs. G. N. 
Harris, Mr. and Mrs. Albert Edgecomb, Miss Edgecomb, P. F. 
Shevlin and son, Russell B. Murray, Bradbury P. Doe. Horace 
Lunt of the Seventh Maine Regiment was present as a guest of 
the president. Short speeches were in order after the banquet. 

President Jewett welcomed the comrades, and he compli- 
mented all on being present. He was especially pleased to see 
so man)' ladies. Gen. J. P. Cilley was thankful he could again 
testify how bountiful and constant had been the aid given by the 
Massachusetts Branch Association to every effort to renew the 
old time friendship or preserve the records of our army life. He 
reviewed many interesting points in the association's history. 
The happiest moments of the speaker's life have been spent in 
meeting his comrades. It is one reward of the soldier to meet 
his comrades after the war. The speaker interested the party 
with several stories of humorous war experiences. Maj. S. W. 
Thaxter declared that the reunion of war associations brought 
together faces that otherwise would be separated forever. It is 
a rare privilege to meet a veteran. A cavalry soldier is made, 
he is not born. It takes time, and no more pitiful sight could 
be imagined than a new armed soldier on a horse. He would 
be a laughable subject. The speaker revived several important 
battles in the war in which the cavalry took special prominence. 

The newly elected president, Alfred Pierce was given a very 
cordial reception upon rising to his feet. " These reunions make 
a man feci as though he was growing old," said Mr. Pierce, 
" but we are all boys." The speaker spoke at some length of 
the good work of the First Maine Cavalry in the war. Among 
other speakers were Lieut. E. P. Tobic, Col. A. C. Drinkwater, 
G. N. Harris, P. F. Shevlin, and Thaddeus Little and others, all 
of whom gave evidence of the close bonds of friendship existing 
between the comrades of a regiment eminent for the number of 
its battles and also its losses in action. H. Lunt favored the 
company with a very interesting recitation from Mark Twain. — 
Boston Globe. 




COL. FRANK C. KNIGHT, 
Mayor of Rockland, Me. 



COLONEL FRANK C. KNfGIIT. 1G8 



Colonel }^>ank C. Knii;ht. 

The presentation on the pa^^es of the FlKsr Mainh BKil.K of 
the Sons of Veterans was welcomed by all its readers. In the 
present issue, the attractive effects of such portraits are once 
more presented for approval. The first picture is that of the Mayor 
of Rockland, who was Aide-de-Canip on the Staff of Governor 
Robie and is a member of Anderson Camp, Sons of Veterans, 
His father, Cyprian M. Knight, enlisted in Co. F, h'irst 1). C. 
Cavalry, transferred to Co C. First Maine Cavalry, and served 
until the final muster of the regiment. He was an esteemed 
citizen of Camden representing his town in the legislature and 
holding various offices, till his death some years ago. 

His brother, Augustus H. Knight, enlisted at same date with 
his father and in the same C()m])an\', was taken prisoner in 1864, 
suffered in Florence, S. C. and other rebel {prisons and was dis- 
charged June 5th, 1863, fi)r disability, having been transferred to 
Co. C, First Maine Cavah)'. Was a merchant in Camden some 
years and now is a resident of W'altham, Mass. 

The Rockland Tribune, thus appropriately, speaks of Colonel 
Knight, " It was a fitting recognition of the past year's munici- 
pal administration, that h'rank C. Knight received an unanimous 
rcnomination by acclamation. 

"Mr. Knight has most worthily filled the position of our city's 
chief executive, lie has borne himself with the dignity that 
the office exacts, has given careful oversight to all the details 
of administration and manifested a conscientious regard for 
the welfare of our city. Mr. Knight brought to the office a year 
ago an excellent knowledge of its affairs, to which he has greatly 
added in the twelve months past. His able and business like 
administration of affairs has won the approval of all our citizens," 



1(34 THE MAINE BUG I.E. 



Banquet of the Somerset Braneh. 

The Somerset County Association of the First Maine Cavalry 
held its Fourth Annual meeting and banquet at Hotel Hcsclton 
Monday evening the 9th instant; the twenty-ninth anniversary 
of Lee's surrender at Appomattox, and of the practical close of 
the War of the Rebellion. 

The officers of the association for the past year Cai)tain 
Zenas Vaughan, president; F. J. Savage, vice president; J. 11. 
Wyman, secretary; Llewellyn Goodwin, treasurer, were all 
present at the business meeting. Frank J. Savage of I^^airfield 
was elected president for t!ic ensuing year; A. F. Rickford, vice 
president; S. H. Wyman, Secretary; II. J. Varney, Treasurer. 
Mark Harville of Skovvhegan, a veteran, was elected an 
honorary member of the association. It was voted that the 
ladies be invited to participate in the banquet to be held Ai)ril 
9th, 1895, \\liich will mark the full thirty years since the close 
of the war. At nine o'clock, upon completion of the business of 
the association, the comrades repaired to the spacious dining 
room where " mine host" Heselton had the banquet spread in a 
style at once artistic and appetizing. 

The personnel of the company was as follows: Members of 
the association, and veterans of the First Maine Cavalry; F. I. 
Savage, Fairfield ; A. I*". Rickford, j. II. W\man, Geo. I^. Good- 
win, Zenas Vaughan, Sewall Smith, Dr. S. A. Patten, H. J. Var- 
ney, Charles Smith, Dennis Murph\', Llewellyn Goodwin, all of 
Skowhegan ; honorar\' members of the association and \eterans 
of other Maine regiments. Geo. R. Safiford, F. R. Ruck, Mark 
Harville, E. L. Walker, R. D. Savage, E. F. Fairbrother, J. O. 
Smith, all of Skowhegan; invited guests, A. G. Rlunt, J. A. 
Dealey. C. A. Marston, R. T. I'alten, Geo. D. Arnold. I'\ . 
Cairns, C. J. Dow, C. D. Miller, James Lumsden. all of Skow- 
hegan ; C. T. Walker, Lewiston ; Daniel W. Ames, Ambrose 



BANQUET OP THE SOMERSET BRANCH. 165 

Lcigliton, W. l'\ Campbell all of Portland and Wellington 
Spraj^'ue of l'>ath. After the feast P/esident Savage gracefully 
discharged the duties of master of ceremonies, making hi.s de- 
tails for remarks and stories in such a manner that those called 
u[)on could not resist antl the responses were general and happy. 
In his preliminary remarks the toastmaster alluded to the fact 
that but four of the First Cavalry present, happened to be at 
Appomattox on the eventful da\', twenty-nine years ago. At a 
meeting at his own home within a few years eight men who \y.\\- 
ticipated in that event were present. These meetings of vet"rans 
are not without purpose and effect. They are enjoyable to the 
veteran himself and serve to instill in the minds of the young 
lessons of patriotism. 

George E. Goodwin was detailed to tell the story of Appo- 
mattox. He said to do justice to the subject it would take him 
nine da}'s, but, in as many miiuit >,!ie gave a graphic account of 
what he saw and experienced that eventful Sunday morning 
that was highly entertaining and differed in man\' particulars 
from book accounts. George W Safford alluded to the sacri- 
fices, hardships and dangers incident to the services of the bo)'s 
in blue and to the generous treatment accorded to the captured 
army of General Lee by the great soldier. U. S. Grant. He said 
to the rebel soldier "take your horse home with \'ou. y<ni will 
need him." To the Union soldier the government in substance 
said you can take the horse you have become so strongly at- 
tached to, to your home b\' paying $6o, or the musket \'OU 
have carried so long that it seems almost a part of you, by pay- 
ing $6.50. A. F. Bickiord related his experience in making his 
way with twenty-five others from the hospital to the front and to 
the camp of the First M.iine Ca\alr\-, arriving too late for the 
final fight at Appomatto.K. 

Dr. S. A. Patten was glad to be in the compan}- of veterans 
of the l-'irst Maine Cavalry. It is good society. Their work 
was done upon earth but their deeds were recorded in Heaven. 
He alluded to the wonderful growth of our country, its almost 
boundless resources and immense population, for which he 



166 Tf^P' MAINE BUGLE. 

thankctl Ciod and every Union soldier, lie said he did not share 
the theory, advanced by some, that our people will ever per- 
manently do injustice to veterans. The war was no ordinary 
event. Our citizenship is a far [greater honor than was that of 
the Roman citizen of old. Sewall W. Smith related an instance 
of mcetini^ a soldier of T'itz Hugh Lee's cavalry in Washington 
at the meeting of the Grand Army there in 1892 and the story 
he told him of the ice business north, but not having Brooks Sav- 
age there to prove it b)', the confederate did not get its full 
benefit. Captain Zenas Vaughan spoke with high appreciation 
of the rank and file of the First Maine Cavalry. They were 
men of character, intelligence and standing. He related an in- 
stance illustrating this among the first skirmishes the command 
engaged in, when a signal victory was gained largely, through 
the conduct of the men and without a casually. Charles A. 
Marston spoke of his impressions while a boy on witnessing the 
Seventeenth Maine Volunteers on their way to the tront. He 
referred to recent visits by him to some of the fortresses of the 
war and their great strength and admired the skill and tin- \alor 
by which these citadels were stormed and carried. R. T. l\it- 
ten was called upon to respond for Sons of Veterans. He said 
he always embraced every opportunity to hear from li\ing lips 
the stories of the great war and could not think of occup\-ing 
the time that veterans could so much better fill, himself. Col. 
A. G. Blunt related in a felicitious manner his remembrance oi 
the war, he was too young to participate in. F. R. Buck in his 
usual pleasing way gave some of his experiences in the western 
army. 

J. O. Smith spoke of the forced march made by the First di- 
vision of the twenty-fourth Army Corps of which the Eleventh 
Maine was a part, in the twenty-four hours ending about eight 
o'clock the morning of the ninth of April, 1865, when this com- 
mand arrived upon the scene of action, just in time to reinforce 
Sheridan's Cavalry and be in at the death. To do this they 
made, during that twenty-four hours, fully thirty-fi\e miles over 
Virginia roads and through Virginia dust, from F'armville to 



BANQUET OF THE SOMERSET BRANCH. 107 

Appomattox. Charles Smith recalled certain personal ex- 
periences and events that were entertaining to the company. 
George 1). Arnold answered his detail with an appropriate 
story. Conductor Sprague was only too glad to accept the in- 
vitation of the association. He had a deep interest in army af- 
fairs from a boy, when he frequented the camp of a Maine regi- 
ment that rendezvoused at Bath, and carried a peck basket full 
of doughnuts, his mother's weekly contribution, to the regi- 
ment. He lost a brother in the war. Dennis Murphy, who was 
one of the Appomattox veterans, contributed his share to the 
experiences already related. 

Brooks D. Savage responded for the Infantry arm of the ser- 
vice. K. F. Fairbrother responded happily to the call of the 
chair, alluding to former banquets of the association. H. J. 
Varney exhibited and read a message sent across a river inter- 
vening between Rebel and Union pickets, on an extemporized 
float, in which the former indulged in friendly expressions 
couched in mispelled words. C. Davis Miller related a scene in 
front of Skowhcgan post-office, when a citizen read from one of 
the few daily papers then received here, the account of the fir- 
ing upon Fort Sumter, which so thoroughly stirred the people 
of the great north. The secretary read letters from D. C. 
Mosher, Mercer, Me. ; D. N. Foster, Canaan Me. ; George 
Doughty, Augusta, Me. ; and H. C. Hall, Charlestown, Mass. 
Kendall's Orchestra enlivened the occasion by fitting and stirring 
music, well appreciated by the members and visitors. The 
occasion was one of the most enjoyable in the history of the 
association. — Somerset Reporter. 



168 THE MAINE BUGLE. 



Walter V. Hanscom, M. D. 

Dr. Hanscom well deserves a place among the Sons of Veter- 
ans. His father, Rev. Loring L. Hanscom, was a member of 
Co. F, First Maine Cavalry and served till discharged for disa- 
bility. His uncle. Rev. Sylvanus L. Hanscom, enlisted Febru- 
ary 13th, 1864, in the same company and regiment, was prisoner 
at Jeterville, April 5th, 1865, for a few hours, but escaped and 
was present at Appomattox, April 9th, 1865. Mustered out 
June 20th, 1865. Both his father and uncle, Sylvanus, occupy 
eminent positions as clergymen in the Methodist church. 

His uncle, Lieut. William Harris, enlisted September 23d, 
1 86 1, in Co. F, First Maine Cavalry, was promoted to second 
and first lieutenant and now sleeps in a soldier's grave on the 
southern bank of the Chickahominy river near Jones bridge, 
where he was killed May 17th, 1864. Another uncle was Gen. 
Benjamin F. Harris, of the gallant Sixth Maine Infantry, who 
led his regiment in its successful assault on St. Marys' Heights 
in May, 1863, and its equally renowned assault on the works at 
Rappahannock Station, November 7th, 1863. 

Dr. Hanscom was educated in the High School of Orono and 
the Methodist Seminary at Bucksport, and graduated at the 
head of his class in Hahnemann Medical College of Philadel- 
phia, Pa., in 1890. He commenced the practice of medicine 
the same year and has risen so rapidly in his profession that he 
stands near its head in Rockland, both for skill and extent. In 
1893 he organized the Surgical and P^mergency Hospital and 
has made it one of the best in this part of the State. He is 
eminent also in medical circles and holds membership in the 
Maine Homeopathic Medical Society and the American Insti- 
tute of Homeopathy, and other societies. 




WALTER V. HANSCOM, M. D., 
Rockland, Maine. 



HISTORY OF THE TWELFTH MAINE INFANTRY. 169 



Short History of Twelfth Maine Infantry. 

liV A. H. CIKTIS, HROOKS, ME. 

The Twelfth Regiment Maine Infantry, Col. G. Y . Shepley, 
was miLstcred into the service as a regiment November i6th, 
1 86 1, at Cape Elizabeth, Maine; left Portland for Lowell, Mass., 
November twenty-fourth. After being encamped at Camp 
Chase several weeks, they embarked at Boston on board the 
steamship Constitution January 2d, 1862, for Ship Island, 
constituting a portion of Gen. Butler's New England division, 
for the capture of New Orleans. On the twelfth disembarked 
at Eortress Monroe, and encamped on the beach, having been 
nearly three weeks on board the Constitution. On February 
fourth, proceeded on the voyage and arrived at Ship Island, 
the forenoon of the twelfth, and were assigned to Third Brigade, 
March twenty-second. Colonel and acting Brigadier General 
.Shepley commanding, luiibarkcd on board the steamer Ten- 
nessee for New Orleans, May fourth. Arrived May sixth; dis- 
embarked May seventh ; quartered at Frerets Cotton Press, re- 
moved to United States Branch Mint, May twelfth. On the Fif- 
teenth June, the regiment, under command of Lieut. Col. Kim- 
ball, made a reconnoissance to Pass Manchac, found a rebel force 
supported by two batteries; the attack was gallantly made, and 
the enemy completely routed. We captured six pieces of ar- 
tillery, and one stand of colors ; which flag was presented to the 
regiment by Gen. Butler for their gallantry. The expedition re- 
turned June twentieth. On the thirteenth of September an ex- 
pedition of which companies C, D, and F, with volunteers from 
other companies of the regiment, under command of Major 
Strong, made a reconnoissance to Ponchatoula; found the rebels 
in force, supported by a full battery of light artillery; after a 
sharp engagement of half an hour, the enemy were driven from 
the field with heavy loss. The expedition returned the fifteenth. 



170 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

On the twenty-first of October moved to Camp Parapet ; No- 
vember twentieth, marched sixty miles up the Mississippi River, 
arrived at College Point December ninth; embarked on board 
steamer Laura Hill for Baton Rouge, December nineteenth; ar- 
rived the twentieth, and were assigned to Brig. Gen. Grover's 
division. Left this point March 25th, 1863, with the remaining 
regiments of the division for Brashear City to participate in the 
Teche Campaign under command of Gen. Banks. The regiment 
was assigned March twenty-third, to the Second Brigade, Third 
division. Colonel Kimball commanding brigade ; arrived at Bra- 
shear City after being encamped a few days, at Bayou Boeuf. 
April eighth, embarked with the Fourth Division, Gen. Grover 
commanding, on board the steamers Clifton and Arizona, April 
tenth, for Irish Bend. Met the enemy, ten thousand strong at 
this point early on the morning of the fourteenth, completely 
routing them after a heavy loss, and following up the retreating 
columns, arrived at Opelousas, April twenty-fourth. Here Gen. 
Banks issued his congratulatory order saying " in twenty days 
we had marched three hundred miles, fought five engagements, 
captured fifteen hundred prisoners with ten pieces of artillery, 
and pursued the enemy to Alexandria a distance of one hundred 
miles." Returned to Simmes Port on the Atchafalaya River, 
May seventeenth. Leaving Simmes Port the twenty-first, on 
steamer St. Maurice we landed at Bayou Sara same day, and 
moved from this point on Port Hudson, May twenty- fourth. 
During the seige of Port Hudson, which lasted forty-seven days, 
the regiment was constantly on duty and was one of the first 
regiments to enter the stronghold. For its gallantry the com- 
manding general of the department ordered to be inscribed on 
its banner, " Pass Manchac, Ponchatoula, Irish Bend. Port 
Hudson." 

X(jte. — ^The at>ove is of much value, hut the readers of the Bi'GLE realize that a 
succession of dates and names lacks life. It is a good strong skeleton but needs to he 
clothed with more meat. If the comrades of the Twelfth will write incidents that they 
saw at the many places and engagements mentioned, and reproduce the southern air 
and the I^juisiana surrounding, the picturesque and peculiar fiuality of their service 
would make enjoyable reading. It is a singular fact, that no account or mention of the 



HISTORY OF THE TWELFTH MAINE INFANTRY. 171 

above captain of artillery and colors is mentioned in the Adjutant General's reports of 
Maine. These reports have been relied on as so eminently full and correct that the 
doubt in relation to the above statements, requires reference to the official reports 
which fully show the occurence and the estimate placed on it at the time. — J. I*. C. 

SKIRMISH AT PASS MAN'CIIAC, LA., JUNE I J, 1 862. 

RKPltRT OF MAJ. c;KN. BENJAMIN K. lilTLER, I'. S. AK.MY, a).\IMANl)IN(; THE 
DEPARTMENT OF THE GULF. 

(Official Records, Vol. XV, p. III.) 

New Orleans, La., June, 19, 1862. 
Sir: — Finding that the rebels were making some demonstra- 
tions to hold Manchac Pass, I sent Lieutenant-Colonel Kimball, 
with a portion of the Twelfth Maine Volunteers and a section of 
Manning's battery, in aid of the New London gunboat, to take 
and destroy the enem}''s work there. The affair was very gal- 
lantly done, the enemy firing a few shots from their upper bat- 
tery of two guns, thirty-two-pounders; ran from a charge upon 
their lower batteiy of four guns, thirty-two-pounders, one and 
three-fourths miles below, without firing a shot, leaving their 
guns loaded. The battery was taken by a charge. The enemy 
escaped in boats they had prepared for that purpose on the 
other side of the draw-bridge, which they drew up, burning 
bridge behind them. We took all their camp equipage, garri- 
son stores, and a stand of colors, destroyed the bridge and 
works, demolished guns and carriages. The party then pro- 
ceeded to Mandeville and Madisonville, dispersed a body of 
cavalry there, and took prisoner, Colonel Putnam, with five 
thousand dollars, recruiting funds upon his person. Not having 
any cavalry, it was impossible to pursue the runaways. In con- 
sideration of the gallant conduct of the men I have allowed the 
regiment to retain the stand of colors taken. 

(SAME, p. 529.) 

General Orders, No. 51. 

New Orleans, July 24, 1862. 
The commanding general of this department takes pleasure 
in publishing the following indorsement from Washington of 
what he has considered the useful services of Lieutenant-Colonel 



172 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Kimball, of the Twelfth Regiment Maine Volunteers, and the 
troops under his command : 

The news of the brilliant achievement of Lieutenant-Colonel 
Kimball, of the Twelfth Maine Volunteers, and the brave men 
under his command, at Manchac Pass was very gratifying to the 
department, and it entirely approves your action in allowing the 
regiment to retain the colors which they had so gallantly taken 
from the enemy. 

By command of Major-General Butler, 

R. S. Davis, 
Captain and Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. 

(Idem, Vol. XV., p. 139.) 

REI'ORT OK MAJ. GEORGK C. STRONG, ASSISTANT AI)JUTANT-GKNER/\L, DEl'ARTMKNT 

OF THE GULF. 

New Orleans, La., Sept. 24, 1862. 
General: — Pursuant to your orders of the thirteenth instant 
I embarked on the afternoon of that day on board steamer 
Ceres, at Lakeport, with three companies of the Twelfth Regi- 
ment Maine Volunteers, commanded by Captains Thornton, 
Harrington, and Winter, and one company (Captain Picker- 
ing's) of the Twenty-sixth Massachusetts Regiment. I had pre- 
viously sent one hundred men of the Thirteenth Connecticut 
Regiment on board the gunboat New London, whose com- 
mander, Captain Read, had kindly consented to co-operate with 
me. The object in view was to surprise the village of Poncha- 
toula, the headquarters of the rebel General Jeff. Thompson, 
forty-eight miles north of this city, on the line of the Jackson 
railroad. To that end the New London was to land her men at 
Manchac bridge, where at daybreak next morning they were to 
drive the enemy that might be found there northward to Pon- 
chatoula, while the remainder of the force, having found our 
way fifteen miles up to Tangipahoa river in the night, should 
have landed, marched six miles westward, and captured Poncha- 
toula in season to secure those of the enemy who had been 
driven up from Pass Manchac. The attempt at surprise failed, 
for not only was the New London unable to get over the bar in- 
to Manchac Pass in the darkness, but the Ceres, too large for 



HISTORY OF THE TWELFTH MAINE INFANTRY. 173 

the easy navigation of the narrow and winding Tangipahoa, 
failed in each of the succeeding nights to reach her destination 
on that river in season to admit of our gaining Ponchatouhi be- 
fore daylight. I resolved therefore to go with that steamer to 
Manchac bridge, and did so on the morning of the fifteenth. 
From that point Captain Winter was sent with his company 
southward, to make the destruction of the railroad on Manchac 
Island more complete, which duty he thoroughly performed. 
Captain Pickering's company was left to guard the steamer, and 
the companies of Captains Thornton and Farrington began a 
forced march of ten miles upon Ponchatoula. A locomotive 
one mile below the village gave notice of our approach, which 
could not be concealed, and ran northward, giving the alarm at 
the village, and thence to Camp Moore, for reinforcements. We 
met, on entering Ponchatoula a discharge of canister at seventy 
yards from a light battery, in charging which Captain Thornton 
fell severely wounded. His company, then under Lieutenant 
Hight, reinforced Captain Farrington's first platoon, that had 
gained a position on the enemy's right, to which Lieutenant 
Coan, with the second platoon of that company, took a position, 
under partial cover, on the left of the enemy's line. P^rom these 
positions our men poured in so deliberate and destructive a fire 
that the enemy was driven from the field, the artillery galloping 
away, followed by the infantry, on a road through the forest, in 
a north-westerly direction. We then set fire to a train of up- 
wards of twenty cars, laden with cotton, sugar, molasses, etc., 
took the papers from the post and telegraph offices ( destroying 
the apparatus of the latter,) and General Jeff. Thompson's 
sword, spurs, bridle, etc., from his quarters in the hotel. The 
sword was presented to him by so-called " Memphis patriots." 
A written document was obtained, which showed the rebel 
force at that point to consist of three hundred troops of the 
Tenth Arkansas Regiment, one company of Home Guards, and 
one company of artillery, with six pieces. I had, however, re- 
ceived reliable information that the enemy's force was a week 
previous only two hundred infantry and no artillery. The re- 



174 ?"/^^ MAINE BUGLE. 

inforccmcnt had taken place at a subsequent date. Our force 
engaged amounted to but one hundred twelve men. We left, of 
killed, wounded, and missing (exclusive of those who have since 
come in, among these last the gallant Thornton), ten men at 
Ponchatoula. Surgeon Avery, Ninth Connecticut Volunteers, 
with his attendant, voluntarily remained with the wounded, but 
the former has since returned. We brought in eleven men more 
or less severely wounded. One fatal case of sunstroke occurred 
on board the steamer. Our return from Ponchatoula was neces- 
sarily along the railroad, through a swamp, and on which there 
is no cover for troops, and it was therefore impossible to bring 
off those of our men who were most severely woundetl, as they 
would be exposed for a long distance to the fire of artillery, 
which, with horses attached, would be brought back upon the 
line of the road as soon as we should have left the village. It 
did so return at the signal of the inhabitants, but, though 
actively served, did us no harm. Surgeon Avery reports twenty 
of the enemy killed. Captains Thornton and Farrington and 
the officers and men of their respective commands, though 
nearly exhausted by the march, two miles of which was over 
an open trestle work, in the heat of the day, behaved nobly in 
the fight. Captains Pickering and Winter, after a very rapid 
march, for which they are entitled to much credit, came up 
after we had left the village, covered our rear, and assisted in 
bringing in the wounded. Lieutenants Martin, Allen and Fin- 
negass, and Commander Buchanan, United States Navy, who 
accompanied the expedition, rendered important services, and 
their gallantry during the action deserves special mention. 



REGIMENTAL IIISTORfES. 175 



Regimental Histories. 

BY GtN. J. 1'. CIl.I.KY, I.ATK (W MUST MAINE CAVALRY. 

The history of the h'irst Maine Cavalry has received many 
encomiums. The reason of its excellency is due in a large de- 
gree to various articles and addresses concerning its service, 
which were prepared and read in the proceedings of the Annual 
Reunions. ,\11 the contributions and the discussions called 
forth by thcni, not only aroused interest and attention but 
awakened recollections, that reproduced the old life of the reg- 
iment accurately ; and enabled the historian to give a variety 
and freshness to his work, which could be obtained in no other 
manner. Attention is called to the fact that onl}' a few of our 
regiments have embodied their history and service in any per- 
manent or presentable form. In comparison to Massachusetts 
and New Hampshire, Maine, with a military record second to 
no other state, has done little to preserve the records of her 
soldiers. During the period of the war her records and reports 
made up by Adjutant General Hodgdon, were the best of any 
state in the entire country. Since the close of the war, most of 
the northern states have, by special grants of money, aided reg- 
imental associations in publishing the histories of their respec- 
tive regiments and in various other ways have perfected and 
published the records of their men, who served in the War of 
the Rebellion. 

Maine has done comparati\ely nothing. There are some ex- 
cellent results of her monumental work on the field of Gettys- 
burg, but even there, where so many of her regiments served 
most effectually and proudly, her efforts lag behind some of 
her smaller sister states. But in those monuments, that shall 
endure when these granite shafts shall crumble, her pecuniary 
aid has been the nearest zero of any other state north of Mason 
and Dixons' line. 



176 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Is this indifference wise? It is the intention of the BUGLE to 
sound no uncertain note on this subject. The participants of 
the War of the Rebellion have passed the half century mark. 
If their record and their service are to be completed with their 
aid and their memory, it must be done now and before the few 
remaining years of life shall have closed their mouths and 
memory forever. 

Instead of relying on the encouragement of aid from the 
State of Maine, slow to move and awkward in her efforts to do 
fair justice ; it may be better for the men of Maine, who 
served that State and the Nation, at the peril of their lives on 
land and sea, to take the burden on their own shoulders and 
write their own histories and complete their own memorable 
record. To this end and for this object the pages of the BUGLE 
are open to all comrades. 

List of regimental histories and publications pertaining to 
Maine regiments, which served in the War of the Rebellion. 

First Maine Cavalry. — Campaigns of the First Maine and the First District of Colum- 
bia Cavalry, by Chaplain Samuel H.Merrill. 12 mo., pp., xv, 436, Portland, 1S66. 
Contains three steel plate engravings. 

First Maine Cavalry. — History of the first Maine Cavalry, 1861-1865 by Lieut. Ed- 
ward P. Tobie. Royal 8vo., pp., xix, 735 (l). Boston, 1887. It contains 307 photo- 
gravure portraits and engraving of ofiiicers and men making its total of pages XIX., 823. 

First, Tenth, and Twenty-ninth Regiment, by Major John M. Gould, with history 
of the Tenth Maine Battalion, by Rev. Leonard G. Jordan. 8vo., pp. 709, Portland, 
1 87 1. Contains twenty-four pictures of officers and five maps with other cuts. Ad- 
ditions and corrections up to February 1893, by John M. Gould. 

Fifth Maine Volunteers. — History of the Fifth Regiment from 1S61-1864, by Rev. 
Geo. W. Bicknell, late First Lieutenant and Adjutant. 12 mo., pp., 404, Portland, 1871. 

Eleventh Maine Infantry Volunteers. — Roster and statisticals record of Co. I), with 
a sketch of its services in the War of the Rebellion, prepared by Albert Maxfield and 
Robert Brady, Jr., New York, 1890. 

Fifteenth Maine Infantry — The story of the Maine Fifteenth, being a l)ricf narrative 
of the more important events in the history of the P'ifteenth Maine Regiment, by 
Henry A. Shorey, Bridgton, Me., i8go. Contains photo-gravure portraits. 

Sixteenth Maine Regiment in the War of the Rebellion, 1861-1865, by Major .\b- 
ner R. Small. Introduction by General Jas. A. Hall. 8vo., pp., iv., 323. Contains 
cuts and engravings. Portland, Maine, 1866. 

Seventeenth Maine. — Camjiaignsof the Seventeenth Maine, by Edwin 1!. Houghton. 
12 mo., pp., X (I), 333. Portland, 1866. 



- ' REGIMENTAL HISTORIES. 177 

NineteenthjMaine Infantry. — Reunions of the Nineteenth Regiment Association 
First to Sixth, 8vo., pp., 143. Major Charles E. Nash, Augusta, 1878. 

Twentieth Maine Volunteers. — Reunions of the Twentieth Maine Regiment Asso- 
ciation at Portland, with a sketch of its history. 8vo., pp., 31. Waldohoro, Maine, 
1881. 

Twentieth Maine \'olunteers.— Army life; A private's reminiscences of the Civil 
War, by Rev. Theodore (lerrish. i2mo., pp., 372. Portland, (1S82.) 

Maine in the war for the Union. A history of the part borne by Maine troops, by 
W. E. S. Whitman and C. H. True. Svo., pp., vm, 867. I.ewiston, 1865. 

Seventh .Maine Battery, Light Artillery. A. S. Twitchell. 8vo., pp., 248. Boston, 
-1892. 

Eastern Maine in the Rebellion, R. H. Stanley, and Geo. O. Hall, twenty lithograph 
pictures of officers. 8vo., Bangor, 1887, pp., 392. 

Bowdoin in the War. College roll of honor. 8vo„ pp., 36, 1867. 

Bates in the War. College roll of lionor. Adjutant Cicneral report Vol. i, 1864- 
1865. pp., 520-522. 

Colby in the War. College roll of lionor. Adjutant (Jencral Report Vol. i, 1864- 
1865. pp., 522-525. 

Note. — Corrections and additions earnestly desired. 



REUNIONS OF THE FIRST MAINE CAVALRY. 

Records of the proceedings of the First Maine Reunion, held at Augusta, Sept. 
26th, 1872. 8vo., pp., 40, contains lists of members, also lists of deceased members of 
the regiment. 

Second Annual Reunion, Bangor, September 1 8th, 1873. 8vo., pp. 46. 

Third and Fourth Annual Reunion, held at Portland, September 9th, 1874, at Rock- 
land, September 15th, 1875. PP- ^^> PP- 43- 

Fifth, .Si.\th, and Seventh Reunions at Portland, August 9th and loth, 1876; Old 
Orchard Beach, August 8th, 1877; Augusta, August 7th, 1878. One pamphlet, pp. 77 

Eighth and Ninth Reunion at Lewiston, September 2d, 1879, and at Pittslield,. 
August 25th, 1880. One pamphlet, pp. 108. 

Tenth Reunion at Dover, .\ugust 31st, 188 1, pp. 80. 

Eleventh Reunion at Brunswick, 1882, pp. 52. 

The above pamphlets constitute Campaign I. They contained many addresses and 
communications of permanent historical value. The proceedings of Reunions First and 
Second are out of print. Ten dollars have been paid for copies to complete sets for 
binding. 

First Maine Bui;le, Campaign II, July 1890, Call i, contains Twelfth Reunion at 
Auburn, September I2th, 1883. Photo-gravure portraits of nine comrades, letters 
from comrades, and other historical material. 8vo., pp , 76. 

Call II, October 1S90, contains Thirteenth Reunion at Eastport, August 12th and 
13th, 1884. Photo-gravure portraits of seven comrades, letters, etc. 8vo., pp., 64. 

Call III, January 1891, contains Fourteenth Reunion at Portland, June 24th, 1885. 
Roll call, letters, etc. pp., 64. 



178 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Call IV, April 1891, contains Fifteenth Reunion at Skowhcgan, .Septeml)er I3lh, 
1886, contains Photo-gravure portraits of seven comrades, also letters, and historical 
address at the dedication at the Cavalry Shaft at Gettysburg, pp. 2-64. 

Call v., July 1891, contains Sixteenth Reunion at Bangor, October 4th, 1887; .Serv- 
ices at Dedication of the Shaft at Cettysburg; Letters from Comrades, and personal 
historical accounts, pp. 80. 

Call VI , Octol)er 1 891, contains Seventeenth Reunion at Bar Harl)or, Septeml)er 
15th, 1888; contains letters and personal historical accounts, pp. 73. 

Call VII., January 1892, contains Eighteenth Reunion at Boston, September Seven- 
teenth, 1889, (banquet at Revere House); roll call; letters and historical narrations, 
eight photo-gravure portraits, pp. 96. 

Call VIII., April, 1892, contains Nineteenth Reunion at Boston, August nth, 1890, 
(bancjuet at Lancers Hall); eight photogravure portraits; letters and personal 
accounts; genealogy, jip. 90. 

Call IX., luly, 1892, contains fwcntieth Reunion at Iloulton, Scpteml)cr loth, 1S91; 
two illustrations; Reunion of the Cavalry Society of the Armies of the United .Slates, 
held at Scranton, Pa., June 15th, 1892, with a list of meml)ers; letters from comrades; 
genealogical accounts and personal narrations, pp. 114. 

Call X., October, 1892, contains Twenty-first Reunion at Washington, I). C, Septem- 
ber 22d 1892; letters; genealogical and historical accounts; illustrations; and full 
index of contents of Campaign II. pp. 105. 

Campaign III. — Call I., January, 1893, contains xoW call, letters, historical narrations, 
map of Appomattox battlefield and picture of Court House, illustrations, pp. 104. 

Call IL, April, 1893, contains seven photo-gravure portraits, letters, geneological 
matters, historical and other narrations. 

Call HI , July, 1893, contains seven photo-gravure portraits and other illustrations; 
the Reunion of the Cavalry Society of the Armies of the United States, held at Bos- 
ton, Mass., June 27th and 28th, 1893, with a list of members, also letters, historical 
and personal contributions, pp. 98. 

Call IV., November, 1893, contains-Twenty-second Reunion at Portland, August 
23d, 1893; letters from comrades, historical and personal contri])utions, with illustra. 
ti(ms and full index of content-; of Campaign HI. pp. 102. 



MIJJTARY INSTKbCTION IN SCHOOLS. 17<J 



Military Instructions in Our Schools. 

The following resolutions should meet the hearty co-o[)era- 
tion of every lover of good goveniiiieiit and true patriotism : 

IVkeri-as, ThcClraiid Army of llic Kcpuhlic has \iccn foremost in the ])alrii>iij work 
of inculcatinfj a s\nn\. of loyalty and devotion to (jur flaj; and country; therefore, he it 

A'fsolvi'd, That this Twenty-seventh Annual National I'.ncampment is of the opinion 
that the (jrand Army of the RepuMij takes a deep interest in all efforts to provide for 
the future defense of the country, and that it recommends an orj^anized effort to imjiress 
u])on the various Municipal, State and National authorities the ailvisability of the adop- 
tion of a system by which scholars attending the public and private schools, as well as 
the high schools and colleges, shall receive instru.tion in military matters, and to 
impress u])on the rising generation of the country llu fact that, as American citizens, 
it is their duty to bring to the defense of their c uiilr ■. in its need, the educali.m which 
they may have received in this particular in their youthful days. 

/\'i'solvi'(/, That it is the recommendation ui this Natiwiial Kncanipment that the 
Department Commanders give especial attention to the accomplishment of this object 
through a staff officer, and that the Posts in ihc various cities, towns, and villages, by 
committees, public meetings, and other means, give their earnest co-o])eration and 
sup]')ort in securing necessary legislative, municipal, and school-l)oard action, as well 
as to obtain, where requiretl, national aid by provision of arms, eiiuipments, and 
instruct(jrs. 

E.x-President Harrison in furiher support of the proposed 
plan, in a communication to the Century, writes: 

".\ tnilitary drill develops the whole man, hea 1, chest, arms, 
and legs, proportionately; and so promotes symmetry, and 
corrects the excesses of other forms ol exercise. It teaches 
quickness of eye and ear, hand and foot; (lualifies men to step 
and act in unison ; teaches subordination ; and, best of all, 
qualifies a man to serve his country. The flag now generally 
floats abovx" the school house; and wiiat more appropriate than 
that the boys shoidd be instructed in the defense of it? It will 
not lower their grade-marks in their book recitations, I am sure. 
If rightly used, it will wake them iij), make them more healthy, 
develop their pride, and promote school order. * * * jf a]] \\^q 
school boys of the North had, from 1830 on, been instructed in 



180 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

the schools of the soldier and of the company, and in the man- 
ual of arms, how much precious time would have been saved in 
organizing the Union arm}' in 1861. We were in a very low 
state, as a people, in a military knowledge and training when 
the great civil war broke out. * * * It will not be safe to allow 
war to come upon us again in that state, for war's pace has 
great!}' quickened, and the arms of precision now in use call for 
a trained soldier. Under our system we will never have a large 
standing army, and our strength and safety are in a general 
dissemination of military knowledge and training among the 
people. What the man and citizen ought to know in order to 
the full discharge of his duty to his country should be imparted 
to the boy. Nothing will so much aid to enlarge our State 
militia, and to give it efficiency and character, as the plan pro- 
posed. The military taste and training acquired in the school 
will carry our best young men into the militia organizations 
and make those organizations reliable conservators of pul)lic 
order, and ready and competent defenders of the national honor." 

Henry T. Bartlett, whom the readers of the BUGLE will 
remember from his contributions to its pages, writes: "Our 
post have made it their business to get as near as may be con- 
certed thought and action on this subject throughout the 
country. Some thirty cities have adopted it. Recent efforts in 
Rochester have been successful, and there is a fair jjrosj^ect of 
the instruction being introduced in that city at an early day. 
It is to be hoped that the legislature of each State will advise 
it and i:)rovide for it; that the veterans and G. A. R. men will 
assist so far as they are able, and where the instruction is 
adopted, in any city or town, to have a fatherly oversight and 
co-operation with the boards of education. 

The census of 1880 gives a total of 12,682.577 pupils in the 
elementar}' and secondary public schools, and in priwite and 
parochial school i of the same class 1,30 [,623, a total of 13,984,- 
200. The number of boys are slightly in excess of fifty per 
cent, which would give 7,000000 boys attending school. Of 
this number forty per cent could be given calisthenics and 



MILITARY INSTRUCTION IN SCHOOLS. 181 

marchin<; drill, and the balance full military instruction with 
arms. What a foundation for a volunteer army in case of 
emergency could these'youths be brought under military drill? 
No matter where these boys might be in after life, if anything 
should arise to require the order to.be given to ' Fall in ' what 
magic effect would instantly take place." 

The editor of the BUGLE, while Adjutant General of Maine 
during the \'ears 1876-7-8, procured cadet guns from the 
United States and organized three cadet companies, one com- 
pany each in Portland. Bath ami Rockland, all of which were 
yearly inspected by officc-rs detailed for that purpose, and they 
were given place and standing in the adjutant general's report. 
Subsequently they were withdrawn from tlie pages of the reports 
of that office and had no official care or standing; and all went 
out of existence except the Portland company. It has been 
the privilege of the writer to trace s'mie of the effects of the 
cadet conipan)' in Rockland. That coninan}' furnislied three 
commanding or high officers to the military company at the 
State ColK.ge. It was the foundation of the mih'tary company 
at Rockland. One of its memhrrs is w^\\ in the Twenty -third 
New York National Guards of Brr.ckl) n. and is the commanding 
officer of a compan\' of seventy young mni of the First Baptist 
Church of Brookh'u organized and dril'ctl in niililarx' tactics to 
develop orderly lives and good service fc-r the great com- 
mander. Another defied the insurgents in the Argentine Re- 
public, took command of the sei/.ed train and run it to its des- 
tination. Another member of that cadet comi)any as captain 
of the Roanoke Infantry of Roanoke, Va., faced the mob in 
that city, with a bravery and efficiency equal to any record 
made, north or south, in the War of the Rebellion. All of 
which prove that in the lives and cliaractcrs of our boys, obe- 
dience and militar}' drill will tend to true development of trust- 
worthiness and manhood. 

In the same line of patriotic education the Bl'CH.E heartily 
commends the Patriotic Selections for Memorial Day, compiled 
by Misses Matthews and Rule, of Lynn Public Librar\', as a 



182 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

book specially adapted for Memorial day and all patriotic occa- 
sions. This work has received the commendation of prominent 
educators and G. A. R. officials. 

Headquarters GKi\Ni) Akmy ok thk RKrnu.u:, 

• AdJI'TANT GeNKKAL'.S Ol-l'lLE, 

Lynn, Mass., Jan. i8, 1894. 
1 have carefully examined " Patriotic Selections for Memorial Day," comi)iletl by 
Miss Harriet L Matthews and Miss Eli/.al)cth E. Rule, and dedicated to the Grand 
Army of the Kepuhlic. I heartily a])iirove of the work and wish it could he placed in 
the hands of all the children in our i)ublic schools. In no way can future wars he 
averted better than by teaching our children patriotism. Impressions made upon their 
young minds by reading and recitation are lasting, and no better selections can be 
found than arc contained in this volume. JiiiiN G. 15. Adams, 

Commander in Chief. 
• 

IlKAI)(JlAKTEKS GEN. LaNDEK I'uST Xo. 5,(1 A. R. 

Lynn, Mass., Jan. 20, 1894. 
It gives me ])leasure to say a word in commendation of your work in ci)m]iiling the 
work entitled "Patriotic Selections." It was my good fortune to be present at the 
meeting of ( jeneral Lander Post 5, G A. R., at the time wh'jn they voted to recom- 
mend that the School Committee of Lynn adojjt the book entitled "Memorial Day 
Patriotic .Selections " as a book of selections for use in our public schools. 

The above was adopted by the Post after a thorough discussion of the merits of llie 
book. Very respectfully yours, 

A. J. IIollT, C'onniiander. 






TAPS. 183 



Taps. 

All lights out. 

Dr. William A. lianks, for many years a leading physician in 
Rockland. Me., died at his home on Middle street. Aug. 19, 
1893, after a long illness. He was born in East Livermore in 
1 82 1, educated in the schools in that vicinity, and graduated at 
Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. He began practice in 
Warren, and removed to Rockland in 1852, where he built up a 
large practice. When the Fourth Maine Regiment was or- 
ganized, he received the appointment of surgeon. He was soon 
appointed to a position of higher rank, and served in that ca- 
pacit)' with distinction. He had charge of a large hospital at 
Vicksburg. Miss., and afterward of another at Parkersburg, W. 
Va. He worked very hard, though himself suffering from ill- 
ness that at one time came near proving fatal. He never en- 
tirely recovered from the effects of the exposure and overwork 
during his army life. On his return to Rockland he resumed 
practice, and at once took a high rank in his profession, which 
he held up to the time when increasing ill health compelled his 
retirement, some two years ago. He was well known through- 
out the state, and was often called in consultation in the most 
difficult cases. His judgment was wonderfully accurate, and his 
long experience and thorough training as a physician gave him 
a great advantage. He was seldom mistaken in a diagnosis, 
and in prescribing he was very conservative and careful. And, 
in addition to his professional skill, he was possessed of a be- 
nevolent, kindly nature and a genial disposition that has brought 
help and hope to many a sick-room. He always made his pa- 
tients his friends, and there are many in the community, now 
enjoying life and health, who feel that to him they owe in a 



18-1 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

large degree those blessings. In liis long illness, he had the 
earnest sympathy of a host of friends, and his death called 
forth many tributes to his worth as a man and a physician. In 
addition to a very large practice, he was U. S. Marine Surgeon 
and member of the Pension Examining Board. He left a widow 
and two children — Mr. William T. Banks and Mrs. Wm. T. 
Cobb. He was a member of Edwin Eibby Post, G. A. R., and 
was buried with the honors of the order. 



JOHN B. DRAKE. 

With a suddenness which shocked the fruit and produce trade 
of Boston and cast a pall of gloom over the Exchange, came 
the news July i8, 1893, of the death of Mr. John B. Drake, of 
John B. Drake & Co., commission and wholesale dealers in 
foreign and domestic fruit and country produce, 94 South Mar- 
ket street. For some months Mr. Drake had not been in the 
best of health, but no one suspected or even thought that the 
end was so near. He had gone to Scythville, N. H., for a brief 
rest, and passed suddenly away at that place Tuesday morning. 
Mr. Drake was about fifty years old, and had been around the 
Boston markets over thirty years and in business for himself al- 
most twenty -five years. He had been in the present location of 
the firm, 94 South Market street, sixteen or eighteen years. 

Mr. Drake was a man greatly respected and widely known. 
His most striking trait of character was sterling integrity and 
absolute reliability. Nothing on earth swerved him from the 
course in anything which he believed to be right. He was a 
popular member of the Boston F'ruit and Produce exchange, 
and had served it in many capacities ; and was an ardent worker 
for its welfare, and his ability and sound judgment rendered 
him a valuable counsellor. He was a member of the Beneficiary 
Association of the Exchange. He was also a member of the 
Chamber of Commerce. He served in the War of the Rebellion 
as sergeant, Co. G, First Maine Cavalry, three years till the ex- 
piration of his enli.stment. See History of that regiment, pages 
218, 257, 259 and 561 for the facts of his military career. 



TAPS. 185 

DR. JOHN P. SHEAHAN. 

All the comrades present at Houlton in the reunion of Sept. 
loth, 1891, will remember the robust and healthy appearance 
of Comrade Sheahan and recall his witty s[)eech on that oc- 
casion. At Rastport and Auburn his presence added enjoyment 
to our j^athering. He was a noble, whole hearted man and his 
sudden death is a personal loss to every member of the regi- 
mental association. He rendered efficient service in his company, 
K, First Maine Cavalry, till mustered out April 3d, 1 864, to accept 
a commission as First Lieutenant in the Thirty-first Maine In- 
fantry in which regiment he served till discharged with it July 
15th, 1865. 

After leaving the service he settled as a doctor in Dennys- 
ville, Maine, and filled many positions of trust and honor. The 
facts of his last sickness and some of the events of his life are 
so vividly presented in a letter from his eldest son, W. H. 
Sheahan, that a portion of the letter is here presented : 

"February 17th, 1S94, father started for Barbadocs ; his health 
had failed him so that he did not think he could live the winter 
out; he left New York the 23d; the long journey upset him, 
and knowing he could not live but a few days he started back, 
as soon as possible, returning on the same steamer which took 
him there. When he arrived in New York, he was very weak in- 
deed, and at Boston had to be lifted from the train; after alight- 
ing from the platform he took but one or two steps and fell 
forward, dead; his heart had failed him. This was in the New 
York and New England depot, Boston, Sunday evening, March 
1 8th. I was telegraphed and started for Boston immediately, 
made all necessary arrangements, and then continued my jour- 
ney to our home in Dennysville, Maine, where our mother, who 
died a year and a half ago, was buried. I had her remains 
taken up and started back with them to Boston ; my brother 
John accompanied me to see father's body. I then took both 
bodies with me to Westminster, Md., for burial, arriving there 
Sunday, March 25th; the service took place immediately upon 
my arrival. Westminster was niother's old home, and it was 



186 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

while my father was passing through that town on the march to 
Gettysburg, a few days before the battle, that he first met my 
mother. It was the wish of both to be buried in the old home." 



GEORGE \V. LEWIS. 

Comrade Lewis was a member of Co. K, Fourth Maine 
Infantry. He enlisted at the organization of that company and 
remained on duty with it, till injured and disabled at Bull Run 
battle, for which injuries he was discharged in September, 1861. 
His character is so attractively pictured by his wife that we pre- 
sent extracts from her letter of March 12th, 1894. 

"Perhaps you do not know that our home circle was broken 
Sept. 30th, 1892, by his removal from our midst to that higher 
circle beyond. He was a man who made many friends where- 
ever he was fully known, but in no place were his virtues more 
prominent or more fully appreciated than in his own home, 
among the members of his immediate family, for here the great 
kindness of his heart was manifested by his ever pleasant words, 
his cheerfulness and sympathy which extended to his loved ones 
even to the last ; and the bitterness of our great bereavement is 
softened by the many pleasant memories of his unselfish kindness. 



WILBUR MCCOBB. 
August 22, 1893, Wilbur McCobb died at his residence, at 
San Felipe, Cal., from consumption. Deceased was a native of 
Lincolnville, Maine, son of the late Andrew and Elmira McCobb, 
and came to California in 1867. In 1879 hiC married Hattie 
Orr, by whom he had two children, a boy and girl, aged nine 
and thirteen respectively. He had been a sufferer from the 
malady that carried him off" for over si.x years, and was confined 
to his bed for the last three months. He was a member of 
Mound Lodge, I. O. O. F., also a charter member of Jesse L. 
Reno Post, G. A. R., having served two years, during the re- 
bellion in Co. B, First Maine Cavalry. His funeral took place 
under the auspices of the above orders, and was attended by a 
large concourse of friends and accjuaintances. — See Hist. p. 484. 



BUGLE ECHOES. 187 



Bugle Echoes. 

Sound the dear old bugle, hoys, 

Ring out the calls once more, 
Which thrilled our hearts and nerved our arms 

In hallowed days of yore. 



LETTERS FROM THE COMRADES. 

A MEMBER OK THE CAVALRY SOCIETY. 

S. B. Williams, of Dayton, Ohio, writes : — 

I really do not know how I come to subscribe for the Bugle. I am not a Maine 
man, did not serve in any Maine Command. I was only a six months soldier and 
served in Co. B, 4th Independent Battalion O. V. C, however 1 find many interesting 
things in the Bugle and the fact that it is the organ of the Cavalry Society of the 
Annies of the U. vS. (of which I am a member) and publishes its annual proceedings 
is an interesting feature to me. 

Note: — ^'rhe4th Independent Battalion Ohio Vol. Cav. was transformed to the 13th 
Ohio Cav. which regiment and the First Maine Cav. marched antl fought together in 
the winter and spring of 1S65 and together resisted the final attack of Lee's Army 
April 9th, 1865. 

A KENNEBECKER. 

Major A. P. Davis, nth Me. Inf. of Pittsburg, Pa., writes: — 

I have just received your February Circular regarding the Maine Bugle and hasten 
to respond. I inclose Si.oo for your publicatit)n for 1894. I was born at Gardiner, 
Kennel^ec Co. I have served in the U. S. Navy (prior to the late War) as well as in 
the Army. I also commanded Co. F", Eleventh Maine and in the service was connected 
with the Third and Thirteenth Maine Infantry. I have lived here nearly twenty-five 
years and have been in the Fire Insurance business. Like many of us I am slipping 
down the decline of life. 

Note; — Major Davis was the founder of the Sons of Veterans. 

WE feel as IK WE WERE ACQUAINTED. 

Kendall Pollard, Co. K. 8th Me., of .Swampscott, Mass., writes : — 

The January numl)er of the Bugle came all right, and was gladly welcomed. It iloes 
any one good to read what each comrade has to say; it creates a brotherly feeling to- 
wards each other, we feel as if we were acquainted, whether we have seen them or not, 
for it brings back many things which have been partly forgotten; we relive the past as 
though it were but yesterday, and many comrades would pass from our memory forever, 
did we not see and hear them in the Bugle. It should receive the support of all com- 
rades, whether in the Cavalry or Infantry, and especially those now in other states, who 



138 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

served in Maine rejjiments and look liack to the northern state with pride for her noble 
sons, given in defense of the nation. The Maine soldier, wherever living, is proud of 
the record made hy the Maine men. Keep sendinj^ the lUc.i.K and T will respond to 
its call. 

SOUNDINC TO-MCIIT Cl.IvVR AND DISTINCT. 

LuTHKR TiBBF/rrs, Co. I. 1st Me. Cav. of Limerick, Me. writes: — 

I have just received the January number of the Bfci.i"., which I prize very much, for 
it is very interesting. The First Maine Cavalry is very dear to me and I feel proud to 
think that I belonged to so good a regiment. Now, General, I suppose you well re- 
meml)er our roll call in winter quarters; early in the morning every member of the 
company as his name was called would sing out, "Here!" quite often some of our 
tent mates would be absent at roll call, so some of the company knowing where the ab- 
sent one was would answer for him saying, "To the rear." Now I must answer the 
same for myself, 1 am to the rear and have been for a long while, but I am gaining on 
the column for I have been hearing the old First Maine bugle notes sounding tonight 
clear and distinct. Yes, I got so near that I have even heard your own voice calling 
on nie to hurry up. 

THK FIRST EXl'EKIKNCE OF A K,\W RFCRl IT. 

LirniKR TiHHKTis, Co. I, ist Me. Cav. of Limerick, Me., writes: — 

Agreeable to promise, I will give you my experience as a new recruit, while on the 
transport from Boston to City Point. I was thinking how I could go into l)attle and 
stand up as a deliberate object to be shot at. I thought it all over and at last decided 
on a good way out of the dilemna, vi/. : to keep as near the captain of the company as 
I could, believing he would not expose himself to danger. The next day after joining 
the regiment we met the enemy and soon I found out that I was following the wrong 
man to escape the thickest of the fight. I kept near him until he got his revolver 
knocked out of his hand, letting one of his lingers go with it, yet after he lost his finger 
he sang out "Close up there on the left ! forward ! " that cool order gave me to under- 
stand that the man I was following was liound to win or die in the attempt. This was 
the last I saw of our brave captain until the next morning. The fight during the day I 
called a savage one, our regiment losing over eighty men in killed, wounded and miss- 
ing. Well, the next morning I met our wounded captain at or near the Weldon R. R. 
He came to me and asked nic how I liked ihc fun the day before. My answer was, " I 
said before I left home I wanted to see one good fight, and I had seen one and I was 
all ready to go home." Imagine my feelings when Corp. Webber, hearing our conver- 
sation, stepped u]) and said that was not a fight, only a skirmish. " Well," I said, " if 
that is what you call a skirmish it was only a skirmish that I wanted to see. I have no 
hankering to see a light." I thought it was rather rough on a raw recruit, putting him 
into such a skirmish, the next day after joining the regiment. The l)oys called the 
fight the " liull Pen." It was rightly named, for it seemed to me we were in the pen 
and the Johnnies all around us. Our brave Cajit. Chadbourne, or I should say major, 
has gone to join that grand army ai)ove. (iod bless him. I'.nclosed please find one 
dollar for the Maink Buci.f.. I will send you one dollar each ([uarter until I catch up 
with the column for I do not like to be at the rear. Cleneral, hold the fort for I am 
coming. Next month I will do what 1 can. 1 will also try to renienii)er something of 



BUGLE ECHOES. 189 

my own experience in Old Virginia. One thing I feel proud of, that is, I was never to 
the rear or straggled while I was with the regiment. 

ONLY AS AN ol.I) TROOI'I-.R CAN WAIT. 

RKt'Ki. W. PoKTiiK, Co. M, 1st Me. Cav., of Detroit, Me., writes: 

I have waited as only an old trooper can wait for the BrcLK. It came at last; not 
with the crack of carbines and the clang of steel scahhards, but with the heavier roll 
of muskets and the crash of artillery, and the old gladness comes over me as it did at 
Shep])ardstown when reinforcements came to the weary three hundred men who had 
fought Lee's rear guard and held the position that saved the day. You know very 
well what the sensation was as we looked back from the thin skirmish line, ammunition 
expended, and nothing left us but the oft ridiculed saber, and saw long bayonets like 
flashing ])lades of wheat. With feelings akin to those of old I have read and re-read 
the Maine Huci.k, and a quotation from the Old Book forces itself upon me, "Well 
done good and faithful servant, thou hast l)een faithful over a few things, I will make 
thee ruler over many things." I shall wait as patiently as T can to hear from Col. 
Henry Hoynton, who has been foremost in every fray where human rights were staked 
since the time of attempted i)order ruffian rule in Kansas. 

KOl'R liKOTIIK.KS IN THE SERVICE! 

CoRViKiN O. Stone, Co. I), ist I). C. Cav., and Co. F, ist Me. Cav. of Charle.slown, 

Mass., writes: — 

.'\s I was away during October 1 did not hear the last Call of the First Maine 
BrcLE; it was mislaid, and when the Maine Bugle came this month I made inquiry 
and found it, so will hasten to furnish a little ammunition in the shape of a check for 
J?3.oo; $2.50 the bill calls for, the other fifty cents is for the 1894 Bugle. I shall 
attend the reunion at Skowhegan this fall if possible. Now as to writing for the 
Bugle. I am not much of a writer, being in the army when I should have l)een in 
school. Fnlisting at the age of sixteen in the First D. C. Cavalry, Co. I)., Capt. 
Howes, and going through the whole campaign with them until the transfer, and irom 
that time with the First Maine, until the morning of Lee's surrender, I was shot through 
the thigh. I think I was the last man wounded in the regiment. I was the youngest 
of four brothers in the army. Charles .S. served three years in the Ninth Maine. 
Jesse and Joseph, twins by the way, in the Eleventh Maine, enlisted before they were 
seventeen, and t)oth died in the service. Charles died the twenty-third day of Decem- 
ber, 1893, *^f heart disease. 

I WAS WriH HIM ON the SKIRMISH LINE. 

John E. Hart, Co. H, ist Me. Cav., uf Burnham, Me., writes: — 

Please find one dollar for the Bu<;le from January to Octiil)er, 1894. I think liie 
Bugle is a most excellent publication for the boys. I want to shake hands through 
its columns with Wellington I'. Baker, chief bugler. I used to be at headquarters 
with Billy McFarland a good deal. I did not know where he lived until I saw his let- 
ter in January, 1894, Call. We can find each other through the Bugle; cjuite a num- 
ber have made themselves known this way. I read Perley Lowe's letter with joy in 



190 77//S MAINE BUGLE. 

Call of January, 1893. I was with him on the skirmish line, next to him when he was 
struck in the left leg. There is only one meml^er of the old First Maine in my town. 
A number of Co. H have made themselves known through the Bi"(ji.K. Dan Foster, 
Plumer Butler and Dave Whittier. I saw James Reynolds at our reunion at Peakes^ 
Island at Portland; had not met him since the war. I used to say to him when we 
were on the march, " Jim, drop your legs and give your horse a rest." He was a long 
legged fellow and the tallest man in the company. Plumer Butler, have you forgotten 
the time that Col. Cilley sent us to take down that old house to build winter quarters, 
and what a good time we had getting the ridge pole off, and how some one put cart- 
ridges down Ohlsen's chimney, knocking his frying pan over and coffee pot upside 
down; how he run for Capt. Hall's tent and said some one had killed him? We were 
all asleep in our tents at the time the shell exploded. I ask Ohlsen's forgiveness if he 
is living. I have not met him since the war. Now all you comrades of Co. H, I want 
you to write for the Bugle. 

HOl'E THE FUTURE CALLS OK THE KUCILE WILL BE AS UOOIJ. 

George L. Dacy, Co. A, 8th Me., of 28 Ward St., So. Boston, writes : — 

The first Call of the M.m.ne Bugle I have heard, and I am both pleased and sad- 
dened by the memories its echoes awaken. I was very glad to learn that so many of 
the comrades of the old Eighth Regiment have promised to contribute to the Bugle 
in the future, and I am sure their communications will be of interest, not only to the 
boys of the Eighth, but to other Maine soldiers as well, for we are all of the Pine Tree 
State. Did I wield the pen of a ready writer, I would gladly contril)ute something, 
for I was present with the regiment from August, '61, until January, '66, and remem- 
ber somewhat of its formation and sulisequent career, being of the first company, A, 
upon the grounds in front of the State House. I knew of its first attempts at soklier- 
ing; its ideas were very meagre, as Gen. Viele, commander of our first brigade, rightly 
says. But we learned a few things about discipline, drill, picket, provost and fighting, 
to say nothing about the use of the pick and spade, before the government relinquished 
its claim upon us in '66. I am glad to hear from the Eleventh Maine, for they, too, 
were along with us and shared in the fatigue and fights of the First Division, Twenty- 
fourth Corps, in the chase after Lee from Petersburg to Appomattox. Well, too, do I 
remember the P'irst Maine Heavy Artillery as they came filing in through the works in 
frt)nt of Petersburg, and the cpiestion was askeil, " Is there no end of ye?" there being 
more apjjarently in that regiment than in our whole lirigade, for those were the days 
of small regiments, which continued to grow smaller as did the First Heavy Artillery, a 
few days later, while "fighting it (Hit on that line." Was much pleased with Comrade 
Pollard's article on " Early Services of the Eighth Maine," but allow me to make one 
or two corrections. He says the Third New York was in our first brigade while it 
should have been the Third New Hampshire. The right wing of the regiment under 
command of Maj. Woodman was on Dawfuskie Island not Awfuskie as the Bu(iLE 
has it. The Mud islantl, the comrade refers to I presume was Jones Island, l)ut there 
was mud enough I can assure you, as all who had anything to do with building the 
batteries on the Savannah river can testify. Those were days of death from tiisease, 
more than lighting, but we found the lighting later. Should think a roster of the 
Eighth Regiment would l)e interesting antl take well among the l>oys, and shall want 



BUGLE ECHOES. 191 

one when published if not too expensive. Wishing you success, and hoping that future 
numbers of the Bi'ci.K may lie as good as number one. 

Ndtk. — The corrections above mentioned were duly made in the tal)lc of contents 
of January issue. 

Ai'Gi'srrs Lord, Co. A., ist Me Cav. of Williamsport, Pa., writes: — 

Enclosed please find money order for live dollars, after my indei)tedness for the 
Bugle is satisfied, place the Ijalance to some Comrade of Co. A. Hope you will be able 
to blow the Bugle until the last Call comes from every man of the First Maine Cavalry 
and that you won't be compelled to beat taps with the tlrum entirely but let it come, be 
it either bugle or drum. Have been reading an account of the famous ride of the 
First Maine Cavalry in the October number of the Bl'CLK from Sulphur Sjjrings to 
little Washington and Sperryville and our return to a short distance east of Gaines' 
Cross Roals where we run into A. P. Hills Corps, and what I wish to state is, in refer- 
ance to the guide who took us over to or near Orleans. Old Mr. Gaines was the guide 
who took us over that distance on a horse with only a halter on and no saddle, and 
that horse was led if my memory serves me right, and I was detailed to shoot the 
guide if he took us into ambush; after passing through the woods Mr. Gaines refused 
to go any further as he did not know what was beyond Orleans, and the column 
halted until Col. Smith came up and Col. Smith and Mr. C^aines had a short conversa- 
tion and Col. Smith gave Mr. Gaines some money and the horse he rode on, also pro- 
vided him with a saddle, a dismounted man had. The country from Orleans to War- 
rington and vicinity was as well known to most of the men in the regiment as any citi- 
zen, but the heatl of the regiment did start out on Amisville Road, l)Ut this was corrected 
before the regiment had gone far, and Co. A again took the lead, almost to Warrington. 
Most officers and men except Col. Smith thought the camp forces at Warrington 
were our own men, but when Col. Smith called for volunteers and several answered 
that call, Capl. Thaxtor found out, C'ol. Smith was right in his ideas. The stone wall 
was torn down and the column passed into the field by fours and marched around War- 
rington; in making the detour we got in to a swamp; up to this time, Mr. (Jaines was 
the only guide I saw at the head of the regiment. A colored guide led us around the 
swamp and took the regiment to the Fairfax road. Colonel Smith says when he met 
Gen. Warren that we had rested twenty-four hours, if this was correct I slept the short- 
est twenty-four hours that ever passed in my life. I have written this in a hurry and 
hope it will i)ring out replies from the ofiicers and men, giving their recollections of this 
ride. 

Cyrus C. Cask, 8th Me. Inf. of Los Angeles, Cal., writes: — 

And may the Buta.K's martial strains thrill our hearts as they |thrilled in the olden 
days, as long as any of us are left to hear. N\)t a ni)te or cadence of the First C"all (for 
'94) has escaped me. Glad to note that so many of the old Kighth respond. Capt. 
Drake of Co. I (earlier Sergeant of Co. D) lives in the neighboring city of Pasadena. 
Others of the Eighth are on this coast; and very many Maine veterans are living in the 
glorious climate of California. Several are like me members of Stanton Post of this 
city; and I am quite intimate with two or three old Vets of the First Maine Cavalry and 
First Maine Heavy .\rtillery. Many times I have taken occasion to speak proudly of 
the records of those regiments. If I ever get time I want to give a little Toot through 
the Biiu.E. 



192 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

NoTK: — Comrade Case wishes to know if Ceo. Mitchell of Haverhill, Mass., who was 
Adjutant Ki_i;hth Maine last of 1S64 is living. 

A (iKANI) MOVK. 

Henry E. Morrii.l, of Gardiner, Me. writes: — 

I am very much pleased with the ol)ject of the Buglk. It will l)c a grand move to 
awaken that dt)rmant spirit in this little corner of our Union. It will remind us of the 
encroachments that are now being manufactured to destroy the beneficent intent of the 
pension legislation and to injure the best government on the face of the globe. We 
have done them up brown here. 

THE HIsroKY ()!•■ THE TIIIRI) MAINE HAS liEEN NECEECTED. 

C. T. Watson, Third Maine Infantry of Atlanta, Ga. writes: — 

Having been in Georgia ever since the close of the war with only an occasional visit 
to Maine, I have not kept very well posted as to the histories and meetings of our old 
Maine soldiers and expect to derive consideral)le information from your pulilication. 
The history of my old regiment, the Third Infantry, has been very much neglected, al- 
though it made a magnificent record during the war, and I trust you will be able to find 
some one of the survivors, who can write up its record for your pulilication. 

ONLY GUARD Dl'TY. 

John Haselton, Co. A, 25th Me., of Naples, Me., writes: — 

I was one of the nine months men and you know they did not go into battle but 
were on guard duty all the time. We first went to Capitol Hill ami did guard duty 
there, then to Arlington Heights, and then to Chantilla and remained until our time 
was out; perhaps some of the comrades could tell something more than I can. 

IHE Cul.OKS (IK IliK lOth AT ( EKAK MollNTAIN. 

George S. Aykes, Co. A, loth Me., of .Saco, writes: — 

The Maine Hugi.e fell into my hands this morning and I have looketl it over and find 
no word from the Tenth Maine Infantry. I was in that regiment from October 4th 
1861 and in active duty every day until August 9th, 1862, when I was wounded holding 
up the colors in full view of the Rel)S at Cedar Mountain, Virginia, where I thought at 
the time it was pretty hot. We had marched from Cul|)epper in the afternoon before, 
and many of our comrades had not arrived from their fainting and falling out, i)ut 
what there was of us commenced duty in the early morning, supporting, I think it was 
the Sixth Maine Battery or Fourth United .States, which was out to the left hand side of 
the road leading tc»vards the mountain; later we were relieved and marched back to- 
wards Culpejiper some half to three-fourths of a mile and thence across the road and 
out to the right hand side of same, ime-fourtli of a mile, and up close to some woods, 
which covered us from the minnies. We staid there and I believe our regiment must 
have i)een forgotten as we laid there until I got asleep once or twice, iiut some how the 
"one l)ig gun " on the mountain got our location'and sent a terror direct for us cutting 
off several trees near us and going over our lieads, killed both a cavalry-man and his 
horse, this I recollect and always shall as it was the first time I ever knew a cavalry-man 
to get hurt. Well, this started up the officers and they were anxious for a change, and 



BUGLE ECHOES. 193 

soon they had orders to make a chani^c, by charging through the woods out into the 
wheat field or as it may he called the slaughter pen. In going through the woods I was 
acting color sergeant, as soon as we struck the open field, Sergeant Reulien Alexander 
was down and I took his place as color liearer and carried them to the front until halted 
l)y command of Col. Heal; as we were ordered to the rear or rather right about and 
soon another rightabout, and then firing l)y our lioys commenced, many had fallen l)e- 
fore the first shot was fired l)y our l)oys, and many fell very soon so we could not have 
done very great execution, the bullets or minnies came from the left and frcmt, as well 
as from the right, and l)eing under the colors, at which il seemed to me all the relu'ls in the 
whole south were firing. I got one in the right arm then laid down and held up the 
colors until I got a worse one in my left shoulder, which completed me and I was taken 
to the prol)ing gang where the doctors tried to find the bullet, which made a hole to go 
in but none to go out; this they failed to find, but later I felt and located the bullet 
which was near my spine between ril) joints seven and a half inches from where it 
made the hole to get in, so a new hole was cut and a round one ounce ball taken out 
so it was not a minnie that hit me, and many of my comrades, who were hit, can be as- 
sured that round l)alls and buck shot were used as late as August 9th, 1862. 

TIIK KCIIi) OK MY NATIVK STATK. 

Ai.oN/.i) R. Stuart, Co. I, nth Me. Inf., of Areata, ("al., writes: — 

I hope the BiT(;i,E will blow so hard it will wake the old veterans of the Eleventh 
Maine from California's golden shores to the pine clad hills of Maine. Yes, old com- 
rades, lei us rally to its support as we did in 1 861 and '62 and followed its calls to '65. 
15y so doing we will mingle in camp and battles as of yore, in mind if not in reality. 
I like to read the Huci.k for it is the echo of my native State, but oh how eagerly I 
look for and read the items from the Eleventh. I have taken the National Tribune 
for twelve years l)Ut see very little from my little regiment. Yes, I say old Eleventh, 
rally to the Buci.K's call so we can have the pleasure of talking to each other through 
its notes. I took pleasure in reading Capt. Daggett's and Sergt. Holmes' articles, for 
I was with l)oth of them in both places and recalled them well. I51ow your liiKii.K 
again Comrades Daggett and Holmes. 

DISAl'l'OINT.MKNT AI.I. ROUND. 

Major Hknry C. Ham., ist Me. Cav. of Chelsea, Mass., writes: — 

I see Ijy the Boston papers that the First Maine Cavalry Association of Massaclni- 
setts, held its annual reunion on Tuesday evening of this week. I received no notice 
of the meeting and was therefore absent. I desired very much to l)e present this year 
and am consequently disappointed in not seeing you as 1 had anticipated. I moved 
from Woburn here last week. 1 am engaged in the construction of an elevated high- 
way and a vamp at Mystic wharf in Charlestown and shall probably be here during 
the balance of the year. 

ai.dkkman ikom ward o.ne. 

Charles l'\ Dam, Co. F, First Maine C"avalry has been elected alderman of Portland, 
lie has had previous experience in this office and is well ijualified, except in liodily 
configuration, for this position of responsibility in his city. 



194 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

ALWAYS GL/VD TO HEAR FROM THK MEN OK MAINE. 

William H. Findal, Co. D, Eleventh Maine of Clyde River, Shelburn Co., N. S. 
writes : — 

] can assure you that the BroLE receives an attentive perusal on its quarterly calls 
at my home. As I am always glad to hear from the Ijrave men of Maine especially 
those ot the Eleventh Maine Regiment with whom I regret to say my association was 
so short, though not through any fault of mine, I shall ever cherish the memory of my 
short association with those dear comrades I loved so well. 

MelvinTibbetts, Co. H, Fifteenth Maine of Seal Harbor, Maine, writes: — 

I received a line from you a few days ago asking for a few words in regard to 
sketches from my army life. I was out long enough and saw enough, but to recall in- 
cidents of interest to outsiders perhaps will be useless, but will say, I was the first man 
who enlisted in Exeter, Maine. I was seventeen years old, enlisted the seventh of 
November, i86i,in the Fifteenth Maine Volunteers, Co. H, Colonel Dyer. Shipped on 
the ship Great Republic to Ship Island, Miss., then engaged in the capture of Fort 
Jackson and Philips and New Orleans, then went to Pensacola, Fla., where I volun- 
teered on very many skirmishes up the Black River at Milton, Bagdad, Oakfield and 
other points. Then went to New Orleans and to Texas, landed at the Island Brazos 
Santago, at the mouth of the Rio Grande and captured the line of islands — Mustang 
with Fort Lemo, then St. Josephs Island, Matagorda, where we stayed — Fort Esper- 
anza — then to De Crow's Point, then to New Orleans and fitted for the Red River cam- 
paign; took an active part in that campaign. Was in the battles of Mansfield, Sabine 
Cross Roads, Pleasant Hill where I got hit, then was in the battle of Cane River 
Crossing, Wansura Plains and the crossing of the Atchafalaya River near the mouth of 
Red River. Went into camp at Morganzia Bend and soon ordered to the Shenan- 
doah Valley where I was thrown in a hospital at Harper's F"erry, while our regiment 
went on to Frederick tJity, Md., where they got a veteran furlough to Maine, unknown 
to us. A comrade of my own company who was left in hospital at the same time and 
finding it full we were shown quarters under an oak tree, so we made our downy hos- 
pital bed on a rubber l)lankel on the wet ground; we both lay our aching bones down, 
and shook it out till early morning, when I proposed to forge a pass and I signed it 
Joseph Hooker, commander-in-chief. We packed our knapsacks and I discovered 
someone had stolen my gun from under my head in the night; however our pass proved 
good till the provost guard of the general stopped us, but we offered to step in and see 
the general, when they passed us on across the river to Pleasant Valley where we 
found the picket asleep liy the fence, I without any ceremony marched up and took a 
gun that was leaning against the fence not six feet from the sleeper. It resembled 
mine in as much as it was made in the same manufactory and of course I took it to be 
the same one I lost, so on we went to the outer picket where we soon passed and were 
out (jf sight of them in to rebeldom. We took the woods for it, but were soon discovered 
by Moseby's men where we for hours played hide and seek with them in a deep ravine, 
but by being " yankees," we outwitted them at last and as darkness overtook us we 
saved them the troulile of taking us to Richmond. We gained courage as the dark- 
ness liecame more dense and ventured up to the road where we made several miles to- 
wards Frederick City; when daylight came we took to the woods again for rest l)ut not 



BUGLE ECHOES. 195 

for food fur \vc had not had a morsel since we stopped at the hospital at Harper's 
Ferry, so ! told my chum to hold the fort, I was going after some grub. I went to 
two houses or in sight of them but as they did not look very inviting I went on till I 
come to a small hjust* ijack from the road where, after a close examination, 1 ventured 
in and found a Union woman, who gave me a loaf of bread and a jiiece of meat. I 
stole l)ack to my comi)anion in the woods, and no two ever enjoyed a meal more. We 
spent the day in the woods and the next night brought up at daylight on one of our 
out-posts at Frederick. We were arrested and put in the soldiers' rest and informed 
our regiment had gone to Maine on a furlough. We were kept a week then sent to 
the front in the valley, just in time to take in Sheridan's ride, and I will not tell about 
its horrors. We got its full effects. When Sheridan rode his twenty miles from Win- 
chester I was in the gang of retreating men. That fall and winter I was so used up as 
tj be obliged to be sent home to save my life, and received my discharge January 
30th, 1865. 

LiTHKK TiHiiKns, Co. I, First Maine Cavalry, of Limerick, Maine, writes: — 

Sorry I could not send you the whole bill, but never mind I will be there as soon as 
possible, for I have received the money's worth. Some lime I will tell you my ex- 
perience at Dinwiddle, the proudest day of my life. I hope anrl trust when I receive 
the next IJuci.K I shall hear the oil First M.iine l)low "Boots and Sa<l(lle," with the 
rest of the Maine regiments. 

WISH TO K.KE1' IN TOl'CH. 

A. F. F.VToN of l.uddcn, X. I), writes: — 

I served in the Fourth Maine liattery as l.icutciiaiU and wish tu keep in touch with 
my okl comrades. 

THE EI.KVENTH MAINK AT AITOMATTOX. 

Cait. Henry C. Adam.s, No. 3 Union Sfjuare, New York City, who commanded 

the regiment after Colonel Hill was wounded, writes: — 

As a member of the Fleventh Maine, I an mn h interested in anything concerning 
its history, especially when it comes from any of "the boys." The article written by 
Sergeant Holmes "Thi Eleventh Maine at \ppjmattjx" an I published in January 
number of the Bi'GLE is correct up to a certain point, but when he states that the 
" whole right ha 1 fallen back, even the right of our company had fallen back " he is 
mistal<en. The cause of his, and some others having been separated from the regi- 
nitnt was, that they did not go forward with the regiment, but remained at point he 
mentions, while the regiment went on. While in an advanced position directly in 
front of a battery on Clover Hill, whieh was thr )wing grape and cannister at us very 
lively, the rebels sent a cavalry skirmish line and some infantry around our right and 
some of our men who had not kept in line were captured. Gen. Hill, who was 
wounded near the fence at the edge of the woods, was one of the captured. After a 
little the rebs put a section of artillery into position on the right of the regiment, which 
enfiladed our line very nicely; they also sent a cavalry skirmish line around our left and 
were putting another section of artillery into position in a peach orchard on the left. 
The Fleventh was ordered to move by the left flank, down the side of the hill, to get 
out of the range of the artillery on the right. When they rose many were killed and 



190 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

wouri'ied. After moving sufficient distance to the left they fell hack to the edge of the 
woods. Then as the rel)S were closing in towards us, we fell hack quite a distance 
through the woods, until we found the rest of the hrigade. The hrigade commander, 
as well as the division commander, was surprised to learn that we had heen so far in 
advance, as the rest of the troops had fallen i)ack as soon as they received the lire of 
the hattery. While we were lying in the advanced position the writer got where he 
coulil see, in a ravine between the regiment am! tlij l)attery, a line of rel)el infantry 
lying at rest. This was probably part of Gen. (iordon's command. The hrigade ad- 
vanced, after having re-formed, to the edge of the woods moving "left obli<]ue" S(j it 
reached the open field at nearly the same place that tlie Eleventh had occui)ied after 
their retreat from the extreme front. At this time word came of the surrender The 
Eleventh did not break nor fall hack except under orders at this or any time It lost 
that morning sixty men killed, wounded and captured Some of the killed were men 
who had served through the war witlmul injury, to die tliat morning, April lyth, 1S65' 
after the surrender. 

HIS COMKADKS SHARK HIS OKo Y I'LAIA. 

Hon IIk.nki J. IIaski'.m , Co. 15, First Maine ( avalry, .\ttorney (ieneral id Montana, 

writes : — 

We transmit to you liercwilh live dollars in accordance with a promise in |aiuiary 
Call If satisfactory to yi>u, we would suggest the names of Licul. Win. 1'. Coleman, 
Alvin A. < arter, William Bradford and All)ii/n 1*. Kimhall, to wiiom ilic r.rci.i; l>c 
sent. We regret to hear that Lieut. Coleman is so badly disabled, lie was, in my 
judgment, one of the l)est men we had; he was true not only to his company and his 
regiment but to his country in every particular. My recollection of him is that as a 
branch (A the old Puritan stock, he was well endowed with those sturdy pers »nal 
qualities which comjiel us at all limes lo admire, ami accept as standards for our 
guidance, and make the word of such a man ids honti; whose character is su:h thai 
his declarations are received as true and whose acts comport so fully with his declara- 
tions, and his acquaintances and associates are convinced that his acts are prompted by 
motives which are neither selfish nor mercenary As we look back over those scenes 
when, as a member of that regiment we were associated with him as one of tb ■ 
soldiers, we can see much in him to appreciate, not only as an officer Init as a man 
among men. Tlease inform us where and when you hold your next reiini iii 

LiKUTK.NANT Jl-.l-i-EKSON L. CoiUKN, Co. A, First Maine Cavalry of Lewistcm, Maine 

writes: — 

I have just returned from Virginia. March thirty-first, last, I met by invitation 
members of the ol 1 Army of Northern Virginia, representing the .Seventh, Ninth 
fourteenth, Fifteenth, Thirty-second, and F'ifty-third Virginia Regiment of Infantry; 
of Stuarts and Hamptons Brigades, Picketts Division and Ninth, Tenth, an 1 Thirteenth 
Virginia Cavalry and Fifth, North Carolina (Col. McNeil killeil at Dinwiddle Court 
House.) Cavalry of Barringers Brigade, W. H. H. Lee's Cavalry Division, all of 
whom were engaged in the battle of March thirty-first, 1865, at Dinwiddie Court 
House. I met these soldiers at the Court House at twelve o'clock noon and we went 
down to Chamberlain Bed, where we had quite a jolly time, and took supper at the 
hotel at the ('ourt House at five i'. M. I gathered some very interesting informatiun 



BUGLE ECHOES. 197 

(luring my stay at Petersburg and vicinity, and am writing an account of my trip (or the 
Bt'(;i,i;. I could till one Hi'ci.K with interesting matter and then not half try. While 
at Petersburg I was invited i)y the commander of A. P. Hill Camp of C"onfederate 
Veterans to visit them at a meeting of the (ami), vvhi^h I did, and received one of the 
greatest surprises of my life, receiving a general recejition and introduction to all 
the members present (forty-eight) , and then a general introduction to the C'amp, with 
a request to talk to the Camp. As a speech was out of the question so far as oratorical 
display was concerned, it took me quite aback, but I managed a half hour talk, which 
seems to have been favorably received, according to the Petersburg Press. Nothing 
could have been more cordial than my reception everywhere in Virginia, Petersburg, 
Dinwiddle Court House, Heams Station, Richmond, and Fredericksburg. Mrs Coburn 
accompanied me and was also 'delighted with her entertainment by the ladies of 
Virginia. 



THEY sril.L LIVE. 



There were jiresent at llu- State Encampment C. A. K. held at liangor last I'ei)- 
ruary, llfty-one members of the First Maine Cavalry as delegates and attendants. 

MAXIMS KOK TK.VININC. HORSES. 

J. Y. Mason P.lunt, Lieutenant Fifth United States Cavalry, has written an admirable 
work on training remount horses for military jiurposes Published by I). Ajipleton & 
Co., 1894. Price 50 cents. 

ADDRE-SS flN I'HII.. SHERIDAN. 

Lieutenant F. P. rol)ie has delivered an address bef 're a large auilience in Paw- 
tucket containing personal reminiscences, under that great cavalry commander, from the 
Wilderness till I>ee's surrender. 

I.IKVTENANr JA.MKS MC(U IKI-. 

Lieutenant James McCiuire, Co. V, F'irst Distritt < olumbia Cavalry and Co II, First^ 
Maine Cavalry, who was wounded at Petersburg, Va., June 1864, and a short time later 
taken prisoner while on the Wilson's Raid, it has just been learned, died in Texas 
some twenty years ago and left a w idow and one daughter, who are now living at 506 
W. 13th street, Austin, Texas 

THE PLACE OF THE NKXT ENCAMl'Mi.NT. 

Minnesiti un I.t thj 1 .'a 1 of fohnD. Stii 1 ) -pir!;.!! mt " ) n nin I ;r an 1 a ^L^ine 
man, marshalls her forces in favor of St. Paul. Major C. T. W atson of .Atlanta, Ca. 
Department Commander of the C. \. R in Georgia, also a N'aine man, is backed by 
all the Posts of his state in his efforts to have the Encampment held at Atlanta. The 
l^iH.LE awaits information from Maine men, who are commanders in the departments 
of other states, concerning their efforts to secure the Encampment; for it is certain 
that th > movement to locate the Encampment, headed by some Maine soldier, must 
su::eL' 1. Mains, while in love with grand old dcvirgia, has so many blood relatives in 
Minnesota, that she wants to visit them at St. Paul. 



198 'J'J/E MAINE BUGLE. 

THOMAS SOMKKS. 

'rhonias Sumers of Co. I, First District Cuhimbia Cavalry ami Co. C, I'irst Maine 
Cavalry, who was wounded on picket in January, 1864, in his left arm, and has been a 
stranger to his comrades during all the years since his discharge in the summer of 
1865, is now living in Lockhart, Texas. It is wonderful how the calls of the BU(;i,E 
wake echoes from the distant states of our Union. Numerous comrades have written 
that it was worth many times its cost in searching out forgotten comrades, and rein- 
stating them in memory and fellowship. 

THE DELAY OK THE Al'KIl, ISSIE. 

The juinters of tlie Broi.E have had too much ])ros))erity. To their regular work of 
printing two weekly newspapers of their own and several for the towns near by, in ad- 
dition to the Biroi.E, they have added the publijation of a daily j)aper. As the daily 
paper was named the Sun, it is obliged to rise every morning at six o'clock, conse- 
quently the progress on the Bl'ui.e was knocked into a pie — not a nice New Kngland 
pie, but a suttler's pie — expensive, and a most unpleasant disappointment. We are 
obliged to carry over to the July issue a small regiment of echoes and articles \\hich 
were offered for the April C all. We name a few of these contributors : — 

John V. Perry, Lieut. Co. G, Twenty-eighth Maine, Minneapolis, Minn; Matthew S. 
Berry, Eleventh Maine, Brownville, Maine; Gen. Egbert L. Viele, New York City; 
Pearl G. Ingalls, Co. B, Eighth Maine, Kazorville, Maine; Maj. II. W. C lark. One 
Hundred Eighty-fifth New York Infantry, and others. Who was he? An unknown 
Cavalryman. The last S(jldicr killed at Api)omattox. William Gardner, Sec. 1-irst 
Rhode Island Cavalry Association. An important correction; Lieut. Horatio S. I.ibby, 
Co. C, First Maine Cavalry, Melrose, Mass ; Albert H. Harris, Co. L, kirst Maine Cav- 
alry, So. Merrimac, N. H.; Major Henry C. Hall, Co L, First Maine Cavalry, Chelsea, 
Mass.; Dr. Freeman H. t hase, Co. F, Twelfth Maine, Bangor, Maine; John D. Smith, 
Co. F, Nineteenth Maine Department, Com. G. A. R., Minneapolis; Henry Y.. 
Sellers, First Maine Heavy Artillery, Bangor, Maine; S. F. Harris, Co. M, First Maine 
Cavalry, Medford, Mass ; G. E. Dillingham, Co. C. Seventeenth Maine Infantry and 
First Maine Heavy Artillery, Hesjier, Iowa; J. B. Parsons, First Maine Heavy Ar- 
tillery, Dwight, 111.; C. P. Stevens, Co E. Fifth Maine Infantry, Beloit, Kansas; < apt. 
Monroe Daggett, First Maine t avalry, and Eleventh Maine Infantry, St !\1a:i.s, Idaho; 
Reuel Thomas, Twentieth Maine infantry, Cambridge, Mass. ; Wellington C. Fr>_,st, First 
Maine Battery, Light Artillery, Perry, Maine; Lieut. George M. Bragg, Co F, Fourth 
Maine Infantry who was killed at (jettysburg, letters written in the field giving the en- 
vironments and atmosphere of a soldier as seen by him at the time. The necrology 
as given by C haplain Southard of the Maine Department G. A. R. for i893-'94 with 
many additions has also been crowded out, also a pleasant menn)rial ]H.em to the 
memory of Comrade George W. Lewis. 



N 



Lawyers' Loyal Legion. 

A\ ASSOCIATION FOR THE COLLECTION OF DEBTS AND INTER- 
CHANGE OF LE(;aI. liCSINESS. 

For terms of atlmission, fees and charj,'cs, address t ilky iV MacAliistcr, Managers, 
Rockland, Maine. 



Aiilmrn, Amir 
Ashland, Aro.i 
Aunu-'tH, KfniR'hec 
Alfreil, York 
Anson, Somerset 
Athen-, Somerset 

Haiipor, I'enolisoot 
Hath, Sa;,'ailalK)c 
Hfllast, Waldo 
H.'tlu'l, Oxford 
Hiddefonl, York 
l{iii;;hain, Soiiu-rsi-t 
Blaine, Aroostook 



fiHin rulsifor. A .M 

k Dunn, Fred (i 

Hla.iihanl, II F 

Donovan, John B 

Adam •, Benjamin 

yiolman, J F 

Mi chell, )I L 
Hutches, (Jeorjre E 
Brown, F W 
llerrifk, A E 
<;ould, .(esse 
Jordan, William B 
Sallonl, II W 
Boothiiav l£arl)or, Lincoln Kenni-ton, (1 B 
Bliiehill," Hancock Bunker. J E, Jr 

Bo\vdoinham,Sapidahoc Kof^ers. (irant 
Br.idford, I'enobscot ^Vent^vor^h, Thos H 
Brewer, I'enoliscot Huichins, .lasjier 

Bri.l^'eton,('umlierland AValker, AlUtEC 
Browntield, Oxfiird Frink J L 

Brim-wick, t'limlicrland Totter, Barrett 
lincklield, Oxford ]{rid<iliam, Thos S 

Biuk-i'orr, Hancock Fellows, O F 

liu.xton, York Amlirose, E C 

Blan<hard, riscatacjuis Packard, Cyrus A 
Brownville, Piscataquis Mcln;osli, M W 

Camden, Knox 
Calais, Wasliintrtou 
Canaan, Somerset 
Canton, Oxford 
Carillon, .Vroostook 
Casco, Cnmlierland 
Castine, Hanccok 
Cherrytield, Washington 
China", Kennebec 



Crawford, M T 
Hanson, (icor^e M 
Barrett, T B 
Swasev, J P A: J C 
Fletcher, B L 
Tolman, James H 
AVarrcn, (ieorfre ^I 
Cam]. bell, F I 
(ireeley, J H 
Clinton, Kennebec Martin, Forest ,1 

Coriniia, Penobscot "Wood, W I 

Corinth, East, Penobscot Haynes, Henry P 
Cornish, York I'erkins, Walter P 

Daniariscotta, Lincoln Hilton, Wm H 

Panforth, Washington Ilewes, B W 

Deer Isle, Hancock SpofTord, i;hner P 

Denmark, Oxford Davis, S G 

Dexter, PenobMcot Crosbv & Crosby 

Dixlield, Oxford Trask, J R 

Dover, Piscatacjuis Peaks, Jos B 

East Livermore, Androscoggin 

Whittemore, H C 
Eastport, Washington Mcl^irren, 1 G 

Eden, Hancock Peters. John A, Jr 

Eddington, Penobscot Merrill, A J 

Ellsworth, Hancock Burnham, J A 



Farmington, Franklin Belcher, S (f 

Fairtiehi, Somer.-et Weeks, George G 

Falmoiiiii. West, Cumberland 

Clillord, C E 
tariningdale, Kennebec Stilli.hen, A C 
rorc Fairfield, Aroostook 

Power-, Herbert T 
tort Kent, Aroostook Keegan F W 

F'oxcrott, Piscata<iuis Par.-7)ns| W E 

Freedom, Waldt) Keen, O H 

Freeiiort, Cumberland Mitchell 'f: W 

Fryeburg, Oxford Fife, Setli W 

(iardiner, Kennebec Clason O B 

(iorham, Cumberland ' 

, ,,, Waterman, John A, Jr 

(.onldsborough. Winter Harbor, Hancock 
,. .... , „. Tracy, Bedford E 

(.uilford, Piscataquis Hudson, Henry 

(iray, Cumberland Vinton, W H 



Hallowell, Kennebec 
Hampden, Penobscot 
Hanover, Oxford 
Harrison, Cumlierland 
llariland, Somerset 
Hersey, Aroostook 
Hiram, Oxford 
Hollis, York 
Jloulton, Aroostook 

Jay, Franklin 



Kennebunk, Y'ork 
Kingman, Penobscot 
Kitten,-, York 



Jewett, H L 

Mayo, H W' 

Putnam, Solon A 

Warren,, Jesse W 

Thompson, D E 

Smith, B L 

I'ike, J F 

Bradburv, H K 

Burleigh, I'arker C 

Thompson, Roscoe H 

Halev, A E 
Estes, .lere E 

SafTord, :Mo.se8 A 
Lebanon, York Jones, S W 

Lewiston, Androscoggin Knowlton, A K P 
Lew iston, Androscoggin Drew FM 

Liberty, Waldo Knowlton,' J W 

Limerick, York Higgins, Frank M 

Limington, York McArthur, William M 
Lincoln, I'enobscot Clark, Hugo 

Lisbon, Androscoggin Coolidge, H E 

Loyell, Oxford Hobbs, J F 

Lubec, Washington Gray, James H 

Machias, AVashington McFaul, A D 

Madison, Somerset Small, C O 

Manchester, Kennebec Farr, Loring 

Mechanic Falls, Androscoggin 

Purrington, F O 
Mercer, Somerset Croswell, H T 

Mexico, Oxford Tra.-*k, John R 

AHllbriilge, Washington Gray, H H 

Milo, Piscataquis Durgin, M L 



In corresponding with these attorneys please mention that you found their names here. 



Monmoutli, North, Kenin?l)e(; .IftVrcy. Jesse 
Montville, Waldo Uardet:, Jonathan 

Monson, IMsfataijiU:*, Si»ra^iie, J F 

Newiiort, reuoliscot Walker, Elliott 

New Vineyanl, Franklin Luce, K R 

Norrid^i'wock, Somerset 

Harrinjrron. Charles A 
North Herwiok, York Hohhs, Nathaniel 
Norway, Oxford Hoi , Charles E 

Oakland, KL-nnebec Field, George W 

Oldtown, I'enohscot Cushnian, (' A 

Orono, t'enolxi^ot Dnnn, CJ 

Oxford, Oxford Hazen, George 

Paris, Oxford Wright, Jame; S 

Parknian, l'isoata<iuis Harvey, K F 

Parsonstield, York Davis, G.dortie E 

Patten, I'enohscot Smith, Hertrain L 

Pembroke, Washington Smart, E K 

Philli'.s, Franklin Timberlake, F E 

Pitt>tield. Somerset llovey, Frank W 

Poland, Androscoggin Dunn, Daviil 

Porter, Ke7:ar Falls, Oxford Fox \- Davis 
Portland, Cumberland Libby ,S: Hill 

Portland, Cumberlaml Seiders i^- Chase 
Presque Isle, Aroostook Madigan, E 

Readfield, Kennebec Hcan \- Hean 

Richmond, Sa'^adahoc Hall. William T 

Roeklan I. Ivnox Cillcv v-V MauMlister 

Rockpor , Knox Uarrect, G H .M 

Rumfor 1, Oxford Swasey iV Swasey 

Scarborough, West, Cumberlan 1 

Houlton, Augu^tu- F 
Saco, York Hurbank. H H 

Sanford, Yor'^ Hanson, <leorge W 

Sebago, Cumberland Poor, E L 

Sherman, ShL-rman Mills, Aroostook 

Lewis. Daniel 
Skowhe^rin, S(nTierset Goodwin, Forest 
Somerville, Lincoln Soule, A L 



South Herwick, York Yeaton. George C 

S|iringfielil, Penobscot Rider, E C 

Solon. Somerset Brown, William R 

Stan li-ih, Cumberland Swasex , (Jeorge W 

St Albans, Somerset Stewart, 1) D 

Seuben, Wadiington Bytber. David B 
Stockton SpringsV Waldo " Small, Wm C 

SuUiian, Hancock Bovnton, Henry 

S;roag, Franklin Stulibs, Phillip H 

Tliomi-'ou. Knox Hewett. J H H 

Tojisliam. Sa'za lahoc Barron, (Jeorge 

Tremont. S W iIarl)or, Hancock 

Fuller, George R 



I'uion. Knox 
I'nitv, Waldo 



Thompson. R I 
Libby, James, Jr 



Van Buren, Aroostook Keegan, P C 

Yassalboro, East, Kennebec Priesr, H A 
Vinalhaven, Knox Walls, F S 

Waldoboro, Lincidn Castner, O D 

Washington, Knox Bliss, Hiram, Jr 

Waterville, Kennebec Boutelle, George K 
Webster, Sabattus, Androscoggin 

Hill.S L 
Wellington, Piscataquis Antlrews. Ezra 
Wells. York Tripis A K 

Westbrook, Cund)erland Tolman, J H 

Whitefield, North, Lincoln Partridge. R S 
Wi.idham, South, Cumberland 

Webb, Lindley M 
Wi;in, Penobscot E-tes,.T E 

Will-low, Ivennebec Paine, G S 

Wilrcm. Franklin Small. Bvron M 

Winrerport. Waldo Kelly. F W 

WiiKhrop, Kennebec Carlton. LT 

Wisca set, Lincoln Sewall, Rufus K 

Yarmouth, Ciunbcfland 

Freeman, Barnabus 
York Village, York Stewart, Johu C 



>-EW H.VMrSHIUE. 



Andover, Merrimack 
Ashland, (Jrafton 

Berlin Falls, Coos 
Bristol, Grafton 



Stone, George W 
Drew, Asa AV 

Twitchell iS: Libbv 
Chase, Ira A 

Claremont, Sullivan H(dt, Herman 

Colebrook, Coos Dudley, J H 

Concord. Merrima(-k Donovan, Daniel B 

Concord, :Merri mack Dudley, D F 

Conway, Carroll Wood, J C L 

Derrv, Rockingham Bartlett, G K 

Dover, Strafford Hall, Daniel 

Eiqiing, Rockingham Drury, W H 

Exeter, Rockingham Shute, Henry A 

Fitzwilliam, Cheshire Blake, Amos J 

Franklin, Merrimack Barnard, James E 

(iorham, Coos Twitchell \- Libby 

Great Falls, SrrafTord Russel vK: Boxer 

Greenville, Hillsborough Taft, H J 

Haverhill. (Jrafton Page, S B 

Hillsborough Bridge, Hillsborough 

Webber, Brooks K 
Hinsdale, Cheshire Temple, E .1 

Keenc, Cheshire Batclielder & Faulkner 

Owen, A S 
Mark, S C 



Lancaster. Coos Drew, Jordan & Buckley 
Lebanon, Grafton Dole, C A 

Littleton, (Jrafton 

Bingham, Mitchells & Batchellor 

Manchester, Hillsborough, Cage. John 

Meredith Village, Belknap Rollins. J W 
Millford, Hillsb(n-o Kendall, Edgar I 

Nashua, Hillsboro McKay, "William C 

New Ipswich, Hillsboro Preston, Wm A 
New Market, Rockingham Mellens, A L 
Newport, Sullivan Waite, A S 

North Conway, Carroll Osgood, Fred B 



Orford, (Jrafton 



Chapman & Lang 



liakejiort, Belknap 
Laconia, Belknap 



Penacook, ;Merrimack Dudley, David F 
Pet«M-borough, Hillsboro Clark, F (i 

Pittsfield, Merrimack, Lane, E A 

Plymouth, (Jrafton Burleigh & Adams 

Pdrtsmouth, Rockingham I'age, C 

Somersworth, Strafford Russell & I'.oyer 
Suncook, ^Merrimack Hazleton, Jonathan B 

Tilton, Belknap Fellows, W B 

Walpolo Cheshire I'.cllows, J G 

Wilton, Hillsboro Bales, (Jcorge E 

Winchester, Cheshire Brigham, H W 

Wolfboro, Carroll Abbott, Scwell W 

Woodsville, StralTord Smith \' Sloane 



In corresjionding with the.sc attorneys please mention that you found their names here. 




Maiok (",i;m:kai, ()i,i\i;k O. Howard 



THE MAINE BUGLE. 



Entered at the Pout Office, (tockland. Me., an Second- C'tasa Matter. 

Campaign I. July, 1894. Call ^ 



Its echoing notes your memories shall renew 
From sixty-one until the grand review. 



FUBLISHKU lIUAKTKkl.V, JANUARY, Al'RII,, JULY AND OCTOBKR, AND WILI, BE THE 

ORGAN Ul' rilK "MEN Ul" MAINE" WHO SERVED IN THE WAR UE THE 

REBELI.K)N. NO OTHER STAIE HAS A I'KiniDER RECORD. 

IT WILL CONTAIN THE PROCEEDINGS OK TllEHv 

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THAT SOCIEIY AND CON TRIKU IIONS FROM MEMBERS OK IHE \ ARIOUS 
REGIMENTS NORTH AND SOUTH WHICH I'ARITCII'ATED IN THE WAR OK THE REBELLION . 



PRICE ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. OR TWENTY-FIVE CENTS A CALL 



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Wrril GENERAL SHE A' J DAN. 201 



With Sheridan in Lee's Last Campaign. 



1;Y CUI.. I'KED C. NKWIIAI.L. 



Ihc last campaiLjn against Lcc may be said to have been 
inaugurated when General Sheridan started with his cavalry 
from Winchester, Virginia, on the 27th of February, 1865, with 
a sort of carte blanche of destruction as to the enemy's supply 
dei)ots and communications. The general's instructions looked 
to his crossing the James River above Richmond, and his pos- 
sible junction with the command of General Sherman some- 
where in North Carolina; but the swollen condition of the 
James and the destruction of the bridges prevented his crossing, 
and thus were thrown in his way opportunities for distinction 
which could scarcely have been waiting for him on the other 
side of Lee's army. It is not worth while though to speculate 
as to whether the last campaign of the Army of the Potomac 
would have proved so shar[), short, and decisive without the 
cavahy in advance and General Sheridan for a pioneer, and so 
it is useless to imagine in what way he and his cavalry could 
have won glory with Sherman. The events as we find them are 
so satisfactory that it is needless to resort to the solace of dis- 
satisfaction — speculations as to what might have been. 

General Sheridan's command on this expedition consisted of 
the first cavalry division, under Brevet Major-General Wesley 
Merritt, aiul the third cavalry division, under Brevet Major- 
General George A. Custer, to whose division was added one 
brigade of the cavalry of the old army of West Virginia, under 
Colonel Capehart. The story of their successful raid is not 
imjiortant here, except to follow their trail and see where they 
join the Army of the Potomac. They left Winchester on a 
damp, disagreeable morning, all the roads but the turnpike 
being almost impassable ; the huge blocks with which patrician 
wisdom had paved the old Virginia town were glib as glass, and 



202 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

one of the staff got a very bad fall with his horse, his own leg 
being broken and badly crushed against the enormous paving 
stones in iront of the headquarters. This drizzly promise of 
the morning was fulfilled, and rain fell heavily with the evening, 
drenching the command, swelling the streams, deepening the 
roads, etc., according to the manner of rains in Virginia. But 
the spirits of the bold dragoons were not dampened, and they 
felt lively enough to push on to Waynesborough to the camp 
of General Jubal Early, late of the Confederacy, upon whom 
the brilliant Custer fell with his division, and soon had his guns, 
and men, and materiel, and would have had him but that he 
had sufficient presence of mind to absent his person when he 
found how things were going. This was Early's last appearance 
in public life, and it seems that he did not cease to fly until he 
had crossed the ocean on wings of panic, and now takes heart 
of distance and tries to prove that he fought the campaign of 
the Shenandoah Valley, from first to last, with a few thousand 
less men than got into the hands of our provost marshal during 
some slight casualties that befell General Early in those days. 

Early's command at Waynesborough being now dispersed or 
captured, and the prisoners having been sent off to Winchester 
in charge of a trusty officer (Colonel Thompson of the First 
New Hampshire Cavalry) and a guard of some five hundred 
men, General Sheridan proceeded to occupy Charlottesville. 
The mayor brought out the keys and politely offered him the 
freedom of the city, which was accepted, and then a halt was 
called to await the transportation, for the rains had continued 
and the floods had come, but the wagons had not. Then on 
again toward Lynchburg and the James River; rapid detours 
being made in every direction by small parties striking at sup- 
plies and communications, and returning to the main column 
again in a boomerang sort of a way that was as confusing to 
the inhabitants and to the enemy as it was destructive of prop- 
erty. When it was found impossible to cross the James River, 
attention was for a while directed to the demolition of the James 
River and the Kanawha Canal, which Washington is said to 



WITH GENERAL SHERIDAN. 203 

have projected for the benefit of his native State. Here State 
interest had to give way for the common cause of the Union, 
and a modern patriot had to undo the work which the patriot 
of the olden time had pro[)Osed, because the State which the 
latter would have benefited had failed to follow some other 
good advice of his, more important to its prosperity than the 
James River Canal. In a patriotic way, then, this line of supply 
was completely interrupted, and its bed was so upturned that it 
hardly yet can lie there as of old. The River James, swollen 
with the high tide of rebellion and hurrying i)roudIy down to 
its capital, was turned aside in mid-career and made an unwill- 
ing agent in destroying its innocent offspring, and then escaping 
as quickly as possible from this compulsory infanticide it dashed 
over the canal's red banks again, bearing on its bosom the stains 
which told the inhabitants of Richmond of the dark deeds 
enacting about them, and giving them warning of coming events. 

When the ingenious destruction corps could devise no further 
damage here, the command turned off to try its hand upon a 
railroad or two. All the time the rains had descended — the 
flood-gates of the clouds were up and the water kept pouring 
through ; the roads became dreadful, horses sank almost to their 
bellies, and wagon-wheels revolved upon the hubs. Although 
nothing short of a flotilla seemed likely to ride out the storm, 
the cavalry rode on hopefully, and came safely to harbor at the 
White House, on the Pamunkey, where supplies were furnished 
them, and where the March winds blew them dry again. But 
so much mud had been bad for the [horses, and more than 
three thousand had fallen by the roadside, or, barely reaching 
camp, had to be turned over to the fostering care of the 
quartermaster's department, on account of that dreadful scald- 
ing which swells their legs as the elephantiasis sometimes does 
the limbs of human beings. 

Immediately upon his arrival at this depot. General Sheridan 
reported to General Grant, at City Point, for orders. The 
lieutenant-general must have been pleased to receive this dis- 
patch from his enterprising coadjutor, for had General Sheridan 



204 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

turned back from the impassable James and retraced his steps 
to Winchester, he could not have been blamed, and indeed it 
would probably have occurred to nobody to blame him, as 
nothing was then foreseen of what was to happen a little later. 
Mis meandering march, terminating at the White House, was 
the child of his own fertile imagination, not the offspring per- 
haps of a very clear idea in regard to what precisely would 
result from this " friendly move," but certainly the birth of a 
keen appreciation of the military status and a praiseworthy 
desire to place his command where it would be most available 
for the purposes for which he commanded it. Hy choosing this 
course he voluntarily forsook his large department of the Mitl- 
dle Military Division and put himself in the field at the head of 
two cavalry divisions, headquarters in the saddle, and, applying 
for a new situation, made no stipulations for himself, and no 
objection to going into the country. It was quite patriotic, to 
say the least of it, this eagerness to crush the unholy rebellion. 
When the cavalry had rested and refitted, and was ready to 
move, General Sheridan, leaving General Merritt to conduct the 
column from the White House to the James River, rode across 
the Peninsula and visited General Grant at City Point, where 
also he found President Lincoln, who had gone to be near the 
army in the last great effort for which all were preparing, and 
for an op[)ortunity of " communing with his captains of the 
war." The President was established on the bcautifid little 
steamer " Mary Martin," which had been tender (and no won- 
der) to a delightful party under charge of General Meade, 
whose pleasant visit had been cut short by a rude attack upon 
our lines. On the morning that the cavalry reached the James, 
Mr. Lincoln sailed up the river, in company with General Sher- 
idan and the lieutenant-general, to see our ccininiantl cross at 
the bridge below the Dutch Ga[) Canal. Looking from the 
window of the steamer's cabin, the President appeared like a 
man whose heart was sick with hope deferred, and full of anxiety 
for the coming campaign. Iwerybody felt afraid that Lee 
would steal awa}', for ever)- hour must ha\'e been full of ajjprc- 



WFTH GENERAf. SHERIDAN. 205 

hcnsioii for his line of retreat, while every moment he must 
have dreaded an overwhehiiint^ attack ujx)!! his front. Uehind 
him Sherman, whom nothing could stop, was closing in ; in 
front, Sheridan had been able to roam over Vir^i^inia and join 
the armies on the James, and nothing could be spared to hinder 
him; but, hopinc^ aL,^ainst liope, like sleepy (lies Lee's army saw 
the encircling web, and still stayed on to be entrapped. Seeing 
the troubles besetting Lee, all were alarmed lest he shoidd 
pocket his [:)ride, abandon the capital, postpone his evil da)-, 
and perhaps achieve some tem[)orary advantage by rapidly 
joining Johnston in North Carolina, with whom his communica- 
tions were still intact. 

It was tlie liope of the army, as well as of the President, that 
Lee's evil day should not be thus post[)oned, but that then and 
there, in Virginia, where the struggle had been begun and been 
most fiercely maintained, it should be terminated, so far as the 
Army of the Potomac and her allies on the James were con- 
cerned. The troops demanded this in the name of poetical 
justice, and all patriots desired it with intense craving. So long 
as Lee could be kept at Petersburg by stratagem or force, or 
by his own fool-hardiness, so long the people and the army 
could hope for a decisive and brilliant campaign, and hope 
would keep alive the enthusiasm which the chances of success 
inspired ; but if he should decamp, enthusiasm would give place 
to lassitude; again the desponding would see lions in the path ; 
Lee would find hosts of believers in the bragging assertion that 
if Richmond were captured he could wage war in the moun- 
tains for twenty years; and it would seem so much like the old, 
old story, that the stoutest would despair in contemplating the 
campaign that would ensue, — transports required to ship troops 
here, railroads to be repaired to supply them there, long 
marches, long halts, bad climate, bad roads, hard fighting, and 
hard luck ; then more men and more money. On the other 
hand, there reall\' seemed a j-)ros[)ect that Lee would be 
" bagged " for positively the last time, if he should remain until 
we could get read}' to move against him. Victory was almost 
within our grasp, and " victory's daughter " — Peace. 



206 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

" Longing for her, our spirits wilt 

Like shipwrecked men's, on rafts, for water. "" 

And so we almost trembled as the rumbling of the hoofs and 
the clanging of the sabers on the bridge were echoed by the 
up-river hills, for we feared the reverberation might reach the 
ears of Lee and wake him from his trance, and start him up 
crying for his horse. He slept well through it all though, and 
we camped that night on the wind}- south bank of the James. 

Next morning, March 27th, we were off bright and early for 
the left flank of the Army of the Potomac, where we found our 
old friends of Gregg's cavalry division from whom we had 
parted when ordered to the Shenandoah Valley with the other 
two divisions of the corps ; but we missed the golden beard of 
the imperturbable General Gregg, who had so admirably com- 
manded this superb division, and who, for some pressing private 
reasons, had now resigned from the army. On the day of our 
arrival. General Crook assumed command of the division, and 
reported to General Sheridan, thus reuniting the old cavalry 
corps under its most famous commander. 

Before starting again on the war-path, it may not be amiss to 
say a few words in regard to the cavalry as it stood at this time 
in the estimation of the army and of the country, and of the 
steps by which it was brought into favor, if only as a poor trib- 
ute to the memory of a gallant few, who, ardently seeking to 
distinguish their arm of the service, lost their lives before it had 
gained its best rei)ute. 

It was quite the thing early in the war to sneer at mounted 
troops. A distinguished major-general is said to have asked, 
after an engagement, if anybody had seen a dead cavalryman ; 
and very likely nobody had, for in those primitive days the 
major-generals themselves had not the least idea of how to go 
to work to get cavalry killed, and when an}' did fall they fell 
through a laudable desire to do something for the country and 
for their own reputation, and not because the\' had been ordered 
to do anything hazardous. For a long while the)' had no united 
organization ; on the Peninsula, under McClellan, nobody in 



WITH GENERAL SHERIDAN. 207 

particular commanded the cavalry: General Stoncman had 
some, General P. St. George Cook had considerable, General 
Averell had a little, and the corps commanders had each a sup- 
ply ; and thus it happened that we were all confused and help- 
less when- General Stuart made his raid with the muscular 
Prussian who wrote for Blackwood's Magaciue, and a few other 
troops taken for the [)urpose of admiring the Prussian's prowess ; 
we presented the lamentable spectacle in our command of graz- 
ing our horses in the finest clover, in an open country, in broad 
daylight, while Stuart rode by within a mile or two, the Prussian 
brandishing his thirsty blade, to which, by all accounts, Kxcal- 
ibur was a poor affair. After they had put many miles between 
us, one brigade went tumbling after them as far as Tunstall's 
Station, and thence one regiment was sent in pursuit, with 
orders to inflict such damage upon the enemy, when overtaken, 
as should warn him against attempting a second time to circum- 
vent the Army of the Potomac. If this lone regiment had 
overtaken the raiders, it is horrible to dwell upon the certain 
results; and it is some compensation for our disgraceful per- 
formances as a body, that, as individuals, we escaped from the 
Prussian, for he would have broken us in pieces as his ancestors 
the Kaisers broke horseshoes with their fists, as witness the 
shattered fragments in the Green Vaults at Dresden ; but we 
escaped that fate, and went slowly back to camp, and still 
struggled on in the unequal conflict. 

In the great engagements of the seven days the cavalrx' did 
nothing of signal service. One regiment charged gallantly at 
the battle of Gaines's Mills, only to be scattered and liroken 
against the solid lines of the enemy's infantry, who no more 
regarded this feeble onset than the rocks give way before the 
washing of the surf; General Stoneman, with a portion of the 
cavalry, was cut off from the main body of the arm}', and was 
ordered by I^'itz John Porter, from Gaines's Mills, to make his 
waj' to Yorktown, and thence rejoin the army as circumstances 
should permit. And this movement incidentally was of service 
in leading astray the enemy under Jackson, whose infantry 



208 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

followed Stoncman's column as far as the hills overlooking the 
White House, whence they retraced their steps to pursue 
McClcllan across the Chickahoiiiiny ; but the credit to the 
cavalry would have been greater if this result had been 
designed. 

In the Maryland campaign General Pleasonton had a couple 
of good brigades, and was energetic and successful in pushing 
after the enemy toward the Antietam ; but during the great 
battle nothing aggressive was attempted by his cavalry, unless 
it was the gallop across the bridge on the Sharpsburg Pike, 
under a galling artillery fire, and driving away the enemy's 
guns. After that was done, the troopers went into position 
along the creek, and sat upon their horses, under shelter 
of some rising ground, until the sun went down, all kinds 
of missiles humming over them all day almost harmlessly. 

After the battle, the scattering process was again resorted to, 
and Stuart was again tempted to try a raid round our arm)'. 
It is true that he accomplished very little besides the ruin of his 
own horses. He was like the wind on a frolic, which did great 
damage to "old women's bonnets and ginger-bread stalls," but 
he did not much affect the prospects of the war, and did not 
drive the Northern army from the field. The ignominy, how- 
ever, was none the less on this account when we discovered 
that no cavalry could be concentrated to intercept him. 

On the whole, though, the mounted troops must have raised 
themselves a peg in this campaign, for we find General McClellan 
unable to move across the Potomac for want of them ; and it is 
a fact that they were in a very bad way just then, b}' reason 
of a terrible disease of the hoof, which affected the horses — 
a disease brought about by bad feed, turnpike dust, overheating, 
and many other causes, perhaps guessed at by everybod}' ; but 
the malady was remedied by none until it had run its course. 

After crossing the Potomac, the cavalry, under Generals 
Pleasonton and Avercll, took the advance very creditably, 
alwaj's cncount(Ming the enemy's cavalr)' successful!)-, and 
never calling upon our infantry for support. 



WlTir GENERAL SHERIDAN. 209 

At FrcdcricksbuiL,^ there was no use for horsemen, and very 
few crossed tlie Rapi)ahannock chirini^ the eni^at^enient. General 
l^ayard niatle a reconnoissance with his I)ri!^ade on the jjlains 
where hVankhn was, on the left, but he could do no f^ood where 
the enemy could sec his every movement and he could see no 
enemy ; and, after this gallant young general was killed, the 
brigade was withdrawn to the north bank of the ri\'er. 

After Fredericksburg, General Hooker lifted the cavalry over 
the stile by consolidating it. A cavalry corps was formed, and 
General Stoncman was assigned to the command ; and then for 
the first time it was realized what a capital mounted force there 
was. Superb regiments seemed to creep out of every defile 
within the lines of the army. Three divisions were organized 
under Generals IMcasonton, Averell, and Gregg, and General 
Huford commanded the brigade of regulars. When President 
Lincoln came down to the army for a grand review, nobody 
was more astonished than the trof)ps themselves when they 
saw the face of the country swarm with cavalry, and apparently 
an endless stream of horsemen pouring from every avenue 
leading to the parade-ground. The enemy, regarding the 
magnificent mass from the heights of St. Marie across the 
river, must have felt a slight reaction from the victorious glow 
of h'redericksburg, seeing that the Yankees were not all 
dead }et. 

Averell's division made a very handsome dash across Kelly's 
Ford on St. Patrick's day, and then came Stoneman's raid, and 
Chancellorsville. Success at the great battle was nccessar\' to 
Stoneman's success ; failure at the battle rendered .Stoncinan's 
best efforts futile; for he was dispatched to the rear of Lee 
to annoy him as he retreated, to destroy his communications, to 
block up the roads, to get bc^twc n the beaten eneni}- antl his 
capital, and, in the words of the ortlers given General .Stone- 
man, to " fight, fight, fight." Cutting loose from the arm\-, he 
followed his instructions as well as he could; but the otlur pro- 
gramme as laitl down was not enlircl)' executed, owing to unfore- 
seen circumstances, and in a week or more General Stoncman 



210 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

found himself many miles from his friends, and could get no 
tidings of the defeated enemy. Then he had to get back the 
best way he could, in the most drenching weather, and over the 
most frightful roads. On his safe return, patriotic efforts were 
made to cheer up the desponding people with glowing stories 
of his achievements ; the illustrated papers had him depicted 
on a fiery charger, with his scabbard on the wrong side, point- 
ing with his sword at miles of railroad bridges wrapped in flame, 
and correspondents exhausted imagination in describing the 
ruin he had scattered broadcast. Shrewd Mr. Lincoln, however, 
saw that the raid was not a crushing blow to the rebellion, and 
had his little joke over it, sadly enough, no doubt, though it is 
probable that he did not fully comprehend how fatal to the suc- 
cess of Stoneman had been the failure at Chancellorsville. 

After Chancellorsville, there was a good deal of bad blood in 
military quarters ; great promise had been followed by but 
small fulfillment, and scapegoats were needed on whom to 
fasten blunders. Generals Stoneman and Averell figured in that 
capacity, and General IMcasanton succeeded to the command of 
the corps. At this time it was known that Stuart was getting 
ready his cavalry for a great raid into Pennsylvania, and his 
camp near Brandy Station was busy with preparation ; so Gen- 
eral rieasanton, on the 9th of June, 1863, went across the Rap- 
pahannock to look for a fight in which to cripple the enemy's 
horse and send them into hosi)ital for repairs. This was suc- 
cessfully accomplished ; from daj'light to sunset the champion- 
ship was hotly contesteil by the rival troopers, ami our men 
won the belt, and held it against all comers from that time. 
The seeker for disabled cavalrymen could have found one thou- 
sand one hundred killed and wounded of ours on that stricken 

plain, — 

"And the slooil with broken rein ran free." 

Stuart staggered under the shock, and thereby failed in his whole 
campaign ; for he was so late in starting that we got across his 
path at Aldic, when he was bound for the Potomac at lulward's 
l''err)-, ten days later, and General IMcasanton pressed him back 



WITH GENERAL SHERIDAN. 211 

to Middlcburg. and drove him through Uppcrvillc to Ashby's 
Gap — a i^lorioiis serious of engagements for our cavalry — and 
wc bottled him up in the valley until we had no object in keej)- 
ing him there longer. When he got out he was much tocj late 
to do any harm, as we had got over the Potomac first; and 
General Lee's report of the Gettysburg campaign proves how 
useless to him was his mounted force. 

At Frederick City a new division joined the corjjs, antl was 
put under (xeneral Kilpatrick, with I-'arnsworth and Custer for 
brigade commanders. This division ran foul of Stuart in llan- 
overtown, Pennsylvania, and had a handsome little fight, while 
General Ikiford with his commantl, in advance of (ieneral Rey- 
nolds' corps, opened the ball at Gettysburg, and is enlitletl to 
the highest praise for his very distinguished services on that 
occasion. During the great battle of the two succeeding days 
the cavalry on both flanks fought hard, Gregg (;n the right 
repulsing Stuart's fierce assault, made with the lio[)e t)f reaching 
our rear, and Kili)atrick and Merritt on the left charging the 
enemy's infantry, and keeping a large force busy there. .Vfter 
the battle, there were raids on wagon trains and dashes at the 
rebel rear-guard. 

The cavalry was now an acknowledged element, and there 
never was any trouble in finding enough for it to do; and tiie 
mounted men were beginning to earn their rations, and enjoy 
a night's rest when they could get it. They could hold up their 
heads among their fellow-soldiers of the other arms of the serv- 
ice, for they now swept the roads clear for the infantry march 
and only drew off to the flanks when general engagements were 
to the fore, and then kept their three-inch rifled guns and their 
carbines rattling away against the ribs of the enemy's lines, get- 
ting their own saddles emptietl, antl filling the fields with dead 
nd wounded enough to satisfy anybody. 

It is not necessary to follow them through the brilliant 
encounters of this fall in Culpepper County, in the retreat to 
Centreville, and back again to the Rapidan and Mine Run, or 
through the hard picketing of the cold, wet winter, when they 



212 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

did ail anion lit of work that nobody can appreciate by a home 
fireside. 

In the spring General PIcasanton was relieved of command, 
together with otiier generals of the Army of the Potomac who 
were supposed not to pull kindly with General Meade, and 
General Sheridan assumed command of the cavalry corps. 
Kilpatrick, who had made a hard an .1 unsuccessful raid during 
the winter, went to the West at tliis time and was succeeded by 
General Wilson. The brave and brilliant General l>uR)rd had 
died in the fall, and, among many others, those gallant officers 
Colonel V>. V. (Grimes) Davis and General P^arnsworth had 
given up their lives in hand-to-hand encounters at the head of 
their brigades. General Torbert now commanded the first divi- 
sion, and General Gregg still retained the second. General 
Sheridan immediately brought the cavalry into still greater favtjr 
by his engagements in the Wilderness and fighting raid to the 
James River, in which General Stuart was killed at Yellow 
Tavern. Some of the best-contested cavalry battles of the v.'ar 
foilcnved his return, Gregg at Hawes's Shop, and Torbert at Cold 
Ilaibor, winning the admiration of the army. 

Then came the long ride to Trevilian Station and back, and 
the sharp fighting there. 

Wilson's raid toward Danville was a failure in soiiu: respects, 
but General Grant sa}'s the damage indicted u[)on the enem\''s 
railroads com[)ensated for his own losses. 

At Deep Bottom, on the James, we achieved a great success, 
lighting infantry as at Cold Harbor; and all this time most of 
the engagements had been fought dismounted. " I'iei)are to 
fight on foot ! " was the usual order after a little skirmishing had 
developed the enemy, and the horses hardly knew anything of 
the battles, while their riders were following the flag through 
swamps and brakes and virgin forest, — not legitimate work for 
mounted troops, perhaps, but a good nursery for soldiers; it 
inured them to li,u-(lshi[)s, and taught tiicni that their dut\- was 
to fight the eneni)' wherever found ; that if the rebellion was 
not to be ridden down, it must be trampled under foot; and 



WITH GENERAL SHERIDAN. 213 

tlic cavalry, with patience, i^allantry, antl devolioii, follouid this 
teacliiiiLj, ami reiulered themselves ca[)abie of prohtiiii; by the 
Ljlorious opportunities which later cainpaii^iis afforded. 

We now found that Grey;t^'s excellent divisicMi — althouj^di 
envying the i^ood fortune of their old comrades who had been 
pluckiiiL; laurels on Ixuseback in the battles of the Shenandoah 
Valley — had increased the reputation ot the cavalry in some 
des})erate enL;ai!;ements, dismounted, in the woods at Deep IkH- 
tom ami on the Hoydton I'lank Road; and so, when the old 
corps was reunited, its blended honors were not surpassed in 
any corps (_)f the army. 

Now the troo[)s were spoken of always with respect, often 
with atlmiration. They had shown themseK'es the peers of the 
best of the infantry side by side with them on hard-fouL;ht fields, 
and artillery asked no better support. They had been tried in 
every jihase of warfare, and never been found wantin;j;. Their 
tlepleted ranks hatl been filled with the best of xolunleers — 
ilrafted men and substitutes beinj^ seldom put into cavalry — and 
the new men cjuickly fell into the old men's wa)'s and l)oldly 
followed their file-leaders into battle. The whole cor[)s was 
animated by the best spirit, an.Kious for victory and willin;^ to <go 
throui;h anythinij to secure it; self-reliant, and believini^ in their 
commanders, they expected success, and would not be denied 
wherever it was possible. 






214 THE MAINE BUGLE. 



Reminiscences of Prison Life and Escape. 

\^L'onliiiui:J.\ 
1!Y EKASTUS DOliLK, Co. 1;, KlGIIIll MAINK. 

One day as I was going out after wood, a man came to the 
North gate and called "Sergeant of the (}ate ! Sergeant of the 
(lale !" We had just got outside but looked around and saw 
the man as the rebel opened the little gate. He was covered 
with blood, his clothes were nearly torn off from him, Jmd 
blood was running out of his shoes. The sergeant of the gate 
cried out, "For God's sake, what's the luatterwith you? Come 
out here." 

The man came and his story was this. I lis shebang was 
!Kar where the robbers lived but he had always intimidated 
them and kept them off by threats of his sheath knife, being a 
man of jjowerful frame. Today he took a little nap in broad 
daylight, thinking the thieves would not dare to trouble him, 
but was awakened by them just in time to catch them in the 
act of taking his shelter tent and cooking tools and all he 
possessed. lie up and at 'cm, thinking he ct)uld rescue his 
property, but they closed around him and stabbed him several 
times and finally one of them knocked him on the head with a 
club. When he regained consciousness he was lying on the 
ground, his property was gone, and it was all cjuiet around him. 
lie got up, reeled along to the gate and there we saw him. 

The rebel said in answer to him, "You're all fools to let a few 
men rob you and butcher you so! Why don't you kill 'em at 
once? we won't interfere with you! Here you men in there, 
turn out and hunt the robbers down ! Kill 'cm jes as fast as 
ye come to 'em !" 

Just then our guards called to' us, "Come if ye want wood," 
and that is the last I ever saw or heard of the wounded man 
who made the complaint. We got our wood, and as wc came 



PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE. 215 

back there was a wild commotion in the i)rison. Our guards 
slopped with us and we looked on. We iiad a good view and 
could see a squad of men, undoubtedly Sergeant Kocy at the 
head, rush up to a suspected shanty and in a minute it would be 
torn to [jieces, a fight would ensue, then the inmates would be 
marched to a place near the North gate, passed out and taken 
in charge by the rebels. When we got in we found a band of 
regulators had been organized, and I think they arrested twenty- 
six men. These twenty-six were taken outside of the gate and 
every one who had been robbed had a chance to go out and 
identify the robbers if they could. Six were charged with 
murdering their fellow prisoners. The remaining twenty were 
undoubtedly guilty of stealing and helping the robbers gener- 
ally, but we could not act very nice or exact. The sergeant 
of the gate opened his little door through the gate and shouted, 
"The scamps are going to be let in, and you are fools if you 
tlon't knock 'em down and kill 'em right now ! They're go'n 
ter be let in, one at a time; now form along there wi' ycr 
clubs 'n give it to them ! Here goes one! Guard, put the 
bayonet right through him if he don't go in!" 

Many men are brutal naturally. In this case we had been 
entirely without law; might was all the right known. The men 
were enraged at the rt)bbers and murderers; many had been 
brutally pounded by them ; and so you see there was very little 
sympathy for them. The rebels drove them in with their 
bayonets, one at a time, and I tell you, they did run till they 
were hit; then such yells of rage, such curses from both sides. 
It was a horrid sight. Several were knocked down and 
pounded all out of shape of humanity, others escaped with 
broken arms or shoulders and bruised heads. It was horrible, 
but we felt they were greater villains than common criminals, 
and I confess I did not experience any pity Un them. The six 
who were keyjt, we were told, had a regular trial for murder 
before a court selected from among the prisoners — ^judge, jury 
and lawyers, with witnesses. 

Near or under the tents where these men camped before 
arrested three or four mutilated corpses were dug up. They 



216 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

were found guilty and sentenced to be hunt; in, I think, four 
weeks, which was the 1 1 th day of July, 1864. The time rolled 
around and the niorninj; of the execution arrived. The roll call 
sersi^eant said that niornini;, "De cap'n says you fellers are to 
hang dem scamps ter day, 'n he says if you try to make a 
break he goin' ter open de batteries on yer, 'n he says he'll shell 
yer jes 's long der 's a lim kickin'." Immediately after rcjll 
call some paroled men came in and erected a gallows. It was 
exactly like the frame you often see over a gateway. A plat- 
form was put up for the doomed men to stand on with props to 
kick out for a trap or fall. Soon we saw over on the hill a 
small squad of men moving towards the North gate so slowly 
it was difficult to tell whether they moved at all or not. These, 
the guards told us, were the doomed murderers and the rebel 
guard escorting them. They were so manacled and chained 
together they could only move about two inches at a step. 

Sergeant Mch^lroy has given you a correct account of the 
hanging. Captain Wirtz rode through the gale with the 
prisoners' prisoners, had the fetters removed from them and 
delivered them to a s(jiiad of "regulators" uniler command 
of Limber Jim. 'ihen the rebels all withdrew to the outside 
of the gate and it was left for our vigilance committee to 
perform the closing scene in the drama. The rebel forces were 
all under arms and the batteries were manned and quite a lot 
of spectators were outside to see the " Yanks hang the Yanks." 

As the policemen formed around the murderers, one of them 
leaped out of the crowd like a tiger, aiul ran through the crowd 
and over tents down to the brook and across, but there was an 
angry merciless crowd ready with clubs to receive him. I shall 
never forget the despairing shriek he uttered as he tore olT his 
old jacket while in the water ankle deej). He yelled, "() ! my 
mother!" and gave himself up to a party who seized him and 
bound his hands behind him, and matched him back to the 
gallc)ws. On the way back I heard such expressions as these: 
"You'll never kill anybody again !" "You'll be in hell in a few 
minutes now!" "Thought you could do just as you was a 



PK/SOAr LII'E AND ESCAPE. 217 

iiiiiul to licrc, didn't yc? " "Hit liini, hit him!" "You've got 
to be llUNc;! d'ye know it?" "Justice at last ole feller! 
You've got ter come in the ring bolt now !" 

Taking the whole scene togetiier, the miserable prison, the 
ragged, hungry looking crowd, their faces grim and stern — 
many of them forgetting that it is not brave to strike a man 
when he is down — the angry taunts showered on the miserable 
wretches, one can imagine how horrible the death awaiting the 
wretches seemed to them. They were driven up the scaffold, 
their arms and legs were tied tight, the cords nearly cut through 
the skin, caps made of meal sacks were drawn over their heads, 
prayer by the catholic priest, then "Limber Jim" kicked away 
the l)rop and they fell ! One big, burly fellow's rope broke 
and he fell on the ground. The cap was snatched from his 
head and he gazed at the five dangling, whirling, vvriggling 
wretches and saw them die, and then a shout went up from 
some of his friends in the crowd, "Let him go, he is innocent; 
that rope wouldn't a broke if he hadn't been." Limber Jim's 
voice rang out clear abt)ve the din, "No, he shall swing with 
the rest! get up!" and they drove him up and hung him over 
again. They were cut down and carried out, and in a few 
days the gallows was taken down and piled up near the North 
gate just over the dead line, and everything went on as before 
except we kept our vigilance committee and maintained a sort 
of law and order organization. 

The street running into the prison from the South gate was 
by common consent our market street. It was there one could 
exchange his raw corn meal for a small piece of corn bread or 
trade any small bit of jewelry for bread or bacon. It was 
there we sold taffy, or anything exchangeable. You would 
hear such cries as these drawled out in a discouraged sing-song 
tone, "Who will buy my taffy?" "Who'll buy the corn 
dodger, ten cents a cut?" "Who'll give a drink of water for a 
chew of tobacco?" This was just as important a market to us 
as any city market to its citizens. 

Did I say anything about being lousy? Well, I will. We 
were very lousy. Perhaps some of you think you know what 



218 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

that means, but I iinist tell you vou don't! I am not able 
with my limited knowledi;e of the lui^lisli laiv^uat^^e to tell you 
so you will understand it; I will say I have seen llicm on the 
ground anywhere in the prison almost as thick as the grains 
of sand, and they were, oh, so hungry. We killed them with 
our thumb nails until the aforesaid nails were too slip[)er}', then 
wc scoured our nails off with sand and at 'em again. 

Our rations were various; sometimes wc would get bread 
and a little piece of bacon about enough for a light lunch for a 
hungry man, and that was a day's rations. Sometimes it would 
be a little raw meal and boiled beef fresh, and sometimes it 
would be raw beef; sometimes a teaspoonful of salt would be 
given us to go with the beef. Salt was scarce always and 
would bring a dollar per tablespoonful. Sometimes we would 
get a little sorghum syrup. That was greedily bought up by 
the taffy makers and boiled down, made into sticks, and sold on 
the street. Occasionally I used to indulge my taste for hu.xter- 
ing by baking my ration of meal into bread and peddling it on 
the street. At such times I used to get sometimes a gutta 
percha ring and sometimes a brass one, and sometimes one 
thing and sometimes another, for a piece of bread, and then 
would come the fun of selling the guards. Polish u[) the brass 
ring and it would readily sell to the green Johnnies for gold 
and bring a good price too. Our mess had many a luncli 
bought in that way. 

There was no time that camp rumor did not have a day set 
when we were all to be exchanged ox i)arolcd, and I think that 
kept a good many men alive, for when hope was dead the 
breath did not stay much longer. I always had strong notions 
of trying to escape and to that end prepared myself with a 
pocket compass which I found a fellow i)risoner had. Then I 
went for tunnels. I was soon known to many of the prisoners 
as the man who had a compass and was most always invited to 
to join the tunnel enterprises. 

One day two men came to me and said they were going out 
through a tunnel the next morning and invited me to help 



PA'/SON LIFE AND ESCAPE. 219 

finish their tunnel. I agreed ; I always believed in trying all 
such jsnterprises because they kept niy mind employed and 
afforded some hope. They showed me into their tent, down 
close by the brook, and pointing to a hole which was full 
of water told me this was their tunnel. They then proceeded 
to hail it out and one of tlu:m crawled into it to work. He was 
armed with an old knife and a half canteen and drew an old 
leather sack in with him to put tlirt in. We kept dipping the 
water out continually and it was cold as spring water. This 
tunnel was not over two and a half feet below the surface. 
Their idea was to dig till they struck the stockade then go 
under them and break out the other side, close to them. They 
said if we waited to dig deep and go too far we should be 
discovered and we woidd work quick and get through before 
we were suspected. I soon took my turn in the miserable mud 
hole. I worked with a will for it was so cold it nearly chilled 
one to death. I soon came plump against a pitch pine's stump 
roots and that ended that enter[)rise, but for misery and discom- 
fort it was the worst I ever tried. 

Ne.\t I was invited to join a party who had been digging a 
big deep well. I did so and found they dug well by daylight 
and tunnel by night. They had dug their well about forty 
feet deep and at a depth of about twenty-five feet struck a 
tunnel or "gopher hole." I worked in that by taking turns 
with several others for nearly a week and one night after we 
had dug forty-seven feet towards liberty wc dug upwards and 
that night we got u[) six feet, I think. The ne.xt day it was 
discovered and a trench dug from the surface down to the 
gopher hole, and that finished it. 

It may be interesting to you to know how men could dig 
deep wells without tools. We were mostly Yankees and could 
finrl a way somehow. We would make strings of bootlegs and 
ever}thing else we could make strings of, tie them together and 
lower a man down by it to the bottom of the well ; then he 
would attach that to an old haversack or something like it and 
nil it with dirt dug up with pointed sticks or a knife and scooped 



220 THE MAIf^E BUGLE. 

up with his hands; this would be drawn up and emptied and 
lowered attain. You know we had plenty of time and if it was 
slow Work we kept at it ; 'twas better than sitting or lying 
gnawing at our own heartstrings. 

Bye and bye an order came for -^^everal detachments to be 
ready to go out in the morning to be exchanged ! What an 
excitement ! we could almost taste the good hard-tack we used 
to have in God's country, we could almost smell the coffee. 
Wc sat round our tents and told what good things we would be 
enjoying a week hence till late in the night, and then slept and 
dreamed of fried hard bread and coffee and big rations of 
everything. In the morning my friend Rideout went to his 
detachment and I bade him good-by and sent lots of words to 
my folks at home. Poor fellow, he had a despondent nature 
and when he found it was all a heartless rebel lie about 
exchange and that he must stay yet a little longer in rebel 
prisons, his health failed and he died in Florence Prison where 
his detachment was sent. The prisoners were taken out as fast 
as transportation could be furnished to carry them, for a week, 
and that thinned out the prison considerably. Our detachment 
camped near the North gate to await our turn. There I was 
taken sick and for four days I could not rest in any position. 
It rained and was cold. October had set in, and I was wet and 
chilled to my marrow. We got the old gallows out and split it 
up and burned it and got some warmth from that. I have seen 
advertisement several times of parties who offered to sell pieces 
of that gallows to any one who would send so much money, 
but I, having helped to burn the machine, did not invest. 

We were soon taken out and loaded a train with ourselves, 
sixty men in a common freight car, and started towards Macon. 
It was dark when we went aboard. We started at a fearful rate 
of speed and soon our car began to jolt and in a minute 
broke in two and tipped up sidcwise and stopped. Then 
there was excitement. Our engine had left the track while in 
a cut and running against the bank stopped, and the cars 
smashed up behind it. None of our eight were injuretl h\\\. as 



PRISON LIFE AND KSCA/'E. ±21 

I stepped tlirouL^h the bottom of our car I heard my name 
called from under the car next in rear of us. ()n examination 
we found Serjeant Mcl'^irland and Corporal Joe Downcsof Co. 
G, of our regiment, under that car. I called tiie boys and 
enough of us took hold of the car to lift that cm\ of it so we 
I)ulled the i)oor fellows out and carried them out of the wa)- of 
the wreck, gave tiiem some water and went back to try to 
recover our property, such as old black tin dip|)ers, ragged 
blankets, wooden spoons and troughs we had made to cat out 
of. Two rebels who were on top of our car were killed 
instanti)', flattened right out. Sandy McL. got their hats and 
wore one and gave the other to Ilagan of the Ninth Maine. 
Mcl^'arland soon became delirious and called me and 1 went to 
him antl found the rebels had tied his hands behind his back 
and tied his feet together, and he was frothing at the mouth 
antl raving crazy. I sternl)- told him to be still and I would 
untie him. He gave up right off, and I cut the strings, and 
gave him water and staid with him till some wagons came down 
from the station to carr)- off the killed and wounded. Me 
seemed ([uite easy then onl)' he suffered with the cold. I 
helped put him into a wagon and gave him all the blanket I 
had and the rebels carried him back to the Andersonville 
hospital. I have never been able to hear from him since, 
although I got roundly cussed for letting my only blanket go 
by the rest of my mess. As soon as possible after the train 
ran off Dave Cheeks and Jim Turner with their hounds came 
down to helj) the rebels guard us. 

In the accident the fireman, a big negro, fell off the tender 
and was caught and held under it; a jiart of the tender, resting 
on his stomach with the track under him, luld him. lie was in 
awful agony and screamed and cried for help, but no one could 
help him. The tender was heavy and could not be moved 
without some strong purchase like jackscrews or levers. It was 
dark and no pry was at hand. ( )ne rebel said " that nigger 
would have to go for it, and lie was worth thirteen or fourteen 
hundred dollars too, but then he's probably hurt so he ain't 



222 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

worth savin'." lie lived till nearly mornincj, alternately pray- 
ing and c^roaning. I tell you it was slavery that made the people 
of the South so barbarous. And do we not feel a thrill of 
exultation when we remember that we, who wore the blue, 
helped to destroy it? I do. After daylight we were marched 
back into the same old stockade where we waited about two 
weeks, as near as I can remember, and then were taken out and 
sent to Savannah. We got there just after dark and were 
marched through the streets to a board stockade close to the 
old Spanish jail. On our way we heard a little girl some eight 
years old sing "The Bonny Blue Flag." How pretty her voice, 
how we thought of home and thought we'd soon be there. 
How little we knew what was in store for us and that many long 
weary months of starvation lay between us and God's country. 

During our stay here, which was I think four or six weeks, 
our rations were good for rebel rations. We had rice meal, 
salt, fresh beef from the city market and good water. We 
could hear the sunrise and sunset guns at Fort Pulaski and 
Hilton Head, fired under the old flag, " God's flag," a good 
many of the boys called it. Oh, how I wanted to escape while 
we were there. It seemed as if 1 could only get out in the 
night I could alsiost swim down to Fort Pulaski, about fifteen 
miles, or I might get a dugout. Ikit there was no opportunit)- 
whatever. We were carried back to iMillen Junction and put 
into a large new stockade with plenty of wood and large clear 
brook of good water running through it. But our rations grew 
smaller and smaller till it seemed as though we should starve to 
death. I was hungry as only a prisoner can understand. 

Now I must go back a little. When you see our beautiful 
flag's bright folds waving over us the T'ourth of Jidy I some- 
times wonder if anybody but one of us, can think how good 
and how beautiful it looks. The Fourth of Jidy, i S64, I was 
obliged to look on the rebel flag and it did seem hard to have 
the day pass and not sec the Flag of our Country at all. 1 tell 
you it made my heart ache. It was the bluest day I saw during 
ni}' imprisonment. () how we hated that emblem of slavery; 



PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE. 223 

<lncl rit^lit here I'll say vvc learned anew how to hate rebel treat- 
ment ; and above all we did hate and despise the Northern 
Copperhead, and to tell the truth I don't think our love for 
them has gained much in all these years down to 1894. We've 
sugarcoated them and greased them but the}' won't go down 
and it's no use. An open enemy, squarely fighting for what he 
thinks is right and putting himself in range of your bullet, may 
be forgiven, but the rule won't work worth a cent when you 
try to apply it to one who is too cowardly to go and fight on 
either side but gives aid and comfort to the enemy by discour- 
aging enlistments and helping deserters. We were generally in 
a first-class mood for hating, anyway. 

Sergeant MchLlroy has told you the death rate at Anderson- 
ville was from one hundred to one hundred and twenty-five per 
day. A great many people ask me if it really was as bad as 
McElroy says. I answer, the English language will have to be 
improved a good deal before it is capable of conve)'ing to }'our 
minds more than a faint idea of the suffering that was endured 
in the rebel prisons for the sake of the flag and country. There 
was an opportunity to go out and work for the rebels or enlist 
in their ranks almost every day and thus get enough to cat and 
save our lives. But very few would do it. I have no unkind 
words or thoughts for those who did so. Most of us could 
not i^ossibly make up our minds to do it. It would ha\'e 
seemed like assassinating our own mothers. And then we 
hated them so, the idea of taking an oath of allegiance to that 
rebel government, it was too revolting. If Jeff Davis had 
been captured by an old Andersonville prisoner he would not 
have been speaking and writing about the "Lost Cause." He 
would probably have got a taste of the mercy he showed us 
when he turned us over to the care of John A. Winder and 
Henry VVirtz. 

We staid in the Millcn Junction prison a short time, suffer- 
ing greatly from cold. The hospital was near the prison gate. 
Its roof was the sk)' and its cots and floor were the ground. 
The sick, who had no friends to take care of them, were carried 



2-24 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

over there, and I think a rebel doctor used to go and see them 
sometimes, though I never saw one there. One time we had a 
severe cold rain of several days duration. We had all we could 
do to keep alive in our " shei^ang," as a dwelling place was 
called in prison language. When the storm cleared off I started 
off to walk around and get warm. Happening to think of the 
hospital 1 walked over to see what care the rebels had taken of 
our sick; I had no doubt they had been taken to some build- 
ing or shelter. I crossed the bridge over the brook and walked 
into the hospital. Imagine how the blood froze in my veins 
when I saw the poor fellows. I should think there were fifty or 
more, all motionless. Some were sitting or leaning against 
trees and stumps, some lying head down hill on the banks of 
the brook, some stretched out on the wet, cold ground ; one in 
particular lay on his side near a stumj) with one leg and one 
arm sticking up straight. All dead, stiff and cold. I did not 
see one alive am<ing them. Their eyes were wide open and 
glassy. They were lying antl sitting in every position imagin- 
able. There could be no possible excuse for leaving those men 
to die like an old worn out horse or useless dog, only faring 
much worse, for these sick men were shut into this prison and 
had positively no chance to get help or shelter or food from any 
source. I turned away. The sight was too awful; a sickening 
sensation came over me and I am afraid I mentally hurled some 
strong maledictions on the rebel authorities. I am quite con- 
fident I did, and I have never forgiven them and never shall. I 
saw several poor fellows insane while in Andersonville : one 
was entirely naked and was wallowing around in the mud and 
filth of the prison near the stockade, where the brook flowed 
out, where the water was about half up to his knees and almost 
thick with filth. The poor fellow was wasted nearly to a skel- 
eton, his eyes were only half open, anil he appeared to be hunt- 
ing for something in the slime and filth. He would creep along 
and often fall down, putting his head, face first, into the water, 
struggle up and go on again. Several of us went and got him 
out and washed him as well as we could, but I heard that he 
crossed the dead line and was shot soon after. 



J-R/SON LI IE AND ESCAPE. 225 

One night while we were at Camp Lawton, the Millen prison, 
we were called up by the rebels, to come right out, for a cartel 
of exchange had been effected for all prisoners that they could 
deliver at Fort Jackson, bciovv Savannah, before dark the next 
day, and if we hurried we would all get exchanged or paroled; 
that all they (the rebels) wanted, was to get rid of us at any 
price. Well, most of us swallowed that bait quick and rushed 
out and aboard their old leaky freight cars and were soon on 
the way to Savannah. It rained hard all day and we got thf)r- 
oughly drenched through, but we were packed like sardines in 
a box and were warm enough. Arrived at Savannah a little 
before sunset. The cars stopped, and a mounted guard formed 
each side of the cars. They saluted us with expressions like 
these : " You'll be in your own lines in two hours, boys," " We've 
seen quite a number of you fellers off for home to-day, boys," 
" We've just come up from Fort Jackson where we took a lot 
of your fellers down and saw them aboard one of your steamers." 
Well, didn't we feel good. I rather guess we did. It would be 
hard conveying to your mind how well we did feel. I doubt if 
a believer ever experienced more ecstatic joy when he knew he 
was about to be released from a bed of pain to enter the rest, 
peace and joy of heaven than we poor wretches experienced 
then. But why don't we start? What means this delay ? Time 
seemed long, we were so eager to go to God's country and see 
God's flag again, as many earnestly expressed it. An hour 
passed. The mounted guards were relieved by infantry, and a 
train of i)latforin cars ran alongside of us on another siding. 

By and by the guards called to us, " Every man get a stick 
of that cord wood and get on this train of flats." What did it 
mean? What did we want of that wood down at Fort Jackson? 
Some of the prisoners yelled " Another bull pen," " No exchange 
this time," " More rebel lies." Our hearts sunk like lead. All 
the bright virions of liberty were gone in an instant. Jiut hope 
that can " hang men on an archer's arrow though it drop deep 
poison " whispered to us that they must be having more trouble 
with the Yankee army than they would admit. May be we will 



226 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

be captured from them soon. The war must be pretty near 
over, boys. They are pretty hard up, you can see that, and 
they are dodging us around to keep us from being recaptured. 
So we consoled ourselves as well as we could. The sun set 
clear and the night was cold. We sped along as fast as they 
could drive till daylight the next morning. I curled down on 
the bottom of the car and three or four men lay across me. It 
hurt some but I soon got used to it, and if I had not lain under 
those men I guess I should have died of cold, and many were 
unable to get off without help when we dismounted at Black- 
shear Station. A great many men had only one garment, with- 
out, hat, cap or shoes, only a pair of old cotton flannel drawers. 
Can you imagine that they suffered? Faintly, I think. If we 
had not been drenched and roasted in the box cars it would not 
have been half so bad. 

We marched out into a pine barren and camped. I believe 
we got fair rations; certainly we had good water, and sweet, 
fresh air to breathe. As near as I can recollect we stayed at 
Hlackshear Station about a week. The second day of our stay 
some prisoners were paroled and sent into our lines. Sergeant 
Mcl'^lroy of the Sixteenth Connecticut was among the number. 
We were told that we were all to be paroletl there, but this we 
found to be another lie to keep us from trying to escape. I 
give you an incident or two which happened there : 

One day some uneasy Yanks saw a rebel officer outside the 
guard line and hailed him, and he called them out to see what 
tin)' wanted. They told him with a great air of secrecy that 
they had discovered a tree containing a swarm of bees, and 
asked his permission to go out and cut it down and get the 
honey. Now the idea of a taste of honey was pretty rich after 
living on the dry rations even the best Confederates could fur- 
nish, and this officer was a mean one, so he got the boys to 
show him the tree to prove they were not planning to escape 
and then he told them peremptoril)' that the}' could not have it 
and ordered them back into the prison camp. Then he sum- 
moned his friends and a negro with an axe and they went at 



PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE. 227 

that bit^ tree, two feet aiul a half throuLih, ami after workiiiL^ 
hard nearly half a clay, cut it thnvn. They were a sweaty, 
tired lot when the tree fell. They made a rush for the top and 
hunted for the bees. At the same time th<:y looked enquirini^ly 
into the camp amon^ us as an enormous shout of derision went 
up from us of " I low sweet! how sweet! " " Don't for God's 
sake let any of them Yankee bees stin;^ ye! " " It'll be sure 
death to ye if ye do ! " " Hooray for the bee tree ! " " Sold 
a^^•lin ! " "Nice honey, ain't it?" They ft)und no bees, not 
even a hollow in the tree of any kind, and a more sneakin^^ 
ashamed lookini^ set of rebel officers, I i;uess, was not seen ai^ain 
until old Jeff himself was taken in i)etticoats. The rebel sol- 
diers enjoyed the joke as well as we did antl ever after when 
the sentinels passed the watch cry, we would often hear s'jme 
humorous Johnny sint( out at midni_L,dit or some small hour of 
the nit;ht, " Here's your bee tree ! " instead of " All's well ! " 

.\nothcr time a fellow, who was I think a counterfeiter by trade, 
came to me to i^et a couple of New Orleans bills. One was 
fifty cents and tiie other ei_L;ht\' cents. I sold them to him for 
their face in our mone\' and felt {|uitc rmanciall)' proud as I 
took them for " Confed " as we call rebel currency. "Confed " 
was then worth twenty cents on the dollar. Well, this fellow, 
who said he was a hospital steward in tlie Marine Artillery, 
fixed the two bills, fifty and eighty cents each, so they were 
quite passable fifty dollar and eighty dollar bills respectively, 
and passed them to a rebel officer or sutler. He boui;ht a 
bushel or two of sweet potatoes and s^ot his cliaiiL^c in i;ootl 
Yankee greenbacks, lie came lo me and told me what he had 
done and said he should have to figure fine to kee]) that rebel 
from shooting him, when he found out the sell. I helped him a 
trifle about disguising himself, but he did not give me any of 
his money though he showed it to me. He hid his sweet i)ota- 
toes under a large wood pile then changed his quarters and laid 
down and covered iq), intending to keep cjuiet several days dur- 
ing all the daylight. The rebel came back into camp blustering 
and swearing, with a revolver in each hand, saying he was going 



228 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

to make i\ dead Yank sure before lie left camp. My counter- 
feiter kept dark and tlioui,dit he was all right, but a comrade 
.i,Mve him away cither through fear or in hope of reward. Then 
there were hot times for a few minutes. The rebel freed his 
mind to the counterfeiter- I did not learn his name — all the 
time pointing his cocked pistol at the man and cursing and tell- 
ing him his time was up and he would have six bullets through 
him, and then be kicked and stamped enough after he was dead 
to kill a regiment more just like him. He made so much noise 
and such a crowd jammed around that he attracted the atten- 
tion of a rebel officer, and the counterfeiter yelled to him to 
come in and prevent murder. The officer came as (juick as 
p(jssible and drove the fellow off, telling iiim it was against the 
law to trade with prisoners anyway, and if he had lost his money 
the officer was glad of it. My bold steward of Marine Artillery 
was pretty scared but said he had had nearly as narrow escapes 
before. When he sold the other bill it was when we were on 
move and he got off all right. 

[ To he L'onlinued.\ 



To a War-worn Bugle. 

r.V W. 1>. IKIUI.INC, KKNTON, O. 

Bujjlc Horn I Uiij^lc Iloriil sing luc a sun<j, 
Sing uf ihc troopers valiant and strong; 

Sing as you sang on llie hattU's wild day — 

Sing as y'>u sang in the midst of the fray. 

( )h, liow the sabers Hashed liriglit at your call I 
Onward the long line went, linn as a wall; 

Now they are mingling, the foenien and foe — 

I'lashes tlie saber with blow after blow I 

This is a sight fur a soldier to see ! 
Bugle, oh, lUigle ! sing loud in your glee I 

Sing of the valiant who victory win. 

Sing of the heroes who died 'mid tiu- din 

These have won glory and lasting renown, 
These, fallen heir to a hero's bright crown. 

Hugle, oh, Ituglel sing honor and jiraise 

'I'o those who were brave through those sad, darkened days. 



A EWE IN BATTLE. 229 



A Ride in Battle. 

ISY (Ol.. M. I. V. r.iiWMAN, I.ATE KIKSl' I.I Kf I li NAM AMI CuMMlSsAUV Isl MK. CAV. 

On Ihc afternoon of ihc third day of July, 1863, after nearly 
three days hard fiiihlinj^^ at Gettysbiir;^, the two great armies 
met in deadly conflict for victory or defeat. General Picket's 
terrible charge and (leneral Stuart's cavalry charge on our right 
Hank were nearly simultaneous. The rebel artillery all along their 
line of battle belched forth their challenge, while ours from 
Little Round Top down the line answered back with deafening 
roar. On came Picket across the wheat fiekl with his iiifaiitr)-. 
On came Stuart with his cavalry. I was with our regiment of 
cavalr)', with another sent out under command of Col. Smith to 
meet an advancing column of the enemy in the attack on the 
right flank. It was some fi>ur miles from where i'icket made 
his charge to where our cayahy was engaged with Stuart. I 
luul become greatly e.xcited, as doubtless the great majority of 
my comrades were on that eventful afternoon, and when the roar 
of cannon on our side seemetl to abate for a short time and the 
rebels poured in more furiously their shot and shell, I had such 
a desire to knt)W more of the battle that I started with my man 
Rogers for Little Round Top — I call him Comrade Rogers for 
in my mind now his name was Rogers — so many years have 
clapsetl since then that I really have forgotten his name — on we 
spurred our horses through field aiul woods, all the while close 
to the line of battle. On coming near the crest of the hill that 
extends from Little and Hig Round Top around to Wolf's hill, we 
went through an opening in the woods through which a country 
road passed, and as we came near the top of the hill we halted, 
and I said to Rogers, "When wc return \ye will go through that 
strip of woods at the right of us, for by so doing wc will save 
a mile's travel." y\s we reached the crest of the hill wc saw 
below us hundreds of men firing and falling back. I supposed 



230 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

at the time tliey were our men, but later on it proved tli.it they 
were rebels. We continued on, and the farther we went, our 
ajjprehension was awakened in the belief that we were in very 
danL;erous cjuarters. Picket had reached the stone wall, or what 
is termed now the bloody an^le. In the great confusion that 
seemed all around us, we thouL^ht it best to turn back, and as we 
reached the road — v/here I said to Rogers, " We will go through 
that piece of woods to our right and save a mile's travel on our 
return" — we saw at a glance that during our absence the rail 
fence on either side of the road had l)een taken down and thrown 
crosswise into the road in such a manner as to prevent artillery 
from coming \\\> this road. The road u[) the hill was very irreg- 
ular, being for the most jKU't of the way com|)rised of slate 
rock which was quite rough. Rogers said to me as we crossed 
the road: "There is a nice blanket on the other side" — some 
one had stolen my blanket off my [)ack mule the night before 
— and as I sup[K)sed the battle would soon be over and we 
return to our camping ground, I rode back, reached down from 
my hcrse, picketl up the blanket ami rode across the road to 
where Rogers was awaiting me. My horse had just come 
abreast with his when from the wootls to our left and not five 
hundred yards away came a volley of bullets. A comi)any of 
rebels were behind an old fence in the woods, and lheyem[)tied 
their guns at us — the bidlets came thick. My horse at the time 
seemed to have more good sense than I, for instantly he wheeled 
and started on a tiead run down tlu road. Just then another 
shower of bullets came. I thrt:w myself lengthwise on my 
horse, my right arm over my horse's neck while he i)lunged 
down that Icdgy road over those rails. We were under fire of 
the rebels, wIk^ seeing that the first volley did not stop us con- 
tinued to i)oui' iiili) us. The distance of that opening in the 
woods was about an eighth of a mile, that we iiad to ride. My 
horse was running with all his might while the bullets went 
under and over him — I cvjiected every moment he or I Wf)uld 
be shot and equally did 1 e.xpect every moment that he would 
be tangled in the fence rails and thrown. We had covered about 



A KIDE IN BATTLE. 231 

oiic-half the tlistancc in the opcninj^^ when I heard Rogers' 
liello behind nie aiitl I ex[)cctcd he was shot. Looking back 
over my horse's main I saw liis horse coming with all his might 
and Rogers clinging to him. I felt if he could only hang on 
to his horse he would bring him through. My horse was going 
at such si)eed down that Icdgy road and over those rails it 
would have been an impossibility for me to have stopped him. 
He seemed maddened by the zip, zip of the bullets as they 
came under and over us. I think the road had not been trav- 
eled much ; it seemed more of a wood road, seldom used. At 
any rate there was a big Cottonwood tree just in the edge of the 
woods, about three feet in diameter, and located, it seemed to 
me, right in the middle of the road. My horse was going at 
such speed it seemed to me that he surely must dash his brains 
out against the tree, but as we reached it he veered a little to 
one side. I threw my right leg on top of his back and his side 
just grazed it as we went on. On reaching the cover of the 
woods my horse seemed to understand and slackened his speed. 
I threw m>'self into the saddle and reined him in. I saw in the 
woods a number of our infantry sitting down by the trees eating 
hard tack. I sung out to them, "Boys, get out of here! The 
Johnnies are right onto you ! " and you ought to have seen 
those boys get up and get. Just then we came through the 
woods, where T met an officer with a squad of men. He called 
as I came out of the woods and asked, " What is the meaning 
of all this firing?" I replied to him that the Johnnies were 
right onto us. He said, " Why, I have orders to take a dispatch 
to the left; can I get through?" I said no, unless you want to 
get killed or captured. He replied, "I dare not go back; I 
must obey orders." I told him to send one of his men with me 
and that I would take him to Col. Smitli for orders. 

But now comes the curious part of this fearful ride — a ride 
nhich I shall never forget as long as life lasts, and a ride the like 
of which I would not take again for all the inducements man 
could offer. I attribute the saving of my life to my stopping to 
pick up that blanket. Had I not stopped for that we should 



232 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

have rode tlircctly into the enemy's lines, for tliey, as I learned 
after, occupied the woods throuy;h which I had intentletl to pass; 
and furtlier, when the ride was over and 1 raised into my saddle I 
found the blanket was in my right hand, and that I had held on 
to it throu;j;h all that desperate ride. 1 then threw it down. 
On reaching; our cavalry I saw the Johnnies come out of the 
woods and plant their colors in the open field. Just then (ien. 
Gregg opened his batteries on them and they disappeared under 
cover of the woods. 

>f,,-j.|j;_ — \[ " Rogers" is yet living and this sliouM toiiK- under his eye, I sliali i)e 
clad to hear from him. — M.T. V. 1!. 



Life in l.ibljy. 

I!Y C. I). FliKNAIJI, I'OUKI'll MMNK IMANIKV. 

While engaged in the first battle of Bull \^v\n, on the twenty- 
first day of July, i.SGi, my fighting was stopped by a cannon 
ball, which took the clothes clear to my breast, taking my right 
arm '^M just above the elbow, taking it all off but a little skin; 
then passing through the rear rank it struck a man 1)\' the name 
of hletcher, just the same as it struck me. After I was hit I 
got up, looked at my arm and then started for the rear, when 1 
was soon overtaken by two comrades, George Spaidding aiul 
Fred Conley, who corded my arm and stopped the flow of 
blood, after which I walked for nearly half a mile when I again 
fell from loss tjf blixxl, the cord on iii)' arm having become 
loose. I had not lain more than twenty minutes, when one of 
our ambulances came along with Metcher in it and took me up, 
carrying us back to an old house just across the stone bridge. 
We were laid under some apple trees, the house being already 
full of wounded. 

After taking us out, the}' tightened the cord on my arm and 
then went back on the field after more woundctl. While wait- 
ing for the surgeon to dress my wound I cut the skin that held 
the arm on and buried it by means of an old bayonet, imdcr 
the tree. 



LIFE IM LIB BY. 233 

Just bcfurc dark the ixbs passed us in pursuit of our trooi)s 
which had passed a few minutes before. They did not stop 
even to place a guard around us then, but kept on in pursuit of 
our rctreatin<^ forces. As it was growing dusk our regimental 
surgeon, Dr. Seth C. Ilutchins, came to me, and they laid me 
on a temi)orary table, ready to take off my arm, when who 
should appear on the ground but a squad of Johnnies, who at 
once j)laced a guard around us. An officer rode uj) to our sur- 
geon, who with his assistant was dressing my arm, and placing 
a revolver close to his head, ordered him to leave me and attend 
to their wounded ; but he refused, saying if they shot him he 
could do nothing for them, but if they let him finish dressing 
my arm he would go with them. 

When they found that they could not move him they stayed 
by until he got done with me, and then he went with them. 
This was the last that I saw of the surgeon. He had dressed 
Fletcher's arm just before mine, so when my arm was dressed 
they laid me beside him under the apple tree, where I lay for 
some da)'s and nights with nothing to eat but a small piece of 
raw beef and one cake of hard-bread. The agony of that first 
night will never be forgotten, for we were all suffering with thirst 
and our tongues were swelling out of our mouths. It was 
enough to touch a heart of stone to hear the poor fellows beg- 
ging for water; but it was not enough to touch the hearts of 
our captors, for although there was plenty of water only a few 
rods away they would not leave their work of pillaging the dead 
and woundctl to bring us any, neither would they allow those 
that could crawl .v.round to pass the guard for water. 

But God had not forsaken us. About half-past ten that 
night it commenced to rain, and it never rained harder, so all 
that we had to do was to oi)en our mouths and they were filled. 
All who were out of doors had plenty to drink that night, but 
it was different with the poor fellows in the house, whom we 
coidd hear begging for water all through the night, amid the 
groans of the wounded and dying. 

On the eleventh day after the battle, we were carted to 
Manassas Junction, loaded in cattle cars and started for Rich- 



2;J4 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

mond, which took one day and iiiLjht. I^urinL; the ride the rebs 
would reverse the engine every few miles, which ])iled us u[) in 
tlic cars, one on top of the other, causing us intense suffering. 
We had nothing to cat or drink on the road, being treated by 
the citizens on the way like so many beasts of prey that they 
would like to kill. After arriving in Richmond we were 
escorted to "Hotel de Libby," with the name of Libby & Son 
over the door. When wc arrived the building was nearly 
empty, containing only a few political prisoners and a few 
officers and men who had preceded us. They crowded twenty- 
seven hundred of us into the building, which in addition to 
what was already there, filled it to the brim. 

y\bout six hours after arriving they issued to us some soft 
baker's bread and water from the James river. We began to 
think that we should not fare so very bad after all ; but how 
soon that delusion was dispelled you will see. I was placed in 
the second story, and the boards on which I lay were by the 
second rear window, with a tobacco press for a [)illow. I was 
without blanket, shirt or blouse, having lost my blanket in the 
fight and having my shirt antl blouse taken nearly off by the 
shot that took my arm. 

Just before dark one of the Fourteenth Brooklyn boys 
approached the window by which I was lying, the windows all 
being protected with iron bars. When he got within about two feet 
of the window the report of a gun was heard, and he fell dead, 
with only a groan, for he had been shot through the left breast. 
The blood from his body s[)urted in my face. The news sjjread 
through the building and the boys kept back from the windows. 
After dark the officers came into the building to inspect us and 
to take our names and regiments. We complained to them of 
the shooting and they told us to keep four feet from the win- 
dows and we would not be shot. We then asked for some 
supper, and were told that we would probably get some some- 
time the next day; which we did, about ten o'clock. 

Our wounds were not dressed nor cared for (only what our 
own boys could do, those who were not so badly wounded as 



LIFE JN LIBBV. 235 

the rest of us) until we had been in Libby twelve days, and then 
Ur. Stewart of the Second Minnesota got permission to come 
in and see us, he being a Vxcc Mason. He spent the da}' with 
us and amputated my arm again, which had become maggoty 
on the field and had sloughed open. I had got the maggots 
about all out with a bottle of hartshorn which I picked up on 
the field. After that everything went on as usual in the build- 
ing, our rations in the meantime consisting of one cake of hani- 
bread and one pint of James river water per day to a man — 
unless we could buy some or steal some from the guards, which 
we frequently did. 

On the fifteenth of August three rebel surgeons entered the 
room I was in and came to a man whose name and regiment I 
do not know. lie had a flesh wound in the calf of the leg and 
the gangrene had got into it. The leg could have been saved 
with proper care, but they cut it off square without any fiap 
just " for an experiment." The man lingered and tlied in about 
fifteen days. 

We found out about the first of August that the basement or 
cellar of Libby was filled with tobacco, so we contrived to get 
into it, and then we began to live a little better, for we could 
trade tobacco with the guards and darkeys for something to eat. 
The Johnnies did not find out our reserve store until about the 
middle of September, and then finding that they could not keep 
us out of it they hauled the tobacco away. 

In the meantime our death rate had been from six to ten per 
day in our room, from wounds and lack of food. At times 
some poor fellow would get homesick and then his days were 
numbered. I never knew a man in Libby to live more than 
fifteen days after he became homesick. After this our death 
rate increased, often towards the last numbering as many as 
twenty per day. 

I had got so that I could walk around the building. One day 
while down stairs watching the guard and trying to get a breath 
of fresh air, I discovered that he had a loaf of corn bread and 
a big piece of liver which he was eating. He had not eaten 



236 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

much when an officer came along and the guard had to lay the 
food down on a box behind him to salute the officer. That 
was my chance, and grabbing the bread, and liver I went up 
stairs, and didn't I have a treat ! 

The last of September our boys began to tunnel out from 
the cellar where the rebs had taken out the tobacco. A large 
number got away through the tunnel. How many escaped or 
how many were recaptured 1 do not know, for not one that 
went out through the tunnel was brought back into the building 
while I was there. This escape so enraged the rebs that they 
cut our scant rations off for fi.ve days, which finished many a 
poor fellow who was nearly dead before. The fifth day an 
officer came into our room with a fine fat blood hound. When 
the dog was near me I petted him and managed to detain him 
there until the officer went up stairs. I spoke to a Fourteenth 
Ikooklyn boy who had a knife. I took the dog by the top 
of his head and yanked it up while the Fourteenth boy cut his 
throat. When the officer came down the dog was eaten up and 
there was not so much as a blood spot to show what had 
become of him. The boys had caught the blood in their cups 
and drank it as fast as it flowed. The officer raved awhile but 
soon left without bidding us good-bye. 

Matters continued thus until the tenth of October, as I recall 
it, when looking from the window, standing at the proper 
distance, I thought I saw a man that I used to go to school 
,with when a boy but who had been in the south for some 
years. I called to him from the window to attract his attention. 
He looked up, recognized me, called me by name and at the 
same time drew his revolver and fired si.x shots at me through 
the window, two of which cut the hair on my head, which con- 
vinced me that he was not shooting for a sham, but to hit. 

1 think it was the twenty-seventh of October, a day never to 
be forgotten by me, when in the afternoon an officer came into 
the builtling, called the names of some fifty of us, whom the)' did 
not think would li\'f, and told us to pick up our traps and be 
ready to go down the James river by 4 I'. M. as we were to be 



RECOLLECTIONS OL- GE/V. BERRY. 237 

[)arolctl. I was the tenth on the Hst. At three they formed us 
ami marched us to the office outsitle, where we signed the 
parole as best wc couUl and then were carried to the boat that 
was waiting for us. There were only a few of us who could 
walk that tlistance. Before leaving the building we divided our 
effects with tin- !)o)'S who were left. And so we bade good-bye 
to old Lib!))' I'rison forever. 



Recollections of General l)erry. 

I!V \l. S., (•(•. K, I7TII MK. VDI.S. 

The rendezvous at Portland, from which the Seventeenth 
Maine Regiment startetl to the front August iSth, 1S62, was 
called Camp Berry. The writer at that time did not know for 
whom it wa-; named, but subsecjucntly he became aware it was 
in honor of one of the bravest and ablest generals who liad 
gone from the old l*inc Tree State. Coincidently, General 
lliram G. Berry was the first officer who commanded the 
brigade to which the Seventeenth Maine belonged, after its 
arrival at r'almouth, Va., its last camp biTore it partici[)attHl in 
the battle of Fredericksburg. The recollection of most of the 
events associated with the general during his brief official cgn- 
ncction with the regiment are shadow}' in the memor)' of the 
writer, after so many intervening years, but there arc two or 
three that stand out in sharp relief, which will perhaps bear 
relating. 

On the thirteenth of December, '62, the regiment was astir 
as the pallid light broke over the smoky hills. A signal gun 
had been fired, the " pack up " had been sounded from regi- 
mental head(|uarters, and we were soon in line. Birnc)', the 
division general, rode by with his staff, and then came the sturdy 
General Berry at the head of the column in which we were to 
join as soon as certain regiments had passed. As he looked at 
us, standing there, from beneath his slouched hat, he seemed 
like a father to us all, and we felt that he was saying to us. 



238 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

though he had not spoken the words aloud : " Now, my fine 
sons of Maine, you are about to receive the baptism of fire. 
Behave nobly. I am proud of you. We shall soon know what 
stuff you are made of." 

VVe did not march far before we were ordered to mass in the 
woods, near the river, where we were forced all day to inhale 
the breath of our batteries, which were trying to convince Lee's 
soldiers of their inhospitality. In the twilight we again took 
up our beds and walked two or three miles up the river, where 
we halted for the night, and made ourselves as comfortable as 
the fortunes of war would allow. Next morning " peas on a 
trencher" was only in name; a dish of coffee and some hard- 
tack constituted our morning meal, and then we " fell in " to 
form a part of the column which was to operate on the left. 
Almost before we were aware of being so near the Confederate 
front, it was plunging shells in our line. How they did sing 
their devilish songs; how they tore up the earth before us and 
flung it in our very faces. It was like stirring up a gigantic 
hornet's nest, and the air seemed full of huge infuriated insects. 
General Berry now rode rapidly along the line, and seeing that 
the regiment, which had not yet been ordered to advance, was 
unnecessarily exposed by its gaping with wonder at the strange 
sights and sounds, cried out in a loud stern voice, such as an 
anxious parent would to his imprudent boys, " Lie down, every 
one of you, or I'll skin you alive." This order we had never 
seen in the manual of tactics, but it struck us forcibly as a good 
thing to do, and down we went to the ground. 

Though the general afterward must have, often, been seen 
and felt and heard, he does not again appear in the writer's 
memory till the next spring, 1863. He had received the 
appointment of major general, and been assigned to the com- 
mand of the second division of the Third Corps. Much 
enthusiasm then prevailed throughout the army for General 
I looker, and General Berry evidently was one of his most san- 
guine adherents. On a beautiful ^Sunday afternoon he visited 
the regimental camji, and the boys were turned out to receive 



/'■//• 77/ NEIV YONK CAVA /.NY AT CUl.PEI'ER. 239 

him, informally, as now remembered. In front of the colonel's 
tent, his hat removed and his noble forehead c^listening in the 
sunshine, amidst the laurel scented air, he stood and greeted us 
with a short speech, filled with earnest devotion to the Union 
and priile for the State from which we came. In conclusion, he 
swung his hat and proposed "three cheers for Joe Hooker and 
the next fight," which, of course, was given with a will. It was 
a scene, one of many, in the soldier's life worthy of the artist's 
brush, but alas, how different from that in which General Berry 
was the central figure, as he lay dying on the battle-field of 
Chancellorsville on Sunday afternoon, nearly at the same hour, 
a fortniijht later. 



Fifth New York Cavalry at Ciilpcper. 

liY K. S. IUCKINSON, KIITM NKW YORK CAVAI.KV. 

Near Williamsi)ort we rested a few days and recruited our 
horses in luxurious clover fields until the thirty-first day of May, 
when an adx'ance was made across the Potomac to ascertain 
what was in our front. We surprised and drove the enemy's 
pickets through Martinsburg, capturing some plunder and a few 
of our men lost at h'ront Royal, and returned to camp on the 
north side of the Potomac, where we quietly remained until the 
fourth of June, when l^anks and his whole army advanced to 
Winchester, the scene of its disaster and the insulting jeers of 
the inhabitants only a few weeks previous. The troops marched 
in with colors flying and bands playing National airs. The 
streets were deserted ; not a solitary person appeared in sight, 
but hundreds of unfriendly eyes were peering through all man- 
ner of crevices, expecting momentarily to see the torch applied 
to all i)laces whence shots had been fired and hot water thrown 
on the morning of the twenty-fifth day of May. It was known 
that there was quite a large number of good loyal people who 
would rejoice at the return of the old flag to their cit>' if the}' 



240 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

dared. This knowledge accounts in a certain measure for tlic 
respect shown property. Gradually the nerve tension of the 
guilty relaxed and they began to show themselves. It was 
rather ludicrous to look at some of those trying-to-be-calm per- 
sons as they carried around that wish-I-hadn't looking face. The 
tables were turned. The Yanks were there and the Confederate 
army had left them to their fate. 

I'^or a time the camp of the Fifth New York Cavalry was 
in an oak grove just to the left of the pike at Milltown, and 
comrades will remember that old mill-race just back of camp 
where we used to go down to wash our clothes, but oftencr 
to pull the shirt off over the head and search for that frolicsome 
grey-back, and with what fiendish delight we listened to that 
musical snap as a victim came in contact with two thumb nails. 

I'^om this camp many long tedious rcconnoissances were made 
on all the roads converging at Winchester. Romney, Moorfield, 
White Sulphur Springs, Strasburg, Luray Valley and Louden 
Valley came in for their share of attention by the cavalry regi- 
ments belonging to Banks' command. The enemy's cavalry 
were often met scouting the country to annoy the Yankee pick- 
ets, capture small parties who chanced to venture outsitle of 
our videttes and to get information from their friends on the 
inside of our lines. At this stage of war citizens were at their 
homes, a[)parently conducting their own business as in times of 
peace, and were allowed to remain unmolested, guards being 
furnished to protect their persons and property from the lawless 
soldiers not imbued with the belief that conciliatory measures 
were the best to adopt towards a rebellious people who, while 
under the protecting folds of the National flag, were aiding the 
enemy as far as possible by furnishing information. The 
tmemy's cavalry were often met but nothing t^f a very serious 
nature occurred. Bushwackers being troublesome, efforts were 
made to catch them by sending out parties at night, who 
searched their homes or localities where they were harbored, 
but these expeditions were unsuccessful through the watchful- 
ness of the numerous dogs at every farmhouse barking the 



J'll-Tl/ NtlV YORK CAVALRY AT CULPEPER. 241 

alarm in time for them to escape. The neirro slaves who left 
their masters seemed to know instinctively that the war was 
eventually to result in their freedom, and were always our trusted 
friends. Many arrests were made, but the secession element 
soon learned to put on a bold face and report their loyal neigh- 
bors at headcjiiarters as being connected with guerilla parties 
and thus getting them arrested, so the whole tiling was soon in a 
muddle, and about all the satisfaction derived by us was the 
pleasure of feasting on the luscious cherries near the houses 
which we surrounded. This fruit was very abundant. 

hLarly in the morning of the eighth day of July l^anks' little 
army began to move out from their camps around Winchester 
in the direction of T'ront Royal, the I^'ifth being rear guard. 
The long line of tr(wps in advance of us was all that indicated 
war. The appearance of the country on all sides indicated 
{icace and prosperity. Well fenced farms and great fields ot 
wheat ready for the sickle and the workmen in the fields harvest- 
ing the crops; stalwart colored men leisurely swinging the old 
hand cradle, and the colored girls and boys taking up the grain ; 
all stopping frequently to admire the pomp and pageantry, and 
rej^l)' to the jests and friendly badinage of the passing troopers. 

This day was intensely hot, and several cases of sunstroke 
were reported, but nothing of an exciting nature occurred until 
the advance struck Front Royal, when quite a lively skirmish 
occurred, but the enemy was soon driven out in great haste and 
confusion, the Vermonters firing a few bullets at them as gentle 
persuaders to run faster, the infantry column leisurely following. 
When we of the rear guard came along the i.ihabitants had 
come out of their safe retreats where they had taken refuge to 
escape from the flying missiles, and the ladies were indidging 
freely in e.\[)letives and indignantly expressing their opinions. 
We asked if the First Vermont Cavalry had been there and 
what they did. One of them answered, with a sniff, that they 
" kept shooting at our soldiers when they were running just as 
hard as they could to get awa}'." It was ever thus with the 
h'irst Vermont Cavalry. The}' would shoot to induce the enemy 
to run and then shoot them for running;. 



242 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

The column moved steadily along up the beautiful valley and 
over the Blue Ridge to Gaines's Cross Roads, and bivouacked. 
The cavalry picketed front and rear, and was so small that every 
able-bodied man was required to complete a cordon around the 
infantry. No attack, however, was made by the enemy, but a 
httle scare was occasioned by the accidental discharge of a gun 
which caused the writer to think as he sat drousing on his horse 
that he had been fired upon by a bushwhacker. The result was 
a thorough rousing of the pickets. 

As foraging in those days was strictly forbidden, we, to obe)' 
orders and please the officers, had laid in a supply of fac-simile 
confederate money. By this means we were enabled to pur- 
chase corn for our horses and warm meals for ourselves, as 
opportunity presented itself. 

On the twelfth the march was resumed in the direction of 
Culpei)er Court House where the Fifth had a skirmish. They 
charged and drove the enemy through the town, capturing 
fifteen men and a small amount of supplies left at the railroad 
depot. They succeeded in getting the train off by a margin 
of about two minutes. Among other things captured was the 
Confederate mail which had just arrived from Richmond. This 
was secured by W. G. Peckham, one of the foremost men in 
the charge, who subsequently earned and received a first 
lieutenant's commission for meritorious service and bravery. 
Among other Confederate property captured at the depot was 
a barrel of whiskey. All this property, including the whiskey, 
was stored in the Court House and a guard placed over it, the 
provost marshal's office also being in the same room with the 
barrel of whiskey. Some of the duty performed by the pro- 
vost guard was to search the house and other buildings for 
arms, rebel soldiers and contraband articles. They were suc- 
cessful in a small way in bringing to light a few small arms and 
a few soldiers. 

While we were on this duty, McClellan was retreating from 
before Richmond, and in a short time Lee would be ready to 
give his attention to the arni)^ around Culpeper. In the mail 



FIFTH NFW YORK CAVALRY AT CULPEPER. 243 

captured was a letter foiiiul tlirectetl to a )'()un_i,'^ lady of Ciil- 
l)ei)er written at Kichinoiid, statiiiL^ that he, the writer, would 
be there that eveniiiLj (July I2th), giving the hour he would 
arrive and the road he would conic in on. As the youni; lady 
did not get the letter, she was not jjrepared to meet him on the 
road anil warn him of the presence of the \'ankees in Culpeuer, 
but another party was there ready to receive him. lie was at 
once taken to the provost marsiial who learned from him that 
he hail been in the battles before Richmond and followed 
McClellan's retreating army to Harrison's landing. lb: proved 
to be a scout sent from Richmond and had ridden from there 
on that day — about seventy-five miles, h^vidently he rotle a 
good horse, and was thus considered by C. W. Minor of the 
b'ifth, who rode him through several battles and skirmishes till 
the horse attracted the attention (if an officer of a Massachusetts 
regiment about to go home, when a trade was made whicii 
transferred to the Bay State the' rarer named "Old Secesh" by 
the boys. Culpcjier being the home of this gentlemanly scout 
he re(iuestetl to be allowed to \'isit his friends i)efore being sent 
away as a prisoner of war. This recpiest was granted, ami the 
writer of this article was detailetl as guard to escort him around 
among his fiientls, who were all jubilant over the success of 
their arn.y on the peninsula antl all souiuled the praise of 
McClellan. One young lady so far forgot herself as to say in 
my hearing that McClellan was worth 30.000 men to them. 

Hut I am digressing from the general trend of operations in 
and around CuIpe]K-r. I will return to the provost marshal, 
who as before stated had a barrel of whiskey under guard in his 
office. Now we had a few boys who U)ved that beverage above 
menlionctl too dearl}' for an\-thing antl would think it without 
the slightest provocation, and withal were cxceeilingly shrewd 
in devising means to obtain it ; particularly one little Irishman — 
to avoid his right name we will call him Mike Maloney — whose 
fertile brain soon discovered the means and the way of access 
to the same in spite of the guard placed over the precious 
stuff. Some of his pals raided the town for a gimlet or bit, 



244 THE MAINE BUG I.E. 

while he iiunle an accurate survey of the exact location of that 
barrel. A hole was made throui^h the wall on the outside 
of the buildin;^ and measurements taken on the underside of the 
floor of the Court House and a hole bored up throui,^h the floor 
and into the barrel. This incident would end here with the 
success of the thirsty soldiers but for the fact that that whiskey 
when once started throui^h the hole in tlie floor could not be 
stoi)[)ed. A plu;^ in the floor would tjnly divert the stream to 
the upi)er surface of the floor where it would cause immediate 
detection, so every canteen and canij) kettle that ctndd be 
secured was soon filled. Still the stuff kept running. There- 
fore a large cjuantity had to be drunk b}' those who k)ved it, 
while others, pressed into the service, could not well refuse to 
help save the luxury. 1 will now leave the reader to imagine 
the natural results and the look of astt)nishment and indignation 
on the face of that provost marshal when he came out of his 
office in the morning. He didn't swear, but he looked as 
though he only restrained himself for fear of lessening his 
chances of getting to heaven. It was generally thought among 
the boys that his disappointment in not getting a tlrink that 
morning, was only equalled by his astonishment at the condition 
of his company. The boys had their fun, if such i)r()ceedings 
can be classed in that categc ry, and the provost marshal and 
his guard lost their "soft snajj" and were sent back to the regi- 
ment, to meditate on the pleasures of water during the march 
on the 1 6th to Rapiv^lan k'ord in a drenching rain, where we 
remainetl over night and resumetl the march to ( )range Court 
House on the following day. 

VVc had (|uitc a lively skirmish with tlie enemy there, driving 
him from the place in the midst of a terrific thunder shower in 
which the left flanking party, under (Orderly Sergeant (W. V. 
Dye) Dye, were so blinded by the lightning flashes and sheets 
of water driv(.'n h\ the fierce gale dirt'ctly in their faces whiK- 
making a gallant charge, that their horses ran into a ([uicksand 
hole, throwing and injuring their riders to such an extent that 
some of them fell into the enemy's hands. The rest got away 



FIFTU NEW YORK' CAVALRY AT CUl.PEPER. 215 

and lliiis c.scai)cd a worse fate, for had \uA that impetuous cliart;[c 
been thus checketl, they would have been cut oil from support. 
riie rain still fell in torrents while returning to Orange Court 
House, where the regiment was reunitetl and tletails made for 
picket duty. Company A was sent to Harnett's and Company 
I'^ to take possession of and hold a bridge a few miles above, 
which sjjanncd the Rapidan. As the writer belonged to the 
latter com[)any we will follow them. it was already dark when 
we began our marcli. The sky was overcast with heavy clouds 
of an ai)proaching storm, and tlie darkness was so dense and 
black that the road could only be distinguished (.luring the fre- 
quent flashes of lightning. Silently \\>: moved along towards 
our destination. When we had gained a point near where it 
was exi^ectecl to find the bridge we were to [)rotect, a sudden 
flash of lightning of more than usual brilliancy revealed to us 
a camp on either side of the roail. Sergt. Trowbridge was sent 
to ascertain who they were. The sergeant did not leturn. The 
captain still being in doubt as U) the true slate eif affairs sent 
Sergl. Sortorr to find out who they were and report back imme- 
diately. Sortore also failed lo lelurn. 

(''nr suspicions were now putty thoroughly aroused as to the 
true situation. In llie little time occ upied in waiting for Sortore 
to relui n we coidd t untl\' hear cummautls given in hoarse whis- 
pers to " hall in," " Right face," " I'orward march," " I'ile left," 
and we could dimly see the line forming as each lightning flash 
ilhimiii.iled the scene. It be^'an to dawn upon our minds that 
perhaps Company 1'" was in a bag, the open end of which was 
going to close. In a moment an order came to " Countermarch 
by the left flank," which we tlid as silently as possible, and stole 
awa\' just in time, as subsccpient information showed. When 
our two sergeants returned from rebel prison they explained to 
us that the enemy, when they found that a company of cavalry 
hail enteretl their camp, conceived the idea of bagging the 
whole lot, and proceeded to act in accordance with that idea, 
and had, as they thought, troops placed across our line of 
retreat and the bag closed ; but the prize had escaped in the 
darkness, being just outside the bag. 



246 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

My coniradcs will rcnienibcr that in the early part of the war 
a live Yankee was considered by the Southern army as a very 
valuable thini,^ to possess, and all new rebel ori^anizations just 
from their homes were anxious to tjjct some to exhibit to friends 
and relatives. All of our returned jjrisoners in the first year of 
the war reported that they were looked upon with as much curi- 
osity as some rare wild beast, and the people flocked from the 
country for miles aroimd to get a look at a real live " Yankee " 
of whom they had heard so many blood-curdliuL; tales of bar- 
barities and hideous appearance, and all expressed surprise at 
the good looks and absence of the much-dreaded horns. Well, 
we breathed more freely when we found ourselves a good dis- 
tance from the camp, although we mourned the loss of the two 
sergeants. 

At daylight in the morning we learned that nearly all of Com- 
pany A had been captured during the night at Barnett's h'ord 
and that we were in close proximity to a large force of the 
enemy's infantry, and that we were on the wrong side of an 
angry turbulent river, whose banks were overflowing from the 
effects of the recent heavy rains, but with the help of a native 
guide a crossing was made at a ford farther down the stream 
with great difficulty; the enemy was flankeil and the march 
matle back to Culpeper. The results of this rect)nnoissance 
was against us in losses but the gain was the knowledge of the 
approach of Lee's advance and his desire to get possession 
of the fords. 

During the remainder of Jidy the regiment was almost con- 
stantly on the move, making reconnoissances in all tlirections, to 
Sperryville, Woodville and to Culpej^er Court I louse, thence 
to James Cil>\ \V'(.)lflown, antl into the Luray Valle)' b}' way 
of Swift Run Gaj) to Luray and Woodville, then back to 
Culpeper Court House, near which the camp was located in a 
pleasant oak grove. While here Gen. Hatch was removed from 
the command of the cavalry in this department, Cen. John 
l^uford succeeding him. 

On the first day of August the regiment marched to Raccoon 
h\)rd where they were joined by the l-'irst Vermont Cavalry and 



FIFTH NEW YORK CAVALRY AT CULPEPER. 247 

the First Michij^an Cavalry. On the following day Gen. Craw- 
ford gave this force of cavalry their marching orders ; they 
moved away in the direction of Orange Court House to recon- 
noiter the force and position of the enemy supjjosed to be there. 
On api^roaching the town we could see in the distance on a 
gentle rise of ground, which partially obstructed the view of 
the little town on the road, two videttes of the enemy's out- 
posts, who turned their horses and moved back as we 
approached, and were soon out of sight in the little depression 
beyond. As we gained this height, an unobstructed view of the 
single street running through the village, and the green fields 
on either side of the road, was had, but not a living thing was 
in sight. We saw, as we entered the narrow street, that the 
doors and blinds were closed and curtains drawn. All was a 
deathlike stillness. At this point a strong flanking party was 
detailed consisting of Companies G and H imder command 
of Capt. John Hammond, who dashed away with their accus- 
tomed gallant spirit to the left towards the Gordonsville road 
while the main column, headed by Company E of the Fifth 
New York, moved steadily along the main street. When near 
the end or its junction with the Gordpusville road the stillness 
was suddenly broken by a spirited attack by the secreted 
enemy, who appeared before us and opened a sudden fusilade 
of small-arms, accompanied by the rebel yell. The advance 
stood firm until their ammunition was exhausted ; then the 
whole column broke and retreated down the street, followed by 
the enemy. 

Now our flanking party got at their work in fine style. 
The main column rallied at the suburbs of the village, dashed 
back, and a spirited conflict with revolvers and carbines followed, 
while Companies G and W were having their hand-to-hand-set-to 
with sabres around the depot. A terrific fusilade was kept up 
in the main street — shots flew in every direction, killing men 
and horses to some extent though much the larger portion of 
the bullets went far above our heads, owing to the higher 
ground occupied by the enemy. Just as the enemy's front 



248 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

began to waver, Capt. Hammond with his usual perception saw 
the opportune moment to inflict a telHng blow on the partially 
demoialized foe. He gave command for a charge which subse- 
quently became famous in the regiment. As he and his brave 
boys flew forward in the grand charge he cried in a clear, com- 
manding voice, "Give them your hardware, boys!" The order 
was executed in the spirit in which it was given, and exhibited 
a skill that reflected credit upon their instructors and their own 
bravery. The enemy fled before these "hardware" dealers in 
confusion leaving their dead and badly wounded in our hands 
and fifty prisoners, including a major, captain and two lieuten- 
ants, who informed us that they were a part of Col. Ashby's 
old command. Owing to the near proximity of a large force 
coming from Gordonsville, it was not considered judicious to 
remain long at this point. The object of the expedition had 
been gained which was information as to the mavement of Lee's 
troops North. The cost of this encounter to the Fifth New 
York Cavalry was the loss of John Ouinn, Company G, and 
Conrad Bohrer, Company I, killed. The wounded were Corp. 
Charles A. Morris, Conipany E; Sergt. W. T. V. Low, Com- 
pany G, and O. ^L Sergt. Archibald Fraser, Company L. 

Our cavalry now fell back across the Rapidan where we rested 
until the fourth, and then made a reconnoissance from Culpeper 
to Madison Court House, and back to the Robertson river by 
way of W'olftown and Stanards without meeting the enemy in 
force. On the seventh, formed a line of pickets along the 
Robertson river, Gen. Buford's division doing this duty above 
or west of Barnett's Ford to Robertson F"ord, while Bayard 
picketed as far below as Raccoon Ford on the Rapidan. Each 
of these cavalry generals had reported the enemy advancing 
from Orange Court House, where they had been concentrating 
for several days past. On the evening of the eighth the 
advance commenced crossing at Barnett's Ford led by Ewell's 
division. At 9.45 .\. M. on the ninth. Gen. Banks received 
orders from Gen. Pope, then present in person, with head- 
quarters at Culpeper, to move his division to the front and 



SIXTH MAINE BATTEKY BEFORE PETERSBURG. 249 

immediately assume command of all forces, attack immediately 
and be reinforced frum here (Culpeper). These orders were 
promptly executed. During the afternoon we could distinctly 
hear the heavy artillery firing with occasional intervals of quiet, 
between which the roar and rattle of musketry was terrific, 
indicating that the battle was on and that Banks' little division 
of seventy-five hundred men was hard pressed by Jackson's 
twenty-five thousand. 

[ To be Cotilinudii.^ 



The Sixth Maine Battery before Petersburg. 

HY JAMES E. RIUHiES. 

In the siege of Petersburg from June i6th, 1864, to the final 
capture, April 3d, 1865, the Sixth Maine Battery took a very 
active part, having been in some part of the line nearly all of the 
time, but mainly in two positions. The afternoon and night of 
June 1 6th we were engaged in advancing the line to near the 
O'Hare house*, and the eighteenth took position just in front 
of the house and near some outbuildings in the oak grove partly 
surrounding the house. We occupied this position about 9 .\. M. 
with no support except a skirmish line of the First United 
States Sharpshooters, and none of them in front of our guns. 
We were just to the left of the Prince George Court House road 
where the First Maine Heavies formed for the charge in the 
afternoon. The sharpshooters, with our aid, kept the enemy 
well down, behind their works and they did not develop the 
strength of their line until compelled to. We had several men 
killed and wounded during the day, as it was a very exposed 
position, and with our losses the sixteenth, and previously dur- 
ing the campaign, we were considerably short handed to man 
our four guns. However, we kept the enemy in mind that a 
twelve-pound batttery was in position there by giving them a 
round of canister and shell now and then. 

They had but one piece of artiller\- on that line that I am 
aware of, notwithstanding the published accounts that their line 



250 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

" bristled with cannon every fifteen to twenty feet." Tliis piece 
they did not fire but a very few times, and not once in our 
direction durini,^ the infantry chari^e, but fired canister at us 
afterwards. 

At 4 1'. M. the Third Division, Second Corps, formed in our 
rear and on our right in three hues of battle, to charge the lines 
in our front. They commenced their cheer when they started 
and before they came in sight of the enemy, who stood up in 
their works and showed themselves to u", in very heavy ranks. 
When our infantry got in line with our guns the enemy gave 
them a terrible volley which killed and wounded many of them. 
This seemed to stagger them and it was hard work to get them 
to advance in front of our position. Some of them did attempt 
it, but the most of them swarmed around our guns like a regu- 
lar mob. In the meantime the First Maine Heavy was attempt- 
ing to get across the cornfield on our right, but as they had no 
support they could not carry the line alone and were obliged to 
return the best they could, leaving about three-ciuarters of their 
number in killed and wounded. The infantry in our front made 
several attempts to advance and would make a very good start, 
but the leaders would soon find that their following was small 
and then they would run back. This continued for perhaps ten 
minutes and then they all made a bolt for the rear, leaving us 
all alone. As soon as the infantry got well out of the way the 
First United States Sharpshooters came up again and took their 
old positions and opened fire rapidly, and we opened also, which 
kept the rebels down, and they did not make any attempts to 
countercharge as we feared they would. 

We lost this day in killed Ord. Sergt. James A. Pray, who 
was acting second lieutenant and whose commission as such 
came the next day, and private Reuel W. Annis. Bugler W'm. 
G. Brown, who was assisting at the guns, was mortally wounded 
and several others seriously wounded and lost to the battery. 
E. E. Brown carries a bullet in his shoulder to this day that he 
got there. 

After our charge was repulsed about six in the afternoon four 
Cohorn mortars were brought in, to relieve us, and opened fire, 



SIXTH MAINE RATTER y BE/OA'E PETERSBURG. 251 

which nuist have been new business to the rebels as the shells 
(twenty-four pounders) woukl drop behind their works and 
burst, throwin<; tlie pieces in all directions and making them 
yell terribly. Their works were a good protection against a 
direct fire but not against mortar shells which were fired at 
an elevation of forty-five degrees and distance regulated by 
amount of powder used. After the mortar battery got the 
range all right, we withdrevv our guns by hand for some distance 
and then went to the rear for a much needed rest, as we had 
been " in it " in some form about every day since our first shot 
of the campaign in the Wilderness, May 6th. Our rest was 
very short, however, as the twenty-second we were sent in to 
help re-establish the line on the Jerusalem I'lank Road, where 
the enemy had got in between the Second and Si.xth Corps, 
ca[)turing a lot of the former. We worked all night and threw 
up three sets of breastworks as we advanced, the last position 
being about one hundred yards in front of where T'ort Davis 
was afterwards built. 

As this article is in regard to our operations around Peters- 
burg I will skij) our second expedition to Deep Bottom in front 
of Richmond with the Second Corps, and take it up on our 
entrance to h^ort Davis about August 22d. This fort was on the 
Jerusalem Plank Road and the ne.xt to the left of I'\M-t Sedgwick 
(called Fort Ilell). We thought this a daisy place and it cer- 
tainly was until the night of September 20th, when two regi- 
ments were taken out of Davis and with other infantry in line 
succeeded in capturing the rebel picket line in front of I<"orts 
Mell and Davis. There had been no picket firing on that line 
and they had become very careless, consequently the line was 
easily captured, but many men were killed and wounded in 
turning and holding it, and from that time out Fort Davis or 
any other part of that line were disagreeable places, as the 
picket firing was continued both day and night, and we were 
obliged to open fire from Davis very often, and then i-'ort 
Mahone would open on us, which would get up quite an artill- 
ery duel. 



262 "t^nk Maine bUgLK. 

A signal station was in a tall tree inside of the fort, and the 
operators were driven out of it twice while we were there by 
shots from the picket lines. They fortified the tree as well as 
possible, but even then it was too warm for them at times. A 
new negro regiment, moving down the lines, marched into the 
Jerusalem Road a short distance to the rear of Fort Hell 
and in front of Davis. As they came in sight of Fort Mahone 
it opened on them with shell, wounding a few of them. They 
were quickly demoralized and made a run for the rear, throwing 
away guns and knapsacks, which were quickly gathered in by 
the infantry and our boys. One of the negroes, who was slightly 
wounded in the ankle by a piece of shell was making a great 
fuss over it when one of the re-enlisted veterans of a Jersey 
regiment said, " Oh, shut up; Fd give a hundred dollars for 
that in a minute." 

We moved from this place (October 22d, and went around to 
the right, two guns going into Fort McGilvery and two into 
Battery No. 9. Fort McGilvery was about a half-mile from the 
Appomattox river, the extreme right of our lines fronting 
Petersburg. This fort was named for our former captain, who, 
at the time of his death was chief of artillery in the Tentii 
Corps. I was not stationed in Fort McGilvery but visited there 
often. They received no infantry fire but a plenty of mortar 
and other artillery fire and it was rather a disagreeable place at 
times as they had no bomb proofs. Battery No. 9 was about 
two hundred yards to the left of Fort McGilvery and about five 
hundred to the right of Fort Steadman. It was in an angle of 
the line and projected beyond the main line, so that the i>icket 
lines on each side of it did not connect in front except by 
videttes on very dark nights. It was feared that the enemy 
would mine this battery, and a countermine was sunk running 
under it in which an infantry guard was kept all of the time, a 
ramrod was driven into the ground and one of them would put 
his car to it occasionally, while another had a small hole fillet! 
with water, which he would measure. No attempt however 
was ever made to mine it, to my knowledge, although we had 



SIXTH MAINE BATTERY BEFORE PETERSBURG. 253 

rumors often that it was minctl and would Ijc blown up at a 
certain hour. 

Our men and officers all lived in bomb proofs and I cannot 
better describe it than (juotc from "Maine in the War." 
"Battery No. 9, where was stationed the left section, an irre<^ular 
work thrown up or rather burrowed from the inside, resembling 
a prairie-dog house, was situated in a hollow between Forts 
McGilvcry and Steadman and only about seventy-five yards 
from the enemy's line. It directly faced the Spring Mill Battery 
and with this contended almost daily until it fairly mastered it 
or, at least, the enemy did not open fire under the strongest 
provocation. It was on this part of the line that the enemy's 
sharpshooters (admirably posted and sheltered) did a great 
deal of mischief, and no man could in the least expose himself 
to their sight without imminent danger to his life. This section 
had one man killed and one wounded by sharpshooters during 
their stay here, l^eing almost buried under the bomb proofs, 
the men suffered great inconveniences from the caving in of the 
earth and the filling in of water, and were occasionally obliged 
to expose themselves in making needed repairs. This section 
also won great praise, and rebel deserters and prisoners testified 
to its effective work." 

We belonged to the Second Army Corps but when they were 
relieved from that part of the line we remained with the Ninth 
Corps who took their place. The Twentieth Michigan Infantry 
was in the battery nith us, the Sixtieth Ohio on the right and 
Second Michigan Sharpshooters on the left. Two eight -inch 
mortars manned by men of the First Connecticut Heavy Artil- 
lery was also in the battery. The lines being very near together 
the picket firing was kept up about all of the time. One of 
our guns was loaded with canister every night, and the man on 
guartl kept the lanyard with friction primer attached in his 
hand rearly to alarm the line if a charge was attempted. We 
had some terrible artillery duels during the winter; sometimes 
they would last well into the night, and the sight must have 
been srand to those out of the reach of the missiles. Both 



254 ^^^^ MAINE BVGLt. 

lines were well studded with mortars and the shells with burnini^ 
fuse looked like sky rockets. Battery No. 5 down on the river 
tisually started the ball and then we, farther up the line, would 
get the benefit. 

Goose Neck and Chesterfield rebel batteries of twenty and 
thirty-two pounders across the river had a complete flank fire 
on our line up to Fort Steadman, and when they opened we 
usually had to hunt our holes unless we were obliged to open on 
our front, but we were not supposed to open unless Colquits Sali- 
ent opposite Fort Steadman, which we called at the time Spring 
Hill, opened on our lines. 

In the ravine of Harrison's Creek in rear of No. 9 was a large 
number of cooks for the various regiments in the line and also 
some sutlers who were doing a thriving business, skinning the 
boys, whose appetites for their goods was appeased only to the 
extent of their cash and credit for checks issued by them. One 
night a furious cannonade took place on the line and about all 
of the missiles, which passed over the front line, would find 
their way to this ravine. One of them got rattled and scooted 
for the rear. He buried some of his canned goods, etc., in the 
bank, but left his tent and balance of goods to the tender mer- 
cies of the cooks quartered there. He returned the next day 
to find everything gone but his tent. He rolled that up and 
said he would send a team after it that night. The team came 
but in the meantime the cooks had stolen the tent also. 

We remained in this place four months and twenty-three days 
and were relieved the night of March 15th, 1865, by two guns 
of the Nineteenth New York Battery, but Batteries C and I of 
the United States Artillery were there the morning of the twenty- 
fifth, when the enemy broke through between No. 9 and Fort 
Steadman and came near gaining quite a victory, but were driven 
back with a loss of about twenty-five hundred men in prisoners, 
etc., anrl the lines re-established by nine o'clock in the forenoon. 
At this time we were near the tall frame signal station, some 
seven to eight miles to the left of Petersburg, where we expected 
to join our corps, but as it happened we never saw the Second 
Corps again until the grand review in Washington. 



THE HATTLF. op TI/E PINES. 255 

Wc were put into the line at Fort Welch to support a charge 
of the Sixth Corps on the south side of the railroad the morn- 
ing of April 2nd, which was successful, and it compelled the 
evacuation of Petersburg and Richmond. After the line was 
broken we were ordered back to Petersburg to assist the Ninth 
Corps, who were trying to capture the entrenchments in front 
of Fort liell. We were too late to he of any assistance as the 
city was captured before we got there. Our men and horses 
were ordered into the captured lines to get the ammunition out 
of the magazines and we hauled out ten of the abandoned guns. 
None of the rebel dead had been buried ; they were scattered 
around in all directions, and every one of them had their pock- 
ets turned wrong side out, showing that someone had given them 
attention. 

This ended our active service as we did not follow the army 
to Appomattox, but went into camp on the City Point road, 
where we remained until we started for home May 3d, arrived 
in Augusta June 7th, and discharged the 17th. 

Note. — Comrade Rhoilcs visited the localities descril>ed in this article in the (all of 
1S92, and will, in a future issue, give the present appearance of these historic .ijrcmiKls. 
— Ei). 



The Battle of the Pines. 

Come all ye j^allant heroes who now are under arms, 
Who wore the robe of hattle, the llnion uniform, 
Come listen to my ditty while I sing you a few lines 
In jiraise of Casey's heroes at the 1 'attic of the I'ines. 

It was on the 31st of May, about the hour of one, 
The rebel force from Kichmontl came ]iroudly marching on 
With overwhelming numbers; 'twas plainly their design 
To crush the gallant Casey ami penetrate our line. 

The hilltops and the valleys with rebels seemed to swarm. 
And dashing down ujjon our camps scarce giving us time to form; 
l>ul round the lianner of the Free we rallied with three cheers, 
.\nd with blow for blow we met the foe like Yankee volunteers. 

The venerable old Casey seemed in his prime again : 

With sword in hand he faced the foe and cheered his sjallant men. 



25G THE MAINE BUGLE. 

" Stand linn, my Ixiys," the veteran cries, " although they're six to one 
We'll slinw them that the N'ankte i>()ys from ilanj^er never run." 

This fjallant force was soon exposed to front and llankiiif^ lire, 
And when overwhelmed by numbers reluctantly retired. 
And uith the jjreatest valor fouf^ht desperately their {ground. 
While shot and shell around them, fast dealing death anrl wounds. 

In praise of Casey's heroes too much cannot be said 

Although it was reported that they so badly lied; 

For full four hours they fought the foe, till half their men were slain 

\\m\ held the rebel force in check till re-enforcements came. 

Long live his brave artillery; their work was nobly done. 
They neither lied nor faltered, but nobly worked their guns; 
Upon the rebel column their iron hail they poured, 

Plowing furrows through their ranks and mowing them down in scores. 

All honor to l>rave Casey, all honor to his men 
Who against a far superior force so nobly did contend; 
They bore the brunt of battle, they won for us the day, 
And million voices shout the praise of Casey's gallant men. 



A Rebuttal to Captain Bliss' Review of Aldie. 

IIY MAJOR Ill'-.NKV C. HAM., I'IRST MAINK CAVAI.KV. 

The article of Capt. Bliss in the April number of the Buc.LE 
in relation to the cavalry action at Aldie, June 17th, 1863, 
seems to call for a rejjl}' from some member of the I^^irst Maine 
Cavalry, who was present on that memorable field and had a 
part in that severe cavalry contest. Capt. l^liss be<^ins by say- 
intr; "The history of the I<"irst Maine Cavalry leaves the 
impression that the rebel cavalry was forced from the pass 
(at Aldie) by the Union troops, and to correct this I send my 
talc of a soldier." 

In order to "correct" an impression or a statement it is quite 
important to be able to show, conclusively, that the impression 
or statement is wronc^ or false. Capt. liliss has no personal 
knowled<(e of the matter he seeks to "correct" nor does he 
claim or intimate that he has a particle of evidence or informa- 
tion from an)' Union source whatever to prove his claim or to 



Major j/all's reI'Iew of ai.die. 267 

siipjjort his corrected impressions. What then is the basis 
of his article? what tlie premises by which he readies liis 
strange conchisions? Why, Confederate statements made from 
recollection nearly a quarter of a century after the incidents to 
which they relate were enacted. 

Now it seems to me that if Cai)t. Bliss had designed and 
desired to write accurate and reliable history he would ha\'e 
given, at least, equal space and equal prominence to official 
Union reports of that action with Confederate statements made 
from memory so many years aftervvard, and then, if he found 
a[)parent differences or disagreements, he would have tried to 
harmonize them, and if unable to do so to have stated the 
points of difference or disagreements clearly, as he is evidently 
able to do, and let his readers decide the (juestions of fact. 
And yet I am unwilling to believe that so brave and accom- 
[ilished an officer as Ca[)t. I^liss is reputed to have been would 
willfully or designedly write and publish an article, that reflects 
so much discredit upon the honor and integrity of the officers 
who wrote the reports of that action on the Union side without 
some honorable and worthy motive, but I confess I am unable 
to divine his purpose, unless it be to provoke discussion whereby 
all the facts and incidents of that important action may be laid 
bare in tne interest of truth and impartial history. I will 
assume, for the purposes of this article, that I have guessed his 
purpose and that it is as I have indicated. 

Now he has put in his side of the case and rested, I will l)egin 
by calling a few witnesses. I will call Gen. I). McM. Gregg, 
who commanded the Second Cavalry Division on the day in 
question. Gen. Gregg says in his re[)ort of that action, " Mov- 
ing to the front I found the Second Brigade engaged with a 
superior force. The necessity for re-enforcements being appar- 
ent, the First Maine Regiment was ordered to report to Gen. 
Kilpatrick. This regiment moved to the front, charged the 
enemy at the critical moment, and in connection with the regi- 
ments of the Second l^rigade which had been charging the 
cnem}' and receiving his charges, drove the cncviy from the field 



258 T^fP- MAINE BUGLE. 

(italics mine) inflicting upon him severe loss in killed, wounded 
and prisoners. The enemy, strongly posted and in superior 
force to Kilpatrick's brigade, seemed determined to repossess 
himself of the town, but the gallant charges of the Second and 
Fourth New York, the First Massachusetts, Sixth Ohio and 
First Maine and the well directed fire of Randol's Battery were 
more than enough to make him fail in this and covtfcl his flight 
to the hills beyond. 

Gen. J. Irving Gregg, commanding Second Brigade, Second 
Division, says, " About six o'clock I sent the First Maine." 

Gen. Charles H. Smith, then lieutenant-colonel of the First 
Maine, in his report says, " A portion of this regiment led by 
Col. Douty, charged, turned the enemy and (\rove hivi from the 
hill and his stronghold among the stone walls. The regiment 
rained the position, secured our wounded, collected the trophies 
of the field, and were burying the dead when relieved, just 
before dark." 

James Canwell, of Company H, First Maine Cavalry, a mod- 
est but brave and reliable soldier, was carried into the Confed- 
erate ranks on our charge by his strong-headed horse, which he 
was unable to control, and he consequently became a prisoner. 
After his exchange and return to his company he related to me 
the circumstances of his capture and voluntarily stated in rela- 
tion to the mounted force whom the First Maine charged that 
" they ran more than two miles from where we struck them," 
and " I never saw men so badly frightened as they appeared 
to be." 

It seems unnecessary for me to take the stand or to add any- 
thing to the foregoing reports and statements of men of unques- 
tioned honor and integrity, who were present on that field and 
had a part in the action which they shortly after reported to 
their superior officers. I will state, however, that I was in my 
place that day and yet retain a very vivid recollection of what 
transpired there. 1 wrote the article in our history on the First 
Maine at Aldie, attributed to me, in the winter following the 
close of the war, entirely from memor)-, and now, after so many 



MAJOR HALL'S REVIEW OF ALDIE. 259 

years in whicli I have had recourse to official, reports and docu- 
ments, I have no desire to alter or amend that article in any 
important i)articular. I will also add that when we struck the 
victorious enemy, they were driving Kilpatrick's men in confu- 
sion from the field but our blow was so bold, so sudtlen and 
apparently so une\i)ected that even those brave men in the van, 
whom we hrst met, hesitated but an instant and tiien turned on 
the run to their rear. The j^oint where we struck them was on 
the Snicker's Gap Road a short distance from its intersection 
with the Middlebur,!4 Pike, and we pursued them on the i^allop 
to those fatal walls where so many of our brave men had already 
fallen. Gen. Smith, who has been over the field within a few 
years, assures me that the distance from the point where we 
struck them to those walls is " a good mile." 

I am sure that no mounted Confederate was seen again that 
day after our charge on our sitle, the Aklie sitle, of those walls, 
and I am eciually sure that the dismounted C(jnfetleiates, l)chind 
the walls and fences from which they had emi)tied so many 
Union saddles during the engagement, held their position with 
a courage and tenacity worthy of men engaged in a better cause 
and were not routeil until Major Boothby, reinforced by the bat- 
talion untler Lieut. -Col. Smith, succeeded in getting on their left 
Hank and rear when they suddenly left the field. 

I might adduce other testimony to the same effect as the 
above, but, as it would be only cumulative, I desist. I desire to 
very briefly review the evidence Capt. Bliss presents to " correct 
the impression that the rebel cavalry was forced from the pass 
by the Union troops." He first presents Major McClellan who 
wasn't th«re and is, therefore, personally as ignorant of the sub- 
ject matter of which he writes as Capt. l^liss himself Indeed, 
at that very time he was being chased out of Middleburg. miles 
away, by Capt. Bliss and his gallant Rhode Islanders. He says 
Gen. Stuart sent an order to Gen. Mumford to withdraw, and 
from that fact, which no one disputes, he argues that Mumford, 
victorious, voluntarily or in pursuance of such order, retired 
from the field — a purely presumptive piece of e\'idencc which 



260 TlfP- MAINE BUGLE. 

would have no weight nor place in a court of law, nut even in 
a police court, but we will admit it and let the jury, the many- 
readers of the BlKJLK, determine its relevancy and value. 

He next calls Capt. Robertson who carried the order from 
Gen. Stuart to Gen. Mumford. It will be remembered that 
Capt. Bli.ss states in his account of the action of his rei^iment 
at Middleburg that "At four i-. M. our troops struck pickets 
and charged them at once, driving Stuart and his staff out of 
IMiddleburg." Capt. Robertson says, "Shortly afterwards (after 
Stuart had been driven out of Middleburg) Gen. .Stuart called 
me and gave me the following order to Mumford." And further 
on he says, "Less than an hour afterward (after he had received 
the order) these orders were given you (Mumford) at yXldic' 
and, as I remember, quite late in the evening. I found you 
(Mumford) sharply engaged but recall no impression of the 
enemy's pressing or having anything to do with your falling 
back, which of course immediately followed my order from 
Stuart." Now, at four \\ M. Stuart was driven out of Middle- 
burg and "shortly afterwards" Capt. Robertson started with the 
order to Mumford which, he says, he delivered in "less than an 
hour." "Less than an hour" added to "shortly afterwards" — 
after four 1'. M. — would make the time about 5 l'. M. when 
Mumford received the order at Aldie and, "of course, imme- 
diately" retired from the field. Gen. J. L'ving (iregg says, 
"About six I'. M. I sent the 1^'irst Maine." I shoukl state the 
time wiien we charged as late as six-thirt)- 1'. M. When Gen. 
J. Irving Gregg says "about six l'. M. I sent the P'irsl Maine" he 
undoubtedly means to be understood that "about" that lime he 
gave the order. When we received the order we were halted 
and alone east of .\ldie and Little River. After we received 
the order we moved leisurely across the stone arch bridge, 
through Aldic and were some little distance up the left bank 
of the river when we were ordered "P'ours right about" in haste 
and moved back across the Middleburg Pike and up over the 
hill where two guns of Randol's batter)' were posted and 
engaged. We formed in column of squadrons to the left and 



MAJOR II ALLS REVIEW OF A I. DIE. 



261 



front of Randol's ljuiis from which jjoiiit \vc charged. Now I 
feci safe in statini; that fully thirty minutes elapsed from the 
time we left our i)osition east of Aklie to the time we set out on 
the chart^e which would brin^ the latter time to six-thirty 1'. M. 
Hut Capt. Bliss and Capt. Robertson, as we have seen, make 
the time when Gen. Mumfortl "of course, immediately" left the 
field, at about five I'. M. 

Now if Capt. Bliss and Capt. Robertson are even appro.xi- 
nialely correct as to the time Mumford retiretl he must have 
been s^one at least an hour when the h'irst Maine arrived on the 
field and that, consetjuently, the h'irst Maine had no part in the 
fii;ht and we have been laborini^ under a delusion all these 
years. But Capt. Robertson alst) states, "These orders were 
given you (Mumft^rtl) at Aldie and, as I remember, quite late 
in the evenini^." If "(jiiite late in the evenin^r" means about 
sunset, later than seven I'. M., the time when Mumford's dis- 
mounted men were fiuxetl from their stronghold of w.dls ami 
fences, the order could not have been delivered at Aldu\ for 
there had not been a mounted Confederate seen within a mile 
(;f Aldie on the .Snicker's (iap road by which Cen. Mumford 
says he retired, from the time they retired in haste before the 
I^'irst Miiine to and beyond those fatal walls which Gen. Smith 
says were ".i s^nxxl mile" from where we struck them and from 
where James Canwell says "they rcUi more than two miles." I 
think Capt. Bliss should inform the readers of the BUGLK at 
what time Gen. Mumford really received Gen. Stuart's orders 
ami "of course, immediately" retired from the held. I am 
unable to determine from his arlicle. Was it about five 1'. M., 
when, according to his and Capt. Robertson's statements, 
Stuart's order-, were delivered to Mumford at Aldie, and more 
than an hour before the First Maine reached the field? Was it 
at about si.\-thirty I'. M. when Mumford's whole mounted force, 
in niy estimation two regiments, retired in haste for "a good 
mile," and as Canwell who involuntarily went. with thinn says, 
"more than two miles," and were not seen again that day? 
Or, was it "quite late in the evening," when Maj. Boothby, 



262 77/i5: MAINE BUGLE. 

reinforced by Lieut. -Col. Smith's battalion and also by a por- 
tion of the First Massachusetts that had rallied and returned to 
the flight, L^ot in on the left flank and rear of Muniford's dis- 
mounted men and threatened their cai)ture? If he received 
Stuart's order at Aldie, he did not "of course, immediately" 
retire for we ft)und him there in force within a few yards of the 
muzzles of Randol's i^uns as late as si.x-thirty r. M. If he 
received the order at six-thirty i'. M. he only withdrew his 
mounted men, and them somewhat hastily, as we have seen, for 
we were enL;a<^ed with his dismounted men amoni; the wails 
until after seven r. M. when they too, retired in haste. 

Now, a word as to tlie statements of Gen. Mumford, the 
doui^hty old commander of the Confederates that day. He 
says, " I was ordered to retire by a staff officer from Gen. 
Stuart." " I would have preferred to attempt to hold on, to 
leavinL]^, as my men had gained confidence and we believed we 
could keep them off." " I did retire upon the Snicker's Gap 
road but was not pressed." And this is all he says about 
retiring. lie does not tell Capt. Bliss, in his letter quoted, 
the time he received the order nor when he retired. He 
does not say that he retired from Aldie, nor from a jioint 
" a good mile " from Aldie, but that he " retired upon the 
Snicker's Ga[) road but was not pressed." I have a very dis- 
tinct recollection that he was " pressed " at Aldie and also at a 
point " a good mile " from Aldie on the Snicker's Gap Road. 
Must it not have been, then, as Cai)t. Robertson says " t[uite 
late in the evening " and from a point Jarnes Canwell si)eaks of 
"more than two miles " from Aldie? W^ith this view of the 
time and place all the reports harmoni/.e, Gen. Mumford's 
statements are correct, and the history of the h'irst Maine Cav- 
alry is correct. All are correct who have written on the subject 
excej)! those who were not there. 



SOLDIERS FROM LEE. 268 



Soldiers from Lee, Penobscot County. 

I\ rilK WAR OF 'II IE KlillELLIOX. 

liV MAJiiK C. .1. HOrsK, AUGCSTA, MAINE. 

The followinj^f is a complete list of Lcc men who served in 
tlie late war. It inchules no residents of other towns who may 
have gone to fill that town's quota but docs include all who 
were actual residents of Lee at the time of their enlistment, 
whether going for Lee or some other town. Keith and Moody 
were Province men who were making their home there as labor- 
ers. The fact that King was a resident of Lee has been ques- 
tioned, but I have positive proof that he was living there with 
his family six months at least before he enlisted and the further 
fact that he was enrolled there as he was drafted from that town 
a few months after enlistment. All the others were well known 
old residents. The name, highest rank attained and the organ- 
ization or organizations in which they served are given, an-d the 
casualties, such as killed, wounded, died, prisoner or died in 
prison are all noted. This list has been made with the utmost 
care, not only by getting all the information possible from the 
records at Augusta but by personal interviews in most cases 
either with the soldier or his relatives and friends. I have been 
personally acquainted with every man on the list excepting 
Ilanscomb. Keith, Moody and Whitney. 

N'oTK..— It may be well to add, the population of Lee in i860 was 937, the number 
of polls was 231. The numher in above list is 109. Members of the P'irst Maine 
Cavalry in the above list have their full record in the pages of their history as given. 
The history is in error concerning Wni. ll. Thurlow; he died in Danville prison, 
Oct. 13, 1864 — grave Xo. 1 102. — Kn. 

Annis, Jotham S., (orpl.Co. l>, iith Me. Inf.: wounded. 

.\verill, Nathan, Sgt. Co. H, nth Me. Inf. 

Harnes, Ira, I'vt. Co. I, i6th Me. Inf. 

Harnes, James A., I'vt. Co. K. 1st Me. Hvy. Arty.; wounded; later killed. 

Hartlett, Uartimus. I'vt. Co. I), nth Me. Inf.; died. 

Bartlett, Emerson, I'vt. Co. E, ist Me. Hvy. .Vrty.; killed. 



264 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Bartlclt, William, Pvt. Co. I), nth Mc. Inf. and Co. K, 1st Mc. Hvy. Art.; woundeil. 

Blanchard, David D., Pvt. Co. E, ist Mc. Cav. Hist. y. 532. 

Bowler, Joseph S., ist l.icul. Co. K, 22(1 Mc. Inf. ami Co. K. iilii Mc. Inf. 

Bradford, Ira, U. S. Navy. 

Burke, Charles II., Pvt. Co. I), nth Me. Inf. and Co. I), Sth Me. Inf.; wdunde.l. 

lUirke, Joseph W., ist I.ieut. 6th Me. Battery; wounded. 

Carver, .Vlonzo, Pvt. Co. I), iilh Me. Inf.; \v(ninded. 

Cleaveland. C'harles A., Pvt. Co. A, 1st Me. Cav.; died in ])rison. Hist. p. 471. 

Cleavcland, Elisha B., Sergt. Co. A, ist Me Cav. Hist, p 46S. 

Cleaveland, William H., Cor])l.Co..'\, 1st Me. Cav. ; twice ])risoner; wounded. I list. p.4(>i) 

Clifford, Benjamin ,V., Pvt. Co. D, 2d U. S. Shar])shooters; transferred to (!o. A, 

17th Me. Inf. 
Clifford. Daniel, Pvt. Co. K, 22d Me. Inf. and Co. C, 1st Me. Hvy. /\rly. 
Clifford, Robert, Pvt. Co. .V, 1st Me. Hvy. Arty. 
Cobb, Leonard, Pvt. Co. F, glh Me. Inf. 
Colli). Philip, Pvt. Co. P., nth Mc. Inf. 

Collins, Josiah C, Pvt. Co. D, nth Mc. Inf ;ind Co. I, if.th Mc. Inf. 
Crandlemire, William, Pvt. Co. K, 2d Mc Inf. also (xUas Willuun I'ilicld same Co. 
Daniels, John E., Pvt. Co. K, 1st Me. Cav. liisl. ji. 620. 
Delano, Daniel S., Pvt. Co. C, 15th Me. Inf. 
Doble, William. Pvt. C.>. I, nth Me. Inf. 
Donnell, Roland 11 , Pvt. Co. II, 1st Mc. Hvy. .Arty.; dieil. 
Douglass, Charles .\., Pvt. 61I1 Mc. P.attcry. 
Dunham, P>artimus, Pvt. Co. P., nth Me. Inf. 
Estes, Orrin C., Pvt Co. M, 2d Me. Cav.; died. 
Field, Bohan, ist Sgt. Co. F, 1st Me. Cav. Hist. p. 528. 
Field, Frank, Pvt. Co. II. 19th Me. Inf. 

Field, George E., Sgt. Co. (J, 2d Me. Inf. an.l Co. 1., 2d Mc. Cav. 
Foss, Pienjamin K , Pvt. Co. A, ist Mc Cav.; prisimcr. 
Foss, Charles M., Pvt. Co. I), nth Me. Inf.. also alun William Morrill Co. D. 

i6th Me. Inf. 
Foss, Silas S. Pvt. Co. — . 1st D.C.Cav.; transferred to Co. E, ist Me. Cav. Hist. p. 534 
Gatchell, Charles A.. Pvt. Co. !•:, 1st Me. Hvy. .\rty. 
Gatchell, Ludovic ()., Corpl. Co. K, ist Mc. Hvy. .\rty; died. 
Gilford, Thomas I!., Sgt. Co. A, 1st Me. Hvy. .\rty.; wounded and ])risoner. 
Gilman, Joseph R. M., I'nassigned Recruit fur 12th Mc. Inf. 
Green, Nathan. Pvt. Co. I. 6th Me Inf. and Co. — . — Minn. Inf. 
Green, William, PvtCn. II. nth Mc. Inf.; wouikUiI. 
Ilanscomb, .Vbner, Pvt. Co. .V, 1st Mc. Sharpshooters; transferred to Co. .A. 

20th Mc. Inf. 
Hanson, Cyrus A., Pvt. Co. G, 2d Me. Inf and I'nassigned Recnnt for 12th Me. Inf. 
Hanson, Horace F., Sgt. Co. G, 2d Me. Inf. 
Harding, Frank W., Pvt. Co. H, 3d M.. Inf.; killed. 
Harding, Joseph, Pvt. Co. I, nth Me. inf 
Harmon. Ira C, Pvt. Co. F, nth .Me. Inf. 
Hayes, Michael, Pvt. Co. H, 1st D. C. Cav. and Co. K, 1st Mc. Cav.; dicil in jirisoii. 

Hist. ]). 622. 



SOLDIERS FROM LEE. 265 

House, Charles J., ist Lieut. Cos. Y., C and G, isl Me. Ilvy. Arty; twice wuundeil. 
House, (}eor{je W., I'vt.Co. I, 6lh Me. Inf. and Co. D, 8th U. S. Veteran Inf; wounded. 
House Matthew I'., I'vt. Co. I), nth ^re. Inf, and Co. I. 51I1 U. S. Veteran Inf.; 

]irisoner. 
Ininan, Horatio W., I'vt. Co. 1), i6th Me. Inf. 
Jackson, William G., I'vt. Co. H, 1st Me. Hvy. Arty.; killed. 
Johnson, Charles K., I'vt. Co. 15, 8th Me. Inf. 
Johnson, Stephen M., I'vt. 19th Co. Unassiyned Me. Inf. 
Jordan, Thomas M , I'vt. Co. I, lith Me. Inf. 
Keith, George, Pvt. Co. K, 8th Me. Inf. 
King, Sylvester, I'vt. Co. L, 1st Me. Hvy. .\rty. 
Kneeland, Charles II., Pvt. Co. D, i6th Me. Inf. 

Knights. Willard, Corpl. Co. A, Ist Me. Hvy. Arty, and Co. M. 31st Me. Inf. 
Lancaster, Henjamin, I'vt. C<>. .\. 1st Me. Sharpshcjotcrs ; wounded. 
Lowell, Horace II., Corpl. Co. .\, 1st Me. Cav.; twice prisoner. Hist. p. 469. 
Ludden, John K., Pvt.Co.A, 1st Me. Sharjjshooters; transferred to Co.A, 20th Me Inf. 
Mallett, Howard, Pvt. Co. D, i6th Me. Inf.; died. 

Mallett, Samuel T., Pvt. Co. G, 2d Me. Inf.; transferred to Co. C. 20tli Me. Inf. 
Merrill. Charles IL, Pvt. Co. D, nth Me. Inf. 
Moody, John J., I'vt. Co. — , 17th U. S. Inf. 

Morton. Ilosea ()., Sgt. Co. I), 6th Me. Inf. transferred to Co. K. isl Me. Vet. Inf. 
Murphy, James .\., Copl. Co. K, 2d Me. Inf. and Co. H, ist I). C. Cav.; transferred 

to Co. K, 1st Me. Cav.; died in ])rison. Hist. p. 615. 
Xealey, Charles II., I'vt. 19th Co. Unassigned Me. Inf. 
Norton, Simon L., I'vt. Co. I), 4th Me. lid;, transferred to Co. 1 ). I9lii Me. Inf.; 

wounded. 
Patterson, John .\., Pvt. Co. H, new organization, I2tli Me. Inf. 
Patterson, Kufus K., I'vt. Co. II, new organization, 12th Me. lid. 
Peacock, Jesse J , Pvt. Co. K, Ist Me. Hvy. .\rty. ; died. 
Poole, Thomas J., Pvt. Co. F, 12th Me. Inf. 
Potter, Charles .\., Pvt. Co. F, 9th Me. Inf. 
Randall, Henry F., 1st Sgt. Co. I!, nth Me. Inf. 
Keed, John P., Wagoner Co. K, nth Me. Inf.; died. 
Reed, Levi M., Pvt. Co. n, I9lh Me. Inf.; transferred to Co. II, ist Me. Hvy. 

Arty.; wounded. 
Ricker, IJrainard .\., Pvt. Co. K, nth Me. Inf. 

Ricker, Josejjh G.. Com. Sgt. nth Me. Inf. (formerly wagoner in Co. K.) 
Ricker. Moses, Pvi. Co. E, 22d Me. Inf.; died. 
Riggs, Seth IL. Pvt. Co. 15, nth Me. Inf.; wounded. 
Robinson, George S., Pvt. Co. D, nth Me. Inf.; died. 
RoUin.s, Pcnjamin W., Pvt. (a). F, Ist Me. Hvy. Arty.; wounded. 
Rollins, Richard M., Pvt. 6th Me. Battery; also alias John Hook, Co. P, 12th 

Me. Inf.; died. 
Royal, Joseph C, Pvt. Co. I, 7th Me. Inf. 

.Salter, Seth T., Corpl. Co. H. nth Me. Inf. and Co. F, I5tl) Me. Inf. 
Sprague, William, Sgl.Co.,\, 1st Me. Sharpshooters; transferred to Co.,\, 20lh Me. Inf. 
Stajdes, Ilolman, Pvt. Co. E, ist Me. Hvy. -Vrty. ; killed. 



266 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Staples, Wentworth, Pvt. Co. 1 ), iilh Me. Inf. and Co. t, 1st Mc. Ilvy. Arty ; wounded. 

Thomas, Converse, I'vl. Co. H, 1st Me. I Ivy. Arty.; twice wounded. 

Thomas, James A., I'vt. Co. C, 7th Me. Inf.; killed. 

Thomas, Oscar, Pvt. Co. K, 2d Me. Inf.; transferred to Co. I. 20lh Mu. Inf.; prisoner. 

Thomas, Samuel .\ , IVt. Co. H, ist Me. Ilvy. .\rty.; ununded. 

Thompson, Charles 1)., Pvt. Co. A, 1st Me. Cav.; died in prison. Hi.-,l p. 477. 

Thompson, Samuel A., Pvt. Co. .\, ist Me. Cav. Hist. ]>. 477. 

Thurlow, Charles, Pvt. Co. E, ist Me. Hvy. Arty; died. 

Thurlow, Henry J., Corpl. Co. E, 22d Me. Inf. and Co. — , ist 1). C. Cav.; trans- 
ferred to Co. M, 1st Me. Cav. Hist. ]>. 649. 

'Ihurlow. Jonas C., Pvt. Co. G, 8th Me. Inf. 

Thurlow, William H., Pvt. Co. — , isl I). C. Cav.; transferred to Co. M, Ist Me. 
Cav.; died in ])rison. Hist. p. 655. 

Tobin, Samuel L., Pvt. Co. C, 8th Me. Inf. 

Tuck, Charles II., Pvt. Co. K, 1st Me. Cav.; Hist. p. 627; and Co. 1", 171I1 Me. 
Inf.; wounded. 

Tuck, Enoch L., Pvt. Co. F, I2tli Me. Inf.; prisoner, exchanj^ed, ilied. 

Tucker, George M., Pvt. Co. F, if>lh Me. Inf.; died in prison. 

Tucker, George P., Pvt. Co. K, 1st Me. Cav. Hist. ]>. O27. 

Tucker, Philemon, Pvt. Co. E, 22(1 Me. Inf. 

Whitney, Charles P.., Pvt. Co. II, 19th Me. Inf.; killed. 



Reunion of the Thirteenth Maine Association 

The reunion of Gen. Dow'.s old Thirteenth Maine Regiment 
Association in Bethel July i ith, 1894, was the largest gathering 
of the regiment since its muster out in 1865. Mighty-nine tick- 
ets were sold in the Portland office alone. Many of the boys 
took along their wives to enjoy the occasion. Judge Enoch 
Foster met the association at the depot and escorted the crowd 
to the square where ranks were broken, the ladies stopping at 
the licthel House, and the boys congregating in squads on the 
grass telling stories that brought up old associations. The 
transportation [bills were paid V)y Captain Robbins H. Grover. a 
very generous act for " Rob " to do, and the bo)'s fully ap[)re- 
ciated it. 

At about one o'clock all fell in line and proceeded to Odeon 
Hall, where tables were set to accommodate the number present, 
one hundred and seventy-nine. It is enough to say that G. D. 
Robinson of Portland was the caterer. The menu was printed 
on a common manilla tag. On one side was the following: 



REUNION OF THE riURTEENTII MAINE. 267 

DINNKR CALL. 

Rub-a-dub dub 
Fall in for grub, 
We are the people I 
Don't you wish you was us? 
This tag entitles you to full rations. 
Sic Semper I'idelis Paregoric AUegator. 
Reunion Thirteenth Maine Regiment Association, I'ethel, July nth, 1S94. 

On the other side was the following: 

MKNL'. 

Haked 15eans. Brown Bread. 

Ham. Turkey. Tongue. 

Lobster Salad. Chicken Salad. Salmon Salad. 

Cucumbers. Pickles. Radishes. ( )live8. 

Cake. 

I'.ananas. Strawberries and Cream. Oranges. 

Strawb.erry Ice Cream. Vanilla Ice Cream. Chocolate Ice Cream. 

Raspiierry Sherbet. Orange Sherbet. 

Tea. Coffee. 

Judge Fo-ster footed the bills for the bountiful dinner, to which 
the- bo)'s did fidl justice. After all had satisfied the inner man, 
President Groxcr introduced Judge Foster to make an after-din- 
ner speech, which he did in his C)wn happy way, setting the 
boys into roars of laughter. He welcomed the association to 
Bethel and offered the freedom of the beautiful village to them 
during their stay. Capt. Grover then made some very interest- 
ing remarks, and was interrupted often by applause. 

Then followed others as they were called upon by the presi- 
dent. Dr. S. C. Gordon told a good story, which was one on 
" Rob." About this time a dispatch was sent to President 
Cleveland, offering the sympathy and aid, if need be, of the old 
Thirteenth Maine Regiment Association in this hour of great 
need of good judgment, etc. Then followed Col. Fred N. 
Dow, who said ho was there to represent an older and better 
man, who sent his congratidations to the old Thirteenth. Three 
rousing cheers were given for the old veteran Gen. Neal Dow. 
Short speeches followed from Capt. Goodwin, Col. Nelson How- 
ard, Capt. S. S. Andrews, M. G. Frye, Capt. Randall, Capt. 
Jordan, Comrade Ladd, Comrade Foster, Capt. Archer and 
others. Speeches being over, the business meeting was called. 



268 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Secretary Gribben read the records of the last meeting and 
they were accepted. The treasurer's report was read and 
accepted, showing a bahince in the treasury of $11.67. The 
customary collection was taken up. Capt. S. S. Andrews was 
then elected president for the ensuing year. Judge Enoch 
Foster was elected first vice president and Capt. Isaiah Randall 
second vice president. Watson R. Gribben was re-elected 
secretary and treasurer. The executive committee for the 
ensuing year was elected as follows : George F. Mariner, 
W. R. Gribben, Henry Thrasher, Ebcn Burns, Winslow Lawton. 
W. G. Merrill and Thomas H. Flaricty were elected honorary 
members of the association. Rounds and rounds of cheers 
and a tiger were given to Judge Foster and Capt. R. B. Grover 
for their very generous entertainment, also votes of thanks to 
both gentlemen. A round of cheers and a tiger was also given 
for Maj. Abernethy Grover. 

The number of members present by company was A, 5 men ; 
B, 15 men; C, 8 men; D, 4 men; E, 19 men; F, 9 men; 
G, 14 men; H, 12 men; I, 8 men; K, 9 men; Field and Staff, 
I man. Company E being the banner company, the names 
of members of Company E present are here given : Nelson 
Howard, George F. Mariner, I. Y . Ouinby, N. A. Swett, Rollins 
H. Swett, Joseph Hall, Edward Hall, P. T. Griffin, S. A. Ross, 
Edw. S. Pennell, Frank Perry, Clinton Webster, W. R. Gribben, 
A. B. Macomber, A. B. Coffin, James H. Banks, John F. 
Lament, C. " Foxie " Wood, David Tripp. Lunch was served 
before starting for home at 7 o'clock. It will be remembered 
that the Bethel dinner was the best banquet ever set before the 
association. Thanks to Judge Foster. The association will 
meet next year on the second Tuesday in August at Peak Island. 



Ivory R. Allen. 

It has been the editor's good fortune to meet many members 
of the Chelsea G. A. R. Post this summer and all these com- 
rades have a good word for Ivory R. Allen, Company I, First 
Maine Cavalry a member of that Post and an Alderman of 
the city of Chelsea. 



WHO WAS HE? 269 



Who Was He? 

AN UNKNOWN CAVALRY MAN KILLED AT Al'l'(JMATT()X. 

Major II. W. Clarke, of Syracuse, N. Y., secretary of One 
Hundred Eighty-Fifth New York Association in a letter to the 
National Tribune of Maj^ 15th, 1890, incidentally mentioned 
that Lieut. Hiram Clark of his regiment was the last man killed 
at Appomattox. He soon after received a letter from Rev. R. E. 
McP)ride of Seneca, Kan., who was a member of the One 
Hundred Ninetieth Pennsylvania, claiming the sad distinction 
for an unknown cavalry man who fell in with his regiment, and 
was killed near the village after the white flag had appeared. 
Mr. McBride's letter has led to a very interesting correspon- 
dence. "Who was he?" Mr. McBride in one of his letters 
says: "The man belonged to a cavalry force which we found 
fighting and relieved. His comrades moved toward the right, 
but for some reason he remained with us, witnessed our attack, 
— in fact, joined in it. Col. Pattee (commanding the One Hun- 
dred and Ninetieth) informed me a few years since by letter. 
" I did not notice him until just before he was shot, nor did I 
note the regiment to which he belonged." In a subsequent 
letter Mr. McBride writes : " In order to fix the location of the 
occurrence I will quote from the letter written me by Col. Pattee : 
' I gained the presence of the enemy and relieved the cavalry 
(a few of whom remained with us till the close of the battle) 
before the troops on my flanks were got into position. I could 
not hesitate without giving the enemy a dangerous advantage, 
so we pushed forward and kept the lead to the close. We 
drove the infantry back upon their artillery, which lined the crest 
of the long ridge over which the Lynchburg road runs. When 
my line approached the sloping ground, which stretched a long 
way up to the battery, where the enemy were endeavoring to 
form their infantry in line, I thinned my exposed center, placing 
them on my left in the heavy timber, and pushed that flank 
of the enemy's artillery which, however, kept its position until 



270 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

their commander was killed and their horses so shot down that 
they were obliged to turn back their guns by hand. They 
were soon mixed pell-mell with my charging skirmish line, 
when the flag of truce came forward from the village. This was 
a grand affair, and some of the rebel officers with whom I con- 
versed spoke in the highest terms of the splendid and reckless 
manner in which this line of skirmishers fairly rushed upon the 
masses of the enemy, composed of both artillery and infantry. 
The last man killed in our army was a cavalry man who had fol- 
lowed me through all this fight. He sat on his horse only a few 
feet from me, and was shot from the village after we had ceased 
firing, and just after the flag of truce passed through our line. 
Poor fellow ! it seemed hard to die so, after the war was really 
closed. The ball struck the artery of the thigh ; so I suppose 
he died soon after I saw him last.' " 

After speaking of the appearance of the white flag, Mr. 
McBride continues : " We ceased firing, when a few minutes 
later some men to the left of the village (our left) fired at us, 
and we replied and advanced toward them. Then followed the 
occurrence as narrated in my former letter. The shot was not 
fired from the village, but from the left of it. The man died in 
a few minutes, though it seems that Col. Pattee did not witness his 
death." Major Clarke further writes : " Upon a diagram of the 
field which Mr. McBride subsequently sent me, it appears that the 
cavalry referred to were relieved (I refer now to the War Depart- 
ment map of Appomattox Court House) at a point near Plain Run, 
and a little northeast of the Trent house. The man was killed just 
north of the Lynchburg road, in the west edge of the village, 
about opposite the road leading north from the J. Sears house. 
The One Hundred and Ninetieth Pennsylvania was in the Third 
]^rigadc, Second Division, Fifth Corps. Edgar Clements, of the 
Second New York Mounted Rifles, claimed that a man of his 
regiment was killed under circumstances similar to those 
described above, but further investigation establishes the fact 
that the man was wounded but not killed and is living at the 
present time. The question is still unanswered in regard to the 
name and regiment of the unknown cavalryman. 



-^i 




Cknkkal W. W. Avf.kkll. 



THE 



CAVALRY SOCIETY 



Armies of the United States, 



CONSTITUTION, EY-LAWS 



RECORD OK PROCEEDINGS 



MEETING HELD AT CONCORD, N. H., 
June 21 and 22, 1894. 



272 THE MAINE BUGLE. 



Constitution, 

I.— The name of this Association shall he "The Cavalry Society of thk 
Armies ok the United States." 

II. — Any honoralily discharged officer or soldier, who at any time has served in the 
Cavalry Corps m the said Armies, shall ])e entitled to membership in the Society. 

III. — The object of the .Society shall be the jnoniotion of kindly feeling, the revival 
of old associations, and the collection and preservation of records of the services 
rendered by this CorjJS during the "War of the Reliellion." 

IV. — The officers of the Society shall consist of a President, seven Vice-presidents, 
Secretary, Treasurer, and Historian, who shall be, with the exception of the Historian, 
elected at each meeting of the Society. 

V. — The duties of the President shall be to ]ireside at tlie annual meetings, to call 
extraordinary meetings of the Society in case of necessity, and to issue such orders as 
may be necessary for the good government and control of the Society. 

VI. — The Vice-presiilent shall exercise the powers of the President in case of the 
absence of that officer. 

VII. — The Secretary shall keep a Record of the Minutes of the .Scjciety, a Roll of 
Members, and perform all duties usually jiertaining to an office of such character. 

VIII. — The Treasurer shall have control of all funds, to be expended only on 
approval of the President, and shall render an account of all disbursements at the 
annual meeting of the Society. 

IX. — The Historian shall prepare for the use of the Secretary a History of the 
Cavalry Corjis, and of all matters connected therewith of interest to the .Society. 

X. — There shall be a Standard Bearer, who shall be an officer of the Society, and 
who shall be appointed at each annual meeting, by the President. The duties of the 
Standard l>earer shall be to have charge and custody of the I'lag of the Society, and 
carry it on all occasions of ceremony when the Society shall be present. 

XI. — There shall be elected annually an Assistant Secretary, who shall j)erform the 
duties of the Secretary at the annual meetings of the Society, in case of the absence 
of that officer, and who shall perform such other services as pertain to the office of 
Secretary as may be required of him by that officer. 

XII.— There shall be elected annually an Adjutant-(Jeneral, whose duty shall be to 
assist the President in all cases where the Society is formed for parade, and to act as 
an aide to the President and perform such services as that officer may direct. 



By-Laws. 

1. — The Entrance l-'ee of the .Society shall l)e One Dollar. 

II. — The Annual I )ues shall be One Dollar. 

III. — The {'resident shall determine the time and place of each annual meeting, 
being governed in his selection thereof as far as practicable by the lime and place 
of the meeting of the Society of the Army of the Potomac. 



OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY. 273 



Officers of the Society for the Year 1894-95. 

President : 
Gen. JONATHAN P. CILLEY. 

Vice Presidents : 

Major CHARLES G. DAVIS, 
Captain ALLAN G. P. BROWN, 
Col. F. C. LOVELAND, 
Surgeon P. O'MEARA EDSON. 

Vice President of the Society in the Army of the Potomac : 
Gen. SAMUEL E. CHAMBERLAIN. 

Treasurer : 
Major GERRARD IRVINE WHITEHEAD. 

Secretary : 
Gen. LLEWELLYN G. ESTES. 

Assistant Secretary : 
Major WILLIAM H. TURNER. 

Adjutant General : 
Major HENRY C. HALL. 

Standard Bearer : 
Capt. P. M. BOEHN. 

Bugler : 
HENRY T. BARTLETT. 

Historia?i : 
Capt. E. A. PAUL. 



274 THE MAINE BUGLE. 



Report of the Cavalry Reunion. 

The meeting of the Cavalry Society of the Armies of the 
United States, at Concord, N. H., was without Bugle, Banner, 
Secretary, Treasurer and President, through an unfortunate 
combination of circumstances occurring within a day or two of 
time of meeting. Had it not been for the timely presence and 
efficient sword (pen) of Vice President Major Charles G. Davis 
the cavalry would have only been distinguished from the "dough 
boys " by the " blue cotton umbrella " under their arms, after 
the manner of the picture of Daniel in the lion's den. 

Col. John C. Linehan, in memory of Montreal and other 
happy soldierly occasions, had thrown open the offices occupied 
by him as insurance commissioner of New Hampshire to the 
full use and occupation of the wearers of yellow ribbons, and 
thus the cavalry quarters in Concord were all that could be 
desired, and in return Col. Linehan ought to be mounted on 
one of our best horses, that is, if we have any horses remaining 
in the corral. As far as the weather was concerned " the smile 
of the Great Spirit " rested on Concord and the countenances 
of the veteran members of the Army of the Potomac, as well 
as on New Hampshire's lake of lakes. The citizen soldiery of 
the State, the youthful cadets of the city, marched proudly in 
review before the gray-haired veterans of the rebellion, while 
from far and near the youthful men and maidens of the Granite 
State, which breeds men as the best production of its soil, gath- 
ered in beauty and magnitude, to applaud both the war men of 
1 86 1 and 1894. 

To punish the officers of the cavalry for their untimely but 
imavoidable absence the entire board were re-elected, and the 
society adjourned with a determination to rally at New London, 
Conn., next year with Bugle and Banner, and " crossed sabres 
on sunburst " borne on many a breast. 




General Jonathan P. Cilley. 



REPORT OF THE REUNION. 275 

The proposition to have our banner in the custody of the 
cavahy post of Philadelphia for safe keeping, with the proviso 
that such ])t)st detail or have some member present with the 
cavalry banner at each meeting of the society, was discussed 
and will be acted upon at the New London reunion. 

The following is the rei)ort of the Treasurer for the year 
1 893 -'94: 

OkuiwVRU Irvine Whitehead, Treasurer 

In account with TiiE Cavalry Slicikiv of riiK Akmiks of iiif U. S. 

DR. 

1894. 

June 20. To IJalaiicc iif cash in hand o\\ account audited Juiic 26, 

1893, at Boston, S283 89 

" < iasli rcc'd dues and entrance fees, see receipt stuljs 
545 to 5O1 inclusive. 



1893- 

June 27. Expressage on ila^ to New York, 

Printing; hand bills, voucher No. i. 

Room at American House, Boston, for Society Head- 
(juarters, voucher No. 2, 

Cash for rihbon for hadges, 
July 27, Fxpressage on Secretary hooks, 
Aug 17. Printing Proceedings in Maine Bugle, mailing same, etc.; 

voucher No. 3, 
1894. 
June 20. Cash on hand, 

The following officers were duly elected for the ensuing year: 

President — Gen. Jonathan V. Cilley. 

Vice Prcsidoits — Major Charles G. Davis. 

Capt. Allan G. P. Brown. 

Col. F. C. Loveland. 

Surgeon 1^. O'Meara P'dson. 
Vice President of the Society in the Annj of the Potomac — 
Gen. Samuel E. Chamberlain. 

Treasurer — Major Gerrard Irvine Whitehead. 

Secretary — Gen. Llewellyn G. Estes. 

Assistant Secretary — Major William H. Turner. 





46 00 




5329 89 


t 65 




7 00 




ID 00 




I 05 




30 




60 00 




250 89 


s;j->n Sfi 



276 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Adjutant General — Major Henry C. Hall. 

Standard Bearer — Capt. Peter M. Boehn. 

Bugler — Henry T. Bartlett. 

Historian — E. A. Paul. 

It was also unanimously voted that the Cavalry Society pre- 
sent the name of Gen. David McM Gregg to the Society of the 
Army of the Potomac as its candidate for president of the soci- 
ety for the ensuing year. 

Gen. Samuel E. Chamberlain spoke at length on the matter 
of aiding in the erection of a monument to Gen. John Buford, 
which met with most favorable response but no definite action 
was taken by the society except to commend the enter[)rise and 
aid the same as far as possible. 



Minor Incidents of the Reunion. 

ONE OF THE YOUNGEST. 
George W. States, sergeant-major of the Twenty-fourth New 
York Cavalry, is one of the youngest members of the Army of 
the Potomac present this year. He entered the service with 
his picctjlo at the age of twelve years and five months. 

LOANS OF NIOHTSIIIRTS. 
Eight minutes before the train left the Lowell depot in Bos- 
ton June 20th, General R. A. Alger strolled into Colonel Ben 
Lovell's store. " Let's go to Concord, Ben," said he. " But I 
haven't any clothes," said the colonel. " No more have I," 
replied the general, and off the two vets posted. At night 
Landlord Pelren loaned General Alger one of his nightshirts 
and Colonel Lovell borrowed one of P^dson Eastman's. Next 
morning the general bought a fresh collar and with the remark 
that a flowing necktie covers a multitude of sins started back 
again. 

COL. LL\FH.\N. 

Insurance Commissioner Linehan decorated his office for the 
meeting of the cavalry corps with placards bearing tlie names 
of the cavalry commanders and other leading generals. 



MINOR INCIDENTS OF THE REUNION. 277 



OUR GENERALS. 

One of the jolliest, brightest, and best speeches of the even- 
ing came from General John Gibbon, who thus commented upon 
the theme, " Our Generals." 

" Max O'Rell opens his first chapter in his book on i\merica 
with these words: 'The popukition of America is sixty million 
— mostly colonels.' 

Where Mr. O'Rell got his statistics I do not know, but he has 
not done- us justice. Armies are noted generally for giving 
nick-names, and I would suggest that we dub this writer Maxi- 
mum, with the accent on the ' mum.' 

Our censu.-. bureau never has, I think, been in the habit of 
enumerating our colonels, but I am measurably well satisfied 
that this maximum estimate might be incorrect, if to the num- 
ber of colonels existing in the country in i86i, a proper con- 
sideration was given to the number of regiments which took 
the field during the four years of our great civil war, and count- 
ing the colonels on the staff who had no regiments at all. 

That great storehouse of information, the rebellion record 
office, discloses the fact that the regiments in the United States 
service alone numbered st)me two thousand forty-nine. Now, 
when we consider that originally each of these regiments had a 
colonel and a lieutenant-colonel, and that at the start, when the 
popular idea was that the war was going to be a picnic and that 
some of the colonels of the newly raised regiments discovered 
the fact that the state of their health would not permit them to 
undergo the hardships of the slush and mud and battles of 
actual war, and that the state of their military knowledge was 
not sufficient to enable them to drill a squad, is it any wonder 
that they should hasten to choose the halls of Congress in pref- 
erence to the heads of regiments, unmindful of the answer of 
that quick-witted private, who, being posted as a sentinel over 
the ladies' car in the Washington depot, refused to let a member 
of Congress go in because he had no lady with him. ' Hut,' 
exclaimed the indignant gentleman, ' I am a member of Con- 
gress.' ' I don't care if you are,' replied the sentinel, 'if I let 



278 'THE MAINE BUGLE. 

you go in there they will put me in the guard-house, and that's 
a d d sight worse than being in Congress.' 

Many of these colonels, it must be admitted, however, pre- 
ferred the glories of the field to talking in Congress, and finding 
after a short experience that it was difficult to drill a regiment 
before going into action, and dangerous to lead it into battle, 
got Mr. Lincoln to make them brigadier-generals so they could 
remain in the rear of the line of battle, the tactical place for 
generals. It was this sort of thing which added so much to the 
General population of Washington city, and gave, point to 
Artemus Ward's wicked joke about shying a stick at a stray 
dog and hitting a general. 

But after a while the politicians disappeared and the fighting 
colonels came to the front in all senses of the word. As a rule, 
however, they did not stay there long, for a gallant colonel who 
desires to show his men how to fight, is very apt to pay the pen- 
alty and get knocked over. Many fell never to rise again. 
Many others were maimed for life, and had to retire from active 
service, or be promoted for gallantry, giving place to other 
brave fellows who had in the meantime shown not only their 
ability but their eagerness to lead American soldiers in battle. 
These vacancies continued to be made during the war, the 
places being filled by the brave and the meritorious, so that our 
two th<jusand and odd regiments which started with two colonels 
apiece had had by the close of the war six, eight and ten 
colonels each. Now recalling the fact that this statement refers 
to one side only in our great contest, and remembering that the 
same process was going on all the time on the other side (for 
on that side they were Americans, and knew how to lead brave 
men as well as we did), the wonder is not that we have so many 
colonels in this country, but that we have so few. 

If Max O'Rell had waited a few years, studied up the records 
of our great civil war, and realized how it is that the number of 
colonels in this country is so great, the population of America 
would have been a few millions greater, and don't you think he 
might then have given the mass of our population increased 



w 
> 
a 

lO 

c! 
> 




MINOR INCIDENTS OF THE REUNION. 279 

rank and called them generally generals. For we might remind 
him that those of the first grist of colonels who escaped Con- 
gress and the guard-house were all made generals, and if any 
of their successors failed to gain the stars it was. by the merest 
accident in the world, and resulted generally in so much disgust 
of the party omitted, that he sometimes resigned and testified 
his preference for the walks of civil life to any longer partici- 
pating in the glories of the field. 

Several mistakes of this kind were made, and the number of 
our generals in consequence very considerably decreased, 
whereas if the disappointed ones had only possessed foresight 
equal to their hind-sight they might have known, if they had 
only held on and lived, they would have been generals, too, in 
memory of their gallantry on that bloody thirteenth of March, 
1865, when, peace having come, most everybody except the 
privates in the ranks were made generals, somewhat on the 
same plan said to prevail with certain crowned heads, who on 
occasions of great national rejoicings, are accustomed to open 
their prison doors and let loose on society all the state criminals. 

Mr. O'Rell should have loaded with more powder and called 
us all generals. Then instead of being disgusted with him we 
would have patted him on the back and told him he was right, 
that we are a nation of generals, every one of us able (in his 
own opinion) to lead an army against anybody disposed to resist 
the advance of the rights of man, and the rights of women, too, 
as now understood by this great reunited Yankee nation of ours. 
No, no ! Mr. O'Rell, give us our rights, our true rank, and call 
us all generals, and if you can find a larger or more varied 
assortment anywhere in the world let us know it. Moreover, if 
you succeed in finding any higher standard than ours we will 
admit it anywhere and everywhere but here." 

AN INSPIRING SCENE. 

" There are many scenes in the struggles of the Army of the 
Potomac, upon which every contemplative mind loves to dwell. 
My own cherishes with the greatest interest one of the least 



280 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

bloody, but the most important of its hi^h achievements. On 
the morning of April 9th, 1865, when the van of Lee's com- 
mand rushed, with courage and spirit momentarily revived, upon 
the dismounted cavalry of Sheridan, whose terrific energy in 
those last days was never excelled in military conflicts, and his 
forces first checked the morning attack and then withdrew to 
the right, and the rebel advance saw the infantry of Ord and 
Gibbon and Griffin, whose night's march, a terrible and almost an 
impossible one, had placed them in solid column directly across 
the rebel pathway; instantly the captains of that advance real- 
ized that the end had come; they gave their last rebel yell, and 
then up went the white flag, and the rebellion went down for- 
ever. The whole Confederate army of northern Virginia sur- 
rendered to the Union Army of the Potomac." — Senator Chan- 
dler s letter. 



In Memoriam. 

CHARLES TREICIIEL. 

Charles Treichcl was born in Germantown, a suburb of I'hila- 
delphia, in 1841, his father being a very prominent physician 
and thorough student. Deep sympathy with the ills of his 
kind was a well-known family trait handed (.lown from father 
to son. 

In the summer of 1861, not yet 20 years of age, Charles 
Treichel went into the service as second lieutenant of cavalry, 
attached to Gen. Fremont's body-guard. His first engagement 
was at the battle of Springfield, in the fall of that year. The 
cavalry charge in which he then took part is known as 
"Zagonyi's ride to death." The enemy numbered five to one. 
At the word "Forward," however, the body-guard was off on a 
charge that proved irresistible; the shock was terrific, but the 
field was won by the gallant three hundred. In this charge 
three men won national fame for extraordinary bravery — 
Maj. Zagonyi, Lieut. Newhall and Lieut. Treichel. He was 
discharged November 30, 1 861, and again entered service as 



IN MEMORIAM. ' 281 

first lieutenant, Third Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry, Janu- 
ary 24th, 1862, commanded at the time by Col. (afterward 
brigadier-general) W. W. Averill, and was identified with the 
magnificent record of that renowned regiment. With that 
organization Treichel led the advance of the Army of the 
Potomac in the advance to Manassas, and thereafter in the 
Peninsular campaign was engaged in the siege of Yorktown, 
the battle of Williamsburg and the seven days' fight before 
Richmond. 

On the eve of Malvern Hill Treichel and Ncwhall were 
selected by General McClellan from a number of volun- 
teers for special and hazardous duty in carrying dispatches 
through the Confederate forces, and acquitted themselves of 
this dangerous task to the satisfaction of their chief and the 
admiration of the army. On September ist, 1862, Treichel 
was promoted captain, and as such in March, 1863, took a brill- 
iant part in the battle of Kelly's P"ord, where his former colonel, 
Averill, then division commander, won the first real cavalry bat- 
tle of the war, In this engagement a shell passed through the 
body of Captain Treichel's horse, killing the animal of course, 
and severely wounding himself. His indomitable spirit hastened 
his convalescence and brought him back to the regiment in time 
for the Gettysburg campaign. In the crisis of the celebrated 
cavalry fight on the right flank on the third day of Gettysburg 
he won immortal laurels by the charge he led, side by side again 
with Captain Newhall, then brigade adjutant general, with but 
sixteen men and three other officers, on the flank of Wade 
Hampton's and Fitz Hugh Lee's brigades. In this charge 
Treichel's horse was killed, and he received a severe wound, 
which crippled his sabre arm for years. Every officer and 
nearly every man taking part in the charge was wounded, and 
Treichel, while disabled, was taken prisoner, but fortunately 
soon elTected his escape. In October, 1863, upon his recovery, 
he rejoined his regiment and was actively engaged in all the 
operations of that fall and winter. 

In February, 1864, he was appointed provost marshal of the 
Second Cavalry Division of the Army of the Potomac, com- 



282 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

manded by Gen. D. McM. Gregg. He continued to serve in 
this position, and subsequently as commissary of muster on the 
division staff, until after the termination of the war, through alj 
the arduous campaigning and bloody fighting which that com- 
mand experienced as part of the cavalry corps. It is impossi- 
ble, however, to rehearse in this brief compass the many gallant 
deeds which won him the universal admiration of his comrades 
in arms, who looked on him as the very type of what an officer 
of horse should be, not only as the beau sabreur, but the ideal 
officer as well, as wise in judgment, as skilled in preparation, as 
in the charge he was impetuous and irresistible. He was pro- 
moted major December, 1 864, and brevetted lieutenant-colonel 
for gallant services March 13th, 1865, '^'^^ was honorably 
mustered out with his regiment at Richmond, August 7th, 1865, 
having been transferred to the Fifth Pennsylvania Cavalry. 

A few years later he found a field of usefulnesss in New York, 
and in the twenty years of his life there won a host of friends. 
He was appointed auditor of the collector's office in the 
United States Custom House, port of New York. He per- 
formed the duties of that office with rare skill and fidelity until 
the failure of his health compelled him to seek the milder cli- 
mate of southern California. 

When the act authorizing the establishment on the Pacific 
slope of a branch of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer 
Soldiers was passed by Congress, Colonel Treichel was desig- 
nated for its first governor, and assumed command of the home 
at Santa Monica, January 29th, 1888, which he organized and of 
which he superintended the building. It was there he ended 
his days, March 28th, 1894, far from the comrades and friends 
of his youth and of his middle age. 

He has left behind him a beautiful memory and example of 
the life of a Christian soldier. Unswerving in the performance 
of duty, his heart was softer than a girl's to every touch of 
affection or compassion. A typical cavah-yman, dashing, 
reckless of danger and bold as a lion ; with all the energy, 
frankness and directness which belong to the character of a 



IN MEMOKIAM. 283 

trooper, yet with none of its roughness, his nature was as ten- 
der as it was true, and nowhere could be found one more abso- 
lutely and simply true as a friend and as a man than Colonel 
Charles Treichel. 

His remains were followed to the grave by many of his old 
friends and fellow-soldiers. The pall-bearers were Generals D. 
McM. Gregg, Martin T. McMahon and Charles L. Leiper; 
Messrs. S.M. Blatchford, Joseph Treloar and Dr. Morris J. Asch, 
of New York ; Colonel Francis Wister, Lieutenant-Colonels 
George Meade and William Brooke Rawle, Majors Richard 
Lewis Ashhurst and J. Edward Carpenter, Captain William 
Franklin Potter, Lieutenant Harrison L. Newhall and Mr. J. 
Alfred Kay. The services of the interment closed with the 
bugle call " Taps," the trooper's requiem. 

CHARLES G. OTIS. 

Colonel Charles G. Otis, formerly of Yonkers, died at his 
residence, 131 Pacific street, in lirooklyn, N. Y., on Monday, 
Aug. 7, 1893. He had been confined to the house since last 
December. 

Colonel Otis was born 62 years ago, in Troy. When the war 
broke out. he organized a regiment of cavalry there and became 
its colonel, serving throughout the war. He was once captured 
and spent several months in Libby prison before being released 
by exchange. History mentions that he and his troops entered 
a small town down South, and he registered at the hotel as 
"the first Yank in town." 

After the war. Colonel Otis joined his cousins, Charles R. 
and Norton P. Otis, in the manufacture of elevators, and was 
an agent of the Elevator Company at the time of his death. 
He had been in Canada during much of the last two years, 
attending to contracts for elevators, and several years previous 
he spent in Buenos Ayres. 

His wife died about three years ago. Two sons and four 
daughters survive him. Two of the daughters are married, 
being the wives of Cecil R. Lawrence of Yonkers, and Francis 
R. Thomas of Brooklyn. 



284 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

FLOYD CLARKSON. 
At his home in New York City, from paralysis of the heart, 
Colonel Floyd Clarkson died, in the 63d year of his age. He 
wasa gallant soldier, and his grandfather was a signer of the 
Declaration of Independence. He was first a private in the 
Seventh Regiment, and in 1861 went to the front as a thirty-days' 
volunteer. After the expiration of his term of enlistment he was 
commissioned the army as major in the Sixth New York Cavalry. 
He resigned on Sept. 5th, 1862. In the following April he 
again enlisted as major in the Twelfth New York Cavalry, with 
which command he remained until the close of the war. For 
faithful and meritorious services he was made a brevet lieutenant- 
colonel on April 22d, 1865. After the war he went into the 
real estate business, in which he continued until his death. He 
was a member of Lafayette Post, G. A. R., and was commander 
of the New York Department, G. A. R., during the years 
i887-'88, and vice president of the Cavalry Society of the 
Armies of the United States at date of his death. 



Badge of the Society. 

The Badge of the Society is a pair of crossed sabres, accu- 
rately copied from the Regulation Cavalry Sabre, and finely 
finished in gold, upon a boldly worked "sunburst" of silver. 
It is attached to the coat or the ribbon of the Society by means 
of a brooch-pin at the back. 

Price $5.00. Send money with order to Maj. G. Irvine 
Whitehead, Treasurer, 206 Broadway, New York. 

Next Meeting. 

Place of meeting next year, as fixed by Society of the Army 
of the Potomac, is New London. Conn., date not named. 

Cavalry Headquarters. 

The Committee on Reunion, has designated Room No. i, 
Common Pleas Court, Pittsburgh, Pa., for the exclusive use 
of the Cavalry of the Army of the Potomac as its headquarters 
during the G. A. R. National Encampment. 



BUGLE ECHOES. 285 



Bugle Echoes, 

Thjs is a sight for a soldier to see ! 

Bugle, oh, Bugle ! sing loud in your glee ! 
Sing of the valiant who victory win, 
Sing of the heroes who died 'mid the din. 



LETTERS EROM THE COMRADES. 

Idaho's soldiers' home. 

Cait. Monroe DAOGErr, ist Me. Cav. and nth Me. Inf. of Saint Maries, Idaho, 

writes : 

On the 2(1 inst. I received Call 1 of the Maine Bugle. Allow me to congratulate 
you. You have struck the key note at last. The Maine Bugle is eminently correct. 
Give all the old lads a chance, and you will soon learn that it is a very mistaken idea 
that the world has, that the First Maine Cavalry put down the reliellion and saved the 
Union, all by itself, single handed and alone. You will find in a very short space 
of time that there were about thirty-two infantry regiments antl seven batteries 
of light artillery had a hand in that jol), to say nothing of the heavy artillery, the 
sharpshooters, second cavalry, and other organizations. Come to the front now, you 
all day boys, and tell what we all did. The First Cavalry has been holding the fort 
long enough. While at the National Encampment last Septeml>er at Indianapolis I 
met a few of the old First Maine Cavalry boys and many more of other Maine regi- 
ments, but I noticed that there were no other comrades so universally introduced as 
members of the regiment that suppressed the Rebellion as the First Maine Cavalry. 
We were all honored with that recognition. As hinted above, my dear General, you 
will lind that we did not do it alone. No, the infantry and artillery helped, and did 
their part in right royal Ai style. Now you have placed the Bugle on a firm financial 
foundation. 1 wish to make a correction in my article in the January Bugle, 
"A Cavalry Man in the Eleventh Maine Infantry." On page 72, lines 26 and 27, the 
printer makes me say that I did not sleep for four days while on picket; such are not 
the facts, for I did sleep, but only a little, and not more than an hour or so at a time. 
There are one or two other slight mistakes, but not worthy of note. I wish to have 
the Idaho Soldiers' Home noticed by the P.ugle. The G. A. R. of this Department 
have thought that we were doing a very commendable act in establishing a Soldiers' 
Home in this State, and particularly so when we consider the fact that Idaho was not 
then a State and had but a few hundred people at the time of the war, and those few 
were men who had not lost any war, consequently were not hunting for war. We 
have thought that we deserved at least a passing notice^ inasmuch as our little State 
started us out with $250,000 worth of land and $25,000 in cash. We are constructing 
a Home of Ijrick with stone trimmings, large enough to accommodate one hundred 



286 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

persons. We did not get it completed last fall owing to the fearful crisis in the money 
market, but shall complete it early this year. 

Note. — The act securing the above appropriation was secured almost alone by Com- 
rade Daggett, and under his supervision is the home being built and governed. 

WAS A FIGHTINC; MAN FROM THE WORD GO. 

Reuel Thomas, 20th Me., of Cambridge, Mass., writes: 

The BuGLh has arrived; was much pleased to see our old Col. Ames's face. They 
may say what they please airaut Ames, he was a fighting man from the word go. Now- 
let the Bugle blow, so that the echoes may be heard from Maine to the Rio CJrande. 
My last Bugle the boys have at the Engine House. They may want it at the City 
Hall next. Would not be surprised if Gov. Greenhalgh should send for it at the State 
House. General, this publication is going to take in the whole of the United States 
before five years. So blow. Bugle, blow. 

Note. — Comrade Thomas's joke is largely a fact. The issues of the Bugle are in 
the Harvard University library and in the State Library at the State House. 

Din col. CHAPLIN OFFER HIS SWORD? 

Henry E. Sellers, ist Me. Hvy. Art., of Bangor, Me., writes: 

In Comrade F. C. Lowe's communication to you of December 22d, relative to the 
First Maine Heavy Artillery I think he gives the impression that the order to charge 
January i8th, 1864, came from Gen. Mott direct (see Walker's History Second Corps). 
It came from Gen. Mead direct, transmitted in regular order to Col. Chaplin and 
delivered to him by Major J. W. Starbird on Gen. Mott's staff. I was present and 
heard the order, viz. : as given to Majors Sheppard and Grossman and Capt. Clark 
commanding battalions : " We have orders to charge those works immediately. Go in 
in light marching order, with bayonets fixed." I did not see Generals Birney or Mott 
during the day. I do not think Comrade Low saw them. In his letter in the Echoes 
of January 4th, he says he had seen Joel Brown of Co, I, who corroborates the story 
that Col, Chaplin offered his sword to Gen. Birney (now says to Gen. Mott). Now 
Brown's memory, as he states himself, is hazy. Comrade Low was not present, he 
tells me, when Col. Chaplin tendered his sword to Gen. Mott; did not see it; never 
saw a man, a member of the regiment that did, I believe that facts only should be 
stated, that correct history may be developed. 

OUR FIRST taste OF MILITARY SERVICE IN VIRGINIA, 

Pearl G. Ingalls, Co. B, 8th Me., of Razorville, Me., writes ! 

The campaign of 1864 to participants was so full of striking incidents and varied 
scenes from beginning to end that it will remain vivid and fresh in memory through 
life. This campaign, with the Eighth Maine, virtually commenced on the fourth day 
of May, when we embarked on board the steamer Hero at (iloucester Point and 
steamed down the Pamunky, and the next morning found us at Fortress Monroe, 
whence after a few hours of anxious speculation as to our destination we commenced 
enjoying the beautiful scenery up the James river, and the conviction became settled 
that " On to Richmond " was our objective point. At 7 o'clock i'. M. we reached 
Bermuda Hundred, where under cover of the gunboats we disembarked and 
bivouacked in an open field for the night. At an early hour on the morning of the 



BUGLE ECHOES. 287 

6th, we were ordered to pack up and be in readiness to march. This order was 
promptly obeyed and when in line we were addressed by Lieutenant Colonel Boynton, 
then commanding the regiment, and given timely counsel as to our conduct in meeting 
the enemy. We supposed, from the tenor of the advice we were on the verge of a 
deadly conflict with the reiiels, but after marching in this direction, then in that, all 
that very sultry day, through woods and swamps, night overtook us ajjout three and 
one-half miles from our starting point, not having seen a reb — most of the boys 
minus overcoats and blankets. Some had abandoned knapsacks and rubber blankets 
and everything they had in the clothing line except what they wore, the heat being 
so excessive. In Company B was a soldier by the name of Gerry, tall, erect and 
of soldierly bearing, who I always thought must have given his age as forty-five with- 
out telling how long he had held that period of years, who lost his patience, with 
countermarching in the heat, and when our marching indicated that we had at last 
struck the right road, then the old man's voice rang out loud and strong, "Now we 
have got her agoing and let us keep her agoing," which sentiment was heartily 
indorsed by the company. From this time on to the battle of Drury's Bluff, May i6th, 
I forbear now to write least I occupy more space than belongs to me. We remained 
in the vicinity of Bermuda Hundred having a few slight skirmishes with the enemy 
and making several advances to the Richmond and Petersburg R. R. tearing up the 
track and giving them other annoyances. The night of May 12th will be remembered 
by our regiment as one of suffering on account of a cold rain with high wind, our 
position being in an open field facing the wind and storm, in light marching order, 
many of the boys being destitute of rubber blankets and shelter tents which were 
thrown away in our first march under a Virginia sun. Our previous service had been 
on the Sea Islands of South Carolina and Georgia, with one expedition up the 
St. Johns River to Jacksonville, Fla. Although we had done good service and suffered 
much from exposure and sickness, we had had little experience with marches or field 
service or even fighting, except the lice and flees we encountered at Hilton Head, 
Tybee Island and the Sunken Islands between Fort Pulaski and Savannah City; and 
considering that nearly half of our number were fresh from a veteran furlough, leaving 
behind wife and other kindred ties — is it a wonder that our first experiences on the 
James and in the vicinity of the rebel citadel under all these conditions should give us 
such a sweat? The conditions of the Virginia May, now proclaiming summer had 
come and then reverting to March weather, caused us to boil in sweat and then freeze 
without a shelter. 

TIME WILL RECTIFY OUR WRONGS. 

C. P. Stevens, Co. E, 5th Me. Inf., of the law firm of Stevens & Stevens, of Beloit, 

Kansas, writes : 

The issue of the Maine Bugle is a step in the right direction. In a struggle of 
the magnitude of our war there are thousands of incidents valuable to history, that 
were known only to the few who were in position to know, from observation or other- 
wise, and to round out and preserve these for those who shall come after us is, I under- 
stand, your object. It was my good fortune to enter the service on the twelfth day of 
May, 1861, and remain until discharged for wounds February 17th, 1865, and during 
this period there were many brave deeds performed by men who were unconscious of 
an heroic act. I regret that in these latter days the sacrifices and privations endured 



288 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

and the heroism displayed by our boys in blue is becoming less and less appreciated, 
and this, too, while these men who were then only boys, are nearing the end, a prema- 
ture grave. " I'hieves, robbers, frauds and dishonor " are some of the epithets now 
applied to such men and are used even in the great Congress of these United States, 
and we may he led to exclaim, " Must I endure all this? " and the reply seems to come 
back, "Yea, more; go fret till your proud heart break." Patriotism pure and strong 
must now take possession of our hearts as never before, and as we glide down the hill 
of life ever keep in mind that time alone will rectify all our wrongs, and that there is a 
Ruler who will recognize the value of our services. Have you the addresses of Ll. 
John Summersides and John Robinson ? 

DONALDSONVILLE To HE IlKAKH I'Rd.M. 

John F. Perry, Lieut. Co. G, 28th Me. Inf., of Minneapolis, Minn., writes: 

I have delayed writing for the reason that I thought I might write you something 
for publication. There are proliably members of the regiment and of Co. (\ who 
could treat the subject much better than myself if they would. However, if no one 
writes on the subject in the future I may make the attempt. 

BATTLE OF THE I'lNES. 

M. S. Perry, nth Me., of Brownville, writes: 

In relation to the verses oh the Battle of the Pines, I \\ ill say that the copy I sent 
you was written while I was stopping at Gloucester Point, Va., in the winter of '63 or 
'64. I was a memi)er of the Eleventh Maine on detalched service in the Eighth 
New York Battery at that time. I afterwards re-enlisted in the battety under a special 
order from the Secretary of War and was discharged in July, 1865, at New York City. 
I joine<l the battery at Harrison's Landing, Va., in July, 1862, as a volunteer. 1 don't 
expect to get up a reputation as a writer. I went through college in 1862. It was 
the old William and Mary, of Virginia. I went in through a window and out through 
the door. Therefore I did not graduate with very high honors. 

THE FH^ST GREAT SUCCESS OF HIE WAR. 

Gen. Ei;1!ERT L. Viei.E, of New York City, in a letter to Kendall Pollard, writes: 

I would gladly oblige you with the information you ask for in relation to the Port 
Royal expedition if I knew just what you wanted. I am leaving for a short visit to 
Europe on Saturday and can not get your reply in time to answer you before I leave. 
Our expedition was the llrst great success of the war, after many defeats, and served to 
cheer the hearts of the people of the North as they had not been cheered before. My 
l)rigade was the lirst of three, and by far the most eflicienl. The victory of Port Royal 
was followed by the capture of Fort Pulaski. Thus after capturing the first harbor we 
captured the lirst fortress. It was to army and navy a proud and complete success. 
My l)rigade was the Third New Hampshire, Eighth Maine, Forty-sixth New York, 
Forty-seventh New York, and Forty-eighth New York — five thousand earnest patriots 
and good soldiers — all honor to each and every one of them. They and their descend- 
ants may well lie proud of the work they did in maintaining the Union. I will always 
be glad to meet my old comrades wherever and whenever it is possible to do so. 

Note.— In Comrade Pollard's article in the January Call of '94, he named the 
Third New York and Second Connecticut as belimging to the iirigade. It should have 
read the Third New ] lampshire and Forty-seventh New York. 



BUGLE ECHOES. 289 



I LOVE HER HILLS. 

G. E. Dillingham, Co. C, 17th Me. and ist Me. My. Art., of Ilesper, Winiiesheik Co., 

Iowa, writes : 

I like to read history of Maine and her people, especially her soldiers. I was a 
member of Co. C, Seventeenth Maine Volunteer Infantry until some time in June, 
1865, then was transferred to the First Maine Heavy Artillery, headquarters at Fort 
Baker, Md. I was hospital steward of that regiment from July 1st, 1865, until 
mustered out in the autumn at Ilangor, 1865. I came to Iowa in L)eceml)er, 1865. 
I have spent the larger part of the time since in the West, yet my love for Maine and 
her people never chills. I was born in hilly, rocky St. Albans, Somerset County, in 
1844. I love her hills, her rocks, her rills, her mountains, her lakes, her valleys, her 
trees, her sunshine and shadows, and most of all her people. 

AN IMPORTANT CORRECTION. 

William Gardner, secretary ist R. I. Cav., of Providence, R. I., writes: 

It has been with mingled pleasure and regret that I have read and re-read the story 
of the brilliant cavalry engagement at Kelly's Ford, Va., March 17th, 1863, l)y Major 
Frank W. Fless, United States Army, formerly of Third Pennsylvania Cavalry (Gen. 
W. W. Averill's old and gallant regiment). With pleasure, because in the main the 
major's description is graphic, and an excellent word picture of a notalile event in 
which I, as a unit, was permitted to act my little part in that interesting scene in the 
drama of civil war which from 1861 to 1865 interested all the peoples of the civili/ed 
world. With regret, l^ecause the major, (unintentionally, I am sure) on page 11, Call 
4, Campaign III, gives to the Fifth Regulars, Sixth Ohio, and Reno the credit and 
honor of the magnificent repulse, (for nothing in the annals of warfare was ever more 
glorious) of the last charge of the Confederates upon the left of our line by First not 
Second, and Fourth Virginia accompanied, if not led by Stuart himself. The Fifth 
Regulars and Reno were not on the left of the wagon road. The force consisted of 
two hundred of the First Rhode Island, about the same number of the Sixth Ohio, and 
two guns of the Sixth New York Independent Horse Battery. If the major had read 
Lieut. Jacob B. Cook's story of the engagement, "No. 19, third series, Soldiers' and 
Sailors' Historical Society of Rhode Island " he would not have committed an error liy 
which deserving veterahs are robbed of honors most gallantly earned. This error of 
the gallant major does not nullify his effort as a historian, nor spoil the picture he has 
so beautifully drawn with his pen, but has produced such heart pangs that f have Ijeen 
impelled to " ope *ny mouth and bark a little." 

INTERESTING PASTIME. 

Lieut. Horatio S. Lihhy, Co. C, ist Maine Cav. of Melrose, Mass., writes: 

It is to me an interesting pastime to look over the roster of the dear old regiment. 
Of the many times it has been my pleasure to do so, I have never before noticed, until 
recently, the sad frequency of the remark opposite the name of such a large number of 
comrades " Died at Andersonville," " Died in Southern prisons," etc. How pathetic. 
On counting them up I find that one hundred and sixty-three had there died — several 
more than were killed in battle ! I have just been reading again some old and inter- 
esting letters that I received from our loved and honored Gen. Smith, in one of which 



290 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

he writes that he and Thaxtcr had lieen over the old battlefields at Aldie, Middleliurg 
and Upperville. In writing of the charge at Aldie he says that the distance we cov- 
ered was a full mile. His letter has recalled to my memory a little episode in connec- 
tion with this fight. C company charged out into the open field on our right and up the 
hill until we came to an orchard enclosed by a rail fence. An opening was quickly 
made, and as we passed through we were greeted with a heavy volley, but it was inef- 
fectual, every shot went over our heads. We rushed on and reached a stone wall at 
the further side of the orchard, when we quickly dismounted. We had not been long 
here before the enemy made the mounted charge to dislodge us liut without success. 
They met with such a reception from the contents of our carbines that they did not 
make a second attempt. I wondered why they gave up the position, a fine one, so 
readily. It was from this position they gave us the volley spoken of and then retired. 
Afterwards they thought to regain it, but it was too late. Company C was there to 
stay ! I remember that, just before we reached the orchard spoken of I observed Gen. 
Kilpatrick across the field on our right flank coming through an opening in the fence. 
He did not appear to have any force with him. I also noticed in this direction, iieyond 
Kilpatrick, on the distant hil tops, that these points were active with mounted men. 
I wonder if it was our forces so far in that direction. We were relieved liy K company. 
As the columns passed each other, I distinctly recall the kindly greeting of good old 
Sgt, Reuel B, Stinson — I had known him many years before the war^ — who said to me, 
«* Brother Libby, 1 am glad to see you are safe," I have been in the clutches of the 
grip for a fortnight. I am strangely weak when I attempt to move about. I hope to 
get out very soon. 

Note. — Fox's Regimental Losses, p. 124, report : That one hundred and forty-live of 
our regiment died in Southern prisons — excluding evidently some of the First District of 
Columbia Cavalry that died i)efore transfer. This same authority reports our killed 
and died of wounds as fifteen officers and one hundred and fifty-nine men — a total of 
one hundred and seventy-four. This account is more reliable as I have found some 
mistakes in our roster. — J. P. C. 

I HAVE READ THE BUGLE. 

Albert II. Harris, Co. L, First Maine Cav., of .So. Merrimack, N. H., writes: 

Please forward the History at earliest date. I have read the Bugles you have so 
kindly sent me with great interest, and trust no obstacle will intrude itself in the way 
of its continued publication. I cherish an unflagging love for the old organization 
though I have never been al)le to attend any of the annual meetings, and seldom meet 
one of the old comrades. 

ONE MAN ONLY LOST ON PICKET. 

Major Henry C. Hall, ist Me, Cav,, of Woburn, Mass,, writes: 

At our regimental reunion at Eastport I think (ieneral Smith, in recounting the mil- 
itary virtues of the First Maine Cavalry, stated that we had never lost a man on picket, 
I thought then that had I been personally charged with that crime I should have been 
compelled to plead guilty, i)ut not until to-day, while looking over some old letters I 
wrote home during the war and which my mofher carefully preserved, could I recall 
the fact and circumstances. I find that I wrote from Light House Point, Va., July 
i8th, 1864: "We went on picket beyond the Gurley House on Monday, the nth inst. 
and were on duty four days and four nights. I had command of the outposts, which 



BUGLE ECHOES. 291 

comprised about half of the regiment. The first day we picketed against infantry, but 
at evening they were relieved by cavalry, and in the morning we found in our front 
the Fifth and Ninth Virginia and the F'ifth and Sixteenth North Carolina Cavalry, 
The infantry annoyed us the first day by firing on our pickets, also the Sixteenth North 
Carolina on the second day. The other regiments behaved like soldiers. They were 
very eager for news from Washington as they expectetl that Early on his daring raid 
would capture that city, and they were very willing to exchange j)apers with us, and in 
other ways made themselves social and friendly. Towards evening of the second day 
a Confederate came out towards our lines waving a paper and handed to one of our 
men sent out to meet him a note, of which the following is a copy : 

Dear Sir — I understood that i^)ne of our infantry fired on your pickets yesterday. 
Finally, it is positively against (jur orders to step up and shoot a picket, and no gentle- 
man will do it. I hope I shall not hear of the case again, especially among brothers 
of the South. So mote it be. Amen. 

(Signed) II. A. Bland, 5th N. C. Cav , Co. E. 

The next day a captain of the Sixteenth North Carolina came out to the pickets of 
the Pennsylvania regiment on our right and requested them to say to the officer in 
command of the Maine Cavalry that three of his men who fired on mine the day before 
were under arrest for so doing. We had no more trouble from them until Friday, 
the 15th, at daylight, when about twenty men of the Sixteenth North Carolina Cavalry 
made a dash on our line and captured one man of Co. G, Private James Burns, and 
shot the horse of another man. Later in the morning we were relieved by the Fourth 
Pennsylvania Cavalry and returned to our Division, which, ni our absence, had moved to 
Warwick Swamps, l)ut at evening we were all relieved by the First Division and returned 
to this ])lace where we are encamped in a nice, clean grove of pines." Poor Jimmy 
Burns, our only lost picket, made an unwilling tour of the Confederacy, but he finally 
effected his escape and joined Sherman's army on its march to the sea. He returned 
to the regiment the latter part of January, '65, filled with feelings of resentment 
towards the heartless Confederates for the inhuman treatment he had received at their 
hands, but the brave boy was unable to be wholly avenged for the sufferings he 
endured during his incarceration and escape, for he was mortally wounded at Dinwiddie. 

ONLY ONE OF THE SEKCEANTS LEFT OF COMl'ANY F, 1 2th ME. INFANTRY. 

Dr. Freeman H. Chase, of Bangor, Me., writes: 

Company F, Twelfth Maine, was raised in the town of Urono, the town voting 
money for that purpose and all uniting in the effort. It left Orono for Portland in the 
fall of i86l, a full company of loo men. The officers had been commissioned by 
Benjamin F. Butler by special authority of the President, for special duty, the taking 
of New Orleans, as was also one regiment from each New England State. We left 
Bangor on the old well remembered steamer, which was bought by the United States 
Government, the City of Richmond. We were organized and mustered in at Portland. 
Our captain, Seth Farringlcjn, was six feet four, handsome, and a fine officer, so fine 
that he was generally detailed. The first lieutenant, Coan, a l)raver or l)etter officer 
never drew sword than he. The second lieutenant proved wanting, and left the serv- 
ice. I was elected first sergeant of the company and appointed l)y the captain, as were 
the rest of the sergeants. While we were drilling in Lowell, Camp Chase, under General 



292 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Butler, a jihrenolojjiist came into camp tu examine humps, etc., especially uf the sergeants 
to pronounce on their bravery in battle. \ certain captain was full uf faith in the 
matter, and through his influence we were examined, perha])s more for fun than other- 
wise. The first four sergeants oi our com])aiiy jiassed favorably, while the lifth ser- 
geant, who proved in the end the bravest of the brave, was set aside, but retained his 
place until he lost his life pierced to the earth by a rebel bayonet because he would 
not surrender. So much for the science or nonsense of phrenology. What became of 
these officers and sergeants of Company F, Twelfth Maine, will be related further 
on, for many of the boys of Maine regiments live in this vicinity and will read this with 
interest. It was a great fad in the army to nickname each other, even more so in the 
western regiments. Hardly a man was called by his best mates by his own name. As 
a reminder t<> the old comrades I will give the names of the officers aiid sergeants of 
Company F, Twelfth Maine, to which this article is particularly devDted. ( »ur captain 
was called "Cog." ( )ur first lieutenant was called " Ma fiog." All wlm are familiar 
with Holy Writ kiinw what those names meant. The first sergeant, " Hur up," because 
he was in the habit of singing out, "hurry u|i." The second sergeant, " I'aws," for in 
trying to catch a prisoner he exclaimed: " If I get my paws on you." The third ser- 
geant was called " Entrails," for he ate uj) the orderly's turnips, who made the remark, 
" I hope, Ches, that you will sometime get yourself full." The fourth sergeant was 
" Yardstick," for he was a handsome fellow and came from a dry gootls store, while 
the fifth sergeant was called " Mohawk " from his resemblance to a Mohawk Indian. 
Second Lieutenant Wilson, whom I ninitted, was calletl " Ijilly Boy." Now, where are 
the three ofiicers an<I five sergeants of old Comiiany V, Twelfth Maine, who enlisted 
for three years? Only one is living, and he is the writer of this army tale. .\iui they 
served their country well and faithfully. Capt. Harrington's bones are under foreign 
soil, place unknown. First Lieutenant Coan died from fever and was attended by 
Cen. Hanks in his last hours, and rests under the green grass of Louisiana. .Second Lieu- 
tenant Wilson came home to < )rono and died from fever contracted in New Orleans. 
First Sergeant Chase, afterwards an officer, is in Bangor, a physician. Second Ser- 
geant Straw came honij to Bangor and died from injuries. Third .Sergeant Chesley 
came home a lieuleiiant and died of his wounds. I'ourth sergeant, iiuide captain of a 
comjiaiiy in a regiinenl of negroes, was shot through the body, and after lying in the 
United States hos]iilal ^ix iiionlhs, <lieil. Fifth Sergeant (jreenlaw was foLiiui dead 
after the i)attle of Winchester with a rebel bayonet pinning him to the ground. He 
as he always said would not become a ])risoiier. This is a short history badly told of 
one company from Maine. Did the war cost us anything? Let the comrades living 
who read this call back those old days. Remember, where there was a line of gray 
there was a line of blue. 

DKl'AKTMKNT CU.MM.\N1)1-;K Ul" MINNIiSUTA. 

JiiiiN ] )AV Smiiii, of Miiiiieaiiolis, writes : 

Through (I. A. K, lK-adi|uarters of this dciiarlineiit your ]irospectus of the lircLK as 
the organ of " .Men of Nhiinc " has fallen into my hands. 1 had the honor of serving 
as a member of Company 1'', Nineteenth Maine Volunteers, and take great jileasure in 
becoming a subscriber to the r.i'ci.i:. 1 see among the contributors for the year an- to 
be Kdgar liurpee and William H. l''ogler, both t)fficers of my regiment. 1 have already 
procured a copy of the History of the kirst Maine Cavalry, by Lieut. Tobie. I regard 



BUGLE ECHOES. 293 

it as one of the best regimental histories I have ever read. But tlien he hail one of 
the best regiments of the army to write about. 

HAVE RKAI) TIIKM LiVER AM> OVER. 

James K. Reynolds, Co. I), ist Me. ("av., of Ilallowell, Me., writes: 

1 enclose three dollars; if any more is due, will send the balance next time. Please 
e.xcuse me for not answering before this date. Have enjoyed the IU'ci.es very much; 
have read them over and over. It dues a comrade gooil to recall those instances of 
by-gone days. Who would not feci prcuid to hfive been one of that vast number who 
went forth to save our country in its days of jieril. 

NoTiiiNi; 1 prize more highly. 

Ali'.frt J. Small, Co. II, ist Me. Cav., of Woodburn, Ind., writes: 

I will answer to Roll Call and will say there is nothing 1 prize more highly than the 
Maine Bugle. I should like to take it all my life. My health is very yynn and I am 
not able to work much and do not draw a jjension. 

"WHO i;K()r<;HT me my overcoat." 

S. F. Harris, Co. M, ist Me. Cav, of Medford, Wis, writes: 

In a letter receiveil to day you wish me to write concerning my part and wound, 
October 27th, '64, at Hatcher's Run, Va. I would gladly do so in a way to malce it 
interesting but do not think I can remember enough. ( )ne thing 1 do know, I was 
there, and so was the First Maine Cavalry, and we formed a skirmish line not very late 
in the day, crossed over a small stream and went in through some timber, with mouths 
closed and lingers resting lightly but firmly on the hammers, by left obli(|uc. In a 
short time we were unloaded (jf all our anxiety by the friendly Johnjiies themselves 
inviting us to their ball which had been well prepared for us — a good line of earth- 
works — from which, however, they had come half a mile or so in advance to escort us 
into, but I must say that excepting their stand at the old log house, when they had 
good shelter for a few minutes, until we, by some unknown blunder, did something to 
frighten them away and l)ecame ungentlemanly enough to appropriate to our own use, 
they had kept so far from us that we were loth to acknowledge their good intentions. 
But when we came nearer and they had moved safely into their wareiiouse, we 
acknowledged them as good com]iany and accepted their invitation to enter, l)ut 
unfortunately, just before stepping in the door, I got hit by some fool of a Johnny, 
who, I think, did not try to handle his gun carefully. There were also two other boys, 
one on either side of me, also hurt so badly they could not walk. Finding my right 
arm useless by my side, with a musket l)all thrust through the elbow joint, lodging 
under my shoulder blade, I took a walk to the rear. Now I want to learn the name of 
the officer who came from behind an old brush heap and ordered me to the front, but 
on seeing the l)lood running from my coat sleeve, countermanded the order. I don't 
think he was a First Maine Man. but whoever he was he gave me an idea that if I 
should ever again lie found stepping to the tune of Yankee Doodle I would ask to be 
assigned to that post of honor. It might let me out at the close of the war with two 
whole arms. IJut I am making this too long; I will hasten on across the brook where 
the lack of strength jsrevented me from getting down to drink. A big chestnut tree a 



294 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

few rods ahead tempted me to it, and I let myself rest against its trunk. The ambu- 
lance train was in sight and soon the doctor was probing the wound, a bandage was 
put on the arm wet with cold water, and I was crowded between two comrades who 
were suffering intensely. By consent of the driver I took a seat with him, and thus 
made more room for my comrades. This seat gave me, boys, the first real view of a 
grand contest — three bayonet charges in an open field and a contest occupying about 
two hours of time. The last charge came near dark. I was thinking I might have to 
stay there, but God was on our side and that night we were taken from what the boys 
called the bull pen. Oh, how well do I remember the groans of those two comrades 
inside as we were driven over those rough roads all night. I want to thank the com- 
rade who came to me during the afternoon, while in the ambulance, with my overcoat. 
I cannot recall his name, but if he is alive and sees this letter let him accept my hearty 
thanks. It did me so much good that chilly night, when the cold winds blew with 
painful sensation on my body, weakened by the loss of so much warm blood. The 
morning of the twenty-eighth found us in a long open field, where I wailed my turn 
through the whole tiay to have, as I desired then, my arm amputated. Help among 
doctors was not plenty and they did not reach me that day. The next day we were 
loaded on an old freight train and forwarded to the hospital. Comrades of the army, 
you all well know about what that meant to me when I tell you I was there eight long 
months before I was considered able to go home ! I want to close this letter by say- 
ing that many of us who are now living can but think that it is due largely to the will 
of God, who may have some little work yet for the old gray-haired veterans to do, if 
nothing more than speaking a kind word by way of cheer to those more unfortunate 
than ourselves. 

Edward Trenchard, of New York, writes: 

Tn the issue of the Maine Bugle of January, 1894, appears a poem entitled "An 
Old Blue Cap," by Kendall Pollard of Company K. Now this pt)em, the true title 
being "Company K " was written during the early part of the rebellion, 1862 or '63, by 
Mrs. E. L. Beers; the well known poetess, Ethel Lynn, being her nom de plume. At 
that time the boys in l)luc of Maine were too l)usy in the field of reality to indulge in 
poetic fancy, and I am sure you and your gallant comrades will in justice to one of 
the fair sex, (departed this life). be pleased to make this correction in your valuable 
journal. The original and only is to be found on page twenty in the volume "All 
Quiet Along the Pnti-mac " and other poems, by Ethel Lynn Beers, ?■ rter & Ctates, 
Publishers, Philadelphia. 

Note. — The correctivn is made with the consent of Kendall P. Hard. It was a 
misunderstanding on the part of the edit<'r in giving Pollartl's name as the auth'-r. 



Lawyers' Loyal League. 

AN ASSOCIATIOX FOR THE COLI.ECTION OF DEBTS AND INTER- 
CHANGE OF LEGAL BUSINESS. 

Fur terms of admission, fees ami charges, address Cilley «.K; MacAllislcr, Managers, 
Rockland, Maine. 



;uin I'nlsifcr. James A 

Dunn, Fred (t 

lilanelianl, II F 

DoiKivan, .Toliii 1! 

Ailanis, lU'uiamin 

Holman, .T F 

Mitchell, H L 
Hughes, George E 
Brown, F W 
H^rrick, A E 
(Joiild, .Jesse 
.Jordan, AVilliam 15 
SalVord, H W 
Boothliay Ilarlior, I.iueoln Kenniston, (i 15 
Bluehill, Hancock Bunker. .J E, .Ir 

Bcjwdoinhaui, Sagadahoc Bogers. (Trant 
Bradford, Penobscot 'NVentworth, Tlios H 
Brewer, I'enobscot Hutchins, .Jasjier 

Bridgeton, Cumberland Walker, AH&EC 
Browntield, Oxforil Frink J I- 

Brunswick, ('und)erland Potter, Barrett 
Buckfield, Oxford Bridgham, Thos S 

Bucksi)ort, Hancock Fellows, O F 

Buxton. York 

Blancliard, J*iscata<iuis l^ackard. Cyrus A 
Brownville, Fiscatacjnis IMclntosli, M W 



Auburn, Andri 
Ashland. Aroostook 
Augusta. Kennebec 
Alfred, York 
Anson, Somerset 
Athens, Somerset 

Bangor, Penobscot 
Bath, Sagadahoc 
Belfast, Waldo 
Bethel, Oxford 
Biddeford, Y'ork 
Bingham, Somerset 
Blaine. Aroostook 



Cauiden, Knox 
Calais. Washingt(ui 
Canaan, Somerset 
Canton. Oxford 
Caribou, Aroostook 
Casco, Cumberland 
Castine, JFancock 



Crawford, M T 

Hanson, George M 

Barrett-; T B 

Swase^•, J P & .J C 

Fletcher, B E 

Tolman, James H 

Warren, fieorge >r 



Cherryheld. Washington Caui]diel!. F I 
China, Kennebec (ireeley, ,) H 

Clinton. Kennebec Martin. Forest J 

Corinna. Penobscot Wood, W I 

Corinth, J^ast, Penobscot Haynes. Htuirv P 
Cornish, York Perliius. Walter P 



Pamariscotta, Lincoln 
Panforth, Washington 
Deer Jsle, Hancock 
Denmark, Oxford 
Dexter, Penobscot 
Dixfield, Oxford 
Dover, Piscata(iuis 

East Livermore, Audro; 

Eastport, AVashingtoii 
Eden. Hancock 
Eddington, Penobscot 
Ellsworth, Hancock 



Hilton, Wm H 

Hewcs, B W 

Si>olTord. Elmer P 

Da\ is, S G 

Crosbv & Crosbv 

Trask. .J K 

Peaks, Jos B 

coggin 

Whittemore, H C 

;\IcEarren, 1 (! 

Peters, ,lohn A, Jr 

Burnham, J A 



Farnnngton, Franklin Belcher, S (r 

Fairfield, Simierset Wi-eks, George G 

Falmouth, AVest, Cumberland 

Clitford, C E 
Farniingdale, Kennebec Stillpheu, A C 
Fort Fairfield, Aroostook 

Powers, Herbert T 
Fort Kent, Aroostook Keegan, F W 

Foxcroft, I'iscataquis Parsons, W E 

Freedom. AValdo Keen, O H 

Freeport, Cund)crlaml Mitchell, E W 

Fryeburg, Oxford Fife, Seth W 

Gardiner, Kennebec Clason, O B 

Gorhani, ("umberland 

AVaterman, John A, Jr 

Gonldsborough, Winter Harbor, Hancock 

Tracy, Bedford E 

Guilford, Piscataquis Hudson, Henry 

Gray, Cumberland A^inton, AA"" H 

Hallowell, Kennebec 
Hamiiden. Penobscot 
Hanover, Oxford 
Harrison, Cumberland 
Hartland. Somerset 
Hersey, Aroostook 
Hiram, Oxford 
HoUis, York 



.Alayo, H AV 
Putnam, Sohm A 
Warren, Jesse W 
Thompson, D E 
Smith, B L 
I'ike, J F 
Bradbury, H K 
Houlton, Aroostook Burleigh, Parker C 



Thompson, Roscoe H 

Haley, A E 
Estes, jcre E 
Safford, Moses A 

.Jones, S W 

iggin Knowlton, A K P 

iggin Drew, FM 

Knowlton, J W 

lliggins, Frank M 

McArthnr, AVilliam M 



.Jay, Franklin 

Kennebunk, A'ork 
Kingman, Penobscot 
Kittery, A'ork 

I^eban(ui, A"ork 

lA^wiston, Androscogf 

I^ewiston. Androscog; 

I>il.crty, Waldo 

Limerick, Y'ork 

Limington, Y'ork 

Lincoln, Penobscot Clark, Hugo 

Lisbon, Androscoggin Coolidge. H E 

I>ovell. Oxford " Hobbs, J F 

I^ubec, AVashington Gray, James H 

Machias, AVashington AIcFaul, A D 

^Madison, Somerset Small, C O 

Manchester, Kennebec Farr, Loring 

>techanic Falls, Androscoggin 

Purrington, F O 
Mercer, Somerset Croswell, H T 

Mexico, Oxford Trask. John R 

:\Ullbridge, Washington Gray, H H 

Milo, Piscataquis Durgin, M L 



In corresjiondiug with these attorneys please mention that you found their names here. 



Moiiiiiontli. Nrirth. Kcimelioc Jeirrev.,Tosso 
Montvillc, \V:ilil() Itartlett, .lonatlmn 

Mon^on. riscaliKiuis, Si)rat;tic, J i 

Newport, I'enobscot Walker, Elliot. 

New Vineyard, Franklin Luce, E U 

Norridgewock, Somerset 

Harrington, Cliarles A 



Veaton, Ooorfre V 

Hider, E C 

IJrown, William 1! 

Swasev, (icor^io W 

Stewart, I) I) 

Kytl'i-r. David i! 



North Rerwick, York 
Norway, Oxford 
Oakland, Kennebec 
Oldtowii, I'enobscot 
Orono, Tenobscot 
Oxford, Oxford 

Paris, Oxford 
Farknian, I'iscataqnis 
I'arsonsfield, York 
Patten, Penobscot 
Pembroke, Wasliinjiton 
Phillips, Franklin 
Pittsheld. Somerset 
Poland, .Vndroscofifi'iii 
Porter, Kezar Falls, Oxfi 
Portland, Cnndierland 
Portland. Cumberland 
Presque Isle, Aroostook 



Hobbs, Nathaniel 

Holt, Charles E 

Field, GeorjiC AV 

Ciishinan, C A 

Dunn, C J 

Hazen, (Jeoroe 

AVrifiht, James S 

Harvey, E F 

Davis, C.eor};e E 

Smith, Bertram L 

Smart. E K 

Morrison, .lames 

Hovey, Frank \V 

Dunn, David 

)rd Fox A' Da\is 

Libby \- Hill 

Seiders »V Chase 

Madiii'an, E 



So\itli I'.orwick, York 

Siiriiiiilicld. Penobscot 

Si>liin, Somerset 

Stand ish, Cnnd>erland 

St Albans, Somerset 

SteidxMi, Washiiii;ton 

Stockton Sprin.ns, AValdo " Small, Win C 

Sullivan, llan(o<'k P>ovnl<iii, Hcnrv 

Slronji. Franklin Stulibs, Phillip H 

Thomaston, Knox Hewett, .T H H 

Topsliani, SapKlalioi' liarron, Oeorge 

Trcmont, S W Harbor, Hancock 

Fuller, George K 



Cnion, Knox 
Cnitv, AValdo 



Thomitson, R I 
Libby, James, Jr 



Keadfield, Kennebec Bean cV' Bean 

Richmond, Sagadahoc Hall, "William T 

Rockland. Knox t'illev iS: MacAllister 

Rockport. Knox Barrett, C H -M 

Rumford, Oxford Swasey cV Svvasey 

Scarborough, West, Cumberland 

Moulton, Augustus F 
Saco, York Burbank, H H 

Sanford, York Hanson, (ieorgeAV 

Sebago, Cumberland Poor, E L 

Sherman, Sherman ."Mills, Aroostook 
Skowhegaii, Somerset Goodwin, Forest 
Somerville, Lincoln Sonic, A L 



\an Buren, Aroostook Ktiegan, P C 

Vassalboro, East, Kennebec I'riest, H A 
Vinalhaven, Knox Walls, F S 

Waldoboro, Lincoln Castner, O D 

Washington, Knox Bliss, Hiram, Jr 

Watervillc, l\.enni'bcc 
Webster, Sabattus, Androscoggin 

jnii,sL 

Wellington, Piscataciuis Andrews. Ezra 
Wells, York Tripji, A K 

AV'estbrook, Cumberland Tolman, J H 

Whitetield, North, Lincoln Partridge, R S 
AVindham, South, Cumberland 

Webb, Lindley M 



AVinn, Penobscot 
AA'inslow, Kennebec 
AViltou, Franklin 
AAMuterport, AV'aldo 
Winthrop, ICenncbei 
Wiscasset, Lincoln 



Estes,.T E 

I'aine, (i S 

Small, I'.vron M 

Kelly, F AA' 

Carlton, LT 

Sewall, Rnfiis K 



Yarmouth, Cumbefland 

Freeman, Barnabus 
York A'illage, Y'ork Stewart, John (; 



MOW IIA.-MI'SIIIKI".. 



Andover, Merrimack 
Ashland, ( Irafton 

Berlin Falls, Coos 
Bristol, Grafton 

Claremont, Sidlivan 
Colebrook, Coos 
Concdrd, Merrimack 
Concord, Ab'rrimack 
Conway, Carroll 

Derry, Rockingham 
i:)over, Strall'ord 

Epping, Hocdvinghani 
Exeter, Uock Ingham 

Fitzwilliam, Cheshire 
Franklin, Meirimack 

Gorhani, Coos 
Great Falls, Strafford 
(ire(Miville, Hillsliorou 
Haverhill, (irafton 
Hillsborougb Bridge 



St(me, (! corgis AV 
Drew, Asa AV 

Twitcliell A: Libby 
Chase, H-a A 

Holt, Herman 

Dudley,.! H 

Donovan, Daniel I! 

Dudley, 1) F 

Wood, J C L 

Bartlett, G K 
Hall. Daniel 



Lancaster, Coos Drew, .Jordan A: Buckley 
Leltanon, (irafton Dole, C A 

Littleton, C.rafloM 

Bingham, .Mitchells .'C Batchellor 

Mancliester, Hillsborough, (iagc, John 

.Aleredith A'illage, Belkna]) Rollins, J AV 
.Alillford, Hillsboro Kendall, Ldgar 1 

Nashua, Hillsboro McKay, AVilliam J 

New Ipswich, Hillsboro Preston, Wm A 
New Market, Uockingham .Ab-llens, A 1., 
Wait(!, A S 
^igiMxl, Fred B 



New))ort. Sullivan 
North Conway, Carroll 



Drury, W H Orl'ord, (irafton 



Chapman t^C' Lanj; 



Blake, Amos J 
Barnard, James E 

Twitcliell A: Libby 

Russel A; Bover 

h Taft, H J 

Hillsborough 

Webber, Brooks K 
Hinsdale, Cheshire IVmide, K J 

Keene, Cheshire Batehelder ,.V Faulkner 



Penacook, Merrimack Dudley, David F 

Peterborough, Hillsboro (-Uxvk, F (! 

I'ittsheld, Merrimack, Lane, E A 

Plymouth, (irafton Burleigh i^- Adams 

Portsmouth, Rockingham I'age, C 



Lakeport, Belkna]! 
Laconia, Belknap 



Owen, A S 
Clark, S C 



Somersworth, StralVoid 
Suncook, Merrimack 

Tilton, I'.elkna]) 

Walpole, Cheshire 
Wilton, Hillsboro 
Winchester, Cheshire 
AVolfboro, Carndl 
Woodsville, StralVoid 



Uussell iVL- Boyer 
llasletoii, John J! 

Fellows, W J{ 

Bellows, J G 

Uales. (ieorge E 

Brigliam, H AV 

Abbott, Sewell \V 

Smith iV Sloane 



lu corresponding with these attorneys please mention that yon found their names here. 



THE MAINE BUGLE. 



Entered at the Post Office, Rockland, Me., as Second-Class Matter. 

Campaign I. October, 1894. Call 4 



Its echoing notes your memories shall renew 
From sixty-one until the grand review. 



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ORGAN OF THE " MEN OF MAINE " WHO SERVED IN THE WAR OF THE 

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With Sheridan in Lee's Last Campaign. 

( Contimied.) 

At the head of a most magnificent command of cavalry and 
possessing the entire confidence of every man who followed, 
General Sheridan rode out from his camp on the morning of the 
29th of March, 1865, bound for Dinwiddie Court House, on the 
Boydton Plank Road, and bound to crush the rebellion, so far 
as one man by precept and example could effect that desired 
consummation. He was under the immediate orders of Lieu- 
tenant-General Grant, and commanded the cavalry as a separate 
army, as General Meade commanded the Army of the Potomac 
and General Ord the Army of the James. His subordinate 
commanders were General Merritt, commanding the first and 
third cavalry divisions from the Shenandoah Valley — General 
Devin commanding the former, and General Custer the latter — 
and General Crook, commanding the second division (Gregg's 
old). In the first division the brigades were commanded by 
General Gibbs, Colonel Stagg, and Colonel Fitzhugh ; in the 
second division, by Generals Davies, Irvine Gregg, and Smith ; 
and in the third division, by Colonels Pennington, Wells, and 
Capehart. 

General Sheridan had been ordered to get out toward 
Dinwiddie Court House, and the enemy's left and rear, as best 
he could. General Grant wrote: "Move your cavalry at as 
early an hour as you can, and without being confined to any 
particular road or roads." The avowed object of the move- 
ment of the armies was to get the enemy out of his intrenched 
works, where he could be attacked with some chance of success. 
If the enemy should come out. General Sheridan was to "go in," 
and was assured that he would be properly supported; if the 
enemy should not come out, the general was to go on a raid, 
and cry havoc along the enemy's Southside and Danville Rail- 



298 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

roads. It was a Micawber-like move at first, partly to help 
along the cavalry, partly in expectation that something would 
turn up. The Confederacy was upturned shortly, but just on 
this particular morning nobody had a very clear idea of what 
was going to happen, and General Grant himself apparently 
did not come to a realizing sense of the possibilities within 
reach, and did not feel grasping, until he got well out into the 
country that night, when he was seized with a desire of "ending 
the matter." 

Meanwhile, General Sheridan, keeping to himself his reflec- 
tions and hopes, whatever they might be, was carrying out his 
original orders in a literal manner ; and getting up very early 
in the morning (as early as he can being a good deal earlier 
than anybody else wants to), had crossed the Jerusalem Plank 
Road, and was exercising his topographical genius in finding 
roads in general and not particular, leading in the direction in 
which his face was set. 

Whoever has traveled the highways of Dinwiddie County, 
Virginia, in the melting days of spring, has probably recollec- 
tions of black soil appearing here and there, islands in ponds 
of black water fringed with green ; whoever has left the high- 
ways for a short-cut will remember how his horse broke through 
the upper crust and found apparently nothing below but space. 
We all drew sanguine auguries from this, and wished that the 
soil might be emblematical of the cause, since in Virginia the 
soil and the cause were almost synonymous ; and so we labored 
on hopefully, every man for himself and his horse, across the 
Weldon Railroad at Reims's Station, where twisted rails and 
strong lines of earthworks told of the old moves and the old 
hard fights. But somehow this place is unpleasant, for it 
reminds us all of how our present expedition may be nothing 
more than the old story of flanks extended, attacked, defended, 
and intrenched ; something gained of course, a pawn moved 
up into a good place, shutting up a little of the scope the 
adversary had, but not a checkmate, which we are after tJii^ 
time, and are therefore rather easier in our minds when we have 



WITH GENERAL SHERIDAN. 299 

passed out beyond the old lines, sent out our advance-guard, 
and got into the undiscovered country. 

At Rovvanty Creek, or Run, as Virginians commonly call 
their little streams, we found the bridge down, and it was 
necessary to rebuild it. Experience teaches, and our command 
had had much experience in bridge-building. The First Maine 
Cavalry, lumbermen and rail-splitters, could knock up a bridge 
over an ordinary stream while the horses were being watered, 
and plenty of other regiments could swing an awful axe, and 
we soon had this bridge up and were crossing the Rowanty by 
fours. The field-report of effective strength was verified here 
by actual count, and the command was found to number — 
General Merritt's command 5700; Crook's 3300; total — 9000 
effective men and horses. 

On the other side of the Rowanty our advance caught sight 
of a small picket-force of the enemy's cavalry, and, giving 
chase rapidly, captured a few of them ; and meanwhile our 
scout were out after information in all directions, and we were 
constantly getting news of the enemy's movements. 

These scouts were a fine body of some sixty men selected 
from the whole cavalry corps, and commanded by Major H. H. 
Young, of the Second Rhode Island Infantry, an excellent 
officer, fond of adventure, brave, and a good disciplinarian ; he 
had attracted the attention of General Sheridan by his gallantry 
in the Shenandoah Valley, and was assigned to duty on his 
staff, and ordered to organize his present command. As a 
general thing, scouts are perfectly worthless. They are usually 
plausible fellows who go out to the picket-line and lie on the 
ground all night under a tree, and come back to headquarters 
in the morning and lie there, giving wonderful reports about 
the enemy, fearing no contradiction. They swagger frightfully 
when small towns are occupied and there are any natives to 
astonish; then they turn out in the full uniform of the enemy, 
being surrounded by friends, and, with two pistols in the belt 
and one in each boot, these walking arsenals walk into every- 
thing that does not belong to them and help themselves. 



300 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Young's men were differently managed, and were of great 
service. They were much more afraid of the general and of 
the major than they were of the enemy, for the general has a 
way of cross-examining that is fatal to a lie, and as Young was 
constantly off in the enemy's country himself, his men never 
knew but that he had been following their trail, so there was no 
use trying to shut up his eye, as a scout would say. These 
men had been with the major on several successful expeditions 
and in some desperate fights. They had taken Harry Gilmor 
out of his bed and confiscated the pistols on his pillow, without 
disturbing his command ; in the Shenandoah Valley they had 
swept the picket-line of the enemy and cut their way through 
the reserves, losing several killed and wounded in the attempt. 
They knew the major and each other, and Young knew them, 
and they had that mutual confidence which is vital to a party 
of this sort. They were like what romance tells us of Marion's 
men ; but after the experience of the late war an impression 
steals over the mind that Marion's men were really bushwhack- 
ers — hard names to call revolutionary heroes, but their Southern 
compatriots throw suspicion upon them by an aptitude that 
must have been " bred in the bone." Young's men dressed in 
the Confederate uniform habitually ; mingled with the people, 
told them the news and got the news of them in return ; cursed 
the Yankees, and drank stirrup-cups of apple-jack to their dis- 
comfiture ; warned the host against their coming, and then rode 
away, while one of their number quickly slipped back through 
unfrequented paths and communicated the latest from the front 
to the general commanding. At night, while the troops rested, 
Young and his men would be miles away in every direction, 
and during the day we would pick them up at every cross-road 
with the best intelligence from right and left. The men were 
well paid for this hazardous work, and often received a bonus 
for special acts of daring and good service ; and the major was 
compensated by his chances of distinction and the general's 
good opinion. He came to be well known in the sections where 
we campaigned, and those people who would acknowledge to a 



WITH GENERAL SHERIDAN. 301 

curiosity to see anything in the shape of a Yankee would ask 
to have Young pointed out. 

At the Rowanty we learned from the prisoners and the scouts 
that a considerable body of the enemy's cavalry was marching 
on roads parallel with us on the other side of Stony Creek, 
pushing apparently for Dinwiddle Court House, to intercept us ; 
so we moved on rapidly and gained that point, and the rebellious 
column let us alone when the uncaptured portion of their pick- 
ets galloped away from the court-house, and, dashing across the 
Stony Creek by the Boydton Plank Road bridge, informed 
their friends on the other side that Sheridan's cavalry was there. 
A party of our men quickly secured the bridge, tore up the 
planks, and made other arrangements for disputing the passage ; 
but no attempt to cross was made by the enemy, who accepted 
the situation and hurried on to secure their connection with 
their own army, and to get between us and the Southside Rail- 
road. Meanwhile we peacefully occupied Dinwiddle Court 
House, and went into camp in that vicinity. 

In Virginia court-houses mean towns, and the towns are prin- 
cipally court-houses ; here, however, there was a hotel thrown 
in, and a couple of cottages by way of outskirts. Perhaps 
there were three ; there is no intention to be unjust to Dinwiddle, 
and it is more than a year since we were there. Yes, there 
were three. There was the long, low mansion with a leaky 
piazza, in the hollow on the right ; the little house on the hill, 
where we all took breakfast, for which the man took a dollar a 
head ; and the brick house by the temple of justice, which 
looked like a school house, but probably was not. We estab- 
lished ourselves at the Dinwiddle Hotel, — hotel no longer 
except in name and in legend, for nobody ever passed by now 
but straggling cavalrymen, and cooking for them was reported 
to be not remunerative. Some of the pickets had slept there, 
though, for all the beds in the unoccupied rooms of the house 
were topsy-turvy, — and such beds ! the feelings of the Northern 
matron would have been too great for utterance in contemplat- 
ing them, and as for sleeping in them — even v/e were not 



302 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

reduced to that extremity: so we wrapped ourselves up in our 
martial cloaks and lay down, supperless, upon the floor, with 
chairs for pillows ; supperless, because far away toward the 
Weldon Railroad our wagons were toiling painfully through the 
mud, getting out of one hole only to find another, while the 
quartermasters and Custer's division manfully endeavored to 
bring them on by putting the shoulder to the wheel, by calling 
on Jupiter, and by corduroying. 

During the evening, to help matters along and give affairs a 
cheerful aspect, it began to rain : first a Scotch mist, then 
unsteady showers, and then a pour, as if the equinox, hurrying 
through the elements, had kicked over the water-buckets. 

About this time General Grant was seized with the desire 
"to end the matter before going back." His illogical mind 
failed to be affected by the logic of events, failed to perceive 
that things were looking about as badly as they could for 
accomplishing anything, and so he sent a dispatch to General 
Sheridan countermanding his conditional orders in regard to 
the raid upon the Southside and Danville Railroads, and direct- 
ing him to find the enemy's right and rear as soon as possible. 
Wishing to have a perfectly clear idea of General Grant's pro- 
posed plan of ending the matter, General Sheridan, soon after 
daylight on the 30th, mounted his gray pacer (captured from 
Breckenridge's adjutant-general at Missionary Ridge), and 
paced rapidly over to the headquarters of the lieutenant- 
general, taking two or three staff officers, with a dozen men for 
an escort. This little party raised an immense commotion on 
the picket-line of the army, and only after such persevering 
dumb-show as the friendly Friday made to Robinson Crusoe 
was it permitted to approach. Once inside, the pacer was let 
out again, and rein was drawn only when the horses slumped 
to their bellies in the quicksand-field where General Grant had 
pitched his tent, from which he regarded the tempest with 
derision. 

About this time things certainly looked rather blue to a 
superficial observer; the troops, just out of comfortable winter 



WITH GENERAL SHERIDAN. 303 

quarters, cowered under their scant shelters, or dragged them- 
selves slowly along to their place in line, clogged with mud and 
weighed down with the drenching rain. In every by-way and 
in every field wagons were hopelessly imbedded in the glutinous 
soil. Drivers and mules had given it up, and the former 
smoked their pipes calmly under the wagons, while the latter 
turned tail to the storm and clustered around the feed-box, 
where they had put their heads together from habit, for there 
was nothing in the box to eat, and they must have been asses 
if they hoped the forage-wagons would get to the front that 
day. General Sheridan, water dripping from every angle of his 
face and clothes, was ushered into the presence and councils 
of the lieutenant-general, and between them they soon settled 
that, as it was within the limits of horse possibility for cavalry 
to move, they would move a little and see what came of it, 
if only to pass the time, for on a day like this the most ardent 
man must find employment or he will begin to think that he is 
a helpless party to a fiasco, which it must be acknowledged we 
all appeared to be just then. The only thing probably that 
could have amused the company on that inauspicious morning 
would have been an excited horseman straining through the 
treacherous soil, waving his hat, and crying out that Lee would 
surrender to Grant one hundred miles from there in ten days 
from date. That would have been extremely amusing, and the 
toughest veteran would have smiled grimly. 

Very hopeful, but somewhat incredulous, were the veterans, 
and it was rather their fashion to scoff in the last year of the 
war. There were precedents for all sorts of campaigns except 
"the last," and the old troops were somewhat skeptical when 
that was predicted. They had something of the feeling of the 
man in " Used Up," who has been everywhere and seen every- 
thing — been up Mount Vesuvius, looked down the crater and 
found nothing in it. Lee had escaped them by only so much 
as Tam O'Shanter's mare escaped at the bridge, and possibly 
for the reason that armies like witches are balked by streams, 
as the Potomac and Rappahannock would seem to testify. 



304 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

They had been in Burnside's " mud movement," and looking on 
this picture and on that they discovered the counterfeit present- 
ment of two brothers, so far as it was given to them to see ; but 
the hcutenant-general and General Sheridan had not been in the 
other mud movement, and they are not men of routine to care 
for precedent, so the latter got into his wet saddle again, said 
good morning to the lieutenant-general as chirpily as if the ele- 
ments were smiling, and sent off a staff officer by a short-cut 
to find General Merritt, on the road from Dinwiddle to Five 
Forks, and tell him to move out a little farther and stir up the 
animals. 

The enemy's cavalry, which had been marching parallel with 
us the day before, had kept along the right bank of Stony 
Creek until they had passed beyond the Boydton Plank Road, 
and then had crossed over to the White Oak Road by the near- 
est route, in order to place themselves between us and the 
Southside Railroad, to which there is a direct road leading from 
Dinwiddle Court House through Five Forks and across Hatch- 
er's Run. The White Oak Road was the prolongation of the 
right flank of the enemy's line protecting Petersburg, and was 
important to be guarded by them on that account also. 

On this morning, as stated, General Merritt was posted on 
the Five Forks Road, and was about midway between that point 
anrl Dinwiddle Court House ; General Gibbes, with the reserve 
brigade, had the advance, and was immediately moved out in 
obedience to General Sheridan's order. The leading regiments. 
Sixth Pennsylvania and Second Massachusetts Cavalry, had 
hardly passed through their picket-line when they became 
engaged with the enemy's cavalry, and a sharp skirmish ensued, 
in which Colonel Leiper, Sixth Pennsylvania Cavalry, com- 
manding these two regiments, drove the enemy handsomely 
nearly to Five Forks, carrying a line of temporary breastworks, 
and developed a heavy force too strong for his command. 

This reconnoissance was deemed satisfactory, as demonstrat- 
ing the intention of the enemy to hold the White Oak Road, 
and a general engagement being impracticable and useless. 



WITH GENERAL SHERIDAN. 305 

owing to the condition of the weather and roads rendering 
co-operation by the infantry impossible, General Gibbes's brig- 
ade was slowly withdrawn to its original position, and the enemy^ 
satisfied to be let alone, remained quiet for the rest of the day. 

At dark we all sought the shelter of the Dinwiddie Hotel 
again, and the wagons still being reported far off in the slough, 
betook our hungry selves to music to while away the dreary 
hours. For the hotel had a piano, a relic of better days, rather 
unstrung, and a little off in tone perhaps, but good enough to 
sound chords for a chorus, for voices are full when other things 
are empty. Lovely ladies assisted too — ladies who had fled 
from Charleston to Petersburg, and from Petersburg to Dinwid- 
die, to keep out of harm's way, and who now particularly 
requested us not to fight a battle near the Coat House, as they 
called it. Their gentlemen who had been on picket there had 
promised them not to fight where they could see the carnage, 
and had kept their word; our gentlemen ought to do the same. 

Virginians always speak of their soldiers and of ours (when 
within our lines) as gentlemen. We say men, sometimes in the 
country regiments " boys," and it has a curious effect to hear a 
lady say, " That gentleman has killed one of my sheep " ; the 
property claim makes the title paradoxical. When we were not 
near, in the freedom of the social circle we were commonly 
called " Yanks," and the smallest children have confessed that 
their infant tongues were taught to prefix naughty words to that 
contemptuous title. But on this occasion circumstances had 
made us gentlemen -pro tern., so we gave our knightly words of 
honor not to bring red war to the door-step of the Dinwiddie 
Hotel, and then betook ourselves to merry song, and harmony 
ruled the hour. 

During the night the rain gave out, doubtless fatigued with 
constant falling, and very early on the thirty-first we were in the 
saddle, riding along the lines to learn if the enemy was making 
any demonstration, and to send out reconnoissances if all was 
quiet. 

Notwithstanding the fact that Dinwiddie Court House was 
not a paying locality for a hotel, and of no great account as a 



306 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

town, it was of considerable importance in a military point of 
view. It is a hub from which no end of roads diverge. The 
Boydton Plank Road passes by on the way to Petersburg, and 
led to the left flank of the Army of the Potomac, which 
stretched across it trying to reach the White Oak Road ; then 
there is the Five Forks Road, with its ramifications, and a 
smaller road to the left of that which crosses Chamberlaine's 
Bed or Run, and runs on in the direction of the White Oak 
Road. On the other hand, there are as many avenues leading 
away toward the James River, which we were compelled to 
cover and protect. The suddenness of our first move had 
given us possession of Dinwiddie Court House, and now the 
enemy, appreciating the importance of the position, evidently 
proposed to secure the advantages which we were enjoying 
there ; that is the military advantages — not the piano and the 
ladies. We have done with them for the present. But — 

" If our voices come back, and we don't get shot. 
We'll come back with them — otherwise not." 

It soon became evident that the enemy was restless, from the 
pattering shot dropping here and there on the dull, damp air of 
the morning, and we had not long to wait before he determined 
as to our weak point, and came down upon it like a battering- 
ram, according to his headlong habit. 

Beyond Dinwiddie Court House, looking north, the ground 
is high, and tolerably clear and level for a hundred yards or 
more, and then slopes down toward Chamberlaine's Bed, which 
is curtained with woods. The road that crosses the bed was 
held by Smith's brigade, of Crook's division, on the extreme 
left of our line, and here the enemy made their first assault, 
about ten o'clock in the morning. They came on fiercely, and 
some of them got on to our side of the water, but the brigade 
met them with a very determined resistance, and they were 
slowly driven back across the run, our men halting only when 
they had reached the bank. Meanwhile our bands played 
on the hill, and entertained the combatants with gay and 
patriotic airs. 



WITH GENERAL SHERIDAN. 307 

To the right of Smith General Irvine Gregg was posted, in 
the low ground along the bed, and on his right was General 
Davies's brigade, with his right flank joining the left of the first 
division, which had already moved out as far as Five Forks, but, 
encountering a strong body of infantry, had been forced to 
retire, and now circled across the Five Forks Road toward the 
Boydton Plank. Somewhere in this line the enemy's cavalry 
hoped to find a gap or make one ; and after wasting the better 
half of the morning in the vain assault on Smith, and in ill- 
tempered firing across the bed alter their repulse, they moved 
slowly up the run, looked in upon Irvine Gregg, whose fine 
brigade, protected by a marsh, could laugh at them, and pass- 
ing him, found both a better piece of country for their designs, 
and prospect of success, in front of General Davies. Heavily 
reinforced by infantry from the White Oak Road, they attacked 
him fiercely, and elbowed him out ot his place in line, and 
crowded him back upon the two brigades of the first division 
under Devin, upon his right. Mounted and dismounted, as the 
ground permitted, these troops then together contested every 
grove and every knoll, and fell back slowly toward the Boydton 
Plank Road before the overpowering force of the enemy. 

If this has been clearly understood, it will be seen that our 
line was now broken in two, all on the right of the Five Forks 
Road (looking toward that point) having been swept off in the 
direction of the Army of the Potomac, with the enemy between 
them and our troops on the left of that road ; and now, in 
following the retiring lines of Davies and Devin, the enemy 
bore to the right, with the double object of entirely cutting 
off all communication between the divided sections of our 
command, and thus, while gaining possession of the Boydton 
Plank Road, force the troops on the left of our line to abandon 
Dinwiddle Court House. 

Fortunately General Gibbes, with the reserve brigade which 
had been held in hand for emergencies, was standing to horse 
where the Five Forks Road is intersected by a dirt road that 
runs off to the Boydton Plank, about a mile above Dinwiddle. 



308 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

As the marching flank of the enemy in pursuit of Davics and 
Devin, wheeling toward the Plank Road, came crashing through 
the woods, General Gibbes was ordered to attack, and his 
gallant brigade had hardly started before they struck the enemy 
in flank and rear. Almost simultaneously with General Gibbes's 
assault. General Irvine Gregg vvas ordered to leave his position 
on Chamberlaine's Run, move rapidly by his right flank, 
mounted, and taking a wood-path leading over to the Five 
Forks Road, fall upon the enemy's rear on the left of General 
Gibbes. This order was promptly executed, and the sudden 
and combined attack thus made by these brigades caused the 
enemy to face about by the rear rank and look to his own 
defense. Davies and Devin were thus at once relieved of the 
pressure of the enemy's pursuit, and the trouble was averted 
that must have resulted from the appearance of this force in 
rear of the left flank of the Army of the Potomac, toward 
which they had been retreating. 

The result of the movements just described having been 
anticipated, General Davies had been already instructed, 
through General Merritt, to bring his command, with Devin's 
division, to Dinwiddie Court House, by way of the Boydton 
Plank Road, which had not yet fallen into possession of the 
enemy. 

It would have been possible at this time, as the enemy turned 
to meet the attack of Gibbes and Irvine Gregg, for Davies and 
Devin to have complicated his affairs somewhat by advancing 
upon his line as soon as he ceased to follow them ; but it is 
easy to imagine that their commands were in rather an unavail- 
able shape for offensive purposes after the severe retreating 
fight in which they had borne themselves so gallantly. Owing 
to the woody nature of the country, too, it was impossible for 
them to comprehend the exact position of the enemy in rela- 
tion to our troops upon the left, and they could not therefore, 
perhaps, have been expected to do more than get together their 
men and horses and march to Dinwiddie Court House as rapidly 
as possible. This they did, but only rejoined the command 



WITH GENERAL SHERIDAN. 309 

after the fighting was over for the day. No disaster resulted 
from want of their troops, however, as our men upon the left 
proved equal to the emergency which they were compelled to 
meet, when the enemy, quickly recovering from the shock of 
the unexpected attack in rear, assumed the offensive in that 
direction, and, with their largely superior forre, pressed back 
the brigades of Gibbes and Gregg toward Dinwiddle Court 
House. 

It was evident now that we had a difficult matter in hand, 
requiring the most careful attention and delicate management 
if we proposed to quarter in the Dinwiddle Hotel that evening. 
General Sheridan did so propose ; and while throwing into the 
conflict in front all his energies, roused now to the highest pitch 
by the enemy's success, he sent off rapid riders to General 
Custer, in rear, who had been laboring all this time with the 
wagons and had not reached Dinwiddie, and [ordered him to 
bring two of his brigades quickly to the front. Custer never 
required more than simple orders on such an occasion, for he 
had in himself the vim which insured a prompt response to the 
wishes of the commanding general; and so, forsaking the 
uncongenial task to which he had been a martyr, he hurried 
forward at the head of these brigades, and reported to General 
Sheridan at a critical moment when this excellent reinforcement 
was sorely needed. 

The enemy, in attacking Gibbes and Gregg, had not only 
reversed their ranks, but, in order to protect themselves from 
troops that we might have on the left of Gregg, Had necessarily 
changed the direction of their march, and now the fight gradu- 
ally crept along toward Chamberlaine's Bed, on which they 
sought to rest their right flank, to secure themselves from 
further surprise. This backward movement delayed them 
somewhat, of course, and favored us also, in the fact that, by 
swinging round in that direction they relieved both Gibbes and 
Gregg, who had been hard pushed, and found fresh opponents 
in the fine brigade of General Smith, which now disputed 
warmly their approach along the bed. It was just as the car- 



310 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

bines of Smith began to rattle in the woods below that the head 
of Custer's column reached the high ground in front of Din- 
widdle Court House. 

On the right of this open ridge the brigades of Gibbes and 
Gregg were seen slowly retiring and forming in line again, cov- 
ering the Boydton Plank Road. Along the edge of the woods 
in their front, the gray uniforms of the rebel infantry could be 
distinguished moving off toward Smith, and evidently bent upon 
ousting him from his position on the bed before they attempted 
anything further. Seeing this, Gibbes's brigade, on our extreme 
right, moved forward again with spirit, and kept the enemy in 
its front diverted, while Smith continued his splendid effort 
against the large force now attacking him. General Sheridan 
instructed General Smith that when compelled to retire, as every 
one saw he must do, he should fall back to the high, open 
ground in rear, and go into. position on the extreme left of the 
line, which we were now preparing to defend to the last. The 
first brigade of Custer's division was dismounted on the hill, 
and immediately set to work with a will to throw up a breast- 
work of rails, and the neighboring fences were rapidly sacrificed 
for the purpose. 

Now, for almost the first time during this hard day's fight, 
could artillery be used, and the horse batteries went quickly 
into position and awaited the coming enemy. Smith held onto 
the bed with tight-clinched hands, and only let go his hold when 
he had hardly a round of ammunition left; then, abandoning 
the road on which he had been fighting, he took to the woods 
in front of our left, and trudged up the hill toward Dinwiddle, 
followed by the enemy, unmolested. 

At this moment the enemy's cavalry appeared on the stage 
in one short act. Apparently they had been formed on the 
west bank of the bed, and now, as Smith abandoned the road, 
these fiery cavaliers dashed over the bed, and galloped wildly 
up the slope to cut off Smith, to get possession of the Court 
House, to salute the ladies, and be patted on the back ; and as 
a staff officer, who had just left General Smith, was telling 



WITH GENERAL SHERIDAN. 311 

General Sheridan that he was taking to the woods on our left 
and front, the enemy's cavalry rode suddenly into the open 
ground below us. But by this time Irvine Gregg and Custer's 
brigade were snugly fortified on the crest, calmly awaiting the 
progress of events. It seemed impossible that the enemy should 
have so soon gained the road from which the smoke of Smith's 
carbines had not yet cleared away, and for a moment our troops 
hesitated to fire, but only for an instant, and then they poured 
in a scathing volley upon the astonished column, which had 
staggered with surprise when it first emerged from the woods, 
and had halted in a mass, huddled together by the weight of 
its own impetus. The hot fire that burst out now from our 
breastworks seemed to wither this rash cavalry, for it vanished 
from sight, and was seen no more that day. 

The sun was nearly down now, but one more effort of the 
enemy was yet to be made to get possession of Dinwiddie Court 
House, and win some fruits of the hard day's work, which, so 
far, had borne but barren honor. The thundering salute to their 
cavalry had hardly ceased to echo through the woods when the 
long line of their infantry slowly debouched on the plain — 
infantry that was hard to beat. We used to think that living 
was such a poor life with them that they did not much care to 
continue it. They had an air of abandon, a sort of devil-may- 
care swing in their long stride as they advanced over a field, 
that was rather disheartening to men that did not want to get 
shot. And these were some of their best — parts or all of 
Pickett's and Johnson's divisions of Anderson's corps. While 
they were still deploying, Pennington's brigade of Custer's 
division reached the field, and was immediately ordered to the 
right, to the support of Gibbes. Catching sight of the enemy, 
Pennington's men burst into a glorious cheer as they splashed 
through the miry road behind the rails, and from left to right 
the shout was passed along, while General Sheridan, cap in 
hand, galloped up the line with some of his staff and Generals 
Merritt and Custer, who were with him at the moment, and 
drew the first fire of the now advancing enemy. Mud and bul- 



312 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

lets flew, and an enthusiastic reporter of the Nezv York Herald, 
who was carried away by his feeHngs at this juncture, was shot 
in the shoulder following the general. Our artillery now opened, 
and at such short range could not fail to be destructive, and a 
moment later the carbines of five brigades were blazing in the 
twilight, the repeating Spensers puffing out their cartridges like 
Roman candles. The heavy fire from both sides continued for 
a few minutes, and, meanwlpiile, darkness settled down upon us. 
Gradually the fire from the enemy became fitful and irregular, 
and soon ceased altogether, for, as they advanced across the 
open ground, they seemed to count the cost ol carrying our 
line, and weigh the advantages of holding the Court House by 
such uncertain tenure as theirs would be, separated by miles 
from their own army, and liable to be annihilated before they 
could rejoin it. Acting on the conclusion of this sober second 
thought, they contented themselves with such glory as the day 
had brought, and, wrapping themselves up in it, lay down in 
their tracks to rest as soon as the slacking of our fire permitted. 
Thus closed one of the severest and best of our cavalry 
fights ; one that tested to the extreme the endurance and the 
spirit of the command, and proved again its gallantry and 
steadfastness. The fight did not close with a grand feii de-joie 
or a blaze of glory. It flickered, and then went out, because 
the enemy, who might have made it dramatic, decided to have 
it commonplace, and we appreciated his motives too well to 
attempt to have it otherwise, for we would, unquestionably, 
have been roughly handled had we mistaken his hesitancy and 
sallied out of our breast-works to attack him. We felt entitled 
to some glory, too, at nightfall, for if the enemy's object was to 
gain possession of Dinwiddie Court House, we had foiled him 
in that; if he had intended to cripple our cavalry and prevent 
our acting against his right and rear, he had failed in that, as he 
discovered next morning; and if his only object was a fight, 
he had got a Roland for his Oliver, and he had captured no 
prisoners and no material of war. It was hard to see wherein 
he had bettered himself, or disproportionately damaged us, so 



WITH GENERAL SHERIDAN. 313 

we did not feel downhearted ; though we had lost some ground 
we still held the key that opened the way to the enemy's right 
and rear, and our own communications were all intact, and we 
still kept the Dinwiddle Hotel. 

In his official report General Grant says that in this battle of 
Dinwiddle Court House General Sheridan displayed great gen- 
eralship, and the lieutenant-general is good authority. It is 
hoped that the reader has been able to see how the general dis- 
played generalship : in extricating his command from the com- 
plications in which it was involved by the difficult nature of the 
country and the superior strength of the enemy ; in keeping 
employed this formidable force, which might have caused 
infinite annoyance to the left flank of the Army of the Potomac ; 
and at the same time retaining his hold of the strategic point 
from which new efl'orts could best be made, and where his 
presence was a standing threat to the enemy's communications. 

When it became evident that the enemy had no intention 
of making any further demonstration, General Sheridan retired 
to a small house in rear of our lines, and sent off a dispatch to 
the lieutenant-general briefly narrating the events of the day, 
and adding, for his information, that the force of the enemy 
was too strong for us, left him to take such action as he might 
deem proper, while assuring him that our command would not 
leave Dinwiddle until compelled to do so. The dispatch reads 
as follows : 

Cavalry Headquarters, 

DiNWiDDiE Court House, 

March 31st, 1865. 

Lieutenant-General Grant, 

Commanding Armies of the United States: 
The enemy's cavalry attacked me about ten o'clock to-day, 
on the road coming in from the west, and a little north of 
Dinwiddle Court House. This attack was handsomely repulsed 
by General Smith's brigade, of Crook's division, and the enemy 
was driven across Chamberlaine's Creek. Shortly afterward the 
enemy's infantry attacked on the same creek in heavy force, and 



314 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

drove in General Davies's brigade, and advancing rapidly, 
gained the forks of the road at J. Boisseau's. This forced 
Devin, who was in advance, and Davies to cross to the Boydton 
Road. General Gregg's brigade and General Gibbes's brigade, 
which had been toward Dinwiddle, then attacked the enemy in 
the rear very handsomely. This stopped the march toward the 
left of our infantry, and finally caused them to turn toward Din- 
widdle and attack us in heavy force. The enemy then again 
attacked at Chamberlaine's Creek, and forced Smith's position. 
At this time Capehart's and Pennington's brigades, of Custer's 
division, came up, and a very handsome fight occurred. The 
enemy have gained some ground, but we still hold in front of 
Dinwiddie, and Davies and Devin are coming down the Boydton 
Road to join us. The opposing force was Pickett's division : 
Wise's independent brigade of infantry, and Fitzhugh Lee's, 
Rosser's, and W. H. Lee's cavalry commands. The men 
behaved splendidly. Our loss in killed and wounded will prob- 
ably number four hundred and fifty men ; very few were lost as 
prisoners. We have of the enemy a number of prisoners. This 
force is too strong for us. I will hold out at Dinwiddie Court 
House until I am compelled to leave. Our fighting to-day was 
all dismounted. 

(Signed) P. H. SHERIDAN, 

Major- Genc7'al. 

The house where this was written was a poor frame affair, 
inhabited by a woman and a half-dozen little children, who were 
living on Heaven knows what in that desert land ; their house 
filled with wounded, and a fear of having it riddled with shot in 
the morning. It was a relief to get away from it and put 
Davies's and Devin's troops into camp behind Dinwiddie Court 
House as they marched into our lines by way of the Boydton 
Plank Road. By midnight every preparation for the morning 
was completed : ammunition was brought up and distributed; 
wagons were parked at the point they had reached, some three 
or four miles still short of Dinwiddie ; the wounded were all 



WITH GENERAL SHERIDAN. 315 

cared for and moved to the rear; and then we betook ourselves 
again to the hotel, where we fell down on the sofest board that 
offered, and were asleep. 

Meanwhile the lieutenant-general seems to have been awake, 
as we find that he immediately acted upon General Sheridan's 
report of the fight at Dinwiddle by ordering to his support 
MacKenzie's division of cavalry from the Army of the James, 
and first one division and then the whole of the Fifth Corps. 
General Grant evidently deemed it important that General 
Sheridan should not be foiled in his effort to break through the 
enemy's right flank, and therefore sent to him a force sufficient 
to accomplish that end — a judicious reinforcement, that led to 
the best results. 

Unfortunately, however, there is associated with the brilliant 
operations which followed an unpleasant personal matter, which 
ought perhaps to be noticed here. Everybody will remember 
that at the battle of Five Forks, on April ist, Major-General 
Warren was relieved from the command of the Fifth Army 
Corps by General Sheridan, and ordered to report to General 
Grant, and as we are on the eve of that engagement, it seems 
proper to speak of this incident now, because General Sheridan 
was undoubtedly influenced to his action in regard to General 
Warren partially by events preceding the battle. At the time 
much interest was felt in the community to learn the real causes 
of General Warren's removal, for he was an officer of promi- 
nence in the Army of the Potomac, and his record and reputa- 
tion were such that it is a question whether this personal affair 
did not cause as much discussion in the North as the important 
battle of which it was an incident. This interest has been kept 
alive by supporters of the two officers concerned ; and lately, 
if the circumstance was in danger of being forgotten, attention 
has again been called to it by the pamphlet of General Warren, 
giving his version of the difficulty, interwoven with a sketch 
of the operations of his corps. In view of these circumstances 
it would be idle to ignore this subject in a narrative purporting 
to follow General Sheridan through this campaign, and as the 



316 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

steps by which he finally reached his determination to relieve 
General Warren lead through the whole of this day's operations, 
the reader will doubtless prefer to take them in turn, as thus he 
will be better able to decide whether General Sheridan was 
justified in this summary action toward a fellow-officer at the 
close of a successful day. In discussing this question a sincere 
endeavor will be made to treat it fairly and impartially ; because, 
in the first place, General Sheridan does not need to have his 
reputation upheld at the expense of any other officer, and 
because good taste and truth would alike condemn a blind 
panegyric which facts do not support. No reader can fail to 
appreciate General Warren's delicate position ; but in General 
Sheridan's behalf it is needful to discuss some portions of 
General Warren's pamphlet, and the reader is only asked to 
draw his own conclusions from the records from which we 
quote. Some influential newspapers have decided this case 
already in favor of General Warren without hearing the other 
side, looking at the controversy from his stand-point; but it is 
believed that the facts can be shown to sustain General Sheridan, 
looking at the matter from neutral ground. It may be well to 
add, that if #iis sketch here and there smacks of defense, it is 
only because in some points at issue General Sheridan cannot 
well make himself heard, and therefore it seems simple justice 
to lay before the reader what can with propriety be advanced 
in his behalf; and as the events which we are describing will 
some day be studied by the historian, whose task is an unenvi- 
able one at best, the testimony of eye-witnesses will always be 
valuable provided it be true. 

We have seen that General Grant acted at once upon General 
Sheridan's dispatch from Dinwiddie, and then he wrote a note 
to him as follows : 

Dabney Mills, 
March 31st, 1865, 10.05 ''• ^*' 

Major-General Sheridan : 

The Fifth Corps has been ordered to your support. Two 
divisions will go by J. Boisseau's and one down the Boydton 
Road. In addition to this I have sent MacKenzic's cavalry, 



PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE. 317 

which will reach you by the Vaughan Road. All these forces, 
except the cavalry, should reach you by twelve o'clock to-night. 
You will assume command of the whole force sent to operate 
with you, and use it to the best of your ability to destroy the 
force which your command has fought so gallantly to-day. 
(Signed) U. S. GRANT, 

Lieutenant- General. 

This is all that passed on the subject between General 
Sheridan and the lieutenant-general. It is short and to the 
point on both sides, especially that part regarding reinforce- 
ments — quite a model of military correspondence ; and the 
action of the lieutenant-general, unquestioning and uncomplain- 
ing, evinces a confidence that must have been gratifying to his 
lieutenant at Dinwiddle. General Grant says, speaking of the 
Fifth Corps, "Two divisions will go by J. Boisseau's and one 
down the Boydton Road, and should reach you by twelve 
o'clock to-night." Here begins the association of General 
Warren with General Sheridan, and so, with the reader's per- 
mission, we will now change the scene to the camp of the 
Fifth Corps, on the left of the Army of the Potomac. 

[ To be continued. ~\ 



Reminiscences of Prison Life and Escape. 

[ Con/tf!ued.~\ 

One day my own prison family got a chance to go outside 
the guard line and get a pine tree for wood and to build us a 
house. We got a good tree and got it cut, split and lugged 
into camp and our house just completed. One of our boys, 
A. T. Robinson, of my company and regiment, fell forward on 
to a stick of wood, hurting him so as to cause a rupture for the 
rest of his life. Our house was completed and we were proud 
enough of it. It was made of flat stakes or stockades driven 
into the ground as closely as possible, and a roof made of the 



318 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

same materials only split thinner and battened and held in place 
by poles tied on to the top. Just as we were cutting our tree 
down one of the guards shot one of our men in the bowels, 
cutting across the abdomen so as to let his entrails run out in 
two places. The man in going after water had stepped across 
a corner of the sentry beat. The man lived two or tliree hours 
in great agony. 

Another man was killed by a tree falling on him. A number 
of men cut a tree down inside of our camp, felling it directly 
into a crowd of men, and seemed as reckless and indifferent as 
the rebels themselves. We were huddled together as closely as 
possible, and our whole camp was a solid crowd. This man's 
leg bones stuck through the flesh several inches and I believe 
he was killed almost instantly. Well, we had finished our house 
and were about to move into it when we got order to "Fall in," 
and march to the station. We left our house just as we built 
it and marched aboard the cars and went down to Thomasville 
instead of towards Savannah. We got off the cars at Thomas- 
ville and were marched through the streets of the town and 
down back of the town, and went into camp near the edge of 
a pine forest. On our way through the town the people came 
out of their houses and stood on their verandas and reviled us, 
and they got as good as they sent. We had in our crowd a 
large number of graduates from schools of profanity and bad 
language and they let their tongues loose on the inhabitants of 
Thomasville in defiance of the guards, and in fact the guards 
didn't seem only half-hearted in their orders to our fellows to 
" shut up." One honorable exception : an old lady came out 
and looked at the line of haggard, starving skeletons a few 
minutes, then raised her hands and said in a loud distinct voice, 
" I'm sorry for ye, boys; it's a shame, a disgrace to our people 
to use ye so." The rebel guards and officers yelled, " Shut up, 
old woman. Go in your house, God damn ye ! " Then our 
boys yelled back to the rebs, " Shut up yourselves, you yallar- 
bellied corn-crackers ! You don't know anything. That's the 
only white woman in the whole South ! " Then went up a 



PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE. 319 

cheer for the old lady. We drowned the voices of the guards 
and amid cheers and expressions of gratitude to the good 
woman and jawing with the guards we had a little pandemonium. 
She kept up her expressions of sympathy till we were out of 
hearing. I should think she must have been sixty years old 
and is probably not living now. How many times I have 
thought of her since. Her courage to stand alone in that 
crowded rebel town and amid threats, jeers and insults of her 
neighbors, offer to us all that was in her power to offer — her 
sympathy for us, and express her sorrow for our misery. 

We passed on through the town, down to the edge of a pine 
forest perhaps a mile from the city of Thomasville. I recollect 
of seeing a white negro child in the edge of the town, an albino, 
I suppose. A child perhaps ten years old, with full African 
features but as white as chalk. We went into camp as I said 
before by the side of a pine forest, and in a few days the rebels 
began a deep trench around us to set up stockades in, but we 
were not destined to stay there long enough to have prison walls 
erected around us. It was evident to us that our forces were 
troubling the rebels considerably for we were ordered to march 
to the Blue Springs, on the Flint River, a distance of sixty- 
three miles by the guide board at a cross road we passed. 

During my stay in Andersonville I obtained a copy of one of 
Lloyds maps of the State of Georgia from an artist comrade of 
the One Hundredth New York named James Hoffman. I always 
meant to try to escape, and for that reason I studied the map a 
good deal, and so when we were ordered to march to the Flint 
River I remembered that it was near Albany and that Albany 
was either on the Georgia Central Railroador a branch of it, on 
which that dread old prison, Andersonville, was situated. I sus- 
pectected then that we were to be sent back to Andersonville. 
I got it out of one of the more intelligent guards one day on the 
march by careful questioning that Andersonville was our des- 
tination. Then I determined to try to escape right off. But 
the day we started two men with six or more hounds came 
along and marched behind us, and before long we heard the 



320 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

baying of the hounds after some poor fellow who tried to escape, 
and shortly after he was captured and brought in. I had to 
give up my plans for immediate escape then thinking I would 
try it if I could when we got to the Flint River ; then I might 
float down the river and the hounds could not track me. I 
think we were three days on this march, and considering our 
reduced condition I think it was done quickly. 

To illustrate how thin we were, I will tell you that my average 
weight before being in rebel prisons was about one hundred and 
fifty pounds and I was pretty plump. Well, I was so reduced 
that I could easily count every bone in my body, and the two 
cartilages which form my nose with the skin and bone were all 
I had for a nose. There was a deep crease in the end of my 
nose, and I do not think I weighed more than fifty pounds. 
The most of my comrades were as poor as I, and you can 
understand why we were not strong. About the second day we 
had accomplished our day's march and were building our fire 
and preparing to rest for the night when an order came to move 
across a brook on to a little hill. We dragged ourselves across 
the brook, getting all wet, and had to fix up for the night again. 
This was in the first of December, and although it was not a 
cold climate we had a little snow and quite a hard frost the 
night before. However, that night we had a cold rain storm. 
I do not expect you to imagine our sufferings, but when one of 
our cold, raw October or November rain storms mixed with 
snow are prevailing, and the cattle and sheep come to the barn 
or stand in the fence corners shivering, then imagine if you can 
how you would like to camp out on some cold hillside without 
the ghost of a shelter, in the scantiest of summer suits, and 
you may get some idea of how we fared that night. Several 
graves or whitened skeletons, I do not know which, are there to 
mark the spot. True we got a few fires started but we had no 
axes to cut wood and the rain soon put out our fires and all we 
could do was to lay down on the wet ground with the pitiless 
storm beating upon us, and huddle together as closely as we 
could and wait for morning. I walked around trying to keep 



PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE. 321 

warm until tired out, then I lay down beside some men more 
fortunate than myself and one of them said to me, " Lay up 
close to me ; God knows you won't be any too warm then." I 
did so and he put his blanket over me and I slept and rested 
some that night, thanks to the kindness of a stranger. I shall 
never forget him though I never knew his name or face. Some 
of our prisoners had blankets but the most of us were entirely 
destitute. That was one night of suffering out of very many 
we experienced while in captivity. 

I will mention one more incident of our march. Heretofore 
our guards had been Georgia Militia. For some unknown 
reason there were some old rebel soldiers who had been to the 
front, guarded us at least part of the way on this march and 
their treatment of us was kind and manly. One day we passed 
a house in front of which was a field of peanuts not all har- 
vested and I with several others was allowed to go in and dig 

ome, and we pawed the sand lively. The planter came out 
and ordered the guards to take us out of his garden or he 
would shoot some of us. The guard told him to " go back 
into his house." " I might fall into you 'uns hands some time 
and I don't believe you would refuse me a few ground peas." 
I always noticed that those who were brave enough to fight 
were generally manly in their treatment of prisoners. Well, 
we arrived at Blue Springs, though I did not see them, and 
bivouacked beside the Flint River. There we were organized 
into twenty-fives, fifties, hundreds and thousands. I do not 
know how many thousands there were of us. Commissary Ser- 
geant Whittlesy of one of our Western regiments was in com- 
mand of the hundred and thousand to which I belonged, a 
bright manly young man he was. I think we staid there sev- 
eral days. We had little fires of pitch pine wood to cook our 
scanty rations and also to warm us and the smoke soon begrimmed 
our faces so we looked as black as any of the negroes. We 
had no soap so it was impossible to wash the soot off. One 

morning a rebel officer came and called all the sergeants of 
thousands to him and said he wanted one thousand to go aboard 



322 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

the cars that evening to go somewhere to be exchanged. That 
was what they always told us when they wanted to move us. 
He said the sergeants could draw lots to see whose squad should 
go first if they wished. Well, we got the second or third 
chance and when our turn came marched across the river and 
went aboard the cars. I had noticed that a train went up 
towards Andersonville at about four o'clock every morning and 
I was perfectly sure in my own mind that was where we were 
going. I was just beginning to have the scurvy and I was well 
satisfied that if I went back to Andersonville to spend the winter 
I should die there. I did not mean to go. Well, they drove us 
into those freight cars, one hundred in a car, as though we were 
sheep or swine, and packed us as closely. Then the guards were 
posted around us and we had the night before us, " packed like 
sardines in a box." The guards built some fires so they could 
see the doors of our movable prison and made themselves ready 
for the night. Our door was about half-way open. We had a 
garrulous old fellow named Joe Hammer, who had amused 
himself by telling the rebels stories about that mythical country 
called the North — stories that rivaled the Arabian Nights for 
marvelousness — and they wanted him to come out of the car 
and tell them some more stories. Joe went out and soon the 
two rebels set to guard our door were listening to him with 
mouths wide open utterly oblivious to everything on earth 
except the wonderful stor}'. I came to the door of the car and 
took in the situation and determined then and there to try to 
escape. Bidding one of our family a hasty good by I dropped 
down on to the ground and scrambled along under the edge of 
the car, past the tender and locomotive, then dodged behind the 
corner of the depot or freight house and I was clear from the rebels. 
Recollect, this was at night, the train would not start until 
morning and the engineer and firemen were not on the engines. 
Another thing favored me : it was dark as Egypt and a cold 
drizzling rain was falling. 

It didn't cost the Southern Confederacy anything to guard or 
feed me any more after that night, the twenty-fourth of Decem- 



PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE. 323 

ber, 1864. Then commenced my experience life as a fugitive 
slave for I lived with them and fared the same as they did. 
When I found myself clear from the rebels and was satisfied 
they had not missed me, I thought I would take a westward 
course as near as I could tell or guess, and did so. The first I 
brought up against was a picket fence. I stopped a minute 
and discovered a light away in the distance which I took for a 
light in a negro hut outside of the city. Then I decided to 
climb every obstacle, fence or what not, and go straight to that 
light ; accordingly I climbed the picket fence and walked eight 
or ten feet and came to another picket fence at about right 
angles with the first. I climbed that also and soon found myself 
in a "wood pasture" as it was called in Southern dialect. Four 
months later I came back and saw the city of Albany, Ga., 
under the old flag and looked up my escape route and found I 
had climbed over the corner of a man's front yard when by 
deviating a little from my course I might have gone around it 
in half the time it took me to do the climbing, but I still think 
I did right in keeping my course. I soon found myself outside 
of the city and could hear the roosters crowing and another 
sound that I paid more attention to, the yelping of hounds ! I 
struggled along as fast as my feeble condition would allow till I 
came to a fence. I followed the fence till I found a tree I 
thought I could climb and then sat down on the fence and 
waited for the hounds and hunters, for I certainly thought they 
wcie after me. After a short time I concluded they were only 
the dogs in the city having a concert, and as the sounds did not 
conic nearer to me I started on towards the light. After I got 
over the fence I found myself in a newly ploughed field, and it 
was muddy and oh, so hard for me to make any progress, and 
yet I was cold all through. I did not have enough blood to 
keep me warm. What little clothing I had was all drenched 
through. For clothing I had an unlined blouse of blue flannel 
for a shirt with a big hole on each shoulder and a similar outlet 
for the elbows ; the wrists of the sleeves were worn and ragged 
half way to the elbows too, with only one button left, but I 



324 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

pinned it together with sHvers of wood. My pants were those 
I had on when captured, only some the worse for wear. I had 
mended them all I could but the holes in the knees would grow 
larger and the seams around the bottoms of the legs were worn 
off and the holes in the knees had torn downward but I pinned 
or sewed the bottoms together and got along that way. I 
mended the holes over the pockets by sewing the pocket to the 
cloth where the cloth would reach, and where it would not I had 
to leave a hole. I had quite a decent pair of stockings which 
I had bought in prison, but my shoes I had to mend to keep 
them on my feet. How do you suppose we could mend shoes 
in a rebel prison? I will tell you. I cut strings (5fT the tops of 
the quarters and bored holes through the soles and uppers and 
tied the soles on in that way, and as fast as the strings wore out 
put in new ones ; by that means some of us had exceedingly 
low quartered shoes. I had an old regulation hat or a skeleton 
of one and this hat completed my entire stock of clothing. I 
was cold that night — chilled as I hope never to be again. 

After a long time I arrived near the light and found it was a 
fire out door instead of in a negro hut. Now when I got away 
from the guards I had no idea that it would be possible for me 
to elude the hounds if once they got after me and I did not doubt 
they would, for every morning they used to circle around our 
camp and if anyone had escaped they would take his track as 
quickly as though he was a wild beast and soon run him down. 
I hoped to stay out long enough to get all I wanted to eat once 
more and get some other simple necessaries, such as possibly 
an old rug or piece of a quilt or some rags I could patch my 
clothes with, a spoon, dipper or knife of some kind. I had 
traded while in Andersonville or Millen for what, I think, was a 
cavalryman's saddlebag and I had made some preparation to 
escape by trading for and obtaining some extra rations. I had 
one and a half large round hard tack and a piece of boiled beef 
and a wooden spoon in this haversack or saddlebag. Well, I 
wanted to know what this fire was. It would flash up brightly 
for a minute and then die down. I watched it, looking all the 



PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE. 325 

time to see if there wasn't a rebel picket guard near it, and one 
time I thought I saw a stack of muskets, but creeping nearer I 
found there was no one near and that it was a pitch pine stump 
burning out. Then I went up to it and sat down on the ground 
and began to get warm. The ground was quite hot around it. 
I thought I would eat what I had and then sleep and rest and 
then I should have as much strength as I could hope to muster 
for a march of as far as I could possibly get from rebels or 
prisons. I curled around that fire and slept very comfortably 
and woke up just as day was breaking. I started, as my com- 
pass said, westward, and in about twenty rods came to a turn- 
pike and followed it a mile, I guess; came to a swamp with a 
causeway across and over it. I went around a bend and came 
to a big plantation with cornfields on each side of the road. I 
went over the high " zigzag " or " Virginia " fence and found a 
few ears of corn that had been overlooked in harvesting. This 
was just what I wanted, and I gathered them greedily. 

While in the cornfield I heard a sound that startled me, a 
horse galloping. I instantly dropped down and tried to hide 
but it was too late. I saw approaching at a good gallop a 
nigger on a big yellow mule and he was looking right at me. I 
went up to the fence and motioned him to stop, which he did, 
jumped off his mule and respectfully pulled off his hat and 
raised his hand to his head, saluted, bowed and dragged one big 
foot backwards as obsequiously as if I had been his master. 
Then a short talk something like this: " Hello, where are you 
going?" Another bow and salute with a rolling up of his eyes, 
" I's gwine to Albany to get some dram, dis Christmas morning, 
sah, and we has a holiday, sah, 'n' I hopes to see oT Mis' and 
she'll gib me drink of whiskey, sah." " Do you know who I 
am? " I asked him, looking shar[jly at him. " Yes, sah, tinks I 
does, sah ; I s'pose you is a Yankee," said he, dropping his voice 
almost to a whisper. " Who will you tell first that you have 
seen a Yankee?" "Won't tell noboddy sah, never, sah." 
" Why? " " Cos," said he, " Bruh Benjerman, he been work on 
de forts fur de gubment up to Ansonville and he say wen you'ns 



326 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

all comes," dropping his voice and looking around cautiously, 
" we's be free ! " 

That was enough, I thought I could trust him. I showed 
him my pocket compass and told him if he could hide me two 
months that it should be his. He said he could and would, and 
would ask me " nuffin." Then he declared he had seen me 
before and knew me. Said he, " I'se seen you in de ' circus ' 
las' yeah." I told him no, never. " What, wan't you been in 
de circus? Thought I'd seen yer. Well, come right way; I'll 
hide yer wher no buddy won't nebber find yer, ober in de back 
lots. I's de hog minder 'n' I's logging of some new Ian' ol' 
Mis' a clearin' an' ye can keep all de fire ye want an' no buddy'll 
eber find ye." I went over the fence again and he directed me 
to the fodder stacks, saying he didn't want no dram and would 
go round and come in by the gate. Just as I landed on the 
other side of the fence he told me to lie down. I heard another 
hoof beat and down I went. Another nig rode up and they 
talked a minute, when I heard a loud laugh and then nig num- 
ber two rode on and was soon out of sight. I went up to the 
fodder stacks and waited a few minutes when my new friend 
came with about half a dozen of his dusky friends of both 
sexes, each bearing me a Christmas present. One gave me a 
big piece of corn bread, another a big wad of molasses candy 
made of sorghum syrup with pork fat in it for flavoring. Still 
others gave me a piece of tobacco, none of them neglecting to 
wish me a merry Christmas. I took their presents and told 
them I felt very thankful to them. I haven't got over feeling 
thankful to them yet, and don't ever expect to. No Christmas 
ever goes by without my thinking of those simple-minded people 
and their kindly gifts. I do not know what saved my life for I ate 
everything they gave me but the tobacco right there and then 
Then a committee of " cullud pussuns," Brer Matt, Brer Benja- 
min, Prince, Abe, John and William took me into a house and 
brought soft soap and warm water and stripped my (clothes?) 
rags off and scrubbed me white. I thought they would scour 
the skin off, part of the time. Then they each contributed a 



PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE. 327 

part and got me up a nice suit of clothes, consisting of a hat 
made of bulrushes, cotton shirt and an old frock coat, but I was 
still minus pants. Two or three went out and skirmished around 
for a pair for me and came back reporting a complete failure. 
It began to look as though I should have to do without that 
part of the outfit when Brer Benjamin got up, and swelling up 
in a very important manner, strutted around the room and 
delivered himself thusly : " Once when de Lord was here on 
dis yer erth, he wuz 'er trabbilin' erlong, un He got hongry 'n' 
he wer orful hongry 'n' He coll on der rich man 'n' de rich man 
he woodn' gib 'im nufifin' ter eat ; 'n' der He call on der pore 
widder woman 'n' He ax her ter gib 'im sumfin' 'n' she only had 
flour nuff ter make one little hoe cake er bread, but she make 
dat up 'n' set it afore Him 'n' He sat down 'n' eat, 'n' when He 
got up der was er plenty left ! " I could not think what the 
poor nig was driving at. He went out and brought me in his 
new breeches, his next year's ration of pants, as it were, and 
remarking that the Lord would probably " gib him nudder pair," 
gave them to me. Then I ate another large lunch and my first 
acquaintance. Matt, conducted me out into the back lots and left 
me in a thicket for the day. I ate till I positively could not hold 
any more roasted sweet potatoes, fresh pork, and corn bread. 
Then I slept, sitting before my little fire and leaning back against 
a gum tree. 

The rain storm had not cleared off and towards night it began 
to pour pretty hard and I began to feel chilly and so I went into 
the quarters. There was no white man there owing to a scarcity 
of that article, and the plantation was managed by an overseer 
on another plantation some five miles distant. So I was com- 
paratively safe going in before dark. They took me into an 
unoccupied tenement, built me a good fire and I took solid com- 
fort resting that night. Then Prince and Abe told me I could 
have their house all to myself, as they did not use it, their wives 
being owned on another plantation. I staid in this house alone 
about a week, when one day one of the negroes brought in 
another escaped prisoner, Livingston Saylor, of a Pennsylvania 



328 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

regiment, who was my companion during my stay with the 
negroes. The door of our house was kept locked and we kept 
very still and were quite safe till one day Mrs. Davis Pace, 
the owner of the plantation, came out from town (Albany) 
where she lived, to give the slaves their yearly allowance of 
clothing. I was not aware that she was there and came out of 
my house as coolly and leisurely as if I was the owner. Then 
the darkies were frightened, but their quick wit saved me and 
them. A lot of the women huddled around their mistress and 
one of the " boys," " Tweedie " by name, came towards me say- 
ing in a terrified stage whisper, " Go down in 'e pond ! " mean- 
ing a little swamp near by. " Quick I tell yer ! Quick get 
down in de pond ! Outen sight ! Go ! Go ! " and I went and 
staid till Ole Mis' was gone. 

They did not dare to let us stay any longer in the house, so 
we went into the gin house and staid till sometime in February. 
This gin house was about forty feet square with no posts inside 
of the sills or under the center, and no boards on the lower 
eight feet. Above this eight feet was a floor for the raw or seed 
cotton, as brought from the fields. This floor rested on immense 
pine timbers to keep the floor from sagging any or springing. 
The object in having no inside posts below, was to admit a team 
to travel round with a sweep to carry the cotton gin. There 
was a stairway outside, up to the second story and the seed 
cotton was about four or five feet deep on the floor except the 
corner where the gin was. On the north side was a room about 
twelve feet wide extending across the end of the building from 
the eaves to the ground, this was the " lint room" where the 
"lint" or cleaned cotton was thrown from the gin. This was 
also boarded overhead and a large lot of cotton seed was 
heaped up on top of this lint room. The gable end was 
boarded like many of our barns with wide cracks between the 
boards. Well, we climbed up on to this pile of cotton seed and 
made us a bed by digging a hole down into the seed so we 
could be all out of sight. anytime we wanted to hide, and there 
we staid day after day waiting, waiting, waiting, for what we 



PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE. 329 

hardly knew. Some days the monotony was broken by an old 
gray-headed slave named Nelson with three or four boys, who 
came and ran the cotton gin. The mill was carried by four 
mules hitched to the sweeps below. Over the horses and below 
the floor, was a large wooden horizontal face wheel with cogs 
which mashed into a vertical cog wheel on a shaft, extending 
from the center of the room to the side of it, and near the wall 
on this shaft was a wheel carrying a belt to the machine. This 
machine, cotton-gin, consisted of twenty-four little steel saws. 
A steel plate with slots large enough to let the saws ruu 
through but not leaving room enough for cotton seed to go 
through was placed over the saws. The fiber was drawn 
through the slots by the saw teeth and taken off by a large 
cyhndrical brush which ran very much faster than the saws. 
The cotton seed fell to the floor and was shoveled out of a win- 
dow where it rotted and was used to manure the gardens. Com- 
rade Saylor and I used to feed the machine sometimes for 
amusement, while old Nelson looked on and showed us how. 
One day while in this gin house we were startled by hearing 
shots near by, but they proved to be only a rebel soldier on 
furlough out bird shooting. We kept still and he soon went 
away. 

One night it was suggested that we go hog hunting with Brer 
Prince and Abe, so about ten o'clock that night we started. 
The darkies had pitch pine torches when we should need them, 
butcher knives, a hatchet and a Scotch bull dog, named Juno. 
We went into the woods and found some hogs, when Abe sang 
out to his dog, " Whoop Juno, catch 'em ! " The dog neither 
barked nor growled but sprang forward like a panther and we 
knew she had her prey by the squeal. Abe rushed forward and 
seized the dog while the rest of us tackled the swine and held 
it. Abe choked the dog off and thumped the hog on the 
head and all was still, then we built a fire, singed off the bristles 
and dressed the hog. It was done very quickly and was 
dressed as nicely as though scalded. Then we took another 
porker the same way and went home. There was a supply of 



330 I'fJ^ MAINE BUGLE. 

sweet potatoes in pits near by and we helped ourselves to them 
whenever we wanted them. When I first escaped from the 
rebels at Albany, I do not think I weighed more than forty 
pounds, I could easily count every bone in my body. I was 
just a skeleton with the skin drawn very tightly over the bones. 
On this diet of fresh pork and sweet potatoes I soon fatted up 
and when I reported to Gen. McCook at Albany the following 
April I looked as well as ever. 

Sundays we used to teach the negroes to read, they had 
Methodist hymn books and the Bible for books. The " preach- 
ers " were most anxious to learn to read " coz" they said "we 
has all dese pore souls on our hans an' we's 'sponsible for 'em." 
One preacher, the leading hog stealer, couldn't stop to learn the 
letters, he must learn quicker. So I used to point out the 
words of a certain chapter in Revelation till he knew all the 
words whenever he saw them but he didn't know a letter. 
Then he would try another chapter till he came to a word he 
had not learned. I would tell him what it was, and so on. 
Others were anxious to begin with the letters and learn "de 
whole ting." Their singing was very good. I used to try to 
prepare them for their freedom by telling them how they would 
have to be saving and prudent with their earnings and not drink 
whiskey. 

When I was about ten years old I read " Uncle Tom's Cabin " 
" Inside of Slavery," " Carry Moore," and some other works 
exposing the barbarity of the slavery days. It did not seem 
possible for such tales to be true, but being with the slaves who 
were then serving their masters and hearing them speak of the 
time Mars Culbreath " wipped ole Pomp to deff" and other 
such incidents soon convinced me that Mrs. Stowe did not 
color her story of " Uncle Tom " any too black. I heard the 
negroes speak one day of the time " when ole Aunty Jane's 
baby was killed." I inquired about it and they told me of a 
very smart boy that was too young to work in the field but 
could trap birds. " He was a orful cruel buoy;" used to tor- 
ture the birds to death in difi'erent ways. As he grew older the 



PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE. 331 

driver used to make him take care of the field women's babies ; 
they would be carried to the field and all left together under a 
tree where they would have a fire to cook their dinners. One 
day old Aunty heard her baby scream and broke away from the 
field work and ran to see what was the matter. She arrived to 
see this boy put a shovel of hot embers into the child's face, 
eyes and mouth. She went at the boy with a wild yell ; he ran 
away and she caught the child up but it was too late to save it. 
It died sometime in the night in horrible agony. The boy 
laughed about it. He had to be sold and sent away or the infu- 
riated mother would surely have killed him. So much for the 
result of the " Divine Institution." I heard many such stories 
of barbarity but this is enough. According to the negroes' 
stories and the subsequent Ku Klux atrocities it seems that the 
white people were about as barbarous as it is possible for 
humans to be, and their savage cruelty was of every day occur- 
rence and caused no great excitement, it was so common. 

One night while we were in a swamp called the " Colawakee " 
one of our colored friends came to us and said : " Dey say dis 
yere Confederacy is done bust up 'n' ole Mis' has had all de 
bacon 'n' all de corn hauled out in de woods 'n' hid, 'n' dey say 
de Yankees'll be here right off." We doubted it but thought 
something had happened. We were staying with a runaway 
slave who had been " runaway " about two years. He said his 
father was an Indian. His hair stood out straight from his head 
about eight inches, and he was a wild looking specimen of 
humanity. He and I went out that night after a pig and he 
said there was corn under a persimon tree in a four hundred 
acre field called the old ocean. We went to the tree and found 
corn as he said all scattered around. Then I realized that our 
time in prisons or swamps was about over. We took corn and 
caught our porker and went into camp. My comrade Saylor 
and I held a consultation right off and decided to go to Albany 
and find out what was up. We started the next night and 
arrived at the Pace plantation within two or three miles of the' 
city. We camped in a swamp in the back lots during the fol- 



332 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

lowing day, and at night went in to the city, found the Yankees 
were there, and reported to Gen. McCook. I can not describe 
the thrill I experienced when I saw the old flag and a sentinel 
in blue on duty for the first time. We were happy. The 
Rebellion was crushed. Our homes were almost in sight. We 
stayed with some loyal white people Saylor had become 
acquainted with when he escaped ; had a good time talking 
with the general's staff officers about the wind-up of the war. 
Then we went to Macon ; Saylor found some friends in a Penn- 
sylvania regiment and left me. I soon got transportation North 
and started for home. 



Reunions of the Regiments from Maine. 

Never during the War of the Rebellion were the Maine regi- 
ments ever paraded together, neither did they meet on the same 
field ; nor since that memorable struggle have they ever met 
together as regimental associations except once at Portland in 
1876, though again at Portland, during the G. A. R. Encamp- 
ment of 1885, the Eastern Promenade was white with the tents 
of the survivors of the war; but such survivors assembled as 
G. A. R. Posts and not as representatives of the army organi- 
zations. 

It may happen that never, or until the survivors of each reg- 
iment shall have been reduced to a mere fragment, will the 
veterans of Maine assemble at one place and at one time. One 
other truth should be stated, that at the annual reunions of the 
various regiments from Maine, all of which are most happy and 
entirely enjoyable, most of the survivors are unable to attend on 
account of business and work, or from the disabilities of their 
service in the field or from financial considerations. Now to 
obviate these hardships and to provide a field where all the men 
of Maine who participated in that great struggle can in spirit 
assemble and enjoy what was said and enacted at each of the 
various reunions, the pages of the Maine Bugle will present as 



REUNION OF THE FIRST MAINE CAVAIRY. 333 

full accounts as could be obtained from all the regimental and 
other organizations who assembled in reunion during the year 
1894. It is hoped that this endeavor to preserve the records of 
such meetings, and to make the joy of those who were able to 
attend the enjoyment of all who may read these accounts, will 
meet a suitable response from all the old comrades in arms. 
Finally the stragetic point to which all the gatherings of these 
regimental reunions tend, is the securing of a full and accurate 
compilation of the life and service of each regiment which went 
forth to war from the good old State of Maine. Will you give 
both your financial aid and literary endeavor to secure this most 
desirable object? 



1 wenty-third Reunion of the First Maine Cavalry 

AT SKOWHEGAN, AUGUST QTH, 1 894. 

The day was by no means an ideal one for a reunion of vet- 
erans. It was decidedly moist — wet — but veterans of the First 
Maine Cavalry do not mind the wet. They enjoy meeting com- 
rades, grasping their hands and recounting the incidents and 
scenes through which they passed in the eventful days of 1 861-5 
which tested the patriotism and endurance of the people of 
this great country. 

General J. P. Cilley and four others arrived Wednesday even- 
ing, and a dozen or more on the 7 A. M. train, Thursday morn- 
ing, but the greater number arrived on the 10.38 A. M. train, 
Thursday, and members residing in surrounding towns arrived 
by private conveyance or by stage during the early part of the 
day notwithstanding the heavy rain of the morning. Head- 
quarters were established at Hotel Heselton and the business 
meeting of the association was held there at 1 1 o'clock A. M. 
The officers were: Geo. E. Goodwin, Skowhegan, president; 
Albert Edgecomb, Boston, vice president; C. A. F. Emery, 
Boston, secretary ; Orin S. Haskell, Pittsfield, corresponding 
secretary; J. P. Cilley, Rockland, treasurer. The session was 



334 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

a short one presided over by Dr. S. A. Patten, by request of 
President George E. Goodwin, who was busy with the local 
committee in looking out for arrivals and providing for their 
comfort while there. C. A. F. Emery of Boston, the secretary 
of the association, not being present Capt. O. S. Haskell of 
Pittsfield, the corresponding secretary, officiated in his stead. 
Gen. J. P. Cilley who had been treasurer of the association for 
many years reported and his report was accepted. A committee 
raised at the last annual meeting, consisting of Sidney W. Thax- 
ter, C. W. Skillings and Charles F. Dam, reported that they had 
made arrangements with Gen. J. P. Cilley whereby he takes the 
property and accounts of the Regimental History and the BuGLE 
and assumes therefor the balance of Habilities of the association 
on their account. This report was unanimously accepted. 
Comrades Monson, Tobie, Savage, Cilley, Drinkwater and Tilton 
were chosen a committee to name to the association a place of 
meeting for 1895. This committee reported invitations received 
from Augusta, Castine and Newport, and the association voted 
in favor of holding the reunion at Camp Benson, Newport, Me. 
A committee consisting of Col. S. H. Allen for the field and 
staff and one from each company was raised to nominate officers 
for the ensuing year. This committee subsequently reported, 
for president, Orin S. Haskell, Pittsfield ; vice president, Henry 
F. Tilton, Newport; secretary, Milton F. Ricker, Auburn; 
treasurer, Charles F. Dam, Portland ; corresponding secretary, 
O. S. Haskell, Pittsfield. These gentlemen were unanimously 
elected in accordance with the report. 

On motion of M. F. Ricker, eloquently seconded by Col. 
Drinkwater, the hearty thanks of the association were unani- 
mously voted to Gen. Cilley, the retiring treasurer, for the faith- 
ful and efficient manner in which he performed the duties of 
that office during his long service. A vote of thanks was also 
tendered the other retiring officers, after which the business 
meeting dissolved and the members gathered in groups tn the 
hotel offices, upon the hotel piazzas or strolled or rode about 
town, enjoying themselves as only veterans can. 



REUNION OF THE FIRST MAINE CAVALRY. 335 

The banquet in Hotel Heselton in the evening, tendered to 
the association by the Somerset County organization of the 
First Cavalry, was an occasion of rare enjoyment. Tables had 
been laid for one hundred and fifty visitors and citizens but it 
was found that one hundred and seventy-five tickets had been 
disposed of, which necessitated re-arranging tables, causing 
unavoidable delay so that it was nearly ten o'clock before the 
large company filed into the artistically arranged and decorated 
dining hall of " Mine Host" Heselton. 

President Goodwin called the guests to order and after Divine 
blessing was invoked by Comrade G. W. Nash, Chaplain of 
Russell Post, G. A. R., two hours were devoted to discussion of 
the following : 

MENU. 

Mock Bisque Soup 

Fried Brook Trout 

Lettuce Celery Olives Cucumbers 

Transparent Fritters — Suet Sauce Compote of Rice with Cherries 

Young Turkey with Dressing 

String Beans Mashed Potatoes 

Celery Salad 

Blanc Mange and Cream 

Vanilla Ice Cream 

Sliced Pineapple 

Fruit Nuts Dates Figs 

Assorted Cake 

Cantelope Watermelon 

Bent's Water Crackers 

Coffee 

During the repast and earlier in the evening Kendall's orches- 
tra at intervals discoursed sweet music, and Miss Agnes Safford 
sang the patriotic song " Glory, Glory Hallelujah " and, in 
response to a vigorous encore, sang " Marching Through 
Georgia," the "boys" coming in on the chorus with old-time 
fervor. Mrs. W. H. Emery accompanied the singing on the 
piano. 

After the menu had been satisfactorily discussed, Dr. S, A. 
Patten, for the local branch and the citizens of Skowhegan, 
greeted his visiting comrades and their wives and daughters with 
warm words of welcome and patriotic remarks. 



336 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

George B. Safford of the Eleventh Maine Infantry Association 
was detailed by President Goodwin as toastmaster and officiated 
as such gracefully with well chosen words. 

Gen. J. P. Cilley responded to the sentiment " The First Maine 
Cavalry" with his usual pleasing earnestness. The First Maine, 
he said, lost more men during the war than any other cavalry 
regiment in the service and was in more fights than any other 
regiment. The love of members of the association was strong. 
They have expended $5,500 in the publication of the regimental 
history and were proud of that history. No other regiment has 
its history so grandly written. The annual reunions are of 
great interest and enjoyment. 

Charles W. Skillings of Company F entertained the audience 
in a disquisition upon the " Grand Army Button " and its sig- 
nificance. John A. Logan said, "one button for all, regardless of 
position or rank." 

Hon. C. A. Marston of Skowhegan responded ably to the 
" Sons of Maine as Soldiers and Civilians." He knew, he said, 
nothing by actual experience of Sons of Maine as soldiers but 
their record is made up and it is a bright one. He spoke of 
meeting three thousand sons and daughters of Maine in one 
grand meeting in California at the annual meeting of the Maine 
association, and alluded to Maine's crop of brainy men. 

A. C. Drinkwater of Braintree, Mass., graphically related an 
incident in the military career of Gen. B. F. Butler, indicating 
his methods of punishing traitors and his later efforts, while a 
congressman, to alleviate the effect of that punishment upon 
the wife and children of the traitor executed in the interest of 
law and order in New Orleans. 

Letters of regret were read from Governor Cleaves, Senators 
Hale and Frye, Congressman Milliken, Gen. C. H. Smith of 
Eastport, Major H. C. Hall of Chelsea, Mass. These let- 
ters were filled with patriotic sentiments, appreciative of the 
work of the veteran soldier and of the First Maine Cavalry. 

At the close of the banquet M. F. Ricker moved a vote of 
thanks to the local branch of the cavalry association and to cit- 



REUNION OF THE FIRST MAINE CAVALRY. 337 

izens of Skowhegan for their very effective efforts for the good 
of the association while there. This motion was seconded by 
Gen. Cilley and enthusiastically passed. Thus closed an occa- 
sion which appeared to be much enjoyed by the veterans. 
Their entertainment certainly was an event attended with satis- 
faction to the people. 

Names of members of the First Maine Cavalry Association 
present during the reunion, with residences, follow, viz. : 

Col. S. H. Allen, Thomaston; Thara S. Adams, Solon; Lewis Anderson, Skowhegan 
(honorary); Perry Arnold, Bangor; A. F. Bickford, Skowhegan; M. M. Branch, 
Waterville; Plummer H. Butler, Norridgewock; Capt. J. P. Carson, Mt. Vernon; 
Gen. J. P. Cilley, Rockland; A. H. Clement, Waterville; William W, Cole, Fairfield; 
L. Copeland, Corinna; M. B. Cook, Friendship; Capt. L. H. Daggett, Boston, Mass.; 
Chas. F. Dam, Portland; R. M. Daniels, Pittsfield; A. C. Drinkwater, Braintree, 
Mass.; Albert Edgecomb, Boston, Mass.; N. S. Emery, Waterville; John Emery, Jr., 
Hampden; Frank B. Foss, Harmony; Volney H. Foss, Bangor; Chas. H. Foster, 
Canaan; Daniel M. Foster, Canaan; D. W Gage, Cambridge, Mass.; Geo. W. 
Gatchell, Brewer; Elijah Gay, Ctr. Montville; Charles B. Gilman, Solon; L. Good- 
win, Skowhegan; George E.Goodwin, Skowhegan; G.N.Harris, Melrose, Mass. ; 
John E. Hart, Burnham; Ira B. Harvey, Lewiston; Lieut. Orin S. Haskell, Pittsfield; 
S. C. Hastings, Sidney; Albert H. Higgins, Readfield; S. A. Holway, Solon; E. B. 
Humphrey, Canaan; Sylvanus Judkins, Athens; A. J. Kimball, Hermon; Seth 
Knight, So. Waterboro; Caleb N. Lang, Portland; Silas Leach, N. Castine; Frank 
Lewis, Orono; A. O. Libby, Waterville; Frank B. Lowe, Waterville; L. Manson, 
Houlton; Chas. H. Miller, Lincoln; B. C. Mosher, Mercer; Dennis Murphy, Skow 
began; S. B. Newbegin, Oldtown; Chas. F. Nichols, Augusta; Asst. Surgeon A. M. 
Parker, M. D., Deering; Asst. Surg. S. A. Patten, M. D., Skowhegan; Alfred Pierce> 
Arlington, Mass.; A. A. Richardson, E. Vassalboro; S. R. Richards, Belfast; Milton 
T. Ricker, Auburn; F. J. Savage, Fairfield; G. A. Savage, F"airfield; Chas. W. Skil- 
ings, Portland; Sewell W. Smith, Skowhegan; Asa M. .Stevens, Fxeter; C.O.Stone, 
Boston; Leonard Stone, Monson; Geo. B. Safford, Skowhegan (honorary); C. A. 
Thoms, Augusta; Henry F. Tilton, Newport; Leroy H, Tobie, Portland; H. J. Var- 
ney, Skowhegan; Capt. Zenas Vaughan, Skowhegan; Converse L. Webb, Skowhegan; 
Lieut. John R. Webb, Skowhegan; Chas. H. Whitney, Mercer; Fred A, Wilson, 
Augusta; J. H. Wyman, Skowhegan. 

The wives and daughters of members who were present were : 

Mrs. Elijah Gay, Center Montville, Me.; Mrs. Frank Lowe, Waterville; Mrs. N. S. 
Emery, Waterville; Mrs. O. S. Haskell, Pittsfield; Mrs. L. Monson, Houlton; Mrs. 
J. C. Edwards, Chelsea, Mass.; Mrs. P. H. Butler, So. Norridgewock; Miss Edith 
Savage, Fairfield; Mrs. John E. Hart, Burnham; Miss Winnifred Foss, Bangor; Miss 
Gertrude Foss, Bangor; Mrs. A. F. Lewis, Orono; Mrs, A, O. Libby, Waterville; 
Mrs. V. H. Foss, Bangor; Mrs. T. Foss, Harmony; Mrs. A. H. Clement, Waterville; 



338 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Mrs. E. B. Humphrey, Canaan; Mrs. F. A. Wilson, Augusta; Mrs. Llewellyn Cope- 
land, Corinna; Mrs. Richard M. Daniels, Pittsfield; Mrs. A. C. Drinkwater, Braintree, 
Mass.; Mrs. C. N. Lang, Portland; Mrs. C. B. Oilman, Bingham; Miss Lizzie F. Gil- 
man, Bingham; Miss Marguerite Libby, Melrose, Mass.; Mrs. Llewellyn Goodwin, 
Mrs. A. F. Bickford, Mrs. Zenas Vaughan, Mrs. M. J. Allen, Mrs. John R. Wel)b, Mrs- 
Sewall Smith, Mrs. C. L. Webb, Mrs. James Ilerrin, Mrs. Geo. E. Goodwin, Mrs. J. 
H. Wyman, Misses Gertrude Goodwin, Lillian Smith and Bessie Allen, all of 
Skowhegan. 

About fifty of the Skowhegan ladies and gentlemen, aside 
from those enumerated above, and among whom were a number 
of veterans of other Maine regiments, participated in the ban- 
quet and greatly enjoyed the occasion. 

The following comrades answered on reply postal cards and 
expressed their inability to attend: John Ames, Searsport; 
Hosea P. Bump, Farmington ; R. R. Bangs, Wescott, Neb. ; 
Major G. M. Brown, Bangor, writes: " Expect to leave last of 
August for a voyage to the Azores for my health, sail from Bos- 
ton. Wish I could see the boys every year, but I am in rather 
poor shape to go about." Henry S. Barker, Oak Hill, Fla., 
writes : " Nothing would please me more than to attend the 
reunion of the First Maine Cavalry and see some of the boys I 
love so well." G. W. Bryant, West Paris, writes : " It would 
give me great pleasure to meet the comrades at your place on 
the Twenty-third Annual Reunion did I have the health and 
means to enable me to do so." Levi G. Brown, Farmington ; 
A. J. Burbank, Chicago, 111., writes: " I have never forgotten 
a remark to me of President Lincoln in October, 1864, ' Honor 
enough to any man to have belonged to the First Maine Cav- 
alry.' " S. M. Clark, Masardis, writes: "Let my dream be the 
answer. Last night I was with you and I saw your old faces in 
dreamland again. There was Thaxter and Estes, Beede and 
Burrill and others, as natural as ever. I saw them again at our 
picket fire out on the old Rappahannock." J. L. Colcord, Boston, 
Mass.; E. A. Clifford, Bangor; E. H. Colman, Searsport; M. 
G. Chapman, Gallon, Ohio, writes: " I would have the pleasure 
of meeting many comrades that I have not seen in a long time 
but I am superintendent of Gallon Water Works Company and 



REUNION OF THE FIRST MAINE CAVALRY. 339 

my services are very much needed here at present." Cyrus 
Case, Malvern, Kan., writes: "As I can not be with you in the 
body I certainly shall be in spirit — in the loyal spirit of '6i-'65. 
Wishing^ you a royal good time, as I know you will have, I 
shall await anxiously the report in the BuGLE." E. F. Cornell, 
Port Alleghany, Pa., writes: " Nothing would give me greater 
pleasure than to meet my comrades in arms, as I never have 
been able to meet them since '65." Isaac Chamberlain, Plain- 
view, Neb., writes : " I want to see the old regiment once more ; 
it would be the greatest treat I could have. I think of them 
often and wish I could meet with them." J. F. Drake, Topcka, 
Kan., writes: " Nothing would afford me greater pleasure than 
to meet with the boys of the old First Maine on my forty-ninth 
birthday, I have long looked forward to the time when I could 
be in Maine at time of reunion. May the day be one of glad 
reunion, and the last song ' When the roll is called up yonder, 
ril be there.' " William H. Daniels, Exeter Mills, writes: " I 
have lost the use of my right hand and arm and am not able to 
ride so far." E. A. Doe, Bridgeton, writes: "Nothing would 
give me greater pleasure than to be with you at the reunion of 
the old regiment but the distance and the state of my health 
forbid." J. C. Decker, North Waterford ; Fred S. Dawes, 
Hudson, Mass. ; William Elliot, Indianapolis, Ind., writes : " I 
was sorry you did not send me notice of the reunion by the first 
of last month ; I might have made arrangements to have met 
yuu and my old comrades, God bless them, but my partner has 
gone to California so I cannot leave. Give my best wishes to 
those brave companions of my youth. God bless you all." E. 
M. Esterbrooke, Elizabeth, N. J. ; Edwin T. Edgecomb, Kezar 
Falls; T. S. Esterbrooke, Houlton ; J. D. Eaton, Wells, writes: 
" Best wishes for a grand reunion ; my love to all ; hope we 
may all meet next year." C. A. F. Emery, Boston, Mass., 
writes: "Hope you will have a glorious reunion, as I know 
the boys in Skowhegan can make it so." M. W. Farr, Lewis- 
ton, writes: "I am a letter-carrier and can not get away." 
Wellington Frost, Pembroke; C. H. Fergusen, Boston, Mass.; 



340 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Albert P. Friend, Brooksville ; E. C. Fuller, North Livermore ; 
Arad E. Gilbert, Leeds; S. E. Griffin, West Pembroke; S. Gar- 
vin, Mapleton, Minn., writes: "Nothing would give me more 
pleasure, but this is a very busy time, therefore I shall have to 
decline. I sincerely hope you will have a good time." Orrin L. 
Garrett, Carmel ; W. W. Gilbert, Vassalboro ; Harrison Goding, 
Newport, Vt. ; William H. Harriman, Brockton, Mass. ; J. A. 
Hutchins, Eustes, Fla., writes: " Would like very much to see 
all the boys." G. E. Hunton, Abilene, Kan. ; Hanson Hutch- 
ings, Etna; James W. Harriman, Neceedah, Wis., writes: "God 
bless you all ; I hope you will have a good time. Remember 
me to the dear old boys of Company E." Frank G. Haynes, 
New Haven, Conn., writes : " I long to meet the old boys espe- 
cially B Company of '6i and '62, but am obliged to wait for 
more energetic time in the industrial world." James F. How- 
ard, Hallowell, writes: " No one would enjoy meeting the com- 
rades more than myself but sickness prevents." S. B. Jones, 
West Auburn ; D. W. Lowell, Astabula, Lake Co., Fla. ; Lyman 
P. Leighton, 5 Bloomfield street, Lynn, Mass. ; Mrs. A. E. Lit- 
tlefield of East Brownfield, writes: "My husband, Jonathan 
Littlefield, died September i6th, 1891, after years of suffering 
from injuries received in the service, but never regretting that 
he answered his country's call, and always proud that he was a 
member of the First Maine Cavalry. He always held the mem- 
ory of his comrades with the warmest emotions of respect and 
affection. Is there a regimental association of which I, as a 
comrade's widow, can become a member?" 

S. C. Lovejoy, Washington, D. C. ; H. H. Lowell. Pcnfield, 
Pa., writes : "I hope to see many of your dear faces at the next 
encampment at Pittsburg next month. Should any of you 
come on the Alleghany Valley Railroad don't forget to drop off 
at Penfield ; my latch string hangs out for you." Henry Little, 
Dearborn Sta., Chicago, 111., writes: "Though absent in the 
body I shall be with you in spirit. I hope when another year 
rolls around and I am alive and well to meet with the comrades 
of the dear old regiment. I regret very much missing this 



REUNION- OF THE FIRST MAINE CAVALRY. 341 

reunion for it's been my misfortune not to be able to be with 
them at former reunions held in Skowhegan. I desire very- 
much to participate in your hospitality, for we all know Skow- 
hegan ' takes the cake.' Kindly remember me to all the ' old 
boys.' The date reminds me of thirty-two years ago, our 
maiden battle with the whole regiment." A. Lord, Jr., Williams- 
port, Pa., writes: " Hope you will have a large attendance 
and the boys will have a glorious good time." J. S. Mansur, 
Houlton, writes: "My best wishes to each and every one." 
Charles H. Marston, Portland ; A. D. McGuire, Freland, Mich., 
writes: "You can hardly imagine what pleasure it would give 
me to be with you and the boys on the twenty-third, as I have 
not seen one of them since 1866, but it is not possible for me 
to go, so please accept my sincere regrets. I belong to the 
Stephen Munger Post of Freland and our relief corps presented 
us with a splendid flag last evening. There are but a very few 
of us old soldiers here but we are comrades in every sense of 
the word." George J. Northrop, Marquette, Mich.; Robert 
Nutter, Port Caledonia, C. B. Canada, writes: "I assure you if 
I am absent in person I shall be there in heart. William A. 
Osborn, Mt. Pleasant, Mich., writes: " It has been twenty-three 
years since I saw a man that belonged to the First Maine Cav- 
alry but I am glad to know that the boys get together." George 
E. Perkins, Parsonsfield, writes : " I would be very much pleased 
to be with the 'old boys' and shall remember them that day." 
John M. Perkins, editor Grand Army Record, 31 Cornhill, Bos- 
ton, Mass., writes: " I am exceedingly busy. I have never yet 
attended a reunion in Maine." A. B. Pater.son, Dexter; J. B. 
Perry, Northampton, Mass. ; George Prince, Boston, Mass., 
writes : " My spirit and kind wishes will be with you all the day 
long and at your banquet in the evening, and listen to all the 
bright words and kind sentiments that will be spoken there." 
Almon N. Ricker, Belleville, New Jersey; George S. Royal, 
Freeport; A. P. Rogers, M. D., Canon City, Col., writes: 
" Although many years have passed since then my heart has 
remains true to the old flag for which we then fought. During 



342 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

the late demonstration of anarchy had the call been made I 
would gladly have marched again to the tune of the fife and 
drum. Please let the boys of Company E know that I am still 
above ground and although I am away out here in this land of 
sage brush and cactus yet in spirit I shall be with them on this 
occasion." Isaiah O. Richardson, West Ellsworth; J. W. Rus- 
sell, St. John, N. B. ; S. K. Stetson, Houlton. 

S. C. Smith, Winfield, Kan., writes: "Nothing would afford 
me more pleasure than to meet ' the boys ' once more, but I am 
too far away to do so now. In these times of faltering patriot- 
ism in high places it is well for those who defended the nation's 
life and honor in times of peril to stand by each other now, 
determined that what we saved shall not now be lost." T. J. San- 
ford, Marlboro, Mass., writes : " I should enjoy it right royally. 
Remember me to the boys." Theodore M. Southard, Vassal- 
boro ; F. E. Saunders, Lowell, Mass. ; Luther Tibbetts, New- 
field, writes : " It would give me pleasure to meet with the old 
' boys ' of the grand old regiment once more. My thoughts 
and good wishes will be with you but myself must be at home." 
John F. Tolman, Six Mile Falls; J. P. Thompson, Duluth, 
Minn.; Cyrus W. Twitchell, So. Paris; Major S. W. Thaxter, 
Portland ; Francis L. Town, East Dover ; Francis E. Towle, 
6 Lincoln Square, Worcester, Mass. ; C. E. York, The Forks ; 
W. A. Vinal, West Upton, Mass. ; J. B. Welch, Rockwood, 
Tenn. ; L. W. Wheeler, Paw Paw, 111., writes: " I can not grasp 
the hand and recall the stirring days of '62 once more with the 
• boys ' of the old First Maine Regiment but remember I am 
with you in spirit." T. M. Williams, Milltown, N. B. ; Richard 
Webb, Brunswick; Capt. T. C. Webber, Boston, Mass.; J. M. 
Warren, Northampton, Mass., writes : " The nearest I can come 
to attending is to have my son, who is visiting his uncle Charles 
G. Tilton of your town, try to make the acquaintance of the 
old regiment. He is but six years old but he will be glad to 
see men who were comrades of his ' papa ' in the war of '61." 
D. J. Wells. Greenville; R. E. Whiteley, Bradford, Pa. 



THE SECOND MAINE CAVALRY REUNION. 343 



The Second Maine Cavalry Reunion. 

SOME OF THE BOYS WHO WERE PRESENT AT ROLL CALL. 

Wednesday, September nineteenth, the Second Maine Cavalry- 
Association held its annual reunion at G. A. R. hall, Gardiner. 
About one hundred and fifty survivors of those who went to 
the front during the winter of '63 and '64 were present. Among 
them Charles E. Wilson, attorney for the Central Pacific Rail- 
road, San Francisco, Cal. ; Henry D. Moore and wife, Philadel- 
phia ; S. C. Small, furniture manufacturer in Boston; G. F. 
Tyler and wife, G. R. Smith, register of deeds, and wife, of 
Augusta ; Capt. C. S. Paine, New Sharon. Among the enlist- 
ments from Gardiner and Pittston, who served with the regiment, 
were John Edgecomb, M. S. Hutchinson, C. O. Knox, Frank 
Gilbert, Joseph M. Fuller, Arthur B. Andrews, Daniel Black, 
Calvin Brown, Gideon Bowley, Reuel M. Dunlap, Thomas Doug- 
lass, J. H. Goodwin, F. E. Gowell, Rutus C. Geary, Chas. E. 
Hutchinson, David Haines, Loring Mariner, J. H. Morang, John 
F. Merrill, Amasa Meader, Luther Oliver, W. S. Peacock, W. 
E. Stackpole, T. A. Brann, Ellis W. Ayer, S. W. Dana, G. W. 
Cross, J. C. Dill, J. R. Dill, Augustus Dudley, Charles F. Gray, 
Charles F. Lawrence, B. A. Newell, C. D. Meader, A. L. Meader, 
Edward Peacock, Eugene Smith, Emerson Turner, Chester 
Whitney, Thomas B. Whitney and James S. Jeck. The local 
committee was composed of G. W. Cross, J. S. Jeck and Reuel 
Dunlap. The hall was decorated with numerous flags, and over 
the entrance was the word "Welcome." The meeting was 
called to order by S. C. Small of Boston, president of the asso- 
ciation, who, in a few short and pleasing remarks, introduced 
Mayor Clason, who extended a warm greeting and welcomed 
the comrades to the city, to which President Small responded 
in an appropriate manner. The first business was the election 
of officers, which resulted as follows : S. C. Small, Boston, 



344 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

president; Henry D. Moore, Philadelphia, first vice president; 
S. J. Crockett, Winterport, second vice president; Charles E. 
Wilson, San Francisco, third vice president; L. R. Litchfield, 
Litchfield, fourth vice president; G. R. Smith, Augusta, secre- 
tary and treasurer, A very harmonious meeting followed. 
Hon. O. B. Clason of Gardiner was made an honorary member 
of the association. It was voted to hold the next reunion at 
Camp Benson, Newport, after which the meeting adjourned for 
dinner. 

At 1.30 P. M. a large number of the members went to the 
National Home at Togus. At 6.30 r. M. the members of the 
association and invited guests sat down at the banquet in G. A. 
R. Hall. An hour later President Small called the crowded 
assemblage to order. Letters of regret were read from Gen. 
Spurling, Elgin, 111. ; Comrade Moses D. Freeman, Utah ; Lieut. 
Gillespie, Boston, and Comrade A. J. Woodman, Maryland. 

President Small, in a neat little speech, introduced Capt. 
French of Solon, who was followed by Hon. O. B. Clason of 
Gardiner, and Comrade Daniel W. Robinson. An original poem, 
entitled, " Memories of the War," by Comrade Henry D. Moore 
of Philadelphia, was followed by a neat little speech. He was 
followed by Major J. W. Berry of Gardiner. Sergeant Billings 
then called the roll of Company B, and only five answered to 
their names. 

The vote to hold the next reunion at Newport was rescinded 
and it was voted to hold the reunion of the association at Lew- 
iston at the time of the State Fair. Short addresses were made 
by Rev. E. B. Barber of Gardiner, Comrade C. S. Wilson, San 
Francisco, Cal., and Hon. J. M. Larrabee. At the close all sung 
" Auld Lang Syne." A vote of thanks was extended to Heath 
Post. 

At this reunion the strength of the affection and interest of 
those who stood shoulder to shoulder in the days of the 
rebellion have for each other was fully illustrated. Think of a 
man traveling from San Francisco to far off Maine to meet the 
surviving comrades who were near and dear to him thirty years 



iSbs—SEPTEMBER ig—i8g4. 345 

ago. Yet this is what Charles E. Wilson, a prominent lawyer 
of San Francisco, did, and he said he was amply repaid. 

It was quite a notable gathering: H. D. Moore of Philadel- 
phia, whose business interests represent over $3,000,000; S. C. 
Small of Boston, manufacturer and dealer in church and lodge 
room furniture ; Geo. F. Tyler, another prominent furniture 
manufacturer of Cambridge, Mass. ; Capt. Moses French, one 
of Maine's most successful farmers, tilling about six hundred 
acres, and others of equal note. And do you know, those men 
were just as glad, apparently, to meet the writer, who is rich 
only in memories of the past, as they were to meet those who 
are wealthy in this world's goods. 



1863 — September 19 — 1894. 

BY JULIA S. WARDEN. 

The following beautiful poem was read at the reunion of the 
Second Maine Cavalry, at Gardiner : 

Comrades, list to the music ringing, 

An echo from the voice of Time, 
Call back the days of sixty-three, 

But excuse my halting rhyme. 
Strong the memories throng upon us, 

As the years come back agam, 
Crowded full of wide experience, 

Some of joy and some of pain. 
Afar in the misty distance, 

Like a mirage from the sea, 
Come scenes that glow and fade. 

Come the days of sixty-three. 
'Tis thirty years, my comrades, 

Since the note of War's alarm, 
Roused every patriot soldier. 

To raise his strong right arm. 
To defend our blessed Country, 

To keep Old Glory and her Stars, 
To crush the great Rebellion, 

To do battle under Mars — 



346 I'H^ MAINE BUGLE. 

For war with wild confusion, 

Prevailed on every hand, 
And Cavalry and Infantry 

Were mustering through the land. 
We draw the veil of Memory 

O'er the wrecks of war to-day, 
For thrilled with recollections, 

We haven't a word to say. 
The changes that Time has brought us. 

The joys, the sorrows, as well. 
We've gathered to-day to share them. 

Under Memory's magic spell. 
Hand in hand, once more united, 

Comrades of sLxty-three, 
Friendship's vow anew is plighted. 

As we think of our Country, free — 
Sing it high, sing it loud. 

Sing it out very strong — 
Hurrah ! hurrah ! a three times three, 

A chorus of glad song ! 
The cheering changes to sighing. 

Our hearts grow tender then. 
The tented field, the bivouac lone, 

Our brave true-hearted men ! 
Of the boys in blue who went to the war, 

To fight for liberty, 
Some gave their lives to overthrow 

The cause of Slavery. 
We can live in blest communion 

With our loved ones at our will. 
We can listen for their voices. 

And believe them with us still. 
Now Peace with folded pinion. 

Broods over the land and sea. 
And 'neath her wings, we cherish 

Our glorious Country, free ! 
Hopes, fears, ambitions, all are laid aside, 

And in this quiet hour, 
'Neath the sweet influence of this day, 

Faith blossoms into flower — 
And the years pass like cloud shadows. 

That float o'er the mountain glen. 
And we part, with a pledge, God willing. 

Sometime to meet again. 



FOURTH INFANTRY AND SECOND BATTERY. 347 



Fourth Maine Infantry and Second Maine Battery 

AT THEIR REUNION IN ROCKLAND. 

The annual reunion of the Fourth Maine Regiment and 
Second Maine Battery Association took place in Rockland, Sep- 
tember eighteenth. Since the war the members of this associ- 
ation have become somewhat widely scattered, some living even 
beyond the borders of the State. 

The members of Edwin Libby Post, G. A. R., were early at 
their hall which was thrown open to the members of the asso- 
ciation. An excursion to Crescent Beach having been laid 
down as a part of the program, the members of the post under 
the lead of Commander William H. Simmons met such of the 
visiting comrades as came by rail on the arrival of the morning 
train and together proceeded in an informal manner to Tillson's 
wharf where they took the steamer Silver Star for the beach. 
The hour of departure was 11.30. The fog was thick, but the 
steamer made good time and landed her passengers about noon. 
Covers had been laid by Fred Smith for one hundred and fifty, 
and every seat was occupied. It goes without saying that the 
dinner was a good one and was greatly enjoyed by the guests, 
especially by those from the interior, who seldom get a chance 
at a regular shore dinner. 

After dinner as many as wished partook of an old fashioned 
clam bake on the pebbled beach. The bake, however, didn't 
suffer much, as nearly all present had fully satisfied themselves 
at the tables. The majority enjoyed a good stroll and an after- 
dinner cigar a great deal better. ♦ 

This over, a business meeting of the association was held in 
the pavilion. Gen. Davis Tillson presided, and E. G. F. Ingra- 
ham of West Rockport was chosen secretary. By suggestion 
of the chairman, Robert Anderson, secretary for last year, read 
the records of the last meeting, which was in Atlantic hall, 



348 



THE MAINE BUGLE. 




Hurricane, on September i6th, 
1893. The election of officers 
for the ensuing year was next 
in order, and the following is the 
list of those who were chosen : 
President, John H. Thomas of 
South Union ; vice presidents, 
Col. Elijah Walker of Somer- 
ville, Mass., for the Fourth 
Maine Regiment, and Gen. 
Davis Tillson of Rockland, for 
the Second Maine Battery. 
The temporary secretary was 
elected for the year. He is 
also treasurer. Secretaries 
were then chosen for the Sec- 
ond Maine Battery, and for 
CAPT. w. N. ULMER. gach company of the Fourth 

Maine Regiment as follows : Second Maine Battery, John Tur- 
ner; Company A, Fourth Maine, Fred D. Alders, Camden ; 
Company B, J. W. Packard, Rockland ; Company C, O. J. 
Conant, Rockland ; Company D, Edward Hall, Rockland ; Com- 
pany E, John E. Mears, Thomaston ; Company F, John O. John- 
son, Brooks ; Company G, Zela B. Young, Owl's Head ; Com- 
pany H, Jesse Drake, South Union ; Company I, Clifton Witham ; 
Company K, A. B. Chase, Belfast. Upon motion it was voted 
that the officers select the date for the next annual meeting. 

A report of the financial standing of the association was read 
and it was disclosed that Robert Anderson, the faithful secretary 
and treasurer, had expended for the association several dollars 
more than he had received. A collection was subsequently 
taken on the boat which made Mr. Anderson whole. The col- 
lection amounted to $9.25. John H. Thomas said he was 
authorized to extend an invitation to the association to hold its 
next annual meeting at Union Common. It was unanimously 
voted to accept the invitation. 



FOURTH IFANTRV AMD SECOND BATTERY. 349 

The business having been disposed of, General Tillson called 
upon Rev. W. O. Holman, who was present as the guest of the 
association, to make some remarks. Mr. Holman said that 
though taken by surprise he was glad to be present and would 
cheerfully respond. At the outbreak of the war he had just 
begun his first pastorate at Poughkeepsie on the Hudson. He 
never should forget Abraham Lincoln's passage through the 
city on his way to be inaugurated president. It was his privi- 
lege to stand near the platform of the train when Mr. Lincoln 
appeared to bow his acknowledgments to the thousands who 
had thronged about the train to extend their greeting. It was 
impossible then to anticipate the long and dreadful civil war 
that was to follow. He described the excitement awakened by 
the firing on the old Massachusetts Sixth as it forced its way 
through the streets of Baltimore, and other events of the sub- 
sequent war. From '6i to the close of the struggle in the 
spring of '65 he was pastor of a church in Ballston Spa, where 
more than half of the male members of his parish were opposed 
to the war, and where he had to fight for it in the rear as hard 
as the soldiers fought for it at the front, though perhaps with 
less danger. He facetiously alluded to the scare and flight to 
Canada of many of his parishioners on the approach of the first 
draft when several who had not liked his preaching came to him 
for letters of introduction to friends in Montreal. They returned 
after the draft but made no further opposition to his Union 
sentiments. He reminded the older ones of his coming to 
Rockland in the spring of '65, and his Lincoln Memorial Ser- 
mon, and appealed to them that he had always been in sympa- 
thy with the veterans of the war. 

Commander Simmons was next called upon. He said : " Of 
all the days of the year I look forward with anticipation to this 
the day of our annual reunion. I look forward to it with 
mingled feelings of pleasure and sadness — with feelings of pleas- 
ure at the thought of greeting once more so many of my old 
comrades, with feelings of sadness at the thought of ' faces I 
shall see no more.' I am also deeply affected as I look round 



350 



THE MAINE BUGLE. 



upon you here and note the furrows time is making .on your 
brows and as I think how soon we shall all be gone. However 
we may have differed in the past, it is time we laid aside our 
differences. The cords that bind us to each other should and 

do strengthen with each pass- 
ing year. I am glad to see so 
many of you here to-day, 
though I miss many who have 
been wont to meet with us. I 
hope to live to meet you many 
times in the near future, though 
conscious that you will be fewer 
still in number every time we 
come together. And now 
good bye till we meet again." 
It was expected that there 
would be other speakers, but 
at this point the whistle of the 
Silver Star warned all present 
that the time had come to leave, 
and the meeting adjourned. 
The campfire in the G. A. R. hall was well attended ; Col. L. 
D. Carver presided. He was glad to be present. He felt that 
some words from comrades on their army experience would be 
desirable. " We have been together in many tight places. It 
is pleasant to take each other by the hand under more favorable 
circumstances. The fraternity learned in the army is with us 
still." He called on Dr. Benj. Williams, assistant surgeon of 
the Eighth Maine, who said he didn't belong to the Fourth 
Maine or Second Maine Battery, but gave a few of his army 
experiences, especially with poor, worn, discouraged stragglers 
in the rear who were by no means cowards, but sometimes 
needed a little whiskey and oftener a word of cheer. Col. 
Carver feelingly said, " We are growing old and soon shall 
pass away, but we shall leave behind us an ocean-bound Amer- 
ican Republic without a serf or slave, with one flag and a 




COL. KLlfAH WALKER. 



FOURTH INFANTRY AND SECOND BATTERY. 



351 



great destiny, a destiny we helped to make by our sufferings 
and our sacrifices." 

Comrade Greenhaigh said he regretted his army experience 
was somewhat limited. It seemed a dream that so many were 
yet left. The memories of camp life and the field were precious 




MONUMENT TO THE FOURTH MAINE AT GETTYSBURG IN THE DEVIL'S DEN. 

to him. We are indeed growing old. Let us enjoy tnese rela- 
tions while we may, and, when we are through here may we be 
mustered together above. 

Col. Walker was greeted with applause. He had not come 
to speak, but he had been flattered by the reception he had met 
from those who had served so long and faithfully under his 



352 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

command. He had been made sad by the memory of those 
they lett to moulder on the soil of Virginia, and those who had 
passed away since, eleven from his own company, Capt. Barker 
among the rest. He was pleased that all who served under him 
were now his friends, though they may sometimes have thought 
him hard. He related several incidents in the history of the 
Fourth Maine that illustrated their unflinching courage and 
their devotion to the cause they fought for, and he recalled their 
sufferings when, barefooted, scantily clothed, poorly fed and 
often without shelter they marched weary marches, fought ter- 
rific battles, hungry, cold and often without sleep for days and 
nights together, and yet without murmuring. In over forty 
engagements the Fourth Maine never faltered, was commonly 
sent to protect the rear in retreat and always sent to the front 
in the hottest engagements. Long as he was able he should 
come to meet his old comrades. 

The monument to the Fourth Maine was designed by Colonel 
Elijah Walker and cut in Knox County granite, by the Hurri- 
cane Granite Company, under the supervision of Gen. Tillson. 
It is unique and handsome, and differs from all others in being 
five sided, with an inscription on every side. It stands in what 
has always been known as " The Devil's Den," from its rocki- 
ness and roughness, on the lowest land of the field of Gettys- 
burg. Here the Fourth Maine suffered its worst decimation. 



Knox and Lincoln Veterans. 

WARRIORS-OF-OLD ENTERTAINED IN ROCKLAND. 

The Knox and Lincoln Veteran Association held its annual 
reunion in Rockland, September nineteenth. This association 
was organized seven years ago. The membership consists 
chiefly of soldiers of the Fourth Maine Regiment and Second 
Maine Battery although it includes all veterans of the army and 
navy living within the limits of the two counties. The object 



KNOX AND LINCOLN VETERANS. 



353 



of the association is purely fraternal. The reunions have hith- 
erto been held by permission on the Nobleboro camp ground 
but last year it was deemed best to have a change and Rockland 
was selected for this year's meeting. 

The members of Edwin 
Libby Post, the Ladies' Relief 
Corps and the Sons of Veter- 
ans were invited to participate, 
Oakland was chosen by the 
committee of arrangements for 
the morning gathering and the 
clam bake. As early as nine 
o'clock the cars began to be 
crowded with passengers, but 
the great body of guests left (jj 
on extras provided by the elec- 
tric railroad company about 
half-past eleven. 

At Oakland the large dance 
hall was thrown open, with 
tables for all that the hall would accommodate well provided with 
dishes. The pavilion was also opened with tables laid in the 
dining room. Tables were also spread in the open air. While 
the bake was preparing Meservey's Quintet discoursed stirring 
music to all who chose to listen to it, and large numbers went 
strolling along the shore and over the spacious and beautiful 
grounds. About one o'clock the bake was opened and for 
about an hour, clams, green corn, lobsters, pilot bread and tea 
and coffee occupied the attention of those present. Had the 
day been pleasant the attendance would have been something 
surprising. As it was there could not have been less than one 
thousand to twelve hundred on the grounds. The service was 
largely voluntary, the gentlemen generally attending to the 
wants of the ladies. Judge Haskell, members of the Knox 
County bar and some of the clergy of the city were served in 
^he pavilion dining room. 




COL. L. D. CARVER. 



354 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

After the clam bake there was more music and an hour of 
social converse, and many were the stories told, the reminis- 
cences rehearsed and the jokes cracked, but the heavy mist and 
at length the gently falling rain caused an early breaking up of 
the company. There was, however, a business meeting of the 
association, which occupied a few minutes. Col. Carver called 
the meeting to order and the following committee on resolutions 
was appointed: S. L. Miller, Waldoboro ; J. H. H. Hewett, 
Thomaston, and Col. William H. Fogler, Rockland, to report at 
the evening camp fire. A committee on nominations to report 
at the same time was also appointed, consisting of the follow- 
lowing : S. J. Treat, Camden ; W. F. Gay, Thomaston, and A. 
L. Hilton, Waldoboro. A financial statement was made by the 
secretary and treasurer, showing a balance of cash on hand of 
$4.33. Adjourned till 6.30 P. M. 

At 6.30 there was the usual camp fire. It was held in Farwell 
opera house. Considering the weather there was a large attend- 
ance. Col. L. D. Carver presided. He called on Rev. C. W. 
Bradlee to offer prayer. He then said the association was 
deeply indebted to the citizens of Rockland for their generous 
hospitality. In their behalf he could say that it was hearty. 
" We are glad you came. Come again. You will always be 
welcome." He added a few remarks to the association which 
were really impressive and eloquent. He then introduced 
Department Commander Oilman. 

Mr. Oilman said he was glad to come to this city by the sea. 
He said a generation ago you were holding meetings under dif- 
ferent auspices. Sumter had fallen and the war was on. Then 
came the first Bull Run. It was a disaster in name only. In 
fact it was the greatest blessing that could have happened at 
that time to our country. It taught us a lesson that we needed 
to learn. Col. Carver here called upon the Rockland quartet 
fora song, which was given. The quartet consists of Mrs. F. 
R. Spear, Miss Julia Spear, Oeorge Torrey and W. F. Tibbetts. 
They were loudly applauded. 

H. R. Closson of Munroe, was the next speaker. He said 
there were those who seemed to forget the services of the boys 



KNOX AND LINCOLN VETERANS. 355 

in blue, who called them thieves, pension looters and other 
opprobrious epithets. The boys in blue were not indebted to 
the nation, the nation was indebted to them. It owed them a 
debt it would never be able to pay. In 1861 the nation was 
bankrupt. An order was issued to .pay those who volunteered 
to save it, in greenbacks, always to be as good as gold. In 1862 
gold went to $1.42, then to $1.84 and so on up, till in '64 it was 
worth $2.02. At last it took $2.85 in greenbacks to buy one 
gold dollar, and the soldiers were paid not in gold but green- 
backs, and the difference before the war was over to the soldiers 
was $2,400,000,000. The nation really owed this to the soldiers, 
or would to redeem its promise, enough to pay all reasonable 
pensions for a generation to come. It would take thirty-eight 
years to pay it. Again during the war those at home could 
earn from two dollars to six dollars a day. Those who fought 
and suffered at the front got thirteen dollars a month. The 
difference in wages, counting the number of our soldiers would 
be something enormous. That difference was really the soldier's 
due. We took the country in its throes, and in 1864 a party 
plank declared the war a failure ; while another party plank 
declared that it must be fought to a successful issue. We voted 
for the latter plank thirteen to one, and we fought it to that 
successful issue. Patriotism is above everything. Our boys 
should be taught to admire heroism, not the heroism of antiquity 
or foreign soldiers, but of Grant and Sherman, Sheridan and 
Farragut. 

Gen. Davis Tillson was next introduced. He followed the 
fortunes of the Second Maine Battery and pronounced it the 
best in his belief in the army. He first trained it to shoot with 
precision and was always proud of it. It turned the tide of 
battle at Cedar Mountain and saved our army. It was equally 
effective at Fredericksburg, at least in sharp and exact shooting, 
and agam at Gettysburg. He went into the army in command 
of one hundred and fifty men and came out in command of 
fifteen thousand, but nothing he did was ever of more value 
than his organization and training of the Second Maine Battery. 



356 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

Rev. J. H Parshley was next called upon as a man who did 
not belong to the Grand Army, but possessed a great, noble 
Grand Army heart. As well follow a whirlwind as report his 
impetuous, brainy and matchless speech. It was eloquence on 
fire. He named three classes — those who saw actual service, 
those who had youthful memories of the war, and those who 
knew it only from history. He belonged to the middle class. 
We had not yet come to an appreciation of the results of the 
civil war or even of its true significance. No man can measure 
the services of our citizen soldiery in that war to a saved repub- 
lic. Even the soldiers themselves can't measure the value of 
their services. 

Col. Elijah Walker was called upon to close. He gave a 
simple, stirring, but superb description of the awful struggles, 
the matchless bravery and the conspicuous services of the 
Fourth Maine Regiment, especially at Gettysburg. Gen. Davis 
Tillson paid a high but merited compliment to the military rec- 
ord of Col. Walker, and the seventh reunion of the Knox and 
Lincoln Veteran Association ended. 

Col. Carver made a most admirable presiding officer. Dig- 
nified without being stiff, genial and witty without frivolity, 
happy in introducing his speakers without being fulsome, and 
sensible in never obtruding himself to weariness upon the audi- 
ence. The following resolutions were passed : 

Resolved, That we, the veteran soldiers and sailors of Knox and Lincoln counties, 
reaffirm our loyalty to the principles for which we fought, and renew our devotion to 
the flag as the emblem of the union of the States of the American Republic; that 
while we revere the memory of our comrades dead, we will loyally stand up for the 
interest of our comrades living. 

Resolved, That the Knox and Lincoln Veteran Association condemns the course of 
the national government which has confined its reduction of expenditures to the depart- 
ment of the interior, thus depriving the needy and destitute survivors of the war of 
pensions to the amount of nearly ^20,000,000; that we indorse the action of the com- 
mander-in-chief and the national encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic in 
the matter of pensions. 

Resolved, That we recall with gratitude the untiring efforts of the senators and rep- 
resentatives of Maine in behalf of the soldiers of the republic and for their faithful 
and able services we tender to each of them the hearty thanks of this association. 



REUNION OF THE FIFTH MAINE INFANTRY. 357 

Resolved, That the thanks of the association are due and are heartily extended to 
Edwin Libby Post and the citizens of Rockland for their cordial reception and for the 
hospitality afforded us at this reunion. 

Resolved, That we fully appreciate the efforts of the officers of this association and 
especially the president for the past year and pledge the incoming board our cordial 
support. 



Reunion of the F'ifth Maine Infantry. 

The meeting of the association was held at their magnificent 
memorial building, Peaks' Island, Portland harbor, August 
eighth, and the following officers were elected : 

President — N. R. Lougee, Nashua, N. H. 

Vice Presidents — Capt. H. T. Bucknam, Mechanic Falls; Frank F. Goss, Auburn; 
James H. Taylor, Pleasantdale. 

Secretary and Treasurer— Capt. George E. Brown, Portland. 

Chaplain — Rev. George Bicknell, Cambridge, Mass. 

Committee of Arrangements — H. T. Bucknam, James G. Sanborn, George E. Brown, 
H. R. Millett, John C. Summersides. 

After the business meeting the members sat down to an excel- 
lent dinner at the Peaks' Island house. 

A delightful camp fire was held in the evening; Gen. Cilley, 
Col. Millett and Adjutant Bicknell spoke; Mrs. Pike, Misses 
Titcomb and Harmon gave recitations and Capt. Bucknam's 
choir rendered fine music. Mrs. Capt. Goodwin of Buxton, 
presented a handsome camp flag and staff, the flag of white 
with a red Sixth Corps cross in the centre, with Camp Goodwin 
above and the Fifth Maine Regiment below in blue letters. The 
staff is thirty feet high and surmounted by a gilt ball. 

Gen. M. C. Wentworth of VVentworth hall fame, paid all the 
expenses of the camp fire, and Mr. T. R. Harris of New York 
sent his annual contribution of two barrels of hard bread. 



358 THE MAINE BUGLE. 



Reunion of Sixth and Ninth Maine Associations 

In accordance with the announcement previously made, the 
reunion of the Sixth and Ninth Regimental Associations was 
held at Machias, August twenty-second and twenty-third. The 
weather was fine, and a comparatively large number was present 
from the above organizations. There were sixty-six members 
of the Sixth Maine and thirty-five from the Ninth who were 
present and joined in the festivities of the occasion. We regret 
to say that a few were deprived of the pleasures at the banquet 
by having failed to make connections, and barely arrived in 
season to join their comrades in the clam bake at Roque Bluffs. 
The visiting comrades were the guests of Bradbury Post No. 15, 
G. A. R. At five o'clock A. M., the command to " fall in " was 
given by Post Commander A. M. Longfellow. The order was 
obeyed by about fifty members of the post, who led the march, 
" band in front," to Libby hall, which was elaborately and tastily 
decorated with flags, bunting, etc. Opposite the entrance 
to the hall large flags were draped on the wall, beneath which 
was a portrait of Gen. Strong, who commanded the storming 
brigade on Fort Wagner, and was killed in the engagement, and 
the following motto, " Welcome veterans Ninth Maine in the 
front line at Fort Wagner." 

The decorations of the Sixth Maine, placed upon the wall 
over the stage, consisted of the old battle flags which were 
given to this company by the ladies of this section and were 
carried from the battle of St. Mary's Height to the close of the 
war, arranged artistically with a large portrait of Colonel Hiram 
Bridgham in the center, and surmounted by the badge of the 
Light Division. 

Upon the stage was pitched a tent, such as was used in the 
war, furnished with all the accoutrements of war, and scattered 
about suitably were muskets, swords, canteens, etc., all of which 



THE SIXTH AND NINTH MAINE. 359 

gave a very lifelike and appropriate appearance. Among these 
relics was a box of souvenirs containing a pair of spurs of the 
late Major C. F. Stone of this place, also several swords used 
in the war, a pair of spurs taken from a dead artillery man of 
the Fifth Maine Battery, at Chancellorsville, a Bible carried 
through the war and stained with blood at Spottsylvania, a Con- 
federate officer's sword and a carbine picked up at Gettysburg, 
and a flintlock musket carried through the Mexican war. 
About the hall were arranged badges representing the twenty- 
four army corps. 

The Ladies' Relief Corps were found stationed behind tables 
in the hall in position to serve the bountiful repast which had 
been furnished by a loyal populace. Grace was invoked by 
Rev. T. J. Wright, after which, a lively manipulation of knives 
and forks, while the band discoursed sweet musii., was the 
principal feature of the occasion for the time being. 

After the " inner man " had been satiated, order was called 
by the toast master, A. M. Longfellow. H. R. Taylor, Esq., 
was introduced and gave an address of welcome to the asso- 
ciations. 

The vocal selection which followed consisted of solo and 
chorus, and was greatly enjoyed. The solo was by Miss Addie 
M. Pennell, who sang with her accustomed volume and sweet- 
ness. The toast, " Sixth Maine Veteran Association," was 
responded to by Wainwright Gushing of Foxcroft, who gave a 
condensed account of the Sixth Maine in its movements and 
fights during the war. Mr. Gushing also told a story highly 
illustrative of the outward makeup of that noble old hero, 
Golonel Burnham, who commanded the Sixth until he received 
a higher rank, and entered a larger field for usefulness to his 
country. Mr. C. spoke as follows: " In due time after arriving 
at the front, a brigade drill was ordered by the general in com- 
mand. Golonel Burnham, who as yet was ignorant of the 
movement of large organizations, and the necessary commands 
to execute them, marched his regiment upon the drill ground 
and took position in the line. The preparatory command for 



360 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

the first movement was as follows : ' Movement by battalion, in 
eschelon 20 paces! A puzzled look overspread the countenance 
of the colonel. He scratched his head, moved uneasily in his 
saddle, and slowly repeated the order, ' Movement by battalion, 
in eschelon twenty paces.' What in h does he mean? " 

A poem was read by Master Hector McLean. Dr. H. H. 
Smith responded for the " Ninth Maine." His statement of the 
charge on Fort Wagner, Morris Island, by this regiment was 
highly complimentary to that organization and very descriptive 
of the event. He also gave an account of the part taken, and 
losses sustained by the regiment in subsequent engagements. 
The doctor stated that by reason of excessive claims of other 
organizations, in the past, the boys of the Ninth had almost 
been made to believe that they had not fought at all. Be that 
as it may, when the doctor was through with them, the applause 
which he received was indicative that his eloquence had con- 
vinced them that they really had been "in it" after all. 

A reading by Miss Nellie Reynolds, entitled, " I marched 
with Sherman from Atlanta to the Sea," was very pathetic, and 
touched every heart. At its close there were many damp eyes, 
especially among the old soldiers. Miss Reynolds was encored 
until she returned and responded by reciting " We have drunk 
from the same canteen." 

The next toast, " The Grand Army of the Republic," was 
responded to by Post Department Commander J.Wesley Oilman 
of Oakland, who gave a description of the organization from 
its inception to the present time, and thought the country could 
ill afford to part with its influence, which was always cast for 
patriotism, right and justice. 

Mrs. Helen DeCamp, an army nurse, gave an interesting 
description of transpiring events during the war period, and the 
sacrifices made by the mothers of that time, and declared that 
if necessary they were as ready now to offer their husbands and 
sons for the salvation of the country as they then were. Com- 
rade L. A. Albee, being called upon, made talk in advocacy of 
the service of the Ninth Maine, and discoursed upon various 



THE SIXTH AND NINTH MAINE. 361 

subjects in connection with the service. He was followed by 
E. W. Brown, Esq., of Lubec, who feelingly spoke to add inter- 
est to the occasion. Rev. T. J. Wright of Machias, and Rev. 
Mr. Leonard of Maiden, Mass., were vociferously applauded by 
citizens and soldiers as they boldly spoke of abuses, and elo- 
quently pointed the way to a better use of the franchise, by 
voting for principle rather than party. Space will not allow of 
a full description of the many happy events observed during 
this reunion, but, suffice it to say that the old soldiers met and 
grasped the hands of comrades, and they departed with a feel- 
ing that the program arranged for their entertainment had been 
more than a success ; and the youth, who listened to the story 
of patriotism and valor, learned a lesson in loyalty which will 
be remembered, and whose influence will be felt throughout the 
coming ages. The exercises closed with singing "Marching 
through Georgia." 

The second day the veterans and citizens of Machias partici- 
pated in a very enjoyable picnic at Roque Bluffs, where a fish 
chowder, prepared by skillful hands, together with a large sup- 
ply of cakes, pies, and other delicacies that go to make up a 
bounteous repast, was served to about six hundred people. The 
weather was all that could be desired, and the afternoon was 
very enjoyably spent in strolling along the beach or listening to 
the music furnished by the band. The party returned in the 
latter part of the afternoon, greatly pleased with the day's enter- 
tainment. 

During the forenoon of the first day the association met at 
their respective quarters and transacted their usual annual busi- 
ness, of which we give a brief outline : The meeting of the 
Ninth was held at the Grand Jury room. Reports of the differ- 
ent officers were read and accepted. The officers elected for 
the ensuing year are as follows : 

President — Harry R. Hopkins, Augusta. 
Vice President— E. H. Bryant, Machias. 
Secretary — J. E. Shepard, Lawrence, Mass. 
Treasurer — John H. Lowell, Hallowell. 

Executive Committee — Edward Boyd, Somerville, Mass.; E. H. Bryant, Machias; 
Volney A. Gray, Dover. 



362 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

The next place of meeting is to be at Peaks' Island, Portland 
Harbor; the place and date to be determined by the executive 
committee. A vote of thanks was extended to E. H. Bryant, 
Bradbury Post, G. A. R., P. H. Longfellow, Esq., and the citi- 
zens of Machias for favors and hospitality shown the associa- 
tion during their reunion, A telegram of greeting from Col. 
Geo. B. Dyer of Boston, Mass., was received ; also a letter from 
Adjutant Jas. E. Shepard of Lawrence, Mass. Following is a 
list of the members of the association who were present : 

Company A — W. A. Babcock, Holyoke, Mass.; Edward Boyd, East Somerville, 
Mass.; Henry H. Ellis, Cooper; John Harper, Levviston; Samuel C. Howe, Calais; 
H. R. Hopkins, Augusta;- Joseph Kidder, Princeton; Thomas McCleod, St. Stephen, 
N. B.; Stephen E. Phipps, Epping; D, A. Smith, East Machias; John H. Whitman, 
Lewiston. Company B — Asa Alexander, Brunswick; D. E. Coombs, Brunswick; Ros- 
well Dunton, Lewiston. Company E- — V. A. Gray, Dover, Company G — Geo. W, 
Harris, Orono; Edward W, Smith, Northtield. Company H — Thomas Black, Whit- 
ing; E. H. Bryant, Machias; John W. Clark, West Pembroke; John W. Foss, 
ISIachias; I. P. Foss, Machias; Geo. H. Kenniston, Machias; WiUiam A, Kilton, 
Machias; Isaac W. Leighton, Machias; James E, Ly>>n, Dennysville; James McCabe, 
Machias; Henry O, Morse, Cherryfield; Warren T, Noyes, Jonesboro ; W.F.Pike, 
Princeton; Abial E. Preble, Machias; S. G. Spooner, Princeton. Company I — ^John 
A. Chadwick, Rockland; W. E. Jordan, Corinth; John H. Lowell, Hallowell, Q. IVL 



MEDALS OF HONOR. 

On August 23d, 1863, Gen. O. A. Gilmore presented one man 
in each company of the brigade which formed the storming 
party on Fort Wagner, Morris Island, with a bronze medal for 
meritorious conduct on that occasion. We have seen one of 
those medals and it bears the name of E. H. Bryant, Company H, 
Ninth Maine Infantry Volunteers, together with a picture of 
Fort Sumter as it appeared on the above date. Mr. Bryant, 
who is very modest, has never before exhibited this memento 
of the past, which speaks so loudly of valiant deeds never to be 
forgotten. 

MONUMENT TO GEO. W. TUPPER. 

Mrs. John Kennedy and Miss Macale, of Providence, R. I., 
came on Thursday's boat. Mrs. K. is a former resident of 
Jonesboro and the only remaining member of the family of the 



THE SEVENTH MAINE. 363 

late George W. Tupper of Company H, Twenty-eighth Maine, 
who served the country during the late rebellion, was honorably 
discharged, but died while on his way home. Much credit is 
due to Mrs. K. for the monumental stone which she had erected 
to the memory of her parents and sister. 

WHITE WINGS. 

N. C, Wallace and wife and Chas. W. Hopkins and wife have 
been camping out on Ray's Point, a most lovely local resort 
readily accessible by carriage. Mr. Wallace made a trip to 
Machias to attend the reunion of the Sixth Maine Regiment, 
with which he fought in the war for the Union. He went in his 
yacht " White Wings." 



Reunion of the Seventh Maine Infantry, 

AT THEIR HEADQUARTERS IN PORTLAND HARBOR. 

August twenty-second, the white cross flag of the Sixth Army 
Corps and the flag of the association showed to old soldiers 
that the veterans of the Seventh Maine Regimental Association 
were in session. There are but few of the veterans of that asso- 
ciation left, but they gathered fairly well, considering the cir- 
cumstances, and when Secretary W. D. Hatch called the roll at 
the business meeting, over which President Waterhouse presided, 
the following answered to their names : 

George F. Himt of Westbrook; W. D. Hatch, Portland; C. H. Waterhouse, Cape 
Ehzabeth; John Oakes, Portland; Eben True, East Deering; George R. Boyer, Som- 
erville, Mass.; J. E. Foster, Portland; William Pool, U. S. N., Lynn, Mass.; Melvin 
Curtis, Whitman, Mass.; F. L. Oakes, Portland; John Curtis, Whitman, Mass.; Lieu- 
tenant William H. Motley, Deering; James S. Connor, Fairfield; Nathaniel Young, 
West Paris; Charles W. Jones, Barre, Vt.; James H. Goss, Brookline, Mass.; William 
J. Rowe, Vassalboro; James Williams, South Paris; Hiram Elliott, South Portland; 
Dr. S. C. Norcross, Lewiston; John Mullen, Portland; Jabez Eveleth, Portland; 
Lieutenant John H. Fogg, Portland; A. A. Stevens, Deering; Robert A. Downing, 
Brunswick; Dr. J. H. Syphers, Cape Elizabeth; Samuel Morrison, Mount Pleasant, 
Mich.; Lieutenant George B. Knight, Portland; Frank Haynes, Passadumkeag; L. 
L. Thurston, Portland. 



364 '^HE MAINE BUGLE. 

The thanks of the association were returned to Mrs. A. H. 
Lindsey of Portland for a copy of the large engraving, " Sher- 
man's March to the Sea," now in the hall of the association. 
Remarks were then made by Dr. Norcross of Lewiston, and 
Charles W. Jones of Vermont, and John H. Fogg, Esq., of 
Portland, talked in an interesting way of war times and referred 
feelingly to the comrades who will no more answer to their 
names. Letters were then read from several members of the 
association who were unable to be present. Brevet Brigadier 
General Edwin C. Mason, colonel of the Third Infantry, U. S. A., 
with headquarters at Fort Snelling, Minn., regretted that he was 
unable to visit Maine this year and expressed his continued 
interest in the association and in all the members of the old 
regiment. General Mason was formerly colonel of the Seventh 
Maine. Dr. H. P. Fernald wrote from Chelesthen, England, 
where he is now in business as a dentist, and John R. Anthoine 
of New York, sent a pleasant note of regret at being unable to 
be present at the annual meeting. The following were then 
elected officers of the association : 

President — Dr. S. C. Norcross, Lewiston, 

Vice Presidents — George R. Boyer, Somerville, Mass.; John H. Fogg, Portland. 

Secretary and Treasurer — W. D. Hatch, Portland. 

Quartermaster — George F. Hunt, Westbrook. 

Chaplain — A. A. Nickerson, Portland. 

Surgeon — Dr. J. H. Syphers, Cape Elizabeth. 

Poet and Historian — W. D. Hatch, Portland. 

President Waterhouse then gracefully returned thanks to the 
association for the manner in which he had been supported 
while discharging the duties of his office, and asked for the 
same cordial support for his successor. Dr. Norcross. A meet- 
ing of the building association, having in charge the building 
and other property of the association, was then held, and the 
following officers were elected : 

Treasurer — A. A. Stevens. 

Secretary — Hiram Ellis. 

Directors — W. D. Hatch, Eben True, John Oakes and George F. Hunt. 



THE EIGHTH MAINE. 365 

A president of the association will be chosen by the directors. 
The real camp fire of the reunion was held August twenty- 
third. The ladies were present in force, and the after-dinner 
speeches were most bright and enjoyable. The poet of the 
association, Mr. Woodbury D. Hatch, had written, and all pres- 
ent united in singing the annual hymn, a never omitted feature 
of the reunion. 



The Eighth Maine Infantry Reunion. 

The annual reunion of the Eighth Maine Regimental Asso- 
ciation was held August twenty-ninth at their headquarters at 
Peaks' Island, a building provided for the association by Gen. 
W. M. McArthur. Among the comrades present were : 

Gen. Henry Boynton, Augusta; Capt. W. S. Lane, Boston; Lieut.-Col. E. A. True, 
Boston; Capt. Hillman Smith, Auburn; Capt. L. B. Rogers, Patten; Lieut. H. B. 
Sawyer, Auburn; George F. Dodge, North Berwick; O. P. Richardson, Waterville; 
E. P. Woodward, Lisbon; Wallace Smith, Auburn; W. C. Taylor, Alfred; George 
Perry, Portland; O. B. Canwell, Boston; Lieut. S. D. Shurtle, South Livermore; 
T. F. Ingraham, Roxbury, Mass.; O. L. Richardson, Waterville; H. Dennis Adams, 
Jay; J. C. Cotton, Boston; Miles Rhoades, North Berwick; John Treadwell, Kenne- 
bunk; W. B. Goodwin, Brunswick; Maj. J. H. H. Hewett, Thomaston; Jethro Swett, 
Kittery; W. C. Cross, Natick, Mass. ; J. C. Littlefield, Boston; David S. Austin, North 
Berwick; G. W. Lord, Natick, Mass.; E. C. Spearin, Auburn; George L. Dacy, Bos- 
ton; T. S. Brown, Belmont; W. E. Jones, Salem, Mass.; C. W. Bracy, Alfred; C. H. 
Burke, East Winn; F. D. Larrabee, New Gloucester; Edward Hanson, Biddeford; 
Gideon L. Littlefield, Wells; J. A. Littlefield, Wells. 

Dinner was served at twelve o'clock, and the business meeting 
was held immediately after the comrades adjourned from the 
tables. Capt. W. S. Lane, president of the association, pre- 
sided. Reference was made by the treasurer to a balance due 
for repairs and improvements made on the headquarters during 
the year, and the comrades present promptly and generously 
responded to the suggestion that it might be well to wipe out 
that debt. 

W. G. Soule of Portland, was introduced by President 
Lane and gave some bright recollections of the time when 



366 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

the Eighth Maine was taken to Port Royal. Mr. Soule was 
purser aboard the transport that took them out, and by mistake 
was once ordered under arrest by Gen. Boynton. This brought 
Gen. Boynton to his feet, and he told how the arrest came to be 
made. He was looking for another man, and his general resem- 
blance to Mr. Soule, led to the arrest, and prompt discharge of 
that gentleman. 

Rev. H. A. Philbrook of Watertown, Mass., chaplain of the 
regiment, moved the appointment of a committee of three to 
bring to the attention of the members of the next Maine legis- 
lature the matter of assisting in the publication of histories of 
the different Maine regiments. He suggested that it might be 
well to ask the State to buy a certain number of copies to be 
placed in public libraries, and otherwise distributed through the 
State. Mr. Philbrook said that in his opinion this was the only 
way by which there could be saved to the State much valuable 
historical material. He would have the histories largely the 
work of the comrades themselves, and to render the work of 
the editorial committee just what the term would imply. He 
thought that one great fault common to many of the regimental 
histories should be avoided. There would seem to be no neces- 
sity for the giving of a long preliminary sketch of the causes 
that led up to the war. Mr. Philbrook also referred to the 
Maine Bugle as a most appropriate organ, showing the actual 
life of the soldier, and remarked that the articles in the BuGLE 
from Chaplain Wright and the story of Erastus Doble's capture, 
prison life and escape were worth many times the subscription 
price of that magazine. 

Gen. Boynton said that was his idea exactly. He would 
make the histories to be written just what a regimental history 
should be, a sketch of what the different members saw ot the 
war and the part they took in it. There would occur to every 
man present special acts of bravery on the part of comrades 
living and dead that should find a place in such a history. 
Don't make it too formal. Gen. Boynton said there was no 
doubt that the State ousht to assist in the work. It had been 



THE EIGHTH MAINE. 367 

done in Massachusetts and in some of the other States, and 
should be done in Maine. 

Capt. Sawyer spoke earnestly in the same Hne. It seemed to 
him that a letter from every member of a regiment would have 
weight with some member of the legislature. He would have 
it understood that nothing would be asked for on the part of 
the Eighth Maine that would prejudice the interest of any other 
Maine regiment. Mr. Philbrook said that it would be well to 
have it generally understood by members of the regiment that 
the editorial committee would like every possible incident to be 
recalled. " Of course some legends will work in," he said, "but 
that is to be expected. Give all you can. Give incidents 
comic and pathetic. Tell about scrapes you got in and out of. 
Let us have the story of the real life of the regiment." 

Gen. J. P. Cilley, a guest of the association, was invited to 
speak, and made a bright address, dwelling largely on regimental 
history writing at this late day. One book only leads to a 
desire to revise and rewrite it, so much new matter comes to 
light. He was warmly in favor of asking for State aid in the 
publication of historical matter connected with the great war, 
and the part played therein by the soldiers from Maine. Col. 
E. A. True of Boston, Mass., Pearl G. Ingalls of Washington, 
and Capt. H. B. Sawyer of Auburn, were appointed to act as 
a committee to bring the matter to the attention of the legis- 
lature. The following officers were then elected : 

President — Gen. Henry Boynton, Augusta. 
Vice Presidents— A. R. Millett, P. G. Ingalls and G. L. Dacy. 
Secretary and Treasurer — Hon. Hillman Smith, Auburn. 

Executive Committee — Fred Larrabee, New Gloucester; G. .S. Dutch, North Ber- 
wick; P. R. Woodward, Lisbon Falls. 

Gen. Boynton declined to serve as president of the associa- 
tion because he expects to be in Europe next year, but he was 
not excused, the general sentiment of the association being 
voiced by a comrade who said, " And then we shall be pleased 
to be represented in Europe by our president. Gen. Boynton, 
It will carry the name of the Eighth Regiment so much farther," 



368 



THE MAINE BUGLE. 



The thanks of the association were then returned to the retiring 
president, Hon. Hillman Smith. The secretary asked that if 
any comrade heard of the death of a member of the regiment, 
or of the association, that he would notify him. 

A Ladies' Auxihary was organized with twenty-five members, 
the following being chosen officers : 

President — Mrs. Maria Rhodes, Berwick. 
Vice President — Mrs. Sarah L. Larrabee, New Gloucester. 
Secretary and Treasurer — Mrs. Vina Richardson, Waterville. 

Executive Committee — Mrs. Hillman Smith, Auburn; Mrs. H. B. Sawyer, Auburn; 
Mrs. E. C. Spearin, Auburn. 

In the evening the comrades of the Eighth Maine gathered 
around a fire kindled in the big fire place and told stories and 
sung old army songs until a late, or rather early hour. 




EIGHTH MAINE MEMORIAL BUILDING. 



No description of the reunion would be complete without 
calling attention to the beautiful and spacious structure which 
the " vets " of the old Eighth call their summer home, and the 
man to whom they are indebted for it, Gen. William M. 



THE EIGHTH MAINE. 369 

McArthur, of Limington, who gave this beautiful structure to 
the association at a personal cost of $8,000. The association 
will long revere the name of Gen. McArthur. 

The Eighth Maine was a credit to this State. It was recruited 
from nearly all parts of the State. Some came from Ellsworth 
and vicinity, others from Aroostook, Kennebec and York coun- 
ties. The regiment went out in 1861 and was not mustered out 
of the service until 1866. From 1861 to 1864 they served in 
the department of the South, after that mostly in Virginia, first 
under Butler and then under Grant. The Eighth Maine saw a 
great deal of hard service, being in many of the most important 
battles of the war. They were under fire before Petersburg for 
a hundred days. Their record is most honorable and the veter- 
ans are reasonably proud of what they went through and what 
they accomplished. 

After so long and so valuable service, it is eminently proper 
that the regiment should have a fitting regimental home, where 
the members can gather and talk over their campaigns and the 
hardships and triumphs incident thereto. Such a home has 
been provided for them by General McArthur, The structure 
is of noble proportions, built in cottage style, with a sightly 
tower on the easterly corner. It stands in the most picturesque 
spot on Peaks' Island, directly opposite White Head. From 
the easterly verandas one can look far out to sea and inhale the 
" salt breezes in all their freshness." The first story is a large 
assembly hall, with a fine hard wood floor, the walls finished in 
cottage style. In the basement, in the seaward end, are dining 
room and kitchen. On the second floor are sleeping rooms, 
arrangedon either side of a broad corridor, at the end of which 
is a veranda, from which rare views of old ocean delight the 
veterans, as they gather there by moonlight, before retiring to 
rest. It is intended, before long, to have a collection of relics 
of the war, which shall equal in interest any in the State. 



370 THE MAINE BUGLE. 



First, Tenth and Twenty-ninth Maine Regiments 

HAVE THEIR ANNUAL REUNION. 

The survivors of the First, Tenth and Twenty-ninth Maine 
Volunteers wound up their annual outing in their attractive 
association building at Long Island, Portland Harbor, August 
eighth and ninth, with their annual business meeting and a 
review of personal war experiences. Hardly a man in that 
building but was wounded in some form by the rebels in our 
late war. The struggles of the color guard in some of the bat- 
tles to keep the colors flying at the front laid many a Maine boy 
low and sent many another to the hospital. The names of those 
who so fell, as well as others, were once more recalled by their 
former comrades in arms. Dr. D. VV. Bland of Pottsville, Penn., 
who went to the front with the Ninety-sixth Pennsylvania Reg- 
iment, and whose position under various general officers brought 
him in close contact with Maine regiments, where he made many 
friends, was by invitation of this regiment present at their 
annual dinner. 

Maj.-Gen. Schuyler Hamilton of New York, was another 
notable guest of this organization. Among other officers pres- 
ent were Gen. George L. Beale of Norway, Gen. George H. 
Nye of Natick, Mass., George W. West of Washington, D. C, 
Dr. H. N. Howard of Washington, D. C, Capt. E. M. Shaw of 
Nashua, N. H., Maj. John M. Gould and Maj. W. P. Jordan of 
Portland, Maj. Alpheus Green of Providence, R. I., Adj. Chas. 
W. Roberts of Portland, Captains C. C Graham and Hebron 
Mayhew of Westbrook, E. Nelson Greeley and Herbert R. 
Spencer of Portland, Harry R. Willett of Boston, Charles H. 
Pettingill of New York City, Lieuts. Harry McKeen of South 
Paris, and Benj. F. Whitney of Gorham. The following other 
members of the association were also present: 



FIRST, TENTH AND TWENTY-NINTH INFANTRY. 371 

George E.Andrews, Portland; George S. Ayer, Saco; Frank J. Bradbury, Norway; 
Frank G. Boody, Portland; John J. Bagley, Lowell, Mass.; Lucius L Bartlett, Nor- 
way; Gilman Brackett, Peaks' Island; Merrilt W. Bickford, Maiden, Mass.; Gladden 
Bonney, Boston; Houghton Bond, Auburn; George H. Bailey, Woodfords; John W. 
Chase, Portland; Joe C. Colesworthy, Woodfords; Henry R. Colesworthy, Portland; 
Wm. C. Cole, Norway; Zimri Carleton, Campello, Mass.; James Donovan, Lewiston; 
Edmund W. Dyer, South Portland; Daniel Davis, Portland; Jere S. Douglass, Port- 
land; George B. Day, Gorham; Charles S. Emerson, Auburn; Stillman H. Emerson, 
Biddeford; Hezekiah Elwell, Westbrook; Charles H. Frost, Portland; Freeman Farrar, 
West Sumner; Albert R. Fogg, Cumberland Mills; Hartwell S. French, Lynn, Mass.; 
David P. Field, Auburn; John M. Gould, Portland; Ed. Nelson Greeley, Portland; 
Renselear Greeley, Portland; George IL Gill, Portland; Charles C. Graham, West- 
brook; Lewis E. Goodridge, Cumberland Mills; Levi Alonzo Guptill, Belgrade; 
George Guptill, Readfield; Sylvanus W. Giles, Readfield; Joshua Bailey (joodwin. 
Auburn; Alpheus L. Greene, Providence, R. L; Frederick Greene, Saco; Frederick 
S.Greene, Portland; Charles R. Greene, Portland; Henry H. Greene, Woodfords; 
Almon L. Goss, Auburn; Ezekiel H. Hanson, Deering; Edward K. Hanson, East 
Hiram; George W. Harradon, Auburn; Charles Harris, Saco; Mahlon S. Hodgdon, 
Portland; Ithamar Houston, Westbrook; Alfred C. Hicks, Boston; Charles W. 
Heney, Oakland; Horatio H. Howard, Washington; William A. Huff, Saco; Hebron 
S. Mayhew, Westbrook; Henry R. Millett, Boston; Amos G. Merrill, New Gloucester; 
John E. Mountfort, Knightville; Ben C. Miles, James Milligan, Matthias Moulton, 
Portland; Thomas Marriner, West Baldwin; Harry H. McKeen, South Paris; Alonzo 
Morrill, Auburn; George H. Nye, Natick; Lanty O'Neil, Maiden, Mass ; Charles H. 
Pettingill, New York ; Aretas Penney, Auburn ; Tobias Pillsbury, Willard ; Samuel T. 
Quint, West Buxton; Roland W. Randall, Auburn; J. Frank Raynes, Auburn; Joseph 
Raynes, Yarmouthville ; John S. Richardson, Deering Center; Charles F. Roberts, 
Portland; Benjamin M. Redlon, Herbert R. Sargent, Albert S. Spaulding, James M. 
Safford, Peter Willis Stoneham, Wm. N. Sewell, Charles W. Stevens, PVancis Skillings, 
Portland; George W. Smith, Chesterville; Edgar W. Small, Woodfords; Edward H. 
Sawyer, Auburn; Josiah Smith, Saco; Charles H. Smith, Porter; Elijah M. Shaw, 
Nashua, N. H.; Moses Simpson, New Castle; Dexter D. Skinner, Mechanic Falls; 
John F. Totman, Leroy H Tobie, Portland; Ira Frank Tibbetts, Deering Centre; 
Daniel L. Verrill, Auburn; William Waddell, Edwin C. Webb, Portland; George W. 
West, New York City; Marcus Wight, Lowell, Mass.; John C. Willey, Wakefield, 
Mass.; Benj. F. Whitney, Gorham; Azra B. Webber, West Auburn; Murray B. Wat- 
son, Auburn; George W. Warren, Freeport. 

The following officers were elected for the ensuing year: 

President — Major A. L. Greene, Providence, R. I. 

Vice Presidents — Daniel P. Field, Auburn; Charles C. Graham, Westbrook; S. H- 
Emerson, E'ddeford; Lucius I. Bartlett, Norway. 

Secretary and Treasurer — Major John M. Gould, Portland. 

Surgeon — Dr. Horatio N. Howard, Washington, D. C. 

Chaplain — Rev. Frelon Starbird, East Dixfield. 

Commissar} — R. L. Greeley, Portland. 

Executive Committee — B. M. Ridlon, Charles H. Frost, and Charles R. Berry, 
Portland. 



372 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

It was voted to allow the ladies to build a hall, and the date 
of the next reunion was fixed. The Ladies' Auxiliary of the 
First, Tenth and Twenty-ninth held a meeting Wednesday 
afternoon, August eighth, and elected for officers: 

President — Mrs. C. H. Frost, Portland. 
Vice President — Mrs. A'. S. Spaulding, Portland. 
Secretary — Mrs. M. R. Weeman, Portland. 
Treasurer — Miss Mamie Annie Colesworthy, Portland. 

The ladies turned out in large numbers, and crowded the 
large banquet hall to overflowing, and after finishing their 
routine business they discussed the question of building a hall 
of their own. It was voted that a hall suitable for the purpose 
be erected near the association building. 

TWO WAR STORIES. 

The air of Portland harbor has been fairly teeming with the 
tales of the great rebellion from the reminiscent lips of the old 
veterans who have gathered at their annual reunions in their 
regimental club houses. What a pity that all these stories as 
they issue forth in select circles of old comrades and pass out 
into the surrounding atmosphere in ever diminishing waves of 
sound couldn't be somehow preserved in some great phonograph 
of nature to be given forth hereafter for the benefit and amuse- 
ment of posterity. In one circle of story telling veterans were 
General George L. Beal of Norway, state treasurer. Dr. D. W. 
Bland of Pottsville, Pennsylvania, General Schuyler Hamilton 
of New York, and others. They were talking about the intense 
hostility displayed by the southern women towards the federal 
troops, and General Hamilton told the following story: 

It was when he was in command in Mississippi that he saw 
this singular instance of the feminine hatred for a northern man. 
He was invited to call at a wealthy southern home, and noticed 
that the daughter of the house was a singularly beautiful girl of 
about eighteen years of age. He was accompanied by a young 
man, one of his staff, who was soon talking with the young girl. 
Later the young man came to the general and whispered, "That 



FIRST, TENTH AND TWENTY-NINTH INFANTRY. 373 

girl has a ring on her finger that she says was made from the 
thigh bone of a Yankee killed at Bull Run. The ring is cer- 
tainly made of bone," he added. General Hamilton called the 
girl's mother immediately and told her to shut that girl up or 
get her out of the way quick, for if she was inclined to talk 
about that ring and if his soldiers knew that she was wearing 
such a ring they wouldn't leave one stone of the house standing 
upon another. Later General Hamilton asked the girl's mother 
to send a servant to get him a drink of water. The woman 
looked at him and said: "I cannot understand how a federal 
officer can ask a southern woman to get him a drink of water 
and not expect it to be poisoned." Again she made this remark- 
able statement, and she meant it. The general replied : 
" Madam, if you were to get the water for me I might not 
expect to drink it with impunity; but no woman of that race 
(pointing to the colored servant) will ever do harm to a federal 
officer." The southern woman was silenced. 

But how did it happen that General Schuyler Hamilton of 
New York was at Long Island? He had been stopping at Old 
Orchard and the veterans learned of it and went out and brought 
him over. He is a grandson of Alexander Hamilton, is a retired 
officer of the regular army, and served through the war with a 
distinguished record, rising to the rank of major general. He 
was born in New York city in 1822, graduated at West Point in 
1 841, was on duty on the western plains, served with honor in 
the Mexican war, being brevetted for gallantry at Monterey, as 
aide-de-camp to General Winneld Scott from '47 to '54, volun- 
teered as a private in the Seventh New York at the beginning of 
the civil war, and was made a major general in September, 1862. 

Dr. D. W. Bland was at Long Island because he had been 
stopping at the Ottawa House for a week previous. He was a 
famous army surgeon through the war, and his Pennsylvania 
regiment was brigaded with the Fifth Maine. He became 
acquainted with many Maine officers. He told the following 
anecdote of Colonel Jackson of the Fifth Maine. The colonel 
was a very rough, loud-spoken and profane man. In fact he 



374 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

was so profane that he was somewhat notorious, and the chap- 
lain of the regiment and others desired to do something to 
combat the influence of his profanity and call his attention to 
the undesirability of it. But no one dared approach him on 
the subject. At last the chaplain of the Sixteenth New York 
undertook the fearsome task. He went to the colonel's tent 
and scratched on the canvas. He heard a stentorian voice 
exclaim, "Who the h — 1 is there now?" The orderly replied 
that it was a stranger who wanted to see him. " Show him in," 
roared the colonel. The chaplain entered, and noting his dress 
the colonel said, " D — d glad to see you, chaplain; sit down." 
The chaplain sat down, cleared his throat, and said that the 
chaplains of the regiments were trying to push forward a 
movement for the moral uplifting of the soldiers, and wanted 
to know if there was any objection to their laboring among those 
of the Fifth Maine. " Well, I don't know, as there is," said the 
colonel, " preach as much as you d — n please." The chaplain 
continued that they had been very successful and had already 
baptised five soldiers of the Sixteenth New York. " Corporal," 
roared the colonel so loudly and suddenly that the chaplain 
jumped, " Detail twenty-seven men to be baptised as quick as 
God will let yer. I'll be d — d if any New York regiment gets 
ahead of the Fifth Maine." 



The delay in the issue of the October BUGLE has been caused 
by a sad act of Providence. A number of articles have been 
carried over to the January issue. The continued history of 
the Fifth New York Cavalry must go over. The reunions of the 
Maine regimental associations have only been given in part and 
reference must be had to the January BUGLE for the remainder. 
Lieut. Jefferson L. Coburn has a very interesting account of the 
battle of Dinwiddie Court House verified by a visit to the loca- 
tion in company with Confederate soldiers who participated in 
that contest. He will also present letters from the opposing side, 
which will add new light to that comparatively unwritten but 
important battle. The BuGLE for 1895 will be better than ever. 



IN MEMORIAM. 375 



In Memoriam. 



ALEXANDER BENNER. 



At Liberty, Maine, November 19th, 1893, Alexander Banner, 
Company B, First Maine Cavalry, died, aged fifty-two years, 
four months, sixteen days. He also served one year in the 
navy. He was a member of the Bradstreet Post, and was a 
man of good standing and highly respected by all who knew 
him. He was a pensioner, and died of disease contracted while 
in the service. He left surviving a widow and three sons. 



GERSHOM F. BURGESS. 

Hon. Gershom F. Burgess of Rockport, died September ist, 
1894. He was born at Hartland, Me., sixty-five years ago, and 
was educated at Kent's Hill and Coburn Classical Institute, 
Waterville, where he was a classmate of C. F. Richards of 
Rockport, and Nelson Dingley, besides other notable men. 
After graduating he came to Rockland and taught school sev- 
eral years, also at Rockport and other towns in Knox county. 

For a time he was engaged in the stable business at Rockland 
and studied law, where he met and married his first wife, Mrs. 
John White. After her death he went to Rockport and associ- 
ated himself in business with David Talbot. In a few years he 
married Mrs. Christiana Young and assumed the management 
of the lime business of her late husband. In 1883 Mrs. Bur- 
gess died leaving two children, Gershom L. and Ardella C. 
Several years later Mr. Burgess married Miss Lotta Gould who 
died at the end of about two years. In 1890 Miss Julia Knight 
of Camden, became his wife and now survives him. 

Mr. Burgess all through his life has been prominent in busi- 
ness and social circles. He served in the late war as first lieu- 
tenant of Co. I, Nineteenth Maine Infantry, under Capt. Edward 
A. Snow. In that regiment it will be remembered were such 



376 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

men as George D. Smith, Edgar A. Burpee of Rockland, Rev. 
George R. Palmer of Saco, Lafayette Carver of Vinalhaven, 
and Col. W. H. Fogler of Rockland. The regiment occupied 
at Bristoe Station the most advantageous position and did effect- 
ive service in repelling the enemy's attack at that place. At 
Gettysburg the regiment's position was near that now designated 
as the high water mark of the rebellion, one of the proudest 
positions on the field. 

As a public spirited man Mr. Burgess will long be remem- 
bered. He always took an interested and active part in town 
affairs. For a number of years he held the office of town treas- 
urer for Rockport. In the years of 'qo-'qi he represented the 
county in the state senate, acquitting himself with honor. He 
was a generous man, as many of his friends can testify, and the 
G. F. Burgess Engine Company will stand as a living evidence. 
High up in Masonry, he belonged to the Blue Lodge, Chapter, 
and Commandery. At the time of his death he held the posi- 
tion of school supervisor for Rockport and was stockholder and 
director in two of the woolen mills at Camden. 

The funeral was held September fourth, at the Burgess home- 
stead. Rev. W. W. Ogier officiated and paid a fitting tribute 
to his memory. He spoke of his generosity, public spiritedness, 
his kindness to his employees, and told of the important posi- 
tions he has always held in town and state affairs. The house 
and grounds were filled with friends. The procession to the 
cemetery was composed of a delegation of Sir Knights, fol- 
lowed by the G. F. Burgess Fire Company in uniform, the Fred 
A. Norwood Post, and a long line of Master Masons from Cam- 
den and Rockport. 



HARRISON B. ROWLEY. 

Harrison B. Bowley of West Rockport, died at his home 
August thirtieth. He was corporal of Co. I, Nineteenth Maine 
Regiment, which was the same to which G. F. Burgess belonged. 
He was buried by the George S. Cobb Post, of which he was a 
member. 



IN MEMORIAM. 377 

JONATHAN P. CILLEY, JR. 

Jonathan Prince Cilley, Jr., seemed endowed with the quali- 
ties of manhood that proceed from noble ancestry and the cul- 
ture of modern educational processes to achieve a name and 
place among the great men of this generation. Why he should 
die within the very doorway of his opportunities is one of the 
mysteries before which the inquiring mind stands, unanswered. 

His great-great-grandfather, Joseph Cilley, colonel of 'the First 
New Hampshire Line in the Revolutionary War ; Jonathan Cilley, 
his grandfather, the statesman who was stricken down by the 
bullet of the Southerner Graves; Jonathan Prince Cilley, his 
father, whose record in the civil war is among the brightest on 
the nation's roll of soldiers ; contributed to young Jonathan 
through the processes of heredity a combination of manly and 
heroic qualities such as we rarely find a young man endowed 
with. He was born in 1868, his mother dying three years later, 
leaving the child, together with a sister, Grace, a year older, to 
the care of Miss Fanny Lazell, Mrs. Cilley's sister. The sister, 
now Mrs. Walter G. Tibbetts, is with her husband en route from 
San Jose, Guatemala, to Port Townsend, leaving San Jose before 
a cablegram announcing her brother's death could reach her. 

Young Cilley grew up in Rockland and graduated in 1887 
from our public schools, entering directly upon a collegiate 
course at Bowdoin. He was a marked man from the beginning 
of his four years there, was president of his class in the Fresh- 
man year, commodore of the college " eight " when they made 
their gallant fight with Harvard, one of the crew that rowed in 
the Charles river and also in the race with Cornell at Ithaca in 
1890, an athlete in the gymnasium, a member of the tug of war 
teams in the victories over Colby and Bates, president of the 
college Y. M. C. A., and intensely loved and honored by faculty 
and collegemates. It was said by President Hyde that young 
Cilley was the finest endowed young man, mentally, physically 
and morally, who had been in Bowdoin during his presidency. 
At the conclusion of his collegiate course he was one of the 



378 'J^HE MAINE BUGLE. 

foremost spirits in the famous Bowdoin College expedition to 
Labrador, and his published account thereof indicated some- 
thing of the high literary qualities of the young man. A 
bicycle tour over a portion of Europe made two years later 
afforded another opportunity to exhibit his taste as a writer. 
There is every reason to believe that had young Cilley lived he 
would have won high places in the fields of literature. 

From Bowdoin, Cilley took the three years' course at the 
Harvard Law School in two years' time, and then began his work 
as a lawyer with the leading law firm of Butler, Stillman & Hub- 
bard, New York. He instantly commanded attention by the 
thoroughness ot his methods, his intense devotion to the matter 
in hand and a quick grasp of all its salient features. In his new 
home in Brooklyn he made friends as usual and was a marked 
man. Always keenly interested in military affairs, he became 
a member of Co. I, Twenty-third New York National Guards. 
Last year he won a gold medal as a sharpshooter. 

Important law cases were early entrusted to him, and it was 
while looking after an admiralty case of considerable magnitude 
at Savannah, Ga., last June, that he fell sick. Returning to 
Brooklyn he underwent a hospital operation for appendicitis, 
and in July returned to his Rockland home for recuperation. 
He had always been a boy and man of extraordinary good 
health and powerful physique ; and it was in an over-estimation 
of strength that he started to resume his work in September. 
Reaching Boston he fell sick of typhoid fever, and five weeks 
later he died, at the home of his cousin, George E. Cilley, Octo- 
ber nineteenth. 

Gen. Cilley proceeded to Boston and was with his son during 
his sickness. Miss Fanny Lazell was summoned at his son's 
early request from her present home in Saxton's River, Vt., and 
her devotion was ceaseless through the closing weeks. But 
there was no help for the sufferer. 

The funeral was held in the First Baptist church, Rockland, of 
which young Cilley was an honored member. The choir of the 
church sang two selections. The house was filled with mourning 



IN MEMORIAM. 379 

friends. The Y. M. C. A. to which deceased belonged was pres- 
ent in a body, and marched at the head of the funeral procession 
as far as Park street. Rev. J. H. Parshley, pastor of the church, 
delivered a most just and eloquent eulogy of the young man, 
drawing many high and noble lessons from his character and 
career. The casket, which rested in front of the pulpit plat- 
form, was covered with flowers and floral pieces, there being a 
wreath of yellow roses and white pinks from the Brooklyn, N. 
Y., Sunday school, beautiful star of white pinks, roses and 
smilax from the Rockland Y. M. C. A., cluster of cream roses 
from F. J. Simonton, Jr., and a lovely pillow, yellow roses and 
white pinks, from his cousins in Brooklyn, also flowers from 
Mrs. H. C. Clapp of Boston, Miss C. S. Lazell of Saxton's 
River, Miss Jennie Burleigh of Epping, N. H., Mrs. H. W. 
Wight and daughter Martha, and others. After the services the 
remains were taken to Thomaston and interred beside the ashes 
of his lamented grandfather, Jonathan. The pall bearers were 
F. J. Simonton, Jr., A. L. Torrey, M. A. Rice, John Bird, E. B. 
McAlister, S. T. Kimball, W. O. Fuller, Jr., and A. W. Butler. 
Among those present at the funeral were Mrs. Julia D. Lazell, 
an aunt who came on from her home in Roanoke, Va., and was 
in Boston with her nephew some weeks previous to his decease, 
James D. Lazell, also of Roanoke, Lewis Lazell, an uncle, of 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 

We cannot designate the equal of Jonathan Prince Cilley, Jr., 
as an " all around " young man, who from inherited qualities of 
head and heart, from a remarkable physique, a trained mind, 
a wholesome, elevated Christian character, a personality that 
charmed and won him powerful friends, a heart devoid of guile, 
ideals that stopped nowhere short of the farthest heights attain- 
able, seemed destined to win renown such as men strive after 
but few attain. 

One of the members of the law firm writes Gen. Cilley regard- 
ing his son a letter from which we are permitted to make the 
following extract: " During your son's association with my firm 
he endeared himself to all of us by his kindliness, courtesy, 



380 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

industry and amiable temper — and, beyond that, his clear mind 
and remarkable insight into legal principles and questions 
caused us to consider him as one of the most promising young 
men of our acquaintance. Personally, I found it a pleasure to 
have him undertake any work for me. Whenever it came within 
his province to examine for me any question of law, or any 
matters of fact, he invariably went to the bottom of anything, 
not contenting himself with a merely superficial investigation — 
and always going about it in the right way, something altogether 
unusual in young lawyers of his age and experience. This 
opinion of him was not mine alone — it was shared by all in the 
office." — W. O. Fu/ler, Jr., tn the Rockland Tribune. 

The announcement of the death of Jonathan P. Cilley, Jr., 
which occurred in Boston, Friday night, October nineteenth, 
was everywhere received with profound regret. He was a brill- 
iant and accomplished young man, and his strong, noble and 
manly character inspired respect and esteem in the minds of all 
who knew him. And the sympathy of every heart went out to 
the father and sister, and to those who were privileged to call 
him kinsman or friend. His death, at the outset of a career 
that promised to be brilliant, honorable and useful, is a loss to 
this community and to humanity; to those who were bound to 
him by ties of relationship and personal friendship, those whose 
hope, inspiration and loved one he was, the blow must be terri- 
ble indeed. * * * — Oliver Otis in the Rockland Opinion. 




BUGLE ECHOES. 381 



Bugle Echoes. 

" There are bonds of all sorts in this world of ours, 
Fetters of Friendship and ties of flowers, 

And true lovers' knots I ween; 
The girl and the boy are bound by a kiss, 
But there's never a bond like this, 

We drank from the same canteen.^'' 



LETTERS FROM THE COMRADES. 

DINWIDDIE COURT HOUSE. 

Geo. S. Bernard of Petersburg, Va., writes : 

Thanks for the kind words expressed in your last letter concerning the old Confed- 
erate soldiers, and I further thank you for the extra copy of the Bugle you sent me. 
I find myself much interested in reading the pages of this magazine. It is an excel- 
lent idea that it has been made the organ of all the ex-soldiers of your State. A 
member of the First Maine Cavalry, Mr. Jeff L. Coburn, of Lewiston, Me., made a 
visit to our city and to Chamberlin's Run, near Dinwiddle Court House, on the thirty- 
first of March last, the twenty-ninth anniversary of the action at that place on the 
thirty-first of March, 1865, in which his command participated, and while in our 
city attended the meeting of A. P. Hill Camp of Confederate Veterans. Bemg intro- 
duced to the camp and called upon to make a speech, he read a paper which created 
much enthusiasm. He was warmly greeted by the old soldiers present. His appear- 
ance in the camp was a pleasant incident. 

MILITARY PAMPHLETS AND PAPERS FOR THE LIBRARY OF THE WAR DEPARTMENT AT 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

Gen. a. W. Greely, Chief Signal Officer, U. S. A., in behalf of library of the War 

Department at Washington, writes : 

This library is making an earnest effort to bring to its shelves the most valual:>le lit- 
erature pertaining to the late Civil War — that contained in pamphlets written by the 
prrticipants in the war for the Union. In this connection an order was made for the 
Maine Bugle, which, as received, I presume, contains all the numbers at your disposal. 
The pamphlets received include the third and eleventh reunions of the First Maine 
Cavalry. The First Maine Bugle was also received from July, 1890, to include 
April, 1894. There was also received the Battle Order of the Army of the Potomac. 
Is it not possible to obtain the first and second reunions in some manner? I hope so, 
for I am sure the First Maine Cavalry Association deserves to be represented on the 
shelves of the library of the War Department, towards which historical students are 
turning more and more for military literature. I should be under obligations to you if 



382 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

in the next reunion of the First Maine Cavalry, and indeed at any other reunions, you 
would ask whether there was not some member who would donate these pamphlets to 
the library. I should further be very much gratified if you would blow a blast on your 
Bugle inviting attention to the fact that this library will be greatly pleased if the 
author of any military pamphlet will send a copy here, where it will be gladly received, 
promptly acknowledged, and put on our card catalogue, so that its existence will be 
known and its contents available to every student. On receipt of a postal card from 
any individual having military literature to donate, a penalty frank will be forwarded so 
as to save expense of postage. Among Maine war papers in this library not mentioned 
in your list are " East Maine Conference Seminary, War Record; pp. 54, Boston, 
1877 " : and " Portland Soldiers and Sailors; pp. 56. Portland, 1884." 

MORE TO FOLLOW. EXPECT A BIG TIME AND A GOOD FIGHT. 

Sidney W. Clark, Sergt. Co. A, First Maine Cavalry, of Masardis, Me., writes : 

I forward you to-day a sketch of my early service during the rebellion. I will soon 
send something more, in regard to the Racoon Ford affair, also the hrst guide which 
took us from Gaines' Cross Roads to Kee's Mills, seven miles, which has not been cor- 
rectly represented. I secured the first guide myself, by order of Lieut. -Col. Boothby, 
and know the facts on that particular point. Comrade Augustus Lord, in the April 
Call, 1894, gives the impression that old man Gaines was our first guide, but it was a 
colored man, as I will fully state in my next communication, which I will furnish soon, 
as I wish to give in proper sequence what I write in regard to Company A. I am very 
busy at present, as I am with my other work drilling a company of comrades for the 
sham battle at our G. A. R. reunion at Ashland, the last of August. We expect a big 
time and a good fight. 

MILITARY INSTRUCTION IN OUR SCHOOLS. 

Henry T. Bartlett, First Mass. Cav., of New York City, writes : 

Like yourself I was prevented at the last moment from attending Concord reunion, 
but not on account of sickness. Bugler C. F. Dam of Portland, Me., informs me that 
he has succeeded in getting an appropriation to equip one hundred and fifty High 
School boys, to begin with, and I learned last evening that the city of Bennington, Vt., 
had adopted military instruction in her school. My friends in Scranton, Pa., are about 
to petition the " Board of Education " to the same purpose. 

always GOT there. 

Luther Tibbetts, Co. I, First Me. Cav., of Limerick, Me., writes : 

I thought that the last Bugle was never coming, but it got here at last — just the 
same as the old regiment, for you well know that the First Maine always did " get 
there " when it started out. So did the Bugle. I accepted its apology for being late. 

the air of MAINE WOODS. 

Rev. James F. Smith, of Co. K, Ninth Maine, of Lowell, Ind., writes : 

To-day I am almost longing for a breath of the air of Maine woods. But as I can 
not get that I enclose a money order to pay for the Maine Bugle for 1894 and the 
back numbers of the Bugle for 1893. 



BUGLE ECHOES. 383 



DEATH IN ANDERSONVILLE PRISON. 

F. E. Jewett, of 6700 Glades Ave., St. Louis, Mo., Co. K, First Me. Cav., writes : 

On page one hundred and forty-six of the April number of the Bugle I notice 
among others unaccounted for the name of James P. Newell. I met Newell in Ander- 
sonville in' June or July, 1864, and for a short time he and I camped together, he hav- 
ing part of a blanket which we used for a shelter, I furnishing the stakes and pole for 
the tent (?). He afterwards met a friend who had a tent, and they consolidated, 
leaving me out. I saw him several times after that, and some time during the summer 
I learned that he had died. 1 don't know the date, but think it was in September. 
Since looking over my old diary I think that Newell died in August, 1864, as I have 
a memoranda that J. Dyer of Company E, First Maine Cavalry, died August eighteenth, 
and B. F. Fogg of same regiment died August twenty-sixth. My recollection is that 
Newell died before they did. If you will kindly convey this information to Col. House 
of the First Maine Heav^ Artillery, it may be of some interest to him. 

UNION ARMY BEATEN AT ALL POINTS. 

Silas Leach, Co. D, First Maine Cavalry, of Castine, Me., writes : 

In June, 1864, about the time we returned from the raid with Sheridan, towards 
Trevellian Station, I was calling on the natives, seeking something to devour. Coming 
to a large plantation with fine buildings I interviewed an intelligent contraband, a 
house servant, who told me that a rebel colonel, a friend of his master, had taken din- 
ner and spent most of the day there a short time before. Hearing their conversation 
the darkey got the impression that the Union army had been badly beaten at all points 
since the campaign opened. Later, finding the colonel alone, he proceeded to ques- 
tion him as follows : " VVhar you say you find Massa Grant's company in the spring? " 
"Up in the Wilderness," was the answer. "An' you beat him thar? " " Yes, we 
beat him there." " Whar you find him next? " " At Spottsylvania." " An' you beat 
him thar?" "Yes, we beat him there." "An' Cold Harbor, you drove him thar, 
too?" "Yes, we drove him there." "Whar is Massa Grant's company now?" 
" Over in front of Petersburg." " Then I axed him," continued the old darkey, 
" whar he was trying to drive Massa Grant's company to ! " 

AN incident. 

Albert P. Friend of Co. G. First Maine Cavalry, Brooksville, Me., writes : 

I will tell a little incident that happened to me and Madison Libby, while doing 
picket duty in Virginia. I am not good at remembering places and dates, so I will 
pass them by. The post that we were guarding was rather a dangerous one, being a 
public road, and we were ordered to keep a sharp lookout. About fifty yards from 
our post, the road turned short to the left. In the corner of this road was a small 
growth of wood, which cut off the view of the main road. It was about seven o'clock 
in the morning, and we were sitting on our horses eating some corn that we had 
roasted the night before, enjoying ourselves as best we could, when suddenly we heard 
the clatter of horses' feet on the left hand road. We dropped our corn, got our car- 
bines ready for use and awaited further developments. We had not long to wait. 
They soon showed themselves around the corner of the road, about fifty yards away — 
four mounted rebels. I instantly shouted " Halt ! " My challenge took them a little 



384 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

by surprise, as probably they were not looking for Yankee pickets just then. They 
halted and the two foremost raised their guns and fired. I tried to return the compli- 
ment but my carbine misfired, owing to the charge being wet. I tried my revolver 
with the same result, while Libby got a little nervous or lost control of his horse, went 
for the picket reserve, which was but a short distance in our rear; but the Johnnies 
left full as quick as they came. In a very few moments Libby came back and with 
him came a party of the boys from the reserve. They went outside and searched 
awhile for Johnnies, but not finding any they returned, and we were relieved and went 
to camp and drew a fresh stock of dry cartridges and went back to our post again. 
Madison Libby was transferred from Company I, First District Columbia -Cavalry to 
Company G, First Maine Cavalry, and in the end showed himself a brave man. He 
was killed at Boydton Plank Road facing the enemy. I was beside him when he was 
shot. 

THE DAY-AND-NIGHT RIDE. 

Alfred D. McGuire, Co. B, First Maine Cav., of Freeland, Mich., writes : 

I am very glad to hear from the " boys," especially those of the First Maine Cavalry. 
Having just read Augustus Lord's letter of our ride from Sulphur Springs to Little 
Washington, it brings that day-and-night ride very vividly to mind, and how Major 
Thaxter rode into the camp as cool as if he were on dress parade. I thought it about 
as nervy as any man could do. I had to walk, as my horse was so tired, I led him 
the rest of the way. I think there never was another regiment blessed with a better 
set of officers than the old First Maine Cavalry. Smith was a brave man with the best 
of judgment. I well remember when he was wounded in the hip at St. Mary's church 
I was one of the men who let down his stirrup so his leg could hang down. Although 
very pale he sat on his horse and gave orders just the same as though we were at play, 
and when he saw the regiment was getting a little out of line, called to Capt. Tucker, 
saying, " Can you about face and give them a volley?" Tucker's answer was, "Yes, 
I can about face my men anywhere, colonel, on earth; " and it was about face and 
fire from that time until we were across a field into some timber, where we made a 
stand. Will some of the comrades tell me what was the name of this action, as I have 
forgotten. 

Note. — ^The name of the action was St. Mary's church, June 24, 1864. 



Arthur S. Palmer, First Lieut, of Co. C, First Va. Cav., of Reno, Ind., writes : 

Have received the numbers of the Bugle; will not be so far behind in the future. 
Let her blow; she is A No. I. I shall never forget a headquarters bugler in the war. 
I knew him first when a boy. His name was Detreitch. He was a German; had 
been a bugler in German wars, and was a townsman of mine; some sixty years of age 
when the war commenced. He enlisted as bugler and took three sons as soldiers. I 
have often listened at night to Detreitch. He would wait until all of the regimental 
l)uglers would finish blowing " Put out the lights," when over the hills far away, he 
would fairly make his bugle talk. I could hear the words as well as the melody. It 
would be a delight to agam hear Detreitch blow, but he died long ago. Peace to his 
ashes and long life to his sons. A great many things I could write concerning him. 



BUGLE ECHOES, 385 

but space forbids. Julius D. Rhodes, in a late letter in the Bugle, speaks very highly of 
the First West Virginia Cavalry. He can not think better of my regiment than I do of 
the Fifth New York Cavalry. Great big double-fisted fellows, like Rhodes, could and 
did go in and knock down and drag out, and win commissions for gallant conduct, as 
also did your humble servant. I read in the Bugle a piece of poetry by Edward P. 
Tobie, " To His Old Army Horse," that just hit me. I rode some of the best, and not 
less than fifteen horses. I do not see how one could stand Tobie all the way through. 
I will tell you of one old horse of mine for which I traded a much finer looking horse. 
The boys called him Bob Ridley or old Bob. He was a dark brown, and rather heavy 
for a cavalry horse, and had broad feet, but he was a trotter and no mistake. You 
should see him go. General, you remember Chantilly, on the pike leading to Aldie? 
Well, I was on picket with twenty-five men in a grove on the right, in front of Chan- 
tilly mansion, three hundred yards, in a meadow, in the spring of 1863, in February, I 
believe. My boys had all been in the army from 1861 and we looked hard, and some 
new recruits, who came to the First Vermont Cavalry, were sent to my post to reheve 
me. I was dressed rough and my horse looked bad with a common cavalry saddle on 
him. I wore a blouse with no shoulder straps and was making coffee in a black quart 
cup when the relief was seen coming over the meadow, and soon up dashed a new lieu- 
tenant on a fine bright sorrel horse with yellow trimmings and fine saddle, with his new 
recruits mounted on fat horses and dressed in new uniforms, with feathers in their hats. 
The lieutenant brought them " front into line " and came up within forty feet of the 
grove where I had just boiled the coffee. He enquired for the officer in command. 
I was forthcoming but still held on to my quart cup of coffee, which was too hot to 
drink in a hurry. General, you- have tried to drink hot coffee quick and you know 
how it is yourself. Well, I came armed with the black quart cup and introduced 
myself to the new lieutenant. I told one of the boys to give my horse an ear of corn 
while the new lieutenant and I drank the coffee. One or two of the soldiers in line 
snickered and laughed as they beheld old Bob, and one said, " What a poor horse that 
lieutenant rides." Thinks I to myself, " I'll take the conceit out of you fellows." I 
told the lieutenant I would go the rounds with him and he could leave his men two on 
each post and I would bring mine in to the reserve picket. It was a bare pasture field 
and three hundred yards or more to the pike. We started, the heutenant and I, at the 
head of the column. We rode at a slow trot and the lieutenant's horse broke into a 
gallop in the first seventy-five yards. He remarked to me, " You have a good trotter.'' 
I told him he was not trotting, but as soon as we got to the pike I would let him out. 
So I stood up in the stirrups and old Bob trotted. By the time we got to the pike I 
had the lieutenant's iiorse and the whole party on the run attempting to keep up with 
old Bob. " Now," says I, " if you will send a sergeant to the rear to keep the men 
closed up I will show you a trotter." We went about one and one-half miles out on 
the pike and they all acknowledged old Bob was a daisy. They never laughed at my 
horse afterwards. The First Vermont was a good regiment. Did you see where Col. 
H. C. Parsons of the First Vermont, was assassinated at Natural Bridge, Va., where he 
has lived ever since the war in the hotel business? As Tobie says, if there is a Heaven 
for horses I will ride old Bob, for I do think all good, vahant soldiers will get to 
Heaven, sure. I have ridden old Bob one hundred miles in twenty-four hours, and 
no man but a cavalryman knows just what a good sound horse can stand. The boys 



386 THE MAINE BUGLE. 

told me they could always tell when there was going to be a fight, they would see 
Lieut. Palmer skipping around here, there and everywhere, and laughing and in good 
humor. That is about the truth. I did not put on much style but I showed the boys 
who the officer was as soon as the fighting commenced — always in front ! 

ROYAL VOLUNTEERS. 

H. M. Williams, Capt. First Bucks R. V., The Square, Wolverton, Bucks, Eng., writes : 
In the copy of the Maine Bugle just received, to which I have the honor of being 
a subscriber, I found the enclosed coupon. I am very much interested in the Bugle 
and should like to become a subscriber to the Pictorial History of the War. I 
enclosed Post Office Order 13 S, (;^2.92), and shall be glad if you will kindly send me 
the six parts already issued, and the remainder as published. I send you by the same 
post a copy of the calendar issued by the Oxfordshire Light Infantry, to which regi- 
ment the volunteer battalion to which I belong is linked. I thought this might be of 
interest to you, and beg that you will please accept it from me. The representa- 
tive group of Bucks Volunteers consists of members of my company. 

camp PENOBSCOT, 

C. P. Clayton, of Taopi, Mower Co., Minn., Co. L, First Maine Cav., writes : 

I enclose two dollars to pay for the Bugle what 1 am in arrears, and the balance in 
advance. I would like to have met with the comrades at their annual reunion, but I 
am a great distance off. Tell any of the members of the old regiment that I often 
recall them and the times we had in Camp Penobscot when we were raw soldiers, and 
if any of them think I did not jump the fence around the old camp as many times that 
winter as any other man in the First Maine, let them ask Capt. Vaughan, as he was in 
our company. 

the pride of my heart. 

Isaac Shields, of Hodgdon, Me., Co. E, First Maine Cav., writes : 

I wish to say to you that the Bugle is the pride of my heart and I hope to receive 
them just as often as I can, and I will pay for them. I am broken down and can do 
but little work 

all right. 

Lieut. H. B. Sawyer, Auburn, Me., Co. K., and G, Eighth Me. Inf., writes: 

The Bugles come along all right; am very much pleased with them. Please find 
enclosed one dollar for payment of same. • 

first under fire. 

M. S. Berry, of Co. H, Eleventh Maine Inf., of Brownville, Me. writes : 

I claim Company H was the first company of the Eleventh Maine to be under fire 
from rebel guns. It was while on picket at Mcintosh's Landing, James River, in 
April, 1862. It was a pretty warm day, and the tide being out most of the boys were 
out on the flats digging shell fish. The writer was back a few rods from the river try- 
ing to replenish his commissary department by getting a " cullord lady " to hake him 
some biscuits, while Lieut. S., in command of the company, was lying in the shade 



BUGLE ECHOES. 387 

trying to keep cool, minus his cap, coat and sword, when down came a rebel gunboat 
opposite our position on a bluff near the landing. Some of the boys, thinking to have 
some fun, double-shotted their rifles and commenced firing at her. They soon had 
more fun than they wanted, for the gunboat swung around and opened fire on us from 
her big guns. The first notice I received was from a shell that came screaming over 
the house, making me think they were firing steam whistles. I ran out to see what 
the rumpus meant — saw the lieutenant standing on the bluff, bareheaded and coatless, 
swinging his arms and crying out to the boys, " Gee hornet ! " — his favorite cuss word 
— "boys, come up out of that or you will get hurt." He thought more of the safety 
of his men than he did of the rebel shells or his military appearance. I have to laugh 
now as I think how the boys looked as they scrambled up that sand bank and made 
for the woods. I did not stop to see who came in ahead, but think the lieutenant led 
his company. As the darkey population had all taken to the woods at the first shot, 
and of course the biscuit had to be looked after, the hottest time I had was in trans- 
ferring them to my haversack. I then executed a Hank movement, came in on the rear 
and joined the company in good order, baggage all safe. I found some of the boys 
without caps who claimed the wind from the shells blew them away as they came over 
the bank. 

COUNT ON ME. 

E. W. ScHU'iTE, 437 East 22d street. New York City, writes: 

I find each and every number of very deep interest to me as an old soldier. You 
can count on me to follow the Bugle through all the calls and right up to the time 
when the publisher sounds " Taps," which I hope is a long time away still. 

A CORRECTION. 

Capt. Francis Haviland, of National Military Home, Ohio, writes: 

I wish to correct the statement of Col. Fred C. Newhall on the cavalry charge over 
the stone bridge at Antietam. It was made by the Fourth Pennsylvania Cavalry, our 
Colonel James M. Childs was our brigade commander that day. We got the battery 
over the bridge under the enemy's fire. Col. Childs was killed by a cannon ball. We 
got our horses down in a ravine out of the range of the enemy's guns. We repulsed 
the enemy three times. We were dismounted all day. 

SOLID COMFORT. 

Preston L. Bennett, Co. D, First D. C. Cav., transferred to Co. F, First Me. Cav., 

of Newport, Me., writes: 

Enclosed you will please find five dollars to pay for the Bugle. I am not going to 
make any excuses for not paying before, for in tmie of war there was no excuse for a 
soldier, but one thing I must say, and that is, I take solid comfort reading the Bugle. 
May it always blow. 



388 THE MAINE BUGLE. 



Contents of Campaign I. 

Page 
ALDIE, A Review Of, ...... 123-132 

Capt George N. Buss. 

ALDIE, A Rebuttal to Capt. Bliss' Review Of, - - - - 256-262 

Major Henry C. Hall, First Maine Cavalry. 

ALLEN, IVORY R., 

APPOMATTOX COURT HOUSE, Eleventh Maine At, 

Thomas J. Holmes, Sergeant of Co. C. 
APPOMATTOX COURT HOUSE, From Petersburg To, 

Rev. J. E. M. Wrk^ht. 
APPOMATTOX, Some Recollections Of, ... 

Major Henry C. Hall. 
APPOMAITOX, An Unknown Cavalryman Killed At— Who Was He? 

BAITLE, A Ride In, 

Colonel M. T. V. Bowman, First Maine Cavalry. 
BATTLE OF THE PINES -Poem, - - -■ - 

BERRY, General, Recollections of, - - - - 

H. S., Co. K, Seventeenth Maine. 
BUGLE, To a War-worn — Poem, . - - . . 

W. D. Bowling. 
CAVALIERS AT CEDAR MOUNTAIN— Poem, 

Rev Frederic Denison, Chaplain First R. I. Cav. 
CAVALRY SOCIETY, Armies of the United States, 

Constitution, By-Laws, Officers for i894-'95, Report of Annual Meet- 
ing, Concord, N. H., June 21, 1894, One of the Youngest, Loans of 
Night Shirts, Col. Linehan, Our Generals — by Gen. John Gibbon, An 
Inspiring Scene (Secretary Chandler's letter). In Memoriam— Col. 
Charles Treichel, Col. Charles G. Otis, Col. Floyd Clarkson, Badge, 
Next Meeting, Cavalry Headquarters, 
CORRECTIONS AND AN IMPORTANT SUGGESTION, A Few, - 82-84 

Maj. Charles J. House and Capt. Fred C. Low. 
CORRECTIONS AND ADDITIONS— Heavy Artillery Losses, - 143-146 

Maj. Charles J. House. 
EIGHTH MAINE, Early Service of the, .... 23-26 

Kendall Pollard. 
ELEVENTH MAINE INFANTRY, A Cavalryman in the, - - 71-76 

Capt. Monroe Daggett. 

ELEVENTH MAINE AT APPOMATTOX COURT HOUSE, - 76-79 

Thomas J. Holmes, Sergeant Co, C. 





268 


1^ 


)-79 


"5- 


-123 


133- 


-140 


269- 


-270 


229- 


-232 


255- 


-256 


237- 


-239 




228 


26-29 


271- 


-280 



CONTENTS OF CAMPAIGN I. 



389 



ECHOES, 

Capt. Henry C. Adams, 195; Alonzo Annis, 99; Mrs. Perry Arnold, 
87; George S. Ayers, 192; Wellington P. Baker, 94; G. H. M. Bar- 
rett, 100 ; Henry T. Bartlett, 382; Preston L. Bennett, 387; George 
S. Bernard, 381 ; Matthew S. Berry, 100, 288, 386-387; Capt. 

E. C. Bigelow, 92; Gen. Henry Boynton, 87; J. W. Caldwell, 
85; W, R. Carter, 98; Cyrus Case, 93, 191 ; Geo. H. Cavanaugh, loi ; 
Dr. Freeman H. Chase, 291; Sidney W. Clark, 92, 382; Rufus M. 
Clayton, 90; C. P. Clayton, 386; Lieut. J. L. Colburn, 98, 196; Rev. 
O. M. Cousens, 90; Capt. Lewis O. Cowan, loi; George L. Dacy, 
190; Capt. Monroe Daggett, 285 ; Charles F. Dam, 193; Major A. P. 
Davis, 187; Maj. Charles B. Davis, 100; G. E. Dillingham, 289; 
Erastus Doble, 88; George Doughty, lOO; A. F. Eaton, 195; Joseph 

D. Eaton, 89; Mrs. Matthew W. Ellis, 89; Capt. J. A. Fessenden, 
100; William H. Findal, 194; Daniel M. Poster, 90; Albert P. Friend, 
86,383-384; Edward S. Frost, 90; William Gardner, 94, 289; Geo. 
W. Getchell, 93; Dr. Locero J. Gibbs, 87; Maj. D. H. L. Gleason, 
100; Benj. Gould, 92; Gen. A. W. Greely, 381-382; Maj. Henry C. 
Hall, 193, 290; James G. Harding, 89; Hon. Henri J. Haskell, 97, 
196; John Haselton, 192; Asa P\ Hanson, 97; Cornelius Harring- 
ton, 89; Albert H. Harris, 290; S. F. Harris, 293; John E. Hart, 189; 
Capt. Francis Haviland, 387; Mrs. D. C. Huntington, 89; Mrs. Sam- 
uel Hurd, 93 ; Zebard F. Hyson, 95 ; Pearl G. Ingalls, 98, 286 ; F. E. 
Jewett, 383; Hiram C. Jordan, 92; William H. Kimball, 90; Hiram 

B. King, 92; Wilbur F. Lane, 94; Caleb N. Lang, 98; Silas Leach, 
383; A. F. Lewis, 95 ; Horatio S. Libby, 100, 289; Augustus Lord, 191 
William H. Luce, 93; Alex. D. Lunt, loi ; Alfred D. McGuire, 384 
William H. McPhail, 96; Charles H. Mero, 99; Henry E. Morrill 
192; Col. Frederic C. Newhall, 93; Lieut. Arthur S. Palmer, 384-386 
Gustavus Pease, 85 ; John F. Perry, 288; Rev. H. A. Philbrook, 86 
Kendall Pollard, 85, 187; Reuel W. Porter, 189; Joshua Ray, 99 
James K. Reynolds, 293; Isaac Shields, 386; George B. Safford, 100 

F. J. Savage, 92; Lieut. H. B. Sawyer, 386; Henry E. Sellers, 286 

E. W. Schutte, 387; E. L. Shackford, 97; Lieut. J. E. Shepard, 94 
Patrick F. Shevlin, 97; Albert J. Small, 293; E. A. Smith, loi ; John 
Day Smith, 292; Rev. James F. Smith, 382; Lieut. S C. Smith, 100; 

C. P. Stevens, 287; Corydon O. Stone, 189; Alonzo R. Stuart, 193; 
Reuel Thomas, 95, 286; Luther Tibbetts, 188, 382; Melvin Tibbetts, 
194; Edward P. Tobie, Jr., loi; Leroy H. Tobie, loi ; Edward Trench- 
ard, 294; Hiram S. Tuttle, 88; Joseph F. Twitchell, 85 ; C. T. Watson, 
192; Charles A. Wentworth, 95; James B. Welsh, 97; George W. 
White, 96; S. B. Williams, 187; Capt. H. M. Williams, 386; Gen. 
Egbert L. Viele, 88, 288. 

FIFTH NEW YORK CAVALRY IN THE VALLEY, 

F. S. Dickinson, Fifth New York Cavalry. 

FIFTH NEW YORK CAVALRY AT CULPEPER, 

F. S. Dickinson, Fifth New York Cavalry. 



147-161 



239-249 



390 



THE MAINE BUGLE. 



FIRST MAINE CAVALRY— Campaigns of the Bugle, - - 177-178 

FORT FISHER, A True History of the Army At,— Illustrated, - - 29-71 

HANSCOM, M. D., WALTER V, - - - - - 168 

HEAVY ARTILLERY, Losses of the First Maine, - - - 13 

HEAV\' ARTILLERY, The Charge of the First Maine, - - 4-8 

Joel F. Brown, Co. I. 
HEAVY ARTILLERY, Killed and Wounded of the First Mame, - 8-19 

HEAVY ARTILLERY, May 19th, Side Lights on the Battle of the ist Me. 20-22 

HEAVY ARTILLERY, A Few Corrections and an Important Suggestion, 82-84 

Maj, Charles J. House and Capt. Fred C. Low. 
HEAVY ARTILLERY LOSSES, Corrections and Additions, - 143-146 

Major Charles J. House. 
IN MEMORIAM, 

Dr. WilHam A. Banks, 183-184; Alexander Benner, 375; Lieut Ger- 
shom F. Burgess, 375-376; Harrison B. Bowley, 376; Jonathan P. 
Cilley, Jr., 377-380; Col. Charles G. Otis, 283; Col. Floyd Clarkson, 
284; John B. Drake, 184; George W. Lewis, 186; Wilbur McCobb, 
186; Dr. John P. Sheahan, 185-186; Col. Charles Treichel, 280-283. 
KNIGHT, COL. FRANK C, ----- - 

LEE, Penobscot County, Soldiers from, .... 

Major C. J. House. 

LIFE IN LIBBY, 

C. O. Fernald, Fourth Maine Infantry. 
MAINE, A Man From — A True History of the Army at Fort Fisher. lUust'd 

Col. Henry C. Lockwood. 
MASSACHUSETTS, Branch Association of the First Maine Cavalry, 
MILITARY INSTRUCTIONS IN OUR SCHOOLS, 

Resolutions of the Twenty-seventh National Encampment, G. A. R., 
Ex-President Harrison, Henry T. Bartlett, Editor; Patriotic Selec- 
tions for Memorial Day. 
OLD BLUE CAP, An— Poem, ...... 19 

PERSONAL, ....... 197-198 

They Still Live, Maxims for Training Horses, Address of Lieut. Edward 
P. Tobie, Lieut. James McGuire, Place of Next Encampment, Thomas 
Somers, Delay of the April Issue, long list of Echoes and articles car- 
ried over to the July issue. Lawyers' Loyal League. 
PETERSBURG TO APPOMATrOX COURT HOUSE, From - - 1 15-123 

Re\-. J. E. M. Wright. 
PETERSBURG, Sixth Maine Battery Before, - - - 249-255 

James E. Rhodes, Sixth Maine Battery. 
PORTRAITS AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 

General Adelbert Ames, frontispiece; General W. W. Averell, 271; 
Colonel Lorenzo D. Carver, 353; General J. P. Cilley, 274; Eighth 
Maine Memorial Building, 368; Fort Fisher, Map of the Military 
Assault on, 52; Fort Fisher, Plan and Section of, 51; Fort Fisher, 
Interior View of, 49; Fort Fisher, The Great Mound, 38; Walter V. 
Hanscom, M. D., 168; Headquarters Building, TheWeirs, 278; Major 





163 


263- 


-266 


232- 


-237 


29-71 


161- 


-162 


179- 


-182 



CONTENTS OF CAMPAIGN I. 



391 



PORTRAITS AND ILLUSTRATIONS, (Continued.) 

James H. H, Hewett, 88; General Oliver O. Howard, 199; Colonel 
Frank C. Knight, 1 63 ; Captain Wilbur F. Lane, 118; Henry C. Lev- 
ensaler, M. D., 23; Colonel Henry C. Lockwood, 29; Monument to 
Fourth Maine at Gettysburg, 351 ; Colonel Edward A. True, 103; Cap- 
tain William N. Ulmer, 348; Horace C. White, M. D., 80; Colonel 
Elijah Walker, 350. 
PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE, Reminiscences of, - - - 105-115 

Erastus Doble, Eighth Maine Infantry. 
PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE, Reminiscences of, Continued, - - 214-228 

PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE, Reminiscences of, Continued, - 317-332 

REGIMENTAL HISTORIES, 175-176 

Gen. J. P. CiLLEY. 
REGIMENTAL HISTORIES AND PUBLICATIONS, List of, - 176-177 

REUNION OF THE REGIMENTS FROM MAINE, - - - 332-333 

REUNION FIRST MAINE CAVALRY, - . . . 333-342 

REUNION SECOND MAINE CAVALRY, ... - 343-346 

REUNION FOURTH MAINE INFANTRY AND SECOND BATTERY, 347-352 
REUNION KNOX ANl3 LINCOLN VETERANS, - - - 352-357 

REUNION FIFTH MAINE INFANTRY, - - - - 357 

REUNION SIXTH AND NINTH MAINE INFANTRY, - - 358-363 

REUNION SEVENTH MAINE INFANTRY, - - - 363-365 

REUNION EIGHTH MAINE INFANTRY, . . . . 365-369 

REUNION FIRST, TENTH AND TWENTY-NINTH INFANTRY, 370-374 

REUNION THIRTEENTH MAINE INFANTRY, - - 266-268 

REVEILLE, -......- 80-82 

SHERIDAN IN LEE'S LAST CAMPAIGN, With, - - - ' 201-213 

Colonel Fred C. Newhall. 
SHERIDAN IN LEE'S LAST CAMPAIGN, With, - - - 297-317 

Colonel Fred C. Newhall. 
SIXTH MAINE BATFERY BEP"ORE PETERSBURG, - - 249-255 

James E. Rhodes, Sixth Maine Battery. 
SOMERSET BRANCH, Banquet of the, - - - . - 164-167 

TWELFTH MAINE INFANTRY, Short History Of, - - 169-174 

A. H. Curtis. 
THE TWENTIETH MAINE IN RHYME, - - - - 140-142 

Charles H. Mero. 



THE COMIC MILITARY ALPHABET. 

Army, Navy, National Guard. By De Witt C. Falls. Illustrated, Full Page Pictures 
in Colors. Bound in Red,- White and Blue, $1.25. New York: Frederick A. 
Stokes Company. 

A book made in the best style and illustrated with decided ability. It is quite dif- 
ferent from anything we have before seen and it is full of fun from A to Z. 



Lawyers' Loyal League. 



AN ASSOCIATION FOR THE COLLECTION OF DEBTS AND INTER- 
CHANGE OF LEGAL BUSINESS. 

For terms of admission, fees and charges, address Cilley & MacAllister, Managers, 
Rockland, Maine. 



Auburn, Androscoggin Pulsifer, .Tames A 

Ashland, Aroostook Dunn, Fred G 

Augusta, Kennebec Blanchard, H F 

Alfred, York Donovan, John B 

Anson, Somerset Adams, Benjamin 

Athens, Somerset Holman, J F 



Bangor, Penobscot 
Bath, Sagadahoc 
Belfast, Waldo 
Bethel, Oxford 
Biddeford, York 
Bingham, Somerset 
Blaine, Aroostook 



Mitchell, H L 

Hughes, George E 

]?rown, F W 

Herrick, A E 

Gould, Jesse 
Jordan, William B 

Safford, H AV 



Boothbay Harbor, Lincoln Kenniston, G B 
Bluehill," Hancock Bunker. J E, Jr 

Bowdoinham, Sagadahoc Rogers. Grant 
Bradford, Penobscot Wentworth, Thos H 
Brewer, Penobscot Hutchins, ,Tasi)er 

Bridgeton, Cumberland Walker, AH&EC 
Browniield, Oxford Frink J L 

Brunswi('k, Cumberland Potter, Barrett 
Buoktield, ( )xford Bridgham, Thos S 

Bucksport, Hancock Fellows, O F 

Buxton, York 

Blanchard, Piscataquis Packard, Cyrus A 
Brownville, Piscataquis Mcintosh, M W 



Camden, Knox 

Calais, Washington 
Canaan, Somerset 
Canton, Oxford 
Caribou, Aroostook 
Casco, Cumberland 
Castine, Hancock 
Cherryfleld, Washington 
China', Kennebec 



Crawford, M T 

Hanson, George M 

Barrett, T B 

Swasey, J P & J C 

Fletcher, B L 

Tolman, James H 

Warren, George M 

Cami)bell, F I 

Greeley, J H 



Clinton, Kennebec Martin. Forest J 

Corinna, Penobscot AVood, AV I 

Corinth, East, Penobscot Haynes, Henry P 
Cornish, York Perkins, AValter P 



Damariscotta, Lincoln 
Danforlb, AVasliington 
Deer Isle, Hancock 
Denmark, Oxford 
Dexter, Penobscot 
Dixfield, Oxford 
Dover, Piscataquis 



Hilton, AVm H 

Hewes, B W 

Spofford, Elmer P 

Davis, S G 

Crosbv & Crosby 

Trask, J R 

Peaks, Jos B 



East Livermore, Androscoggin 

Whittemore, H C 
EastiKirt, AVasliington McLarren, I G 

Eden, Hancock Peters, John A, Jr 

Eddington, Penobscot 
Ellsworth, Hancock Burnham, J A 



Farmington, Franklin Belcher, S G 

Fairfield, Somerset Weeks, George G 

Falmouth, West, Cumberland 

Clifford, C E 
Farmingdale, Kennebec Stillphen, A C 
Fort Fairfield, Aroostook 

Powers, Herbert T 
Fort Kent, Aroostook Keegan, F W 

Foxcroft, Piscataquis Parsons, AY E 

Freedom, Waldo Keen, O H 

Freeport, Cumberland Mitchell, E AY 

Fryeburg, Oxford Fife, Seth W 

Gardiner, Kennebec Clason, O B 

Gorham, Cumberland 

AYaterman, John A, Jr 

Gouldsborough, AYiuter Harbor, Hancock 

Tracy, Bedford E 

Guilford, Piscataquis Hudson, Henry 

Gray, Cumberland A'^inton, AY H 

Hallowell, Kennebec 
Hampden, Penobscot 
Hanover, Oxford 
Harrison, Cumberland 
Hartland. Somerset 
Herscy, Aroostook 
Hiranl, Oxford 
Hollis, York 



Mayo, H AY 
Putnam, Solon A 
AYarren , Jesse W 

Smith, B L 
Pike, J F 



Houlton, Aroostook Burleigh, Parker C 



Thompson, Roscoe H 

Haley, A E 

Estes, Jere E 

Safford, Moses A 



Jay, Franklin 

Kennebunk, A'ork 
Kingman, Penobscot 
Kittery, York 

Lebanon, York Jones, S W 

Lewist(m, Androscoggin Knowlton, A K P 
Lewiston, Androscoggin Drew, F M 

Liberty, AValdo Knowlton, .T W 

Limerick, York Higgins Frank M 

Limington, York McArthur, AVilliam M 
Lincoln, Penobscot Clark, Hugo 

Lisbon, Androscoggin Coolidge, H E 

Lovell, Oxford Hoblis, J F 

Lubec, AVasliington Gray, .Tames H 

Machias, Washington McFaul, A D 

Madison, Somerset Small, C O 

Manchester, Kennebec Farr, Loring 

Mechanic Falls, Androscoggin 

Purrington, F O 
Mercer, Somerset Croswell, H T 

Mexico, Oxford Trask, John R 

Millbridge, AVashington Gray, H H 

Milo, Piscata<iuis Durgin, M L 



In corresponding with these attorneys please mention that you found their names here. 



Monmouth, North, Kennebec Jeff rev.. Jesse 
Montville, Waldo Bartlett, Jonathan 

Monson, Piscataquis, Sprague, J I 

Newport, Penobscot Walker, Elllotv 

New Vineyard, Franklin Luce, E K 

Norridgewock, Somerset 

Harrington, Charles A 
North Berwick, York 



Norway, Oxford 
Oakland, Kennebec 
Oldtown, Penobscot 
Orono, Penobscot 
Oxford, Oxford 



Holt, Charles E 

Field, George W 

Cushman, C A 

Dunn, CJ 

Hazen, (ieorge 



South Berwifk, York Yeaton, George C 

Sprint;tielcl, Penobscot Rider, E C 

Solon, Somerset Brown, William B 

Standish, Cumberland Swasey, George W 

St Albans, Somerset Stewart, D D 

Steuben, Washington Bytber, David B 
Stockton Springs, Waldo Small, Wm C 

Sullivan, Hancock Boynton, Henry 

Strong, Franklin Stubbs, Phillip H 

Thomaston, Knox Hewett, J H H 

Topsham, Sagadahoc Barron, George 

Tremont, S W Harbor, Hancock 

Fuller, George R 



Paris, Oxford 
Parkman, Piscataquis 
Parsonsfield, York 
Patten, Penobscot 
Pembroke, Washington 
Phillips, Franklin 
Pittsfield, Somerset 
Poland, Androscoggin 
Porter, Kezar Falls, Oxford 
Portland, Cumberland 



Wright, James S 
Harvey, E F 

Davis, George E 

Smith, Bertram L 

Smart, E K 

Morrison, James 

Hovey, Frank W 
Dunn, David 
Fox iS Davis 
Libbv & Hill 



Union, Knox 
Unity, Waldo 

Van Buren, Aroostook 
Vassalboro, East, Kennebec 
Vinalhaven, Knox 



I'ortland, Cumberland 
Presque Isle, Aroostook 



Seiders & Chase 
Madigan, E 



Readlield, Kennebec Bean & Bean 

Richmond, Sagadahoc Hall, William T 
Rockland, Knox Cilley & MacAllister 

Rockport, Knox Barrett, G H M 

Rumford, Oxford Swasey & Swasey 

Scarborough, West, Cumberland 

Moulton, Augustus F 
Saco, York Burbank, H H 

Sanford, York Hanson, George W 

Sebago, Cumberland Poor, E L 

Sherman, Sherman Mills, Aroostook 
Skowhegan, Somerset Goodwin, Forest 
Somerville, Lincoln Soule, A L 



Libby, James, Jr 

Keegan, P C 
Priest, H A 
Walls, F S 

Waldoboro, Lincoln Castner, O D 

Washington, Knox Bliss, Hiram, Jr 

Waterville, Kennebec 
Webster, Sabattus, Androscoggin 

Hill, S L 
Wellington, Piscataquis Andrews, Ezra 
Wells, York Tripp, A K 

Westbrook, Cumberland Tolman, J H 

Whitefield, North, Lincoln Partridge, R S 
Windham, South, Cumberland 

Webb, Lindley M 



Winn, Penobscot 
Winslow, Kennebec 
Wilton, Franklin 
Winterport, Waldo 
Winthrop, Kennebec 
Wiscasset, Lincoln 



Estes, J E 

Paine, G S 

Small, Bvron M 

Kellv, F W 

Carlton, L T 

Sewall, Rufus K 



Yarmouth, Cumbefland 

Freeman, Barnabus 
York Village, York Stewart, John C 



NEW HARirSHIRE. 



Andover, Merrimack 
Ashland, Grafton 

Berlin Falls, Coos 
Bristol, Grafton 

Claremont, Sullivan 
Colebrook, Coos 
Concord, Merrimack 
Concord, Merrimack 
Conway, Carroll 

Derry, Rockingham 
Dover, Strafford 

Epping, Rockingham 
Exeter, Rockinguiam 

Fitzwilliam, Cheshire 
Franklin, Merrimack 



Stone, George AV 
Drew, Asa W 

Twitchell & Libby 
Chase, Ira A 

Holt, Herman 

Dudley, J H 

Donovan, Daniel B 

Dudlev, D F 

Wood, J C L 

Bartlett, G K 
Hall, Daniel 



Lancaster, Coos Drew, Jordan & Buckley 
Lebanon, Grafton Dole, C A 

Littleton, Grafton 

Bingham, Mitchells & Batchellor 

Manchester, Hillsborough, Gage, John 

Meredith Village, Belknap Rollins, J W 
Millford, Hillsboro Kendall, Edgar I 

Nashua, Hillsboro McKay, William J 

New Ipswich, Hillsboro Preston, Wm.A 
New Market, Rockingham Mellens, A L 
Newport, Sullivan Waite, A b 

North Conway, Carroll Osgood, Fred B 



Drury, W H Orford, Grafton 



Chapman & Lang 



Blake, Amos J 
Barnard, James E 



Gorham, Coos Twitchell & Libby 

Great Falls, Strafford Russel & Boyer 

Greenville, Hillsborough Taft, H J 

Haverhill, Grafton 
Hillsborough Bridge, Hillsborough 

Webber, Brooks K 
Hinsdale, Cheshire Temple, E J 

Keene, Cheshire Batchelder & Faulkner 



Penacook, Merrimack Dudley, David F 
Peterborough, Hillsboro Clark, F & 

Pittsfleld, Merrimack, Lane, L A 

Plymouth, Grafton Burleigh & Adams 
Portsmouth, Rockingham Page, C 



Lakeport, Belknap 
Laconia, Belknap 



Owen, A S 
Clark, S C 



Somersworth, Strafford 
Suncook, Merrimack 

Tilton, Belknap 

Walpole, Cheshire 
Wilton, Hillsboro 
Winchester, Cheshire 
Wolfboro, Carroll 
Woodsville, Stratford 



Russell & Boyer 
Hasleton, John B 

Fellows, W B 

Bellows, J G 

Bales, George E 

Brigham, H W 

Abbott, Sewell \V 

Smith & Sloane 



In corresponding with these attorneys please mention that you found their names here. 



RKVKRK HOUSB, 




BOWDOIN SQUARE, BOSTON. 

Earopean Plan, Geiitralj Gomementj Attractive 

2\< iJ. Merroco ^ (so,, propriefor;^. 




(This is Uic way it is done. You can easily learn.) 

WE WANT MEN 

TO SELL OUR 

APPLE TREES AND OTHER NURSERY STOCK 

WRITE FOR TERMS TO i— ^ 

HOMER N. CHASE & CO., 

AUBURN^ MAINE. 



Order Coupon : HARPER'S WAR HISTORY: Cut this out. 



y. p. alley ^ Treasurer^ Rocklatid^ Maine . 

Eiicloscd Jind% or 

Parts 



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10 cents for each part, or $2.60 for complete set. 

This coupon is not only a convenience to you as it saves you writing a letter, hut it 
is valuable, for WITHOUT the coupon the price of the parts is 25 cents eich. 



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Send the above coupon ■with cash to our 
office and get any or all parts that are ready of 

Harper's Pictorial History 



CIVIL WAR. 

Over 830 mamtnoth pages, 16x11^ in-i and 
over 1000 famous Harper war illustrations. 
Fine paper, large type, colored map; the 
unabridged original Harper's historj', as 
always sold from $16.00 to $30.00. 26 parts, 
32 pages each part, 10 cents for any one part. 

Now ready, parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 aiid 6. 




CAVEATS, 
TRADE MARKS, 
DESIGN PATENTS, 
COPYRIGHTS, etc. 

For information and free Handbook write to 

MUNN & CO., 361 Broadway, New York. 
Oldest bureau for securing patents in America. 
Every patent taken out by us is brought before 
the public by a notice given free of charge in the 

Largest circulation of any scientific paper In the 
world. Splendidly illustrated. No intelligent 
man should We without it. Weekly, ^3.00 a 
year; $1.50 six months. Address MUNN & CO., 
PuBiiiSBEBS, 361 Broadway, New York City. 



J. P. CILLEY, 

•^A our)^ellor ab IvaiAT^^ 

ROCKLAND, MAI]t^E. 



Prosecutes claims before Congress, all the departments at Washington and the 
United States Court of Claims. 

Has complete copies of the monthly reports of the First Maine Cavalry, i86i 
to 1865, and is fully equipped to aid any member of the old regiment in securing 
pensions or other claims against the United States. 



Rockland and Her Ocean Outlook 

Vinalhaven & Rockland Steamboat Company. 

TWO TRIPS DAILY 

Between Vinalhaven and Rockland. Commencing Monday, April 2, 1894, the 

STEAMER GOV. BODWELL, 

Caff. Wm. R. CREED, 

Will leave Vinalhaven for Rockland, every week-day at 7 A. M. and 2 P. M. Return- 
ing, leave Rockland, (Tillson's Whaif,) for Vinalhaven, at 9.30 A. M. and 4 p. M., 
landing at Hurricane Isle, each trip both ways. 

By taking the 9.30 A. M. boat the above service gives three hours at Vinalhaven 
or three and one-halt hours at Hurricane Island. 

W. S. WHITE, General Manager. 

Rockland and Friendship Line. 

STEAMER SILVER STAR, 

Cait. I. E. ARCHIBALD, 

Will leave Tillson's Wharf at 7.30 A. M., weather permitting, on Mondays, Wednes- 
days and Saturdays, for High Island, Spruce Head, Tenant's Harbor, Clark Island, 
Port Clyde and Friendship. 

Returning, leave Friendship for above named landings and Rockland, connecting 
with boats to and from Boston. 

Round trip tickets from Friendship and Port Clyde to Rockland and return, $1.50 
Smgle tickets, 85c. From Tenant's Harbor to Rockland and return, ^i.oo; single 
tickets, 75c. .Spruce Head to Rockland and return, 75c; single tickets, 50c, 

Attention given to all orders and freight. 

Vinalhaven Steamboat Company. 

STEAMER VINALHAVEN, 

Weather permitting, will leave S.van's Island every week day at 6 a. m.; Green's 
Landing at 7.10 A. M.; Vinalhaven at 8.30 A. M.; arrive at Rockland about 9.45 \. M. 

Returning, will leave Rockland at 2 P. M.; Vinalhaven at 3.30 p. M.; Green's 
Landing at 5 p. M.; arrive at Swan's Island at 6 p. M. 

Connections: At Rockland wita 1.35 p. M. train of M. C R. R., arriving at Port- 
land 5.20 V. M. and Boston 9.30 p. M. same day; at Swan's Island with steamer Electa 
for Black Island. R,- R. Tickets sold at reluced rates to Portland and Boston from 
all landings. Round trip tickets between Rockland and Vinalhaven, 25c. 

H. P. JONES, Manager, Rockland. 

Bluehill & Ellswoth Steamboat Line. 

Consisting of the new and favorite 

STR. CATHERINE, STR. JULIETTE, 

OSCAR A. CROCKErr, Captain. RALPH H. CROCKETT, Captain. 

Leaving Rockland on arrival of steamers from Boston about 6 a. m. daily (except 
Monday) for Dark Harbor and Hewes Point* (Islesboro),Castine, Blake's Point, Little 
Deer Isle, Herrick's Landing,* Sargentville, Deer Isle, Sedgwick, Brooklin, South 
Bluehill,* Parker's Point,* Bluehill, Surry and Ellsworth. 

Returning, leave Ellsworth at 7 A. m., Surry 7.45 A. M. daily (except Sunday), 
making the above named landings, arriving at Rockland about 5 p. m. in season to 
connect with steamers for Boston. Tickets sold on board. Baggage checked through. 

These steamers connect at Cascine with steamer Welcome for West Brooksville and 
Penobscot daily. O. A. CROCKETT, Manager. 

""Flag landings. 



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